English Improvement 11 September

ENGLISH IMPROVEMENT AFTERSCHO☺OL – DEVELOPING CHANGE MAKERS CENTRE FOR SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP PGPSE PROGRAMME – World’ Most Comprehensive programme in social entrepreneurship & spiritual entrepreneurship OPEN FOR ALL FREE FOR ALL

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

ENGLISH IMPROVEMENT Dr. T.K. Jain.

AFTERSCHO☺OL Centre for social entrepreneurship Bikaner M: 9414430763 [email protected] www.afterschool.tk, www.afterschoool.tk www.afterschoool.tk

AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Now I had crossed the rubicon. • What is the meaning of the idiom : crossed the rubicon • To take an important and irriversible decision. • Change had to have.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Let us cross our fingers, because we don’t have anything else to done.

• Meaning of idiom : cross our fingers • = wait for the plan to become successful • Change done to do.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

I and Ram are on cross purposes. • Change on to at • Meaning of Cross purposes means having different objectives.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Day traders comes a cropper • Change comes to came (related to past tense). • Meaning of idiom comes a cropper is to fail.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

CID people are experts in cryptography? • cryptography? = expert in understanding codes.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Cupid is similar to Kamdev of India? • Cupid means European God of love.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

There is no and to cupidity? • There is no end to greed (cupidity means greed).

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Girls are general experts in culinary skills. • Change general to generally. • Culinary means related to cooking.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

She cuddled her mother. • She cuddled up to her mother. • Cuddled means to hug and hold together.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

She is curtness. • She is curt. • Curt means rude and brief.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

I dangled the prospect of promote before him. • Change promote to promotion • Dangled here means to offer some temptation (something attractive).

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

BM is a Dandy boy. Is he? • Change is he to isn’t he? • Dandy means someone who wears fashionable dress and cares for dress.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

It was a dastard event. • Change dastard to dastardly • Dastardly means very wicked (bad).

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

I work from dawn to dusk. • Change to to till • Dawn till dusk means from morning to evening

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Vivek can’t listen to dawn chorus, because he get up late. • Change get to gets • Dawn chorus means birds singing early in the morning.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

I daunted by the thought of ghost. • I was daunted by the thought of ghost. • Daunted means worried

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

He came at the dead of the night. • He came at the dead of night. • Dead of night means in the middle of night.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

India had a debacle in the world cup Hockey. • No error • Debacle means severe failure.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Tsunami decimate many island. • Tsunami decimated many islands. • Decimate means to destroy a large part of some area.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

He is a very deceit person. • He is a very deceitful person. • Deceitful means deceiving / cheating others.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

We are witnessing decadent in politics. • We are witnessing decadence in politics. • Decadence means moral degradation

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Politicians have debunked. • Politicians have not come upto our expectations. • Debunk means to show that reputation of a person is false.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Why are you defiant in manners. • Why do you have defiant manners. • Defiant means refusing to obey.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Who will defrayed my expenses. • Who will defray me. • (defray means to compensate for the money spent).

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

He is exhaust from fit of delirium • He is exhausted from fits of delirium • Exhaust means tired • Delirium means mental disturbance.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

What can you do for ozone depletion. • What can you do to prevent ozone depletion? • Depletion means constant reduction.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Vajpai denounced government handling crisis. • Vajpai denounced government’s handling of the crisis. • Denounced means public criticism

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Sunil has a demurely smile on his façade. • Sunil has a demure smile on his face • Demure means serious • Façade means face (use face for human beings).

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

It has been a despicably act. • It has been a despicable act. • Despicable means very bad.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Tilok want to eat all the deserts. • Tilok wants to eat all the desserts. • Dessert means sweets served after meal.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

This solder has dessert. • This soldier has deserted • Desert means to run away

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

He had a diabolic plan just now. • He has a diabolic plan just now. • Diabolic means very wicked.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

In business, the devil takes the hindmost. • In business, the devil take the hindmost. • The idiom : the devil takes the hindmost – means to take care of oneself and not to bother about others.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

I had a dice situation • I had a dicey situation • Dicey means risky

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Muslim womans wear diaphanous veil • Muslim women wear diaphanous veil • Diaphanous means transparent • Veil means GHUNGHAT

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Jyoti and Shruti diffidents girls. • Jyoti and Shruti are diffident girls. • Diffident means able and competent, but lacking in confidence.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Sumit is a dipsomaniac boy. • Sumit is a dipsomaniac (who drinks a lot).

