Edom

Esau Himself Two nations are in thy womb, and two manner of people shall be separated from thy bowels; and the one people shall be stronger than the other people; and the elder shall serve the younger. Genesis 25:19–30: 19 And these are THE GENERATIONS OF ISAAC, Abraham’s son: Abraham begat Isaac: 20 And Isaac was forty years old when he took Rebekah to wife, the daughter of Bethuel the Syrian of Padan-aram, the sister to Laban the Syrian. 21 And Isaac intreated the LORD for his wife, because she was barren: and the LORD was intreated of him, and Rebekah his wife conceived. 22 And the children struggled together within her; and she said, “If it be so, why am I thus?” And she went to enquire of the LORD . 23 And the LORD said unto her, “Two nations are in thy womb, and two manner of people shall be separated from thy bowels; and the one people shall be stronger than the other people; and the elder shall serve the younger.” 24 And when her days to be delivered were fulfilled, behold, there were twins in her womb. 25 And the first came out red, all over like an hairy garment; and they called his name Esau. 26 And after that came his brother out, and his hand took hold on Esau’s heel; and his name was called Jacob: and Isaac was threescore years old when she bare them. 27 And the boys grew: and Esau was a cunning hunter, a man of the field; and Jacob was a plain man, dwelling in tents. 28 And Isaac loved Esau, because he did eat of his venison: but Rebekah loved Jacob. 29 And Jacob sod pottage: and Esau came from the field, and he was faint: 30 And Esau said to Jacob, “Feed me, I pray thee, with that same red pottage; for I am faint:” therefore was his name called Edom. 31 And Jacob said, “Sell me this day thy birthright.” 32 And Esau said, “Behold, I am at the point to die: and what profit shall this birthright do to me?” 33 And Jacob said, “Swear to me this day; and he sware unto him: and he sold his birthright unto Jacob.” 34 Then Jacob gave Esau bread and pottage of lentiles; and he did eat and drink, and rose up, and went his way: thus Esau despised his birthright. Isaac’s Blessing to Jacob and Esau Genesis 26:34–28:9: 34 And Esau was forty years old when he took to wife Judith the daughter of Beeri the Hittite, and Bashemath the daughter of Elon the Hittite: 35 Which were a grief of mind unto Isaac and to Rebekah. 1 And it came to pass, that when Isaac was old, and his eyes were dim, so that he could not see, he called Esau his eldest son, and said unto him, “My son:” and he said unto him, “Behold, here am I.” 2 And he said, “Behold now, I am old, I know not the day of my death: 3 Now therefore take, I pray thee, thy weapons, thy quiver and thy bow, and go out to the field, and take me some venison; 4 And make me savoury meat, such as I love, and bring it to me, that I may eat; that my soul may bless thee before I die.” 5 And Rebekah heard when Isaac spake to Esau his son. And Esau went to the field to hunt for venison, and to bring it. 6 And Rebekah spake unto Jacob her son, saying, “Behold, I heard thy father speak unto Esau thy brother, saying, 7 ‘Bring me venison, and make me savoury meat, that I may eat, and bless thee before the LORD before my death.’ 8 Now therefore, my son, obey my voice according to that which I command thee. 9 Go now to the flock, and fetch me from thence two good kids of the

goats; and I will make them savoury meat for thy father, such as he loveth: 10 And thou shalt bring it to thy father, that he may eat, and that he may bless thee before his death.’ 11 And Jacob said to Rebekah his mother, “Behold, Esau my brother is a hairy man, and I am a smooth man: 12 My father peradventure will feel me, and I shall seem to him as a deceiver; and I shall bring a curse upon me, and not a blessing.” 13 And his mother said unto him, “Upon me be thy curse, my son: only obey my voice, and go fetch me them.” 14 And he went, and fetched, and brought them to his mother: and his mother made savoury meat, such as his father loved. 15 And Rebekah took goodly raiment of her eldest son Esau, which were with her in the house, and put them upon Jacob her younger son: 16 And she put the skins of the kids of the goats upon his hands, and upon the smooth of his neck: 17 And she gave the savoury meat and the bread, which she had prepared, into the hand of her son Jacob. 18 And he came unto his father, and said, “My father:” and he said, “Here am I; who art thou, my son?” 19 And Jacob said unto his father, “I am Esau thy firstborn; I have done according as thou badest me: arise, I pray thee, sit and eat of my venison, that thy soul may bless me.” 20 And Isaac said unto his son, “How is it that thou hast found it so quickly, my son?” And he said, Because the LORD thy God brought it to me. 21 And Isaac said unto Jacob, “Come near, I pray thee, that I may feel thee, my son, whether thou be my very son Esau or not.” 22 And Jacob went near unto Isaac his father; and he felt him, and said, “The voice is Jacob’s voice, but the hands are the hands of Esau.” 23 And he discerned him not, because his hands were hairy, as his brother Esau’s hands: so he blessed him. 24 And he said, “Art thou my very son Esau?” And he said, “I am.” 25 And he said, “Bring it near to me, and I will eat of my son’s venison, that my soul may bless thee.” And he brought it near to him, and he did eat: and he brought him wine, and he drank. 26 And his father Isaac said unto him, “Come near now, and kiss me, my son.” 27 And he came near, and kissed him: and he smelled the smell of his raiment, and blessed him, and said, “See, the smell of my son is as the smell of a field which the LORD hath blessed: 28 Therefore God give thee of the dew of heaven, and the fatness of the earth, and plenty of corn and wine: 29 Let people serve thee, and nations bow down to thee: be lord over thy brethren, and let thy mother’s sons bow down to thee: cursed be every one that curseth thee, and blessed be he that blesseth thee. 30 And it came to pass, as soon as Isaac had made an end of blessing Jacob, and Jacob was yet scarce gone out from the presence of Isaac his father, that Esau his brother came in from his hunting. 31 And he also had made savoury meat, and brought it unto his father, and said unto his father, “Let my father arise, and eat of his son’s venison, that thy soul may bless me.” 32 And Isaac his father said unto him, “Who art thou?” And he said, “I am thy son, thy firstborn Esau.” 33 And Isaac trembled very exceedingly, and said, “Who? where is he that hath taken venison, and brought it me, and I have eaten of all before thou camest, and have blessed him? yea, and he shall be blessed.” 34 And when Esau heard the words of his father, he cried with a great and exceeding bitter cry, and said unto his father, “Bless me, even me also, O my father.” 35 And he said, “Thy brother came with subtilty, and hath taken away thy blessing.” 36 And he said, “Is not he rightly named Jacob? for he hath supplanted me these two times: he took away my birthright; and, behold, now he hath taken away my blessing.” And he said, “Hast thou not reserved a blessing for me?” 37 And Isaac answered and said unto Esau, “Behold, I have made him thy lord, and all his brethren have I given to him for servants; and with corn and wine have I sustained him: and what shall I do now unto thee, my son?” 38 And Esau said unto his father, “Hast thou but one blessing, my father? bless me, even me also, O my father.” And Esau lifted up his voice, and wept. 39 And Isaac his father answered and said unto him, “Behold, thy dwelling shall be the fatness of the earth, and of the dew of heaven from above; 40 And by thy

sword shalt thou live, and shalt serve thy brother; and it shall come to pass when thou shalt have the dominion, that thou shalt break his yoke from off thy neck.” 41 And Esau hated Jacob because of the blessing wherewith his father blessed him: and Esau said in his heart, “The days of mourning for my father are at hand; then will I slay my brother Jacob.” 42 And these words of Esau her elder son were told to Rebekah: and she sent and called Jacob her younger son, and said unto him, Behold, thy brother Esau, as touching thee, doth comfort himself, purposing to kill thee. 43 Now therefore, my son, obey my voice; and arise, flee thou to Laban my brother to Haran; 44 And tarry with him a few days, until thy brother’s fury turn away; 45 Until thy brother’s anger turn away from thee, and he forget that which thou hast done to him: then I will send, and fetch thee from thence: why should I be deprived also of you both in one day?” 46 And Rebekah said to Isaac, “I am weary of my life because of the daughters of Heth: if Jacob take a wife of the daughters of Heth, such as these which are of the daughters of the land, what good shall my life do me?” 1 And Isaac called Jacob, and blessed him, and charged him, and said unto him, Thou shalt not take a wife of the daughters of Canaan. 2 Arise, go to Padan-aram, to the house of Bethuel thy mother’s father; and take thee a wife from thence of the daughters of Laban thy mother’s brother. 3 And GOD ALMIGHTY bless thee, and make thee fruitful, and multiply thee, that thou mayest be a multitude of people; 4 And give thee the blessing of Abraham, to thee, and to thy seed with thee; that thou mayest inherit the land wherein thou art a stranger, which God gave unto Abraham.” 5 And Isaac sent away Jacob: and he went to Padan-aram unto Laban, son of Bethuel the Syrian, the brother of Rebekah, Jacob’s and Esau’s mother. 6 When Esau saw that Isaac had blessed Jacob, and sent him away to Padanaram, to take him a wife from thence; and that as he blessed him he gave him a charge, saying, “Thou shalt not take a wife of the daughters of Canaan;” 7 And that Jacob obeyed his father and his mother, and was gone to Padan-aram; 8 And Esau seeing that the daughters of Canaan pleased not Isaac his father; 9 Then went Esau unto Ishmael, and took unto the wives which he had Mahalath the daughter of Ishmael Abraham’s son, the sister of Nebajoth, to be his wife. Jacob and Esau Reunite Genesis 32:3–33:16: 3 And Jacob sent messengers before him to Esau his brother unto the land of Seir, the country of Edom. 4 And he commanded them, saying, “Thus shall ye speak unto my lord Esau;” Thy servant Jacob saith thus, “I have sojourned with Laban, and stayed there until now: 5 And I have oxen, and asses, flocks, and menservants, and womenservants: and I have sent to tell my lord, that I may find grace in thy sight.” 6 And the messengers returned to Jacob, saying, “We came to thy brother Esau, and also he cometh to meet thee, and four hundred men with him.” 7 Then Jacob was greatly afraid and distressed: and he divided the people that was with him, and the flocks, and herds, and the camels, into two bands; 8 And said, “If Esau come to the one company, and smite it, then the other company which is left shall escape.” 9 And Jacob said, “O God of my father Abraham, and God of my father Isaac, the LORD which saidst unto me, ‘Return unto thy country, and to thy kindred, and I will deal well with thee:’ 10 I am not worthy of the least of all the mercies, and of all the truth, which Thou hast shewed unto Thy servant; for with my staff I passed over this Jordan; and now I am become two bands. 11 Deliver me, I pray thee, from the hand of my brother, from the hand of Esau: for I fear him, lest he will come and smite me, and the mother with the children. 12 And thou saidst, “I will surely do thee good, and make thy seed as the sand of the sea, which cannot be numbered for multitude.’” 13 And he lodged

there that same night; and took of that which came to his hand a present for Esau his brother; 14 Two hundred she goats, and twenty he goats, two hundred ewes, and twenty rams, 15 Thirty milch camels with their colts, forty kine, and ten bulls, twenty she asses, and ten foals. 16 And he delivered them into the hand of his servants, every drove by themselves; and said unto his servants, “Pass over before me, and put a space betwixt drove and drove.” 17 And he commanded the foremost, saying, “When Esau my brother meeteth thee, and asketh thee, saying, ‘Whose art thou? and whither goest thou? and whose are these before thee?’ 18 Then thou shalt say, ‘They be thy servant Jacob’s; it is a present sent unto my lord Esau: and, behold, also he is behind us.’” 19 And so commanded he the second, and the third, and all that followed the droves, saying, “On this manner shall ye speak unto Esau, when ye find him. 20 And say ye moreover, ‘Behold, thy servant Jacob is behind us.’” For he said, “I will appease him with the present that goeth before me, and afterward I will see his face; peradventure he will accept of me.” 21 So went the present over before him: and himself lodged that night in the company. 22 And he rose up that night, and took his two wives, and his two womenservants, and his eleven sons, and passed over the ford Jabbok. 23 And he took them, and sent them over the brook, and sent over that he had. 24 And Jacob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. 25 And when He saw that He prevailed not against him, He touched the hollow of his thigh; and the hollow of Jacob’s thigh was out of joint, as He wrestled with him. 26 And He said, “Let me go, for the day breaketh.” And he said, “I will not let Thee go, except Thou bless me.” 27 And He said unto him, “What is thy name?” And he said, “Jacob.” 28 And He said, “Thy name shall be called no more Jacob, but Israel: for as a prince hast thou power with God and with men, and hast prevailed.” 29 And Jacob asked Him, and said, “Tell me, I pray Thee, Thy name.” And He said, “Wherefore is it that thou dost ask after My name?” And He blessed him there. 30 And Jacob called the name of the place Peniel: “for I have seen God face to face, and my life is preserved.” 31 And as he passed over Penuel the sun rose upon him, and he halted upon his thigh. 32 Therefore the children of Israel eat not of the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day: because He touched the hollow of Jacob’s thigh in the sinew that shrank. 1 And Jacob lifted up his eyes, and looked, and, behold, Esau came, and with him four hundred men. And he divided the children unto Leah, and unto Rachel, and unto the two handmaids. 2 And he put the handmaids and their children foremost, and Leah and her children after, and Rachel and Joseph hindermost. 3 And he passed over before them, and bowed himself to the ground seven times, until he came near to his brother. 4 And Esau ran to meet him, and embraced him, and fell on his neck, and kissed him: and they wept. 5 And he lifted up his eyes, and saw the women and the children; and said, “Who are those with thee?” And he said, “The children which God hath graciously given thy servant.” 6 Then the handmaidens came near, they and their children, and they bowed themselves. 7 And Leah also with her children came near, and bowed themselves: and after came Joseph near and Rachel, and they bowed themselves. 8 And he said, “What meanest thou by all this drove which I met?” And he said, “These are to find grace in the sight of my lord.” 9 And Esau said, “I have enough, my brother; keep that thou hast unto thyself.” 10 And Jacob said, “Nay, I pray thee, if now I have found grace in thy sight, then receive my present at my hand: for therefore I have seen thy face, as though I had seen the face of God, and thou wast pleased with me. 11 Take, I pray thee, my blessing that is brought to thee; because God hath dealt graciously with me, and because I have enough.” And he urged him, and he took it. 12 And he said, “Let us take our journey, and let us go, and I will go before thee.” 13 And he said unto him, “My lord knoweth that the children are tender, and the flocks and herds

with young are with me: and if men should overdrive them one day, all the flock will die. 14 Let my lord, I pray thee, pass over before his servant: and I will lead on softly, according as the cattle that goeth before me and the children be able to endure, until I come unto my lord unto Seir.” 15 And Esau said, “Let me now leave with thee some of the folk that are with me.” And he said, “What needeth it? let me find grace in the sight of my lord.” 16 So Esau returned that day on his way unto Seir. When Jacob Fled From Esau Genesis 35:1: 1 And God said unto Jacob, “Arise, go up to Beth-el, and dwell there: and make there an altar unto GOD, That appeared unto thee when thou fleddest from the face of Esau thy brother.” Jacob and Esau Bury Isaac Genesis 35:29: 29 And Isaac gave up the ghost, and died, and was gathered unto his people, being old and full of days: and his sons Esau and Jacob buried him. Paul Mentions Esau Romans 9:10–15: 10 And not only this; but when Rebecca also had conceived by one, even by our father Isaac; 11 (For the children being not yet born, neither having done any good or evil, that the purpose of God according to election might stand, not of works, but of Him That calleth;) 12 It was said unto her, “The elder shall serve the younger.” 13 As it is written, “Jacob have I loved, but Esau have I hated.” 14 What shall we say then? Is there unrighteousness with God? God forbid. 15 For He saith to Moses, “I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion.” Hebrews 11:20: 20 By faith Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau concerning things to come. Hebrews 12:14–17: 14 Follow peace with all men, and holiness, without which no man shall see the LORD : 15 Looking diligently lest any man fail of the grace of God; lest any root of bitterness springing up trouble you, and thereby many be defiled; 16 Lest there be any fornicator, or profane person, as Esau, who for one morsel of meat sold his birthright. 17 For ye know how that afterward, when he would have inherited the blessing, he was rejected: for he found no place of repentance, though he sought it carefully with tears.

Notable Edomites The Book of Job Eliphaz is identified as a Temanite. Doeg I Samuel 21:7–22:23: 7 Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before the LORD ; and his name was Doeg, an Edomite, the chiefest of the herdmen that belonged to Saul. 8 And David said unto Ahimelech, “And is there not here under thine hand spear or sword? for I have neither brought my sword nor my weapons with me, because the king’s business required haste.” 9 And the priest said, “The sword of Goliath the Philistine, whom thou slewest in the valley of Elah, behold, it is here wrapped in a cloth behind the ephod: if thou wilt take that, take it: for there is no other save that here.” And David said, “There is none like that; give it me.” 10 And David arose, and fled that day for fear of Saul, and went to Achish the king of Gath. 11 And the servants of Achish said unto him, “Is not this David the king of the land? did they not sing one to another of him in dances, saying, ‘Saul hath slain his thousands, and David his ten thousands?’” 12 And David laid up these words in his heart, and was sore afraid of Achish the king of Gath. 13 And he changed his behaviour before them, and feigned himself mad in their hands, and scrabbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down upon his beard. 14 Then said Achish unto his servants, “Lo, ye see the man is mad: wherefore then have ye brought him to me? 15 Have I need of mad men, that ye have brought this fellow to play the mad man in my presence? shall this fellow come into my house?” 1 David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brethren and all his father’s house heard it, they went down thither to him. 2 And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men. 3 And David went thence to Mizpeh of Moab: and he said unto the king of Moab, “Let my father and my mother, I pray thee, come forth, and be with you, till I know what God will do for me.” 4 And he brought them before the king of Moab: and they dwelt with him all the while that David was in the hold. 5 And the prophet Gad said unto David, “Abide not in the hold; depart, and get thee into the land of Judah.” Then David departed, and came into the forest of Hareth. 6 When Saul heard that David was discovered, and the men that were with him, (now Saul abode in Gibeah under a tree in Ramah, having his spear in his hand, and all his servants were standing about him;) 7 Then Saul said unto his servants that stood about him, “Hear now, ye Benjamites; will the son of Jesse give every one of you fields and vineyards, and make you all captains of thousands, and captains of hundreds; 8 That all of you have conspired against me, and there is none that sheweth me that my son hath made a league with the son of Jesse, and there is none of you that is sorry for me, or sheweth unto me that my son hath stirred up my servant against me, to lie in wait, as at this day?” 9 Then answered Doeg the Edomite, which was set over the servants of Saul, and said, “I saw the son of Jesse coming to Nob, to Ahimelech the son of Ahitub. 10 And he enquired of the LORD for him, and gave him victuals, and gave him the sword of Goliath the Philistine.” 11 Then the king sent to call Ahimelech the priest, the son of Ahitub, and all his father’s house, the priests that were in

Nob: and they came all of them to the king. 12 And Saul said, “Hear now, thou son of Ahitub.” And he answered, “Here I am, my lord.” 13 And Saul said unto him, “Why have ye conspired against me, thou and the son of Jesse, in that thou hast given him bread, and a sword, and hast enquired of God for him, that he should rise against me, to lie in wait, as at this day?” 14 Then Ahimelech answered the king, and said, “And who is so faithful among all thy servants as David, which is the king’s son in law, and goeth at thy bidding, and is honourable in thine house? 15 Did I then begin to enquire of God for him? be it far from me: let not the king impute any thing unto his servant, nor to all the house of my father: for thy servant knew nothing of all this, less or more.” 16 And the king said, “Thou shalt surely die, Ahimelech, thou, and all thy father’s house.” 17 And the king said unto the footmen that stood about him, “Turn, and slay the priests of the LORD ; because their hand also is with David, and because they knew when he fled, and did not shew it to me.” But the servants of the king would not put forth their hand to fall upon the priests of the LORD . 18 And the king said to Doeg, “Turn thou, and fall upon the priests.” And Doeg the Edomite turned, and he fell upon the priests, and slew on that day fourscore and five persons that did wear a linen ephod. 19 And Nob, the city of the priests, smote he with the edge of the sword, both men and women, children and sucklings, and oxen, and asses, and sheep, with the edge of the sword. 20 And one of the sons of Ahimelech the son of Ahitub, named Abiathar, escaped, and fled after David. 21 And Abiathar shewed David that Saul had slain the LORD ’S priests. 22 And David said unto Abiathar, “I knew it that day, when Doeg the Edomite was there, that he would surely tell Saul: I have occasioned the death of all the persons of thy father’s house. 23 Abide thou with me, fear not: for he that seeketh my life seeketh thy life: but with me thou shalt be in safeguard.” Psalm 52:1–9: Maschil, A Psalm of David, when Doeg the Edomite came and told Saul, and said unto him, David is come to the house of Ahimelech. 1 Why boastest thou thyself in mischief, O mighty man? the goodness of God endureth continually. 2 Thy tongue deviseth mischiefs; like a sharp razor, working deceitfully. 3 Thou lovest evil more than good; and lying rather than to speak righteousness. Selah. 4 Thou lovest all devouring words, O thou deceitful tongue. 5 GOD shall likewise destroy thee for ever, He shall take thee away, and pluck thee out of thy dwelling place, and root thee out of the land of the living. Selah. 6 The righteous also shall see, and fear, and shall laugh at him: 7 Lo, this is the man that made not God his strength; but trusted in the abundance of his riches, and strengthened himself in his wickedness. 8 But I am like a green olive tree in the house of God: I trust in the mercy of God for ever and ever. 9 I will praise Thee for ever, because Thou hast done it: and I will wait on Thy name; for it is good before Thy saints. 1 To the chief Musician upon Mahalath. David and the Amalekite II Samuel 1:8–13: 8 And he said unto me, “Who art thou?” And I answered him, “I am an Amalekite.” 9 He said unto me again, “Stand, I pray thee, upon me, and slay me: for anguish is come upon me, because my life is yet whole in me.” 10 So I stood upon him, and slew him, because I was sure that he could not live after that he was fallen: and I took the crown that was upon his head, and the bracelet that was on his arm, and have brought them hither unto my lord.” 11 Then David took hold on his clothes, and rent them; and likewise all the men that were with him: 12 And they mourned, and wept, and fasted until even, for Saul, and for Jonathan his

son, and for the people of the LORD , and for the house of Israel; because they were fallen by the sword. 13 And David said unto the young man that told him, “Whence art thou?” And he answered, “I am the son of a stranger, an Amalekite.” 14 And David said unto him, “How wast thou not afraid to stretch forth thine hand to destroy the LORD ’s anointed?” 15 And David called one of the young men, and said, “Go near, and fall upon him.” And he smote him that he died. 16 And David said unto him, “Thy blood be upon thy head; for thy mouth hath testified against thee, saying, ‘I have slain the LORD ’s anointed.’” Herod King Herod, in the New Testament, was an Edomite.

The Lands and Peoples of Edom (Amalek, Seir, Teman, Bozrah) Mentioned Genesis 14:6–8: 6 And the Horites in their mount Seir, unto El-paran, which is by the wilderness. 7 And they returned, and came to En-mishpat, which is Kadesh, and smote all the country of the Amalekites, and also the Amorites, that dwelt in Hazezon-tamar. 8 And there went out the king of Sodom, and the king of Gomorrah, and the king of Admah, and the king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela (the same is Zoar;) and they joined battle with them in the vale of Siddim; Exodus 15:15–18: 15 Then the dukes of Edom shall be amazed; the mighty men of Moab, trembling shall take hold upon them; all the inhabitants of Canaan shall melt away. 16 Fear and dread shall fall upon them; by the greatness of Thine arm they shall be as still as a stone; Till thy people pass over, O LORD , till the people pass over, which Thou hast purchased. 17 Thou shalt bring them in, and plant them in the mountain of Thine inheritance, In the place, O LORD , which Thou has made for Thee to dwell in, In the Sanctuary, O LORD , which Thy hands have established. 18 The LORD shall reign for ever and ever. 19 For the horse of Pharaoh went in with his chariots and with his horsemen into the sea, and the LORD brought again the waters of the sea upon them; but the children of Israel went on dry land in the midst of the sea. Exodus 17:8–16: 8 Then came Amalek, and fought with Israel in Rephidim. 9 And Moses said unto Joshua, “Choose us out men, and go out, fight with Amalek: to morrow I will stand on the top of the hill with the rod of God in mine hand.” 10 So Joshua did as Moses had said to him, and fought with Amalek: and Moses, Aaron, and Hur went up to the top of the hill. 11 And it came to pass, when Moses held up his hand, that Israel prevailed: and when he let down his hand, Amalek prevailed. 12 But Moses’ hands were heavy; and they took a stone, and put it under him, and he sat thereon; and Aaron and Hur stayed up his hands, the one on the one side, and the other on the other side; and his hands were steady until the going down of the sun. 13 And Joshua discomfited Amalek and his people with the edge of the sword. 14 And the LORD said unto Moses, “Write this for a memorial in a book, and rehearse it in the ears of Joshua: for I will utterly put out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven.” 15 And Moses built an altar, and called the name of it Jehovah-nissi: 16 For he said, “Because the LORD hath sworn that the LORD will have war with Amalek from generation to generation. Numbers 13:29: 29 The Amalekites dwell in the land of the south: and the Hittites, and the Jebusites, and the Amorites, dwell in the mountains: and the Canaanites dwell by the sea, and by the coast of Jordan. Numbers 14:25–45: 25 (Now the Amalekites and the Canaanites dwelt in the valley.) “To morrow turn you, and get you into the wilderness by the way of the Red sea.” 26 And the LORD spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, saying, 27 “How long shall I bear with this evil congregation, which murmur against Me? I have heard the murmurings of the children of Israel, which they murmur against Me. 28 Say unto them, “As truly as I live, saith the LORD , as ye have spoken in Mine ears, so will I do to you: 29 Your carcases shall fall in this wilderness; and all that were numbered of you, according to your whole number, from twenty years old and upward, which have murmured against me, 30 Doubtless ye shall not come into the land, concerning which I

sware to make you dwell therein, save Caleb the son of Jephunneh, and Joshua the son of Nun. 31 But your little ones, which ye said should be a prey, them will I bring in, and they shall know the land which ye have despised. 32 But as for you, your carcases, they shall fall in this wilderness. 33 And your children shall wander in the wilderness forty years, and bear your whoredoms, until your carcases be wasted in the wilderness. 34 After the number of the days in which ye searched the land, even forty days, each day for a year, shall ye bear your iniquities, even forty years, and ye shall know my breach of promise.” 35 I the LORD have said, “I will surely do it unto all this evil congregation, that are gathered together against Me: in this wilderness they shall be consumed, and there they shall die.” 36 And the men, which Moses sent to search the land, who returned, and made all the congregation to murmur against him, by bringing up a slander upon the land, 37 Even those men that did bring up the evil report upon the land, died by the plague before the LORD . 38 But Joshua the son of Nun, and Caleb the son of Jephunneh, which were of the men that went to search the land, lived still. 39 And Moses told these sayings unto all the children of Israel: and the people mourned greatly. 40 And they rose up early in the morning, and gat them up into the top of the mountain, saying, “Lo, we be here, and will go up unto the place which the LORD hath promised: for we have sinned.” 41 And Moses said, “Wherefore now do ye transgress the commandment of the LORD ? but it shall not prosper. 42 Go not up, for the LORD is not among you; that ye be not smitten before your enemies. 43 For the Amalekites and the Canaanites are there before you, and ye shall fall by the sword: because ye are turned away from the LORD , therefore the LORD will not be with you.” 44 But they presumed to go up unto the hill top: nevertheless the ark of the covenant of the LORD , and Moses, departed not out of the camp. 45 Then the Amalekites came down, and the Canaanites which dwelt in that hill, and smote them, and discomfited them, even unto Hormah. Numbers 20:14–21:4: 14 And Moses sent messengers from Kadesh unto the king of Edom, “Thus saith thy brother Israel, ‘Thou knowest all the travail that hath befallen us: 15 How our fathers went down into Egypt, and we have dwelt in Egypt a long time; and the Egyptians vexed us, and our fathers: 16 And when we cried unto the LORD , He heard our voice, and sent an Angel, and hath brought us forth out of Egypt: and, behold, we are in Kadesh, a city in the uttermost of thy border: 17 Let us pass, I pray thee, through thy country: we will not pass through the fields, or through the vineyards, neither will we drink of the water of the wells: we will go by the king’s high way, we will not turn to the right hand nor to the left, until we have passed thy borders.’” 18 And Edom said unto him, “Thou shalt not pass by me, lest I come out against thee with the sword.” 19 And the children of Israel said unto him, “We will go by the high way: and if I and my cattle drink of thy water, then I will pay for it: I will only, without doing any thing else, go through on my feet.” 20 And he said, “Thou shalt not go through.” And Edom came out against him with much people, and with a strong hand. 21 Thus Edom refused to give Israel passage through his border: wherefore Israel turned away from him. 22 And the children of Israel, even the whole congregation, journeyed from Kadesh, and came unto mount Hor. 23 And the LORD spake unto Moses and Aaron in mount Hor, by the coast of the land of Edom, saying, 24 “Aaron shall be gathered unto his people: for he shall not enter into the land which I have given unto the children of Israel, because ye rebelled against my word at the water of Meribah. 25 Take Aaron and Eleazar his son, and bring them up unto mount Hor: 26 And strip Aaron of his garments, and put them upon Eleazar his son: and Aaron shall be gathered unto his people, and shall die there.” 27 And Moses did as the LORD commanded: and they went up into mount Hor in the sight of all

the congregation. 28 And Moses stripped Aaron of his garments, and put them upon Eleazar his son; and Aaron died there in the top of the mount: and Moses and Eleazar came down from the mount. 29 And when all the congregation saw that Aaron was dead, they mourned for Aaron thirty days, even all the house of Israel. 1 And when king Arad the Canaanite, which dwelt in the south, heard tell that Israel came by the way of the spies; then he fought against Israel, and took some of them prisoners. 2 And Israel vowed a vow unto the LORD , and said, “If Thou wilt indeed deliver this people into my hand, then I will utterly destroy their cities.” 3 And the LORD hearkened to the voice of Israel, and delivered up the Canaanites; and they utterly destroyed them and their cities: and he called the name of the place Hormah. 4 And they journeyed from mount Hor by the way of the Red sea, to compass the land of Edom: and the soul of the people was much discouraged because of the way. Numbers 33:37: 37 And they removed from Kadesh, and pitched in mount Hor, in the edge of the land of Edom. Numbers 34:3: 3 Then your south quarter shall be from the wilderness of Zin along by the coast of Edom, and your south border shall be the outmost coast of the salt sea eastward: Deuteronomy 1:1–2: 1 These be the words which Moses spake unto all Israel on this side Jordan in the wilderness, in the plain over against the Red sea, between Paran, and Tophel, and Laban, and Hazeroth, and Dizahab. 2 (There are eleven days’ journey from Horeb by the way of mount Seir unto Kadesh-barnea.) Deuteronomy 1:44–2:37: 44 And the Amorites, which dwelt in that mountain, came out against you, and chased you, as bees do, and destroyed you in Seir, even unto Hormah. 45 And ye returned and wept before the LORD ; but the LORD would not hearken to your voice, nor give ear unto you. 46 So ye abode in Kadesh many days, according unto the days that ye abode there. 1 Then we turned, and took our journey into the wilderness by the way of the Red sea, as the LORD spake unto me: and we compassed mount Seir many days. 2 And the LORD spake unto me, saying, 3 ‘Ye have compassed this mountain long enough: turn you northward. 4 And command thou the people, saying, ‘Ye are to pass through the coast of your brethren the children of Esau, which dwell in Seir; and they shall be afraid of you: take ye good heed unto yourselves therefore: 5 Meddle not with them; for I will not give you of their land, no, not so much as a foot breadth; because I have given mount Seir unto Esau for a possession. 6 Ye shall buy meat of them for money, that ye may eat; and ye shall also buy water of them for money, that ye may drink. 7 For the LORD thy God hath blessed thee in all the works of thy hand: He knoweth thy walking through this great wilderness: these forty years the LORD thy God hath been with thee; thou hast lacked nothing.’ ‘ 8 And when we passed by from our brethren the children of Esau, which dwelt in Seir, through the way of the plain from Elath, and from Ezion-gaber, we turned and passed by the way of the wilderness of Moab. 9 And the LORD said unto me, ‘Distress not the Moabites, neither contend with them in battle: for I will not give thee of their land for a possession; because I have given Ar unto the children of Lot for a possession.’ 10 The Emims dwelt therein in times past, a people great, and many, and tall, as the Anakims; 11 Which also were accounted giants, as the Anakims; but the Moabites call them Emims. 12 The Horims also dwelt in Seir beforetime; but the children of Esau succeeded them, when they had destroyed them from before them, and

dwelt in their stead; as Israel did unto the land of his possession, which the LORD gave unto them. 13 ‘Now rise up,’ said I, ‘and get you over the brook Zered.’ And we went over the brook Zered. 14 And the space in which we came from Kadesh-barnea, until we were come over the brook Zered, was thirty and eight years; until all the generation of the men of war were wasted out from among the host, as the LORD sware unto them. 15 For indeed the hand of the LORD was against them, to destroy them from among the host, until they were consumed. 16 So it came to pass, when all the men of war were consumed and dead from among the people, 17 That the LORD spake unto me, saying, 18 ‘Thou art to pass over through Ar, the coast of Moab, this day: 19 And when thou comest nigh over against the children of Ammon, distress them not, nor meddle with them: for I will not give thee of the land of the children of Ammon any possession; because I have given it unto the children of Lot for a possession. 20 (That also was accounted a land of giants: giants dwelt therein in old time; and the Ammonites call them Zamzummims; 21 A people great, and many, and tall, as the Anakims; but the LORD destroyed them before them; and they succeeded them, and dwelt in their stead: 22 As he did to the children of Esau, which dwelt in Seir, when He destroyed the Horims from before them; and they succeeded them, and dwelt in their stead even unto this day: 23 And the Avims which dwelt in Hazerim, even unto Azzah, the Caphtorims, which came forth out of Caphtor, destroyed them, and dwelt in their stead.) 24 Rise ye up, take your journey, and pass over the river Arnon: behold, I have given into thine hand Sihon the Amorite, king of Heshbon, and his land: begin to possess it, and contend with him in battle. 25 This day will I begin to put the dread of thee and the fear of thee upon the nations that are under the whole heaven, who shall hear report of thee, and shall tremble, and be in anguish because of thee.’ 26 And I sent messengers out of the wilderness of Kedemoth unto Sihon king of Heshbon with words of peace, saying, 27 “Let me pass through thy land: I will go along by the high way, I will neither turn unto the right hand nor to the left. 28 Thou shalt sell me meat for money, that I may eat; and give me water for money, that I may drink: only I will pass through on my feet; 29 (As the children of Esau which dwell in Seir, and the Moabites which dwell in Ar, did unto me;) until I shall pass over Jordan into the land which the LORD our God giveth us.’ 30 But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him: for the LORD thy God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, that He might deliver him into thy hand, as appeareth this day. 31 And the LORD said unto me, ‘Behold, I have begun to give Sihon and his land before thee: begin to possess, that thou mayest inherit his land. 32 Then Sihon came out against us, he and all his people, to fight at Jahaz. 33 And the LORD our God delivered him before us; and we smote him, and his sons, and all his people. 34 And we took all his cities at that time, and utterly destroyed the men, and the women, and the little ones, of every city, we left none to remain: 35 Only the cattle we took for a prey unto ourselves, and the spoil of the cities which we took. 36 From Aroer, which is by the brink of the river of Arnon, and from the city that is by the river, even unto Gilead, there was not one city too strong for us: the LORD our God delivered all unto us: 37 Only unto the land of the children of Ammon thou camest not, nor unto any place of the river Jabbok, nor unto the cities in the mountains, nor unto whatsoever the LORD our God forbad us. Deuteronomy 23:7: 7 Thou shalt not abhor an Edomite; for he is thy brother: thou shalt not abhor an Egyptian; because thou wast a stranger in his land. 8 The children that are begotten of them shall enter into the congregation of the LORD in their third generation.

Deuteronomy 25:17–19: 17 Remember what Amalek did unto thee by the way, when ye were come forth out of Egypt; 18 How he met thee by the way, and smote the hindmost of thee, even all that were feeble behind thee, when thou wast faint and weary; and he feared not God. 19 Therefore it shall be, when the LORD thy God hath given thee rest from all thine enemies round about, in the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance to possess it, that thou shalt blot out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven; thou shalt not forget it. Deuteronomy 33:1–5: 1 And this is the blessing, wherewith Moses the man of God blessed the children of Israel before his death. 2 And he said, “The LORD came from Sinai, and rose up from Seir unto them; He shined forth from mount Paran, and He came with ten thousands of saints: from His right hand went a fiery law for them. 3 Yea, He loved the people; all His saints are in Thy hand: and they sat down at Thy feet; Every one shall receive of thy words. 4 Moses commanded us a law, Even the inheritance of the congregation of Jacob. 5 And He was king in Jeshurun, When the heads of the people and the tribes of Israel were gathered together. Joshua 11:16–17: 16 So Joshua took all that land, the hills, and all the south country, and all the land of Goshen, and the valley, and the plain, and the mountain of Israel, and the valley of the same; 17 Even from the mount Halak, that goeth up to Seir, even unto Baal-gad in the valley of Lebanon under mount Hermon: and all their kings he took, and smote them, and slew them. Joshua 12:7: 7 And these are the kings of the country which Joshua and the children of Israel smote on this side Jordan on the west, from Baal-gad in the valley of Lebanon even unto the mount Halak, that goeth up to Seir; which Joshua gave unto the tribes of Israel for a possession according to their divisions; Joshua 15:10: 10 And the border compassed from Baalah westward unto mount Seir, and passed along unto the side of mount Jearim, which is Chesalon, on the north side, and went down to Bethshemesh, and passed on to Timnah: Joshua 15:1: 1 This then was the lot of the tribe of the children of Judah by their families; even to the border of Edom the wilderness of Zin southward was the uttermost part of the south coast. Joshua 15:21: 21 And the uttermost cities of the tribe of the children of Judah toward the coast of Edom southward were Kabzeel, and Eder, and Jagur, Joshua 24:1–4: 1 And Joshua gathered all the tribes of Israel to Shechem, and called for the elders of Israel, and for their heads, and for their judges, and for their officers; and they presented themselves before God. 2 And Joshua said unto all the people, “Thus saith the LORD God of Israel, ‘Your fathers dwelt on the other side of the flood in old time, even Terah, the father of Abraham, and the father of Nachor: and they served other gods. 3 And I took your father Abraham from the other side of the flood, and led him throughout all the land of Canaan, and multiplied his seed, and gave him Isaac. 4 And I gave unto Isaac Jacob and Esau: and I gave unto Esau mount Seir, to possess it; but Jacob and his children went down into Egypt. Judges 3:12–15: 12 And the children of Israel did evil again in the sight of the LORD : and the

LORD strengthened Eglon the king of Moab against Israel, because they had done evil in the sight of the LORD . 13 And he gathered unto him the children of Ammon and Amalek, and went and smote Israel, and possessed the city of palm trees. 14 So the children of Israel served Eglon the king of Moab eighteen years. 15 But when the children of Israel cried unto the LORD , the LORD raised them up a deliverer, Ehud the son of Gera, a Benjamite, a man lefthanded: and by him the children of Israel sent a present unto Eglon the king of Moab. Judges 5:1–5; 12–14: 1 Then sang Deborah and Barak the son of Abinoam on that day, saying, 2 “Praise ye the LORD for the avenging of Israel, when the people willingly offered themselves. 3 Hear, O ye kings; give ear, O ye princes; I, even I, will sing unto the LORD ; I will sing praise to the LORD God of Israel. 4 LORD , when Thou wentest out of Seir, When Thou marchedst out of the field of Edom, The earth trembled, and the heavens dropped, The clouds also dropped water. 5 The mountains melted from before the LORD , Even that Sinai from before the LORD God of Israel. 12 Awake, awake, Deborah: Awake, awake, utter a song: Arise, Barak, and lead thy captivity captive, thou son of Abinoam. 13 Then He made him that remaineth have dominion over the nobles among the people: The LORD made me have dominion over the mighty. 14 Out of Ephraim was there a root of them against Amalek; After thee, Benjamin, among thy people; out of Machir came down governors, and out of Zebulun they that handle the pen of the writer. Judges 6:1–7:25: 1 And the children of Israel did evil in the sight of the LORD : and the LORD delivered them into the hand of Midian seven years. 2 And the hand of Midian prevailed against Israel: and because of the Midianites the children of Israel made them the dens which are in the mountains, and caves, and strong holds. 3 And so it was, when Israel had sown, that the Midianites came up, and the Amalekites, and the children of the east, even they came up against them; 4 And they encamped against them, and destroyed the increase of the earth, till thou come unto Gaza, and left no sustenance for Israel, neither sheep, nor ox, nor ass. 5 For they came up with their cattle and their tents, and they came as grasshoppers for multitude; for both they and their camels were without number: and they entered into the land to destroy it. 6 And Israel was greatly impoverished because of the Midianites; and the children of Israel cried unto the LORD . 7 And it came to pass, when the children of Israel cried unto the LORD because of the Midianites, 8 That the LORD sent a prophet unto the children of Israel, which said unto them, “Thus saith the LORD God of Israel, I brought you up from Egypt, and brought you forth out of the house of bondage; 9 And I delivered you out of the hand of the Egyptians, and out of the hand of all that oppressed you, and drave them out from before you, and gave you their land; 10 And I said unto you, ‘I am the LORD your God; fear not the gods of the Amorites, in whose land ye dwell:’ but ye have not obeyed My voice.’” 11 And there came an angel of the LORD , and sat under an oak which was in Ophrah, that pertained unto Joash the Abi-ezrite: and his son Gideon threshed wheat by the winepress, to hide it from the Midianites.’ 12 And the angel of the LORD appeared unto him, and said unto him, “The LORD is with thee, thou mighty man of valour.” 13 And Gideon said unto Him, “Oh my Lord, if the LORD be with us, why then is all this befallen us? and where be all His miracles which our fathers told us of, saying, ‘Did not the LORD bring us up from Egypt?’ but now the LORD hath forsaken us, and delivered us into the hands of the Midianites.” 14 And the LORD looked upon him, and said, “Go in this thy might, and thou shalt save Israel from the hand of the Midianites: have not I sent thee?” 15 And he said unto Him, “Oh my Lord, wherewith shall I save Israel? behold, my family is poor in Manasseh, and I am the least in my

father’s house.” 16 And the LORD said unto him, “Surely I will be with thee, and thou shalt smite the Midianites as one man.” 17 And he said unto Him, “If now I have found grace in Thy sight, then shew me a sign that Thou talkest with me. 18 Depart not hence, I pray Thee, until I come unto thee, and bring forth my present, and set it before Thee.” And he said, “I will tarry until thou come again.” 19 And Gideon went in, and made ready a kid, and unleavened cakes of an ephah of flour: the flesh he put in a basket, and he put the broth in a pot, and brought it out unto him under the oak, and presented it. 20 And the Angel of God said unto him, “Take the flesh and the unleavened cakes, and lay them upon this rock, and pour out the broth.” And he did so. 21 Then the Angel of the LORD put forth the end of the staff that was in His hand, and touched the flesh and the unleavened cakes; and there rose up fire out of the rock, and consumed the flesh and the unleavened cakes. Then the Angel of the LORD departed out of his sight. 22 And when Gideon perceived that he was an Angel of the LORD , Gideon said, “Alas, O Lord GOD! for because I have seen an Angel of the LORD face to face.” 23 And the LORD said unto him, “Peace be unto thee; fear not: thou shalt not die.” 24 Then Gideon built an altar there unto the LORD , and called it Jehovah-shalom: unto this day it is yet in Ophrah of the Abi-ezrites. 25 And it came to pass the same night, that the LORD said unto him, “Take thy father’s young bullock, even the second bullock of seven years old, and throw down the altar of Baal that thy father hath, and cut down the grove that is by it: 26 And build an altar unto the LORD thy God upon the top of this rock, in the ordered place, and take the second bullock, and offer a burnt sacrifice with the wood of the grove which thou shalt cut down.” 27 Then Gideon took ten men of his servants, and did as the LORD had said unto him: and so it was, because he feared his father’s household, and the men of the city, that he could not do it by day, that he did it by night. 28 And when the men of the city arose early in the morning, behold, the altar of Baal was cast down, and the grove was cut down that was by it, and the second bullock was offered upon the altar that was built. 29 And they said one to another, “Who hath done this thing?” And when they enquired and asked, they said, “Gideon the son of Joash hath done this thing.” 30 Then the men of the city said unto Joash, “Bring out thy son, that he may die: because he hath cast down the altar of Baal, and because he hath cut down the grove that was by it.” 31 And Joash said unto all that stood against him, “Will ye plead for Baal? will ye save him? he that will plead for him, let him be put to death whilst it is yet morning: if he be a god, let him plead for himself, because one hath cast down his altar.” 32 Therefore on that day he called him Jerubbaal, saying, “Let Baal plead against him, because he hath thrown down his altar.” 33 Then all the Midianites and the Amalekites and the children of the east were gathered together, and went over, and pitched in the valley of Jezreel. 34 But the Spirit of the LORD came upon Gideon, and he blew a trumpet; and Abi-ezer was gathered after him. 35 And he sent messengers throughout all Manasseh; who also was gathered after him: and he sent messengers unto Asher, and unto Zebulun, and unto Naphtali; and they came up to meet them. 36 And Gideon said unto God, “If Thou wilt save Israel by mine hand, as Thou hast said, 37 Behold, I will put a fleece of wool in the floor; and if the dew be on the fleece only, and it be dry upon all the earth beside, then shall I know that Thou wilt save Israel by mine hand, as Thou hast said.” 38 And it was so: for he rose up early on the morrow, and thrust the fleece together, and wringed the dew out of the fleece, a bowl full of water. 39 And Gideon said unto God, “Let not Thine anger be hot against me, and I will speak but this once: let me prove, I pray Thee, but this once with the fleece; let it now be dry only upon the fleece, and upon all the ground let there be dew.” 40 And God did so that night: for it was dry upon the fleece only, and there was dew on all the ground. 1 Then Jerubbaal, who is Gideon, and all the people that were with him, rose up

early, and pitched beside the well of Harod: so that the host of the Midianites were on the north side of them, by the hill of Moreh, in the valley. 2 And the LORD said unto Gideon, “The people that are with thee are too many for Me to give the Midianites into their hands, lest Israel vaunt themselves against Me, saying, ‘Mine own hand hath saved me.’ 3 Now therefore go to, proclaim in the ears of the people, saying, ‘Whosoever is fearful and afraid, let him return and depart early from mount Gilead.’” And there returned of the people twenty and two thousand; and there remained ten thousand. 4 And the LORD said unto Gideon, “The people are yet too many; bring them down unto the water, and I will try them for thee there: and it shall be, that of whom I say unto thee, ‘This shall go with thee,’ the same shall go with thee; and of whomsoever I say unto thee, ‘This shall not go with thee,’ the same shall not go.” 5 So he brought down the people unto the water: and the LORD said unto Gideon, “Every one that lappeth of the water with his tongue, as a dog lappeth, him shalt thou set by himself; likewise every one that boweth down upon his knees to drink.” 6 And the number of them that lapped, putting their hand to their mouth, were three hundred men: but all the rest of the people bowed down upon their knees to drink water. 7 And the LORD said unto Gideon, “By the three hundred men that lapped will I save you, and deliver the Midianites into thine hand: and let all the other people go every man unto his place.” 8 So the people took victuals in their hand, and their trumpets: and he sent all the rest of Israel every man unto his tent, and retained those three hundred men: and the host of Midian was beneath him in the valley. 9 And it came to pass the same night, that the LORD said unto him, “Arise, get thee down unto the host; for I have delivered it into thine hand. 10 But if thou fear to go down, go thou with Phurah thy servant down to the host:” 11 And thou shalt hear what they say; and afterward shall thine hands be strengthened to go down unto the host. Then went he down with Phurah his servant unto the outside of the armed men that were in the host. 12 And the Midianites and the Amalekites and all the children of the east lay along in the valley like grasshoppers for multitude; and their camels were without number, as the sand by the sea side for multitude. 13 And when Gideon was come, behold, there was a man that told a dream unto his fellow, and said, “Behold, I dreamed a dream, and, lo, a cake of barley bread tumbled into the host of Midian, and came unto a tent, and smote it that it fell, and overturned it, that the tent lay along.” 14 And his fellow answered and said, “This is nothing else save the sword of Gideon the son of Joash, a man of Israel: for into his hand hath God delivered Midian, and all the host.” 15 And it was so, when Gideon heard the telling of the dream, and the interpretation thereof, that he worshipped, and returned into the host of Israel, and said, “Arise; for the LORD hath delivered into your hand the host of Midian.” 16 And he divided the three hundred men into three companies, and he put a trumpet in every man’s hand, with empty pitchers, and lamps within the pitchers. 17 And he said unto them, “Look on me, and do likewise: and, behold, when I come to the outside of the camp, it shall be that, as I do, so shall ye do. 18 When I blow with a trumpet, I and all that are with me, then blow ye the trumpets also on every side of all the camp, and say, ‘The sword of the LORD , and of Gideon.’” 19 So Gideon, and the hundred men that were with him, came unto the outside of the camp in the beginning of the middle watch; and they had but newly set the watch: and they blew the trumpets, and brake the pitchers that were in their hands. 20 And the three companies blew the trumpets, and brake the pitchers, and held the lamps in their left hands, and the trumpets in their right hands to blow withal: and they cried, “The sword of the LORD , and of Gideon.” 21 And they stood every man in his place round about the camp: and all the host ran, and cried, and fled. 22 And the three hundred blew the trumpets, and the LORD set every man’s sword against his fellow, even throughout all the host: and the host fled to

Beth-shittah in Zererath, and to the border of Abel-meholah, unto Tabbath. 23 And the men of Israel gathered themselves together out of Naphtali, and out of Asher, and out of all Manasseh, and pursued after the Midianites. 24 And Gideon sent messengers throughout all mount Ephraim, saying, “Come down against the Midianites, and take before them the waters unto Beth-barah and Jordan.” Then all the men of Ephraim gathered themselves together, and took the waters unto Beth-barah and Jordan. 25 And they took two princes of the Midianites, Oreb and Zeeb; and they slew Oreb upon the rock Oreb, and Zeeb they slew at the winepress of Zeeb, and pursued Midian, and brought the heads of Oreb and Zeeb to Gideon on the other side Jordan. Judges 10:10–18: 10 And the children of Israel cried unto the LORD , saying, “We have sinned against Thee, both because we have forsaken our God, and also served Baalim.” 11 And the LORD said unto the children of Israel, “Did not I deliver you from the Egyptians, and from the Amorites, from the children of Ammon, and from the Philistines? 12 The Zidonians also, and the Amalekites, and the Maonites, did oppress you; and ye cried to Me, and I delivered you out of their hand. 13 Yet ye have forsaken Me, and served other gods: wherefore I will deliver you no more. 14 Go and cry unto the gods which ye have chosen; let them deliver you in the time of your tribulation. 15 And the children of Israel said unto the LORD , “We have sinned: do Thou unto us whatsoever seemeth good unto Thee; deliver us only, we pray Thee, this day. 16 And they put away the strange gods from among them, and served the LORD : and His soul was grieved for the misery of Israel. 17 Then the children of Ammon were gathered together, and encamped in Gilead. And the children of Israel assembled themselves together, and encamped in Mizpeh. 18 And the people and princes of Gilead said one to another, “What man is he that will begin to fight against the children of Ammon? he shall be head over all the inhabitants of Gilead.” Judges 11:17–18: 17 Then Israel sent messengers unto the king of Edom, saying, “Let me, I pray thee, pass through thy land: but the king of Edom would not hearken thereto. And in like manner they sent unto the king of Moab: but he would not consent: and Israel abode in Kadesh. 18 Then they went along through the wilderness, and compassed the land of Edom, and the land of Moab, and came by the east side of the land of Moab, and pitched on the other side of Arnon, but came not within the border of Moab: for Arnon was the border of Moab. Judges 12:15: 15 And Abdon the son of Hillel the Pirathonite died, and was buried in Pirathon in the land of Ephraim, in the mount of the Amalekites. I Samuel 14:48–15:35: 48 And he gathered an host, and smote the Amalekites, and delivered Israel out of the hands of them that spoiled them. 49 Now the sons of Saul were Jonathan, and Ishui, and Melchi-shua: and the names of his two daughters were these; the name of the firstborn Merab, and the name of the younger Michal: 50 And the name of Saul’s wife was Ahinoam, the daughter of Ahimaaz: and the name of the captain of his host was Abner, the son of Ner, Saul’s uncle. 51 And Kish was the father of Saul; and Ner the father of Abner was the son of Abiel. 52 And there was sore war against the Philistines all the days of Saul: and when Saul saw any strong man, or any valiant man, he took him unto him. 1 Samuel also said unto Saul, “The LORD sent me to anoint thee to be king over His people, over Israel: now therefore hearken thou unto the voice of the words of the LORD . 2 Thus saith the LORD of hosts, ‘I remember that which Amalek

did to Israel, how he laid wait for him in the way, when he came up from Egypt. 3 Now go and smite Amalek, and utterly destroy all that they have, and spare them not; but slay both man and woman, infant and suckling, ox and sheep, camel and ass.’” 4 And Saul gathered the people together, and numbered them in Telaim, two hundred thousand footmen, and ten thousand men of Judah. 5 And Saul came to a city of Amalek, and laid wait in the valley. 6 And Saul said unto the Kenites, “Go, depart, get you down from among the Amalekites, lest I destroy you with them: for ye shewed kindness to all the children of Israel, when they came up out of Egypt. So the Kenites departed from among the Amalekites. 7 And Saul smote the Amalekites from Havilah until thou comest to Shur, that is over against Egypt.” 8 And he took Agag the king of the Amalekites alive, and utterly destroyed all the people with the edge of the sword. 9 But Saul and the people spared Agag, and the best of the sheep, and of the oxen, and of the fatlings, and the lambs, and all that was good, and would not utterly destroy them: but every thing that was vile and refuse, that they destroyed utterly. 10 Then came the word of the LORD unto Samuel, saying, 11 “It repenteth Me that I have set up Saul to be king: for he is turned back from following Me, and hath not performed My commandments.” And it grieved Samuel; and he cried unto the LORD all night. 12 And when Samuel rose early to meet Saul in the morning, it was told Samuel, saying, “Saul came to Carmel, and, behold, he set him up a place, and is gone about, and passed on, and gone down to Gilgal.” 13 And Samuel came to Saul: and Saul said unto him, “Blessed be thou of the LORD : I have performed the commandment of the LORD .” 14 And Samuel said, “What meaneth then this bleating of the sheep in mine ears, and the lowing of the oxen which I hear?” 15 And Saul said, “They have brought them from the Amalekites: for the people spared the best of the sheep and of the oxen, to sacrifice unto the LORD thy God; and the rest we have utterly destroyed.” 16 Then Samuel said unto Saul, “Stay, and I will tell thee what the LORD hath said to me this night.” And he said unto him, “Say on.” 17 And Samuel said, “When thou wast little in thine own sight, wast thou not made the head of the tribes of Israel, and the LORD anointed thee king over Israel? 18 And the LORD sent thee on a journey, and said, ‘Go and utterly destroy the sinners the Amalekites, and fight against them until they be consumed.’ 19 Wherefore then didst thou not obey the voice of the LORD , but didst fly upon the spoil, and didst evil in the sight of the LORD ?” 20 And Saul said unto Samuel, “Yea, I have obeyed the voice of the LORD , and have gone the way which the LORD sent me, and have brought Agag the king of Amalek, and have utterly destroyed the Amalekites. 21 But the people took of the spoil, sheep and oxen, the chief of the things which should have been utterly destroyed, to sacrifice unto the LORD thy God in Gilgal.” 22 And Samuel said, “Hath the LORD as great delight in burnt offerings and sacrifices, as in obeying the voice of the LORD ? Behold, to obey is better than sacrifice, and to hearken than the fat of rams. 23 For rebellion is as the sin of witchcraft, and stubbornness is as iniquity and idolatry. Because thou hast rejected the word of the LORD , He hath also rejected thee from being king.” 24 And Saul said unto Samuel, “I have sinned: for I have transgressed the commandment of the LORD , and thy words: because I feared the people, and obeyed their voice. 25 Now therefore, I pray thee, pardon my sin, and turn again with me, that I may worship the LORD .” 26 And Samuel said unto Saul, “I will not return with thee: for thou hast rejected the word of the LORD , and the LORD hath rejected thee from being king over Israel.” 27 And as Samuel turned about to go away, he laid hold upon the skirt of his mantle, and it rent. 28 And Samuel said unto him, The LORD hath rent the kingdom of Israel from thee this day, and hath given it to a neighbour of thine, that is better than thou. 29 And also the Strength of Israel will not lie nor repent: for He is not a man, that He should repent. 30 Then he said, “I have sinned: yet honour me now, I pray thee, before

the elders of my people, and before Israel, and turn again with me, that I may worship the LORD thy God.” 31 So Samuel turned again after Saul; and Saul worshipped the LORD . 32 Then said Samuel, “Bring ye hither to me Agag the king of the Amalekites.” And Agag came unto him delicately. And Agag said, “Surely the bitterness of death is past.” 33 And Samuel said, “As thy sword hath made women childless, so shall thy mother be childless among women.” And Samuel hewed Agag in pieces before the LORD in Gilgal. 34 Then Samuel went to Ramah; and Saul went up to his house to Gibeah of Saul. 35 And Samuel came no more to see Saul until the day of his death: nevertheless Samuel mourned for Saul: and the LORD repented that He had made Saul king over Israel. I Samuel 27:8–12: 8 And David and his men went up, and invaded the Geshurites, and the Gezrites, and the Amalekites: for those nations were of old the inhabitants of the land, as thou goest to Shur, even unto the land of Egypt. 9 And David smote the land, and left neither man nor woman alive, and took away the sheep, and the oxen, and the asses, and the camels, and the apparel, and returned, and came to Achish. 10 And Achish said, “Whither have ye made a road to day?” And David said, “Against the south of Judah, and against the south of the Jerahmeelites, and against the south of the Kenites.” 11 And David saved neither man nor woman alive, to bring tidings to Gath, saying, “Lest they should tell on us, saying, S’o did David, and so will be his manner all the while he dwelleth in the country of the Philistines.’” 12 And Achish believed David, saying, “He hath made his people Israel utterly to abhor him; therefore he shall be my servant for ever.” I Samuel 28:16–19: 16 Then said Samuel, “Wherefore then dost thou ask of me, seeing the LORD is departed from thee, and is become thine enemy? 17 And the LORD hath done to him, as He spake by me: for the LORD hath rent the kingdom out of thine hand, and given it to thy neighbour, even to David: 18 Because thou obeyedst not the voice of the LORD , nor executedst His fierce wrath upon Amalek, therefore hath the LORD done this thing unto thee this day. 19 Moreover the LORD will also deliver Israel with thee into the hand of the Philistines: and to morrow shalt thou and thy sons be with me: the LORD also shall deliver the host of Israel into the hand of the Philistines. I Samuel 30:1–20: 1 And it came to pass, when David and his men were come to Ziklag on the third day, that the Amalekites had invaded the south, and Ziklag, and smitten Ziklag, and burned it with fire; 2 And had taken the women captives, that were therein: they slew not any, either great or small, but carried them away, and went on their way. 3 So David and his men came to the city, and, behold, it was burned with fire; and their wives, and their sons, and their daughters, were taken captives. 4 Then David and the people that were with him lifted up their voice and wept, until they had no more power to weep. 5 And David’s two wives were taken captives, Ahinoam the Jezreelitess, and Abigail the wife of Nabal the Carmelite. 6 And David was greatly distressed; for the people spake of stoning him, because the soul of all the people was grieved, every man for his sons and for his daughters: but David encouraged himself in the LORD his God. 7 And David said to Abiathar the priest, Ahimelech’s son, “I pray thee, bring me hither the ephod.” And Abiathar brought thither the ephod to David. 8 And David enquired at the LORD , saying, “Shall I pursue after this troop? shall I overtake them?” And He answered him, “Pursue: for thou shalt surely overtake them, and without fail recover all.” 9 So David went, he and the six

hundred men that were with him, and came to the brook Besor, where those that were left behind stayed. 10 But David pursued, he and four hundred men: for two hundred abode behind, which were so faint that they could not go over the brook Besor. 11 And they found an Egyptian in the field, and brought him to David, and gave him bread, and he did eat; and they made him drink water; 12 And they gave him a piece of a cake of figs, and two clusters of raisins: and when he had eaten, his spirit came again to him: for he had eaten no bread, nor drunk any water, three days and three nights. 13 And David said unto him, “To whom belongest thou? and whence art thou?” And he said, “I am a young man of Egypt, servant to an Amalekite; and my master left me, because three days agone I fell sick. 14 We made an invasion upon the south of the Cherethites, and upon the coast which belongeth to Judah, and upon the south of Caleb; and we burned Ziklag with fire.” 15 And David said to him, “Canst thou bring me down to this company?” And he said, “Swear unto me by God, that thou wilt neither kill me, nor deliver me into the hands of my master, and I will bring thee down to this company.” 16 And when he had brought him down, behold, they were spread abroad upon all the earth, eating and drinking, and dancing, because of all the great spoil that they had taken out of the land of the Philistines, and out of the land of Judah. 17 And David smote them from the twilight even unto the evening of the next day: and there escaped not a man of them, save four hundred young men, which rode upon camels, and fled. 18 And David recovered all that the Amalekites had carried away: and David rescued his two wives. 19 And there was nothing lacking to them, neither small nor great, neither sons nor daughters, neither spoil, nor any thing that they had taken to them: David recovered all. 20 And David took all the flocks and the herds, which they drave before those other cattle, and said, “This is David’s spoil.” II Samuel 1:1–2: 1 Now it came to pass after the death of Saul, when David was returned from the slaughter of the Amalekites, and David had abode two days in Ziklag; 2 It came even to pass on the third day, that, behold, a man came out of the camp from Saul with his clothes rent, and earth upon his head: and so it was, when he came to David, that he fell to the earth, and did obeisance. II Samuel 8:13–14: 13 And David gat him a name when he returned from smiting of the Syrians in the valley of salt, being eighteen thousand men. 14 And he put garrisons in Edom; throughout all Edom put he garrisons, and all they of Edom became David’s servants. And the LORD preserved David whithersoever he went. I Kings 9:26: 26 And king Solomon made a navy of ships in Ezion-geber, which is beside Eloth, on the shore of the Red sea, in the land of Edom. I Kings 11:1–2: 1 But king Solomon loved many strange women, together with the daughter of Pharaoh, women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Zidonians, and Hittites; 2 Of the nations concerning which the LORD said unto the children of Israel, “Ye shall not go in to them, neither shall they come in unto you: for surely they will turn away your heart after their gods: Solomon clave unto these in love. I Kings 11:14–17: 14 And the LORD stirred up an adversary unto Solomon, Hadad the Edomite: he was of the king’s seed in Edom. 15 For it came to pass, when David was in Edom, and Joab the

captain of the host was gone up to bury the slain, after he had smitten every male in Edom; 16 (For six months did Joab remain there with all Israel, until he had cut off every male in Edom:) 17 That Hadad fled, he and certain Edomites of his father’s servants with him, to go into Egypt; Hadad being yet a little child. I Kings 22:46–47: 46 And the remnant of the sodomites, which remained in the days of his father Asa, he took out of the land. 47 There was then no king in Edom: a deputy was king. II Kings 3:6–27: 6 And king Jehoram went out of Samaria the same time, and numbered all Israel. 7 And he went and sent to Jehoshaphat the king of Judah, saying, “The king of Moab hath rebelled against me: wilt thou go with me against Moab to battle?” And he said, “I will go up: I am as thou art, my people as thy people, and my horses as thy horses.” 8 And he said, “Which way shall we go up?” And he answered, “The way through the wilderness of Edom.” 9 So the king of Israel went, and the king of Judah, and the king of Edom: and they fetched a compass of seven days’ journey: and there was no water for the host, and for the cattle that followed them. 10 And the king of Israel said, “Alas! that the LORD hath called these three kings together, to deliver them into the hand of Moab!” 11 But Jehoshaphat said, “Is there not here a prophet of the LORD , that we may enquire of the LORD by him?” And one of the king of Israel’s servants answered and said, “Here is Elisha the son of Shaphat, which poured water on the hands of Elijah.” 12 And Jehoshaphat said, “The word of the LORD is with him.” So the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat and the king of Edom went down to him. 13 And Elisha said unto the king of Israel, “What have I to do with thee? get thee to the prophets of thy father, and to the prophets of thy mother.” And the king of Israel said unto him, “Nay: for the LORD hath called these three kings together, to deliver them into the hand of Moab.” 14 And Elisha said, “As the LORD of hosts liveth, before Whom I stand, surely, were it not that I regard the presence of Jehoshaphat the king of Judah, I would not look toward thee, nor see thee. 15 But now bring me a minstrel.” And it came to pass, when the minstrel played, that the hand of the LORD came upon him. 16 And he said, “Thus saith the LORD , ‘Make this valley full of ditches.’ 17 For thus saith the LORD , ‘Ye shall not see wind, neither shall ye see rain; yet that valley shall be filled with water, that ye may drink, both ye, and your cattle, and your beasts.’ 18 And this is but a light thing in the sight of the LORD : He will deliver the Moabites also into your hand. 19 And ye shall smite every fenced city, and every choice city, and shall fell every good tree, and stop all wells of water, and mar every good piece of land with stones.” 20 And it came to pass in the morning, when the meat offering was offered, that, behold, there came water by the way of Edom, and the country was filled with water. 21 And when all the Moabites heard that the kings were come up to fight against them, they gathered all that were able to put on armour, and upward, and stood in the border. 22 And they rose up early in the morning, and the sun shone upon the water, and the Moabites saw the water on the other side as red as blood: 23 And they said, “This is blood: the kings are surely slain, and they have smitten one another: now therefore, Moab, to the spoil.” 24 And when they came to the camp of Israel, the Israelites rose up and smote the Moabites, so that they fled before them: but they went forward smiting the Moabites, even in their country. 25 And they beat down the cities, and on every good piece of land cast every man his stone, and filled it; and they stopped all the wells of water, and felled all the good trees: only in Kir-haraseth left they the stones thereof; howbeit the slingers went about it, and smote it. 26 And when the king of Moab saw that the battle was too sore for him, he took with him seven hundred men that drew swords, to break

through even unto the king of Edom: but they could not. 27 Then he took his eldest son that should have reigned in his stead, and offered him for a burnt offering upon the wall. And there was great indignation against Israel: and they departed from him, and returned to their own land. II Kings 8:16–24: 16 And in the fifth year of Joram the son of Ahab king of Israel, Jehoshaphat being then king of Judah, Jehoram the son of Jehoshaphat king of Judah began to reign. 17 Thirty and two years old was he when he began to reign; and he reigned eight years in Jerusalem. 18 And he walked in the way of the kings of Israel, as did the house of Ahab: for the daughter of Ahab was his wife: and he did evil in the sight of the LORD . 19 Yet the LORD would not destroy Judah for David His servant’s sake, as He promised him to give him alway a light, and to his children. 20 In his days Edom revolted from under the hand of Judah, and made a king over themselves. 21 So Joram went over to Zair, and all the chariots with him: and he rose by night, and smote the Edomites which compassed him about, and the captains of the chariots: and the people fled into their tents. 22 Yet Edom revolted from under the hand of Judah unto this day. Then Libnah revolted at the same time. 23 And the rest of the acts of Joram, and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah? 24 And Joram slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David: and Ahaziah his son reigned in his stead. II Kings 14:7–13: 7 He slew of Edom in the valley of salt ten thousand, and took Selah by war, and called the name of it Joktheel unto this day. 8 Then Amaziah sent messengers to Jehoash, the son of Jehoahaz son of Jehu, king of Israel, saying, “Come, let us look one another in the face.” 9 And Jehoash the king of Israel sent to Amaziah king of Judah, saying, “The thistle that was in Lebanon sent to the cedar that was in Lebanon, saying, ‘Give thy daughter to my son to wife:’ and there passed by a wild beast that was in Lebanon, and trode down the thistle. 10 Thou hast indeed smitten Edom, and thine heart hath lifted thee up: glory of this, and tarry at home: for why shouldest thou meddle to thy hurt, that thou shouldest fall, even thou, and Judah with thee?” 11 But Amaziah would not hear. Therefore Jehoash king of Israel went up; and he and Amaziah king of Judah looked one another in the face at Beth-shemesh, which belongeth to Judah. I Chronicles 4:41–43: 41 And these written by name came in the days of Hezekiah king of Judah, and smote their tents, and the habitations that were found there, and destroyed them utterly unto this day, and dwelt in their rooms: because there was pasture there for their flocks. 42 And some of them, even of the sons of Simeon, five hundred men, went to mount Seir, having for their captains Pelatiah, and Neariah, and Rephaiah, and Uzziel, the sons of Ishi. 43 And they smote the rest of the Amalekites that were escaped, and dwelt there unto this day. I Chronicles 18:11–13: 11 Them also king David dedicated unto the LORD , with the silver and the gold that he brought from all these nations; from Edom, and from Moab, and from the children of Ammon, and from the Philistines, and from Amalek. 12 Moreover Abishai the son of Zeruiah slew of the Edomites in the valley of salt eighteen thousand. 13 And he put garrisons in Edom; and all the Edomites became David’s servants. Thus the LORD preserved David whithersoever he went. II Chronicles 8:17: 17 Then went Solomon to Ezion-geber, and to Eloth, at the sea side in the

land of Edom. II Chronicles 20:10–30: 10 And now, behold, the children of Ammon and Moab and mount Seir, whom thou wouldest not let Israel invade, when they came out of the land of Egypt, but they turned from them, and destroyed them not; 11 Behold, I say, how they reward us, to come to cast us out of Thy possession, which Thou hast given us to inherit. 12 O our God, wilt Thou not judge them? for we have no might against this great company that cometh against us; neither know we what to do: but our eyes are upon Thee.” 13 And all Judah stood before the LORD , with their little ones, their wives, and their children. 14 Then upon Jahaziel the son of Zechariah, the son of Benaiah, the son of Jeiel, the son of Mattaniah, a Levite of the sons of Asaph, came the Spirit of the LORD in the midst of the congregation; 15 And he said, “Hearken ye, all Judah, and ye inhabitants of Jerusalem, and thou king Jehoshaphat, Thus saith the LORD unto you, ‘Be not afraid nor dismayed by reason of this great multitude; for the battle is not yours, but God’s. 16 To morrow go ye down against them: behold, they come up by the cliff of Ziz; and ye shall find them at the end of the brook, before the wilderness of Jeruel. 17 Ye shall not need to fight in this battle: set yourselves, stand ye still, and see the salvation of the LORD with you, O Judah and Jerusalem: fear not, nor be dismayed; to morrow go out against them: for the LORD will be with you.’” 18 And Jehoshaphat bowed his head with his face to the ground: and all Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem fell before the LORD , worshipping the LORD . 19 And the Levites, of the children of the Kohathites, and of the children of the Korhites, stood up to praise the LORD God of Israel with a loud voice on high. 20 And they rose early in the morning, and went forth into the wilderness of Tekoa: and as they went forth, Jehoshaphat stood and said, “Hear me, O Judah, and ye inhabitants of Jerusalem; Believe in the LORD your God, so shall ye be established; believe His prophets, so shall ye prosper.” 21 And when he had consulted with the people, he appointed singers unto the LORD , and that should praise the beauty of holiness, as they went out before the army, and to say, “Praise the LORD ; for His mercy endureth for ever.” 22 And when they began to sing and to praise, the LORD set ambushments against the children of Ammon, Moab, and mount Seir, which were come against Judah; and they were smitten. 23 For the children of Ammon and Moab stood up against the inhabitants of mount Seir, utterly to slay and destroy them: and when they had made an end of the inhabitants of Seir, every one helped to destroy another. 24 And when Judah came toward the watch tower in the wilderness, they looked unto the multitude, and, behold, they were dead bodies fallen to the earth, and none escaped. 25 And when Jehoshaphat and his people came to take away the spoil of them, they found among them in abundance both riches with the dead bodies, and precious jewels, which they stripped off for themselves, more than they could carry away: and they were three days in gathering of the spoil, it was so much. 26 And on the fourth day they assembled themselves in the valley of Berachah; for there they blessed the LORD : therefore the name of the same place was called, The valley of Berachah, unto this day. 27 Then they returned, every man of Judah and Jerusalem, and Jehoshaphat in the forefront of them, to go again to Jerusalem with joy; for the LORD had made them to rejoice over their enemies. 28 And they came to Jerusalem with psalteries and harps and trumpets unto the house of the LORD . 29 And the fear of God was on all the kingdoms of those countries, when they had heard that the LORD fought against the enemies of Israel. 30 So the realm of Jehoshaphat was quiet: for his God gave him rest round about. II Chronicles 21:7–11: 7 Howbeit the LORD would not destroy the house of David, because of the

covenant that He had made with David, and as He promised to give a light to him and to his sons for ever. 8 In his days the Edomites revolted from under the dominion of Judah, and made themselves a king. 9 Then Jehoram went forth with his princes, and all his chariots with him: and he rose up by night, and smote the Edomites which compassed him in, and the captains of the chariots. 10 So the Edomites revolted from under the hand of Judah unto this day. The same time also did Libnah revolt from under his hand; because he had forsaken the LORD God of his fathers. 11 Moreover he made high places in the mountains of Judah, and caused the inhabitants of Jerusalem to commit fornication, and compelled Judah thereto. II Chronicles 25:11–20: 11 And Amaziah strengthened himself, and led forth his people, and went to the valley of salt, and smote of the children of Seir ten thousand. 12 And other ten thousand left alive did the children of Judah carry away captive, and brought them unto the top of the rock, and cast them down from the top of the rock, that they all were broken in pieces. 13 But the soldiers of the army which Amaziah sent back, that they should not go with him to battle, fell upon the cities of Judah, from Samaria even unto Beth-horon, and smote three thousand of them, and took much spoil. 14 Now it came to pass, after that Amaziah was come from the slaughter of the Edomites, that he brought the gods of the children of Seir, and set them up to be his gods, and bowed down himself before them, and burned incense unto them. 15 Wherefore the anger of the LORD was kindled against Amaziah, and He sent unto him a prophet, which said unto him, “Why hast thou sought after the gods of the people, which could not deliver their own people out of thine hand?” 16 And it came to pass, as he talked with him, that the king said unto him, “Art thou made of the king’s counsel? forbear; why shouldest thou be smitten?” Then the prophet forbare, and said, “I know that God hath determined to destroy thee, because thou hast done this, and hast not hearkened unto my counsel.” 17 Then Amaziah king of Judah took advice, and sent to Joash, the son of Jehoahaz, the son of Jehu, king of Israel, saying, “Come, let us see one another in the face.” 18 And Joash king of Israel sent to Amaziah king of Judah, saying, “The thistle that was in Lebanon sent to the cedar that was in Lebanon, saying, ‘Give thy daughter to my son to wife: and there passed by a wild beast that was in Lebanon, and trode down the thistle. 19 Thou sayest, Lo, thou hast smitten the Edomites; and thine heart lifteth thee up to boast: abide now at home; why shouldest thou meddle to thine hurt, that thou shouldest fall, even thou, and Judah with thee?’ 20 But Amaziah would not hear; for it came of God, that He might deliver them into the hand of their enemies, because they sought after the gods of Edom. II Chronicles 28:16–18: 16 At that time did king Ahaz send unto the kings of Assyria to help him. 17 For again the Edomites had come and smitten Judah, and carried away captives. 18 The Philistines also had invaded the cities of the low country, and of the south of Judah, and had taken Beth-shemesh, and Ajalon, and Gederoth, and Shocho with the villages thereof, and Timnah with the villages thereof, Gimzo also and the villages thereof: and they dwelt there.

Esau/Edom in the Psalms Note: Psalm 52, which David wrote while he was fleeing from Doeg the Edomite, is in the “Notable Edomites” section. Psalm 60:1–12: 1 Michtam of David, to teach; when he strove with Aram-naharaim and with Aram-zobah, when Joab returned, and smote of Edom in the valley of salt twelve thousand. O God, Thou hast cast us off, Thou hast scattered us, Thou hast been displeased; O turn Thyself to us again. 2 Thou hast made the earth to tremble; Thou hast broken it: heal the breaches thereof; for it shaketh. 3 Thou hast shewed Thy people hard things: Thou hast made us to drink the wine of astonishment. 4 Thou hast given a banner to them that fear thee, that it may be displayed because of the truth. Selah. 5 That Thy beloved may be delivered; Save with Thy right hand, and hear me. 6 God hath spoken in His holiness; I will rejoice, I will divide Shechem, and mete out the valley of Succoth. 7 Gilead is mine, and Manasseh is mine; Ephraim also is the strength of mine head; Judah is my lawgiver; 8 Moab is my washpot; over Edom will I cast out my shoe: Philistia, triumph thou because of me. 9 Who will bring me into the strong city? who will lead me into Edom? 10 Wilt not thou, O God, Which hadst cast us off? and Thou, O God, Which didst not go out with our armies? 11 Give us help from trouble: for vain is the help of man. 12 Through God we shall do valiantly: for he it is That shall tread down our enemies. Psalm 83:1–6: 1 A Song or Psalm of Asaph. Keep not Thou silence, O God: hold not Thy peace, and be not still, O GOD. 2 For, lo, Thine enemies make a tumult: and they that hate Thee have lifted up the head. 3 They have taken crafty counsel against Thy people, and consulted against Thy hidden ones. 4 They have said, “Come, and let us cut them off from being a nation; That the name of Israel may be no more in remembrance.” 5 For they have consulted together with one consent: They are confederate against Thee: 6 The tabernacles of Edom, and the Ishmaelites; of Moab, and the Hagarenes; 7 Gebal, and Ammon, and Amalek; the Philistines with the inhabitants of Tyre; 8 Assur also is joined with them: they have holpen the children of Lot. Selah. Psalm 108:1–13: 1 A Song or Psalm of David. O God, my heart is fixed; I will sing and give praise, even with my glory. 2 Awake, psaltery and harp: I myself will awake early. 3 I will praise Thee, O LORD , among the people: and I will sing praises unto Thee among the nations. 4 For Thy mercy is great above the heavens: and Thy truth reacheth unto the clouds. 5 Be Thou exalted, O God, above the heavens: and Thy glory above all the earth; 6 That Thy beloved may be delivered: save with Thy right hand, and answer me. 7 God hath spoken in His holiness; I will rejoice, I will divide Shechem, and mete out the valley of Succoth. 8 Gilead is mine; Manasseh is mine; Ephraim also is the strength of mine head; Judah is my lawgiver; 9 Moab is my washpot; over Edom will I cast out my shoe; over Philistia will I triumph. 10 Who will bring me into the strong city? who will lead me into Edom? 11 Wilt not Thou, O God, Who hast cast us off? and wilt not Thou, O God, go forth with our hosts? 12 Give us help from trouble: for vain is the help of man. 13 Through God we shall do valiantly: for He it is That shall tread down our enemies. To the chief musician. Psalm 137:1–8: 1 By the rivers of Babylon, There we sat down, Yea, we wept, When we

remembered Zion. 2 We hanged our harps Upon the willows in the midst thereof. 3 For there they that carried us away captive required of us a song; and they that wasted us required of us mirth, saying, “Sing us one of the songs of Zion.” 4 How shall we sing the LORD ’s song In a strange land? 5 If I forget thee, O Jerusalem, Let my right hand forget her cunning. 6 If I do not remember thee, Let my tongue cleave to the roof of my mouth; If I prefer not Jerusalem above my chief joy. 7 Remember, O LORD , the children of Edom In the day of Jerusalem; who said, “Rase it, rase it, Even to the foundation thereof.” 8 O daughter of Babylon, who art to be destroyed; Happy shall he be, that rewardeth thee As thou hast served us. 9 Happy shall he be, that taketh and dasheth thy little ones Against the stones. Mark 3:7–8: 7 But Jesus withdrew Himself with His disciples to the sea: and a great multitude from Galilee followed Him, and from Judaea, 8 And from Jerusalem, and from Idumaea, and from beyond Jordan; and they about Tyre and Sidon, a great multitude, when they had heard what great things He did, came unto Him.

Prophecies Concerning Esau Baalam’s Prophecy Numbers 24:15–25: 15 And he took up his parable, and said, “Balaam the son of Beor hath said, And the man whose eyes are open hath said: 16 He hath said, which heard the words of GOD , and knew the knowledge of the Most High, Which saw the vision of the Almighty, falling into a trance, but having his eyes open: 17 I shall see Him, but not now: I shall behold him, but not nigh: there shall come a Star out of Jacob, and a Sceptre shall rise out of Israel, And shall smite the corners of Moab, And destroy all the children of Sheth. 18 And Edom shall be a possession, Seir also shall be a possession for his enemies; And Israel shall do valiantly. 19 Out of Jacob shall come he that shall have dominion, and shall destroy him that remaineth of the city.’” 20 And when he looked on Amalek, he took up his parable, and said, “Amalek was the first of the nations; but his latter end shall be that he perish for ever.” 21 And he looked on the Kenites, and took up his parable, and said, “Strong is thy dwellingplace, and thou puttest thy nest in a rock. 22 Nevertheless the Kenite shall be wasted, Until Asshur shall carry thee away captive.” 23 And he took up his parable, and said, “Alas, who shall live when GOD doeth this! 24 And ships shall come from the coast of Chittim, and shall afflict Asshur, and shall afflict Eber, And he also shall perish for ever. 25 And Balaam rose up, and went and returned to his place: and Balak also went his way. Isaiah 11:11–16: 11 And it shall come to pass in that day, that the LORD shall set His hand again the second time to recover the remnant of His people, which shall be left, from Assyria, and from Egypt, and from Pathros, and from Cush, and from Elam, and from Shinar, and from Hamath, and from the islands of the sea. 12 And He shall set up an ensign for the nations, and shall assemble the outcasts of Israel, and gather together the dispersed of Judah from the four corners of the earth. 13 The envy also of Ephraim shall depart, and the adversaries of Judah shall be cut off: Ephraim shall not envy Judah, and Judah shall not vex Ephraim. 14 But they shall fly upon the shoulders of the Philistines toward the west; they shall spoil them of the east together: they shall lay their hand upon Edom and Moab; and the children of Ammon shall obey them. 15 And the LORD shall utterly destroy the tongue of the Egyptian sea; and with His mighty wind shall He shake His hand over the river, and shall smite it in the seven streams, and make men go over dryshod. 16 And there shall be an highway for the remnant of His people, which shall be left, from Assyria; like as it was to Israel in the day that he came up out of the land of Egypt. Isaiah 21:11: 11 The burden of Dumah. He calleth to me out of Seir, “Watchman, what of the night? Watchman, what of the night?” 12 The watchman said, “The morning cometh, and also the night: if ye will enquire, enquire ye: return, come.” Isaiah 34:1–16: 1 Come near, ye nations, to hear; and hearken, ye people: let the earth hear, and all that is therein; the world, and all things that come forth of it. 2 For the indignation of the LORD is upon all nations, and His fury upon all their armies: He hath utterly destroyed them, He hath delivered them to the slaughter. 3 Their slain also shall be cast out, and their stink shall come up out of their carcases, and the mountains shall be melted with their blood. 4 And all the

host of heaven shall be dissolved, and the heavens shall be rolled together as a scroll: and all their host shall fall down, as the leaf falleth off from the vine, and as a falling fig from the fig tree. 5 For My sword shall be bathed in heaven: behold, it shall come down upon Idumea, and upon the people of My curse, to judgment. 6 The sword of the LORD is filled with blood, it is made fat with fatness, and with the blood of lambs and goats, with the fat of the kidneys of rams: for the LORD hath a sacrifice in Bozrah, and a great slaughter in the land of Idumea. 7 And the unicorns shall come down with them, and the bullocks with the bulls; and their land shall be soaked with blood, and their dust made fat with fatness. 8 For it is the day of the LORD ’S vengeance, and the year of recompences for the controversy of Zion. 9 And the streams thereof shall be turned into pitch, and the dust thereof into brimstone, and the land thereof shall become burning pitch. 10 It shall not be quenched night nor day; the smoke thereof shall go up for ever: from generation to generation it shall lie waste; none shall pass through it for ever and ever. 11 But the cormorant and the bittern shall possess it; the owl also and the raven shall dwell in it: and He shall stretch out upon it the line of confusion, and the stones of emptiness. 12 They shall call the nobles thereof to the kingdom, but none shall be there, and all her princes shall be nothing. 13 And thorns shall come up in her palaces, nettles and brambles in the fortresses thereof: and it shall be an habitation of dragons, and a court for owls. 14 The wild beasts of the desert shall also meet with the wild beasts of the island, and the satyr shall cry to his fellow; the screech owl also shall rest there, and find for herself a place of rest. 15 There shall the great owl make her nest, and lay, and hatch, and gather under her shadow: there shall the vultures also be gathered, every one with her mate. 16 Seek ye out of the book of the LORD , and read: no one of these shall fail, none shall want her mate: for My mouth it hath commanded, and His Spirit it hath gathered them. 17 And he hath cast the lot for them, and His hand hath divided it unto them by line: they shall possess it for ever, from generation to generation shall they dwell therein. Isaiah 63:1–6: 1 Who is This That cometh from Edom, with dyed garments from Bozrah? This That is glorious in His apparel, travelling in the greatness of His strength? I That speak in righteousness, mighty to save. 2 Wherefore art Thou red in thine apparel, and Thy garments like him that treadeth in the winefat? 3 I have trodden the winepress alone; and of the people there was none with Me: for I will tread them in Mine anger, and trample them in My fury; and their blood shall be sprinkled upon My garments, and I will stain all My raiment. 4 For the day of vengeance is in Mine heart, and the year of My redeemed is come. 5 And I looked, and there was none to help; and I wondered that there was none to uphold: therefore Mine own arm brought salvation unto Me; and My fury, it upheld Me. 6 And I will tread down the people in Mine anger, and make them drunk in My fury, and I will bring down their strength to the earth. Jeremiah 9:25–26: 25 Behold, the days come, saith the LORD , that I will punish all them which are circumcised with the uncircumcised; 26 Egypt, and Judah, and Edom, and the children of Ammon, and Moab, and all that are in the utmost corners, that dwell in the wilderness: for all these nations are uncircumcised, and all the house of Israel are uncircumcised in the heart. Jeremiah 25:17–29: 17 Then took I the cup at the LORD ’s hand, and made all the nations to drink, unto whom the LORD had sent me: 18 To wit, Jerusalem, and the cities of Judah, and the kings thereof, and the princes thereof, to make them a desolation, an astonishment, an hissing, and a curse; as it is this day; 19 Pharaoh king of Egypt, and his servants, and his princes, and all

his people; 20 And all the mingled people, and all the kings of the land of Uz, and all the kings of the land of the Philistines, and Ashkelon, and Azzah, and Ekron, and the remnant of Ashdod, 21 Edom, and Moab, and the children of Ammon, 22 And all the kings of Tyrus, and all the kings of Zidon, and the kings of the isles which are beyond the sea, 23 Dedan, and Tema, and Buz, and all that are in the utmost corners, 24 And all the kings of Arabia, and all the kings of the mingled people that dwell in the desert, 25 And all the kings of Zimri, and all the kings of Elam, and all the kings of the Medes, 26 And all the kings of the north, far and near, one with another, and all the kingdoms of the world, which are upon the face of the earth: and the king of Sheshach shall drink after them. 27 Therefore thou shalt say unto them, Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel; ‘Drink ye, and be drunken, and spue, and fall, and rise no more, because of the sword which I will send among you.’” 28 And it shall be, if they refuse to take the cup at thine hand to drink, then shalt thou say unto them, ‘Thus saith the LORD of hosts; ‘Ye shall certainly drink. 29 For, lo, I begin to bring evil on the city which is called by My name, and should ye be utterly unpunished? Ye shall not be unpunished: for I will call for a sword upon all the inhabitants of the earth, saith the LORD of hosts.’ ‘ Jeremiah 27:1–11: 1 In the beginning of the reign of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah king of Judah came this word unto Jeremiah from the LORD , saying, 2 “Thus saith the LORD to me; ‘Make thee bonds and yokes, and put them upon thy neck, 3 And send them to the king of Edom, and to the king of Moab, and to the king of the Ammonites, and to the king of Tyrus, and to the king of Zidon, by the hand of the messengers which come to Jerusalem unto Zedekiah king of Judah; 4 And command them to say unto their masters, ‘Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel; Thus shall ye say unto your masters; 5 ‘I have made the earth, the man and the beast that are upon the ground, by My great power and by My outstretched arm, and have given it unto whom it seemed meet unto Me. 6 And now have I given all these lands into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon, My servant; and the beasts of the field have I given him also to serve him. 7 And all nations shall serve him, and his son, and his son’s son, until the very time of his land come: and then many nations and great kings shall serve themselves of him. 8 And it shall come to pass, that the nation and kingdom which will not serve the same Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon, and that will not put their neck under the yoke of the king of Babylon, that nation will I punish, saith the LORD , with the sword, and with the famine, and with the pestilence, until I have consumed them by his hand. 9 Therefore hearken not ye to your prophets, nor to your diviners, nor to your dreamers, nor to your enchanters, nor to your sorcerers, which speak unto you, saying, ‘Ye shall not serve the king of Babylon:’ 10 For they prophesy a lie unto you, to remove you far from your land; and that I should drive you out, and ye should perish. 11 But the nations that bring their neck under the yoke of the king of Babylon, and serve him, those will I let remain still in their own land, saith the LORD ; and they shall till it, and dwell therein.’ ‘ ’” Jeremiah 40:9–17: 9 And Gedaliah the son of Ahikam the son of Shaphan sware unto them and to their men, saying, “Fear not to serve the Chaldeans: dwell in the land, and serve the king of Babylon, and it shall be well with you. 10 As for me, behold, I will dwell at Mizpah to serve the Chaldeans, which will come unto us: but ye, gather ye wine, and summer fruits, and oil, and put them in your vessels, and dwell in your cities that ye have taken.” 11 Likewise when all the Jews that were in Moab, and among the Ammonites, and in Edom, and that were in all the countries, heard that the king of Babylon had left a remnant of Judah, and that he had set over them

Gedaliah the son of Ahikam the son of Shaphan; 12 Even all the Jews returned out of all places whither they were driven, and came to the land of Judah, to Gedaliah, unto Mizpah, and gathered wine and summer fruits very much. 13 Moreover Johanan the son of Kareah, and all the captains of the forces that were in the fields, came to Gedaliah to Mizpah, 14 And said unto him, “Dost thou certainly know that Baalis the king of the Ammonites hath sent Ishmael the son of Nethaniah to slay thee?” But Gedaliah the son of Ahikam believed them not. 15 Then Johanan the son of Kareah spake to Gedaliah in Mizpah secretly, saying, “Let me go, I pray thee, and I will slay Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and no man shall know it: wherefore should he slay thee, that all the Jews which are gathered unto thee should be scattered, and the remnant in Judah perish?” 16 But Gedaliah the son of Ahikam said unto Johanan the son of Kareah, “Thou shalt not do this thing: for thou speakest falsely of Ishmael.” Jeremiah 48:14–25: 14 How say ye, ‘We are mighty and strong men for the war?’ 15 Moab is spoiled, and gone up out of her cities, and his chosen young men are gone down to the slaughter, saith the King, Whose name is the LORD of hosts. 16 “The calamity of Moab is near to come, and his affliction hasteth fast. 17 All ye that are about him, bemoan him; and all ye that know his name, say, ‘How is the strong staff broken, and the beautiful rod!’ 18 Thou daughter that dost inhabit Dibon, come down from thy glory, and sit in thirst; for the spoiler of Moab shall come upon thee, and he shall destroy thy strong holds. 19 O inhabitant of Aroer, stand by the way, and espy; ask him that fleeth, and her that escapeth, and say, ‘What is done?’ 20 Moab is confounded; for it is broken down: howl and cry; tell ye it in Arnon, that Moab is spoiled, 21 And judgment is come upon the plain country; upon Holon, and upon Jahazah, and upon Mephaath, 22 And upon Dibon, and upon Nebo, and upon Beth-diblathaim, 23 And upon Kiriathaim, and upon Beth-gamul, and upon Beth-meon, 24 And upon Kerioth, and upon Bozrah, and upon all the cities of the land of Moab, far or near. Jeremiah 49:7–22: 7 Concerning Edom, thus saith the LORD of hosts; “Is wisdom no more in Teman? is counsel perished from the prudent? is their wisdom vanished? 8 Flee ye, turn back, dwell deep, O inhabitants of Dedan; for I will bring the calamity of Esau upon him, the time that I will visit him. 9 If grapegatherers come to thee, would they not leave some gleaning grapes? if thieves by night, they will destroy till they have enough. 10 But I have made Esau bare, I have uncovered his secret places, and he shall not be able to hide himself: his seed is spoiled, and his brethren, and his neighbours, and he is not. 11 Leave thy fatherless children, I will preserve them alive; and let thy widows trust in Me.” 12 For thus saith the LORD ; “Behold, they whose judgment was not to drink of the cup have assuredly drunken; and art thou he that shall altogether go unpunished? thou shalt not go unpunished, but thou shalt surely drink of it. 13 For I have sworn by Myself, saith the LORD , that Bozrah shall become a desolation, a reproach, a waste, and a curse; and all the cities thereof shall be perpetual wastes.” 14 I have heard a rumour from the LORD , and an ambassador is sent unto the heathen, saying, “Gather ye together, and come against her, and rise up to the battle.” 15 For, lo, I will make thee small among the heathen, and despised among men. 16 Thy terribleness hath deceived thee, and the pride of thine heart, O thou that dwellest in the clefts of the rock, that holdest the height of the hill: though thou shouldest make thy nest as high as the eagle, I will bring thee down from thence, saith the LORD . 17 Also Edom shall be a desolation: every one that goeth by it shall be astonished, and shall hiss at all the plagues thereof. 18 As in the overthrow of Sodom and Gomorrah and the neighbour cities thereof,

saith the LORD , no man shall abide there, neither shall a son of man dwell in it. 19 Behold, he shall come up like a lion from the swelling of Jordan against the habitation of the strong: but I will suddenly make him run away from her: and who is a chosen man, that I may appoint over her? for who is like Me? and who will appoint Me the time? and who is that shepherd that will stand before Me? 20 Therefore hear the counsel of the LORD , that He hath taken against Edom; and His purposes, that He hath purposed against the inhabitants of Teman: Surely the least of the flock shall draw them out: surely He shall make their habitations desolate with them. 21 The earth is moved at the noise of their fall, at the cry the noise thereof was heard in the Red sea. 22 Behold, he shall come up and fly as the eagle, and spread his wings over Bozrah: and at that day shall the heart of the mighty men of Edom be as the heart of a woman in her pangs.” Lamentations 4:21–22: 21 Rejoice and be glad, O daughter of Edom, that dwellest in the land of Uz; the cup also shall pass through unto thee: thou shalt be drunken, and shalt make thyself naked. 22 The punishment of thine iniquity is accomplished, O daughter of Zion; He will no more carry thee away into captivity: he will visit thine iniquity, O daughter of Edom; He will discover thy sins. Ezekiel 25:8–17: 8 Thus saith the Lord GOD; ‘Because that Moab and Seir do say, ‘Behold, the house of Judah is like unto all the heathen;’ 9 Therefore, behold, I will open the side of Moab from the cities, from his cities which are on his frontiers, the glory of the country, Beth-jeshimoth, Baal-meon, and Kiriathaim, 10 Unto the men of the east with the Ammonites, and will give them in possession, that the Ammonites may not be remembered among the nations. 11 And I will execute judgments upon Moab; and they shall know that I am the LORD .’ 12 Thus saith the Lord GOD; ‘Because that Edom hath dealt against the house of Judah by taking vengeance, and hath greatly offended, and revenged himself upon them; 13 Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD; I will also stretch out Mine hand upon Edom, and will cut off man and beast from it; and I will make it desolate from Teman; and they of Dedan shall fall by the sword. 14 And I will lay My vengeance upon Edom by the hand of My people Israel: and they shall do in Edom according to Mine anger and according to My fury; and they shall know My vengeance, saith the Lord GOD. Ezekiel 32:29: 29 There is Edom, her kings, and all her princes, which with their might are laid by them that were slain by the sword: they shall lie with the uncircumcised, and with them that go down to the pit. Ezekiel 35:1–15: 1 Moreover the word of the LORD came unto me, saying, 2 “Son of man, set thy face against mount Seir, and prophesy against it, 3 And say unto it, ‘Thus saith the Lord GOD; ‘Behold, O mount Seir, I am against thee, and I will stretch out Mine hand against thee, and I will make thee most desolate. 4 I will lay thy cities waste, and thou shalt be desolate, and thou shalt know that I am the LORD . 5 Because thou hast had a perpetual hatred, and hast shed the blood of the children of Israel by the force of the sword in the time of their calamity, in the time that their iniquity had an end: 6 Therefore, as I live, saith the Lord GOD, ‘I will prepare thee unto blood, and blood shall pursue thee: sith thou hast not hated blood, even blood shall pursue thee. 7 Thus will I make mount Seir most desolate, and cut off from it him that passeth out and him that returneth. 8 And I will fill his mountains with his slain men: in thy hills, and in thy valleys, and in all thy rivers, shall they fall that are slain with the sword. 9 I will make thee perpetual desolations,

and thy cities shall not return: and ye shall know that I am the LORD . 10 Because thou hast said, ‘These two nations and these two countries shall be mine, and we will possess it;’ whereas the LORD was there: 11 Therefore, as I live, saith the Lord GOD, ‘I will even do according to thine anger, and according to thine envy which thou hast used out of thy hatred against them; and I will make Myself known among them, when I have judged thee. 12 And thou shalt know that I am the LORD , and that I have heard all thy blasphemies which thou hast spoken against the mountains of Israel, saying, ‘They are laid desolate, they are given us to consume.’ 13 Thus with your mouth ye have boasted against Me, and have multiplied your words against Me: I have heard them.’ 14 Thus saith the Lord GOD; ‘When the whole earth rejoiceth, I will make thee desolate. 15 As thou didst rejoice at the inheritance of the house of Israel, because it was desolate, so will I do unto thee: thou shalt be desolate, O mount Seir, and all Idumea, even all of it: and they shall know that I am the LORD .’ ‘” Ezekiel 36:1–14: 1 Also, thou son of man, prophesy unto the mountains of Israel, and say, “Ye mountains of Israel, hear the word of the LORD : 2 Thus saith the Lord GOD; ‘Because the enemy hath said against you, ‘Aha, even the ancient high places are ours in possession:’ 3 Therefore prophesy and say, “Thus saith the Lord GOD; Because they have made you desolate, and swallowed you up on every side, that ye might be a possession unto the residue of the heathen, and ye are taken up in the lips of talkers, and are an infamy of the people: 4 Therefore, ye mountains of Israel, hear the word of the Lord GOD; Thus saith the Lord GOD to the mountains, and to the hills, to the rivers, and to the valleys, to the desolate wastes, and to the cities that are forsaken, which became a prey and derision to the residue of the heathen that are round about; 5 Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD; Surely in the fire of My jealousy have I spoken against the residue of the heathen, and against all Idumea, which have appointed My land into their possession with the joy of all their heart, with despiteful minds, to cast it out for a prey.’ 6 Prophesy therefore concerning the land of Israel, and say unto the mountains, and to the hills, to the rivers, and to the valleys, ‘Thus saith the Lord GOD; Behold, I have spoken in My jealousy and in My fury, because ye have borne the shame of the heathen: 7 Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD; I have lifted up Mine hand, Surely the heathen that are about you, they shall bear their shame. 8 But ye, O mountains of Israel, ye shall shoot forth your branches, and yield your fruit to My people of Israel; for they are at hand to come. 9 For, behold, I am for you, and I will turn unto you, and ye shall be tilled and sown: 10 And I will multiply men upon you, all the house of Israel, even all of it: and the cities shall be inhabited, and the wastes shall be builded: 11 And I will multiply upon you man and beast; and they shall increase and bring fruit: and I will settle you after your old estates, and will do better unto you than at your beginnings: and ye shall know that I am the LORD . 12 Yea, I will cause men to walk upon you, even My people Israel; and they shall possess thee, and thou shalt be their inheritance, and thou shalt no more henceforth bereave them of men.’ 13 Thus saith the Lord GOD; ‘Because they say unto you, ‘Thou land devourest up men, and hast bereaved thy nations;’ 14 Therefore thou shalt devour men no more, neither bereave thy nations any more,’ saith the Lord GOD. 15 ‘Neither will I cause men to hear in thee the shame of the heathen any more, neither shalt thou bear the reproach of the people any more, neither shalt thou cause thy nations to fall any more, saith the Lord GOD.” Ezekiel 38:1–39:29: 1 And the word of the LORD came unto me, saying, 2 “Son of man, set thy face against Gog, the land of Magog, the chief prince of Meshech and Tubal, and prophesy

against him, 3 And say, ‘Thus saith the Lord GOD; ‘Behold, I am against thee, O Gog, the chief prince of Meshech and Tubal: 4 And I will turn thee back, and put hooks into thy jaws, and I will bring thee forth, and all thine army, horses and horsemen, all of them clothed with all sorts of armour, even a great company with bucklers and shields, all of them handling swords: 5 Persia, Ethiopia, and Libya with them; all of them with shield and helmet: 6 Gomer, and all his bands; the house of Togarmah of the north quarters, and all his bands: and many people with thee. 7 Be thou prepared, and prepare for thyself, thou, and all thy company that are assembled unto thee, and be thou a guard unto them. 8 After many days thou shalt be visited: in the latter years thou shalt come into the land that is brought back from the sword, and is gathered out of many people, against the mountains of Israel, which have been always waste: but it is brought forth out of the nations, and they shall dwell safely all of them. 9 Thou shalt ascend and come like a storm, thou shalt be like a cloud to cover the land, thou, and all thy bands, and many people with thee.’ 10 Thus saith the Lord GOD; ‘It shall also come to pass, that at the same time shall things come into thy mind, and thou shalt think an evil thought: 11 And thou shalt say, ‘I will go up to the land of unwalled villages; I will go to them that are at rest, that dwell safely, all of them dwelling without walls, and having neither bars nor gates, 12 To take a spoil, and to take a prey;’ to turn thine hand upon the desolate places that are now inhabited, and upon the people that are gathered out of the nations, which have gotten cattle and goods, that dwell in the midst of the land. 13 Sheba, and Dedan, and the merchants of Tarshish, with all the young lions thereof, shall say unto thee, ‘Art thou come to take a spoil? hast thou gathered thy company to take a prey? to carry away silver and gold, to take away cattle and goods, to take a great spoil?’ ‘