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

This comapany are in dired strait. • This company is in dire straits. • Dire straits means in a very difficult situaiton.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Prateek disconcert everyone with questions. • Prateek disconcerts everyone with questions. • Disconcert means to confuse / to embarrass.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Can Manmohan disentangle from Sonia? • Can Manmohan disentangle himself from Sonia? • Disentangle means to get separated.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Ditch • To cheat

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Divulge • To reveal a secret

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Dolt • I am a dolt • A dolt person is not liked by any person • Dolt means STUPID

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Double entendre • Many hindi words have double entendre.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Dorsal • Back side

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Downcast • Why are you looking so downcast • Looking downward

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Dough • Make a dough from flour • Don’t you know how to make bread from dough.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Dozy • Today Bitthal is looking dozy. • Ready to sleep

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Downpour • There was a downpour in Mumbai. • Heavy rain

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Dreary • These classes are very dreary • Factories in old times used to be extremely dreary, where workers used to get tired. • Exhausting.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Dwindle • The level of coal is dwindling • The level of petrol is dwindling (reducing).

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Eclectic • Lalu is not eclectic, but there are many eclectic persons in our class – for example Abhilasha Such persons are having variety of styles.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Effervescent • Pradeep is an effervescent boy • Such person is always in a particular style. • What is that style: cheerful, smiling, lively

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Effigy • They were carrying effigy of Prime minister • Such a figure is generally made from cloth. • Carved face or structure

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Elegy • Some women were singing elegy. • Rudali film is all about elegy. • Song sung on death

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Elated • Have you seen your face, when you get the results – it is elated • Happy, victorious

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Elite • From upper class, from top class

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Elixir • Can you bring Elixir from Himalaya or from beneath the earth. • I want to get it so that I can convert my iron. • (sanjivini & Paras) something that can convert iron into gold. j

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Embroil Why do you embroil yourself in such petty matters. To get involved in unnecessary matters.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Emulate • Let us emulate Abhinav Bindra • To follow

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Enervate • After the class you are completely enervated, still Keshav enjoys TT. • Tired.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Engross • When Sumit gets a joke book, he gets completely engrossed. • To get involved.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Ennui • Do you get it when you come here? • With this, you cant enjoy your studies. • Boredom

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Entice • To tempt others.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Epic • Old monuments

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Entreat • Let us entreat Keshav for another party. • To request

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Epitome • Who is epitome among you? • But this will be clear after 3 months. • Ideal person, someone who is best from every perspective.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Esoteric • Is mathematics esoteric. • Is it such a subject, that only a few can study. • Something understood by a few persons

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Erudite • Sumit is erudite in our class. • He is a person, who is an ideal in one segment • Highly learned and knowledgeable person

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Evangelist • He tries to convert others. • He tries to save others from sin • This word is used for corporate sector also. • This person converts others into christian

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Euthanasia • It is well planned sometime. • It can be good for old people in difficult conditions. • Self death (planned).

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Euphemism • We use words, which are less negative or positive words for negative situation. • If you have to talk about death of someone, you will use this. • Use good word for bad situation

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Evanescent • Momentary

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Exacerbate • Good friends don’t exacerbate the difficulties. • However, there are some persons in this class, who do it happily and enjoy. • It is like putting salt on burns. To create further difficulties

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Evict • Someone will come and evict you from my class. • Bitthal’s mobile evicts him from the class, and the helicopter evicts flood victims.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Exalt • I have exalted Keshav too much. • So, if you are exalted, come down to earth and start working hard.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Exasperate • Abhilasha is looking exasperated. • To irritated or annoyed or angry

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Escoriate • Don’t escoriate your friends – as you are doing now. • Politicians do it regularly. • To criticise

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Exert • Exert yourself • To try and work hard

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Excursion • Picnic / trip

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Expatiate • After 3 years, I shall invite you to expatiate about your experience here during these days. • Do you do it at your home. • To explain in detail

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Exiguous • Dolly eats exiguous food (very less)

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Explicable • Which can be explained

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Expedite • Expedite now, exams are coming • To speed up

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Expunge • He had to expunge some parts from book, because people protested it. • To remove from books

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Extravagant • Someone who spends a lot of money.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Extirpate • Let us extirpate poverty. • To remove from roots.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Exult • We should feel exulted, because, some of you are going to make a big big success • To feel happy

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Extricate • Can you extricate yourself from class. • To save oneself or remove from a problem.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

ABOUT AFTERSCHO☺OL Afterschoool conducts three year integrated PGPSE (after class 12th along with IAS / CA / CS) and 18 month PGPSE (Post Graduate Programme in Social Entrepreneurship) along with preparation for CS / CFP / CFA /CMA / FRM. This course is also available online also. It also conducts workshops on social entrepreneurship in schools and colleges all over India – start social entrepreneurship club in your institution today with the help from afterschoool and help us in developing society.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Why such a programme? • To promote people to take up entrepreneurship and help develop the society • To enable people to take up franchising and other such options to start a business / social development project • To enable people to take up social development as their mission • To enable people to promote spirituality and positive thinking in the world www.afterschoool.tk

AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Who are our supporters? • Afterschoolians, our past beneficiaries, entrepreneurs and social entrepreneurs are supporting us. • You can also support us – not necessarily by money – but by being promotor of our concept and our ideas.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

About AFTERSCHO☺OL PGPSE – the best programme for developing great entrepreneurs • • • • •

Most flexible, adaptive but rigorous programme Available in distance learning mode Case study focused- latest cases Industry oriented practical curriculum Designed to make you entrepreneurs – not just an employee • Option to take up part time job – so earn while you learn • The only absolutely free course on internet www.afterschoool.tk

AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Workshops from AFTERSCHO☺OL • • • • • • • • •

IIF, Delhi CIPS, Jaipur ICSI Hyderabad Branch Gyan Vihar, Jaipur Apex Institute of Management, Jaipur Aravali Institute of Management, Jodhpur Xavier Institute of Management, Bhubaneshwar Pacific Institute, Udaipur Engineering College, Hyderabad

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Flexible Specialisations: • • • • • • • • • •

Spiritualising business and society Rural development and transformation HRD and Education, Social Development NGO and voluntary work Investment analysis,microfinance and inclusion Retail sector, BPO, KPO Accounting & Information system (with CA / CS /CMA) Hospital management and Health care Hospitality sector and culture and heritage Other sectors of high growth, high technology and social relevance

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Salient features: • The only programme of its kind (in the whole world) • No publicity and low profile course • For those who want to achieve success in life – not just a degree • Flexible – you may stay for a month and continue the rest of the education by distance mode. / you may attend weekend classes • Scholarships for those from poor economic background • Latest and constantly changing curriculum – keeping pace with the time • Placement for those who are interested • Admissions open throughout the year • Latest and most advanced technologies, books and study material www.afterschoool.tk

AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Components • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Pedagogy curriculum and approach based on IIM Ahmedabad and ISB Hyderabad (the founder is alumnus from IIMA & ISB Hyderabad) Meditation, spiritualisation, and self development Essential softwares for business Business plan, Research projects Participation in conferences / seminars Workshops on leadership, team building etc. Written submissions of research projects/articles / papers Interview of entrepreneurs, writing biographies of entrepreneurs Editing of journals / newsletters Consultancy / research projects Assignments, communication skill workshops Participation in conferences and seminars Group discussions, mock interviews, self development diaryng Mind Power Training & writing workshop (by Dr. T.K.Jain)

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Pedagogy • • • • • • • • •

Case analysis, Articles from Harvard Business Review Quiz, seminars, workshops, games, Visits to entrepreneurs and industrial visits Presentations, Latest audio-visuals Group discussions and group projects Periodic self assessment Mentoring and counselling Study exchange programme (with institutions out of India) • Rural development / Social welfare projects www.afterschoool.tk

AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Branches • AFTERSCHO☺OL will shortly open its branches in important cities in India including Delhi, Kota, Mumbai, Gurgaon and other important cities. Afterschooolians will be responsible for managing and developing these branches – and for promoting social entrepreneurs.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Case Studies • We want to write case studies on social entrepreneurs, first generation entrepreneurs, ethical entrepreneurs. Please help us in this process. Help us to be in touch with entrepreneurs, so that we may develop entrepreneurs.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Basic values at AFTERSCHO☺OL • • • • • •

Share to learn more Interact to develop yourself Fear is your worst enemy Make mistakes to learn Study & discuss in a group Criticism is the healthy route to mutual support and help • Ask fundamental questions : why, when, how & where? • Embrace change – and compete with yourself only www.afterschoool.tk

AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk social entrepreneurship for better society

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS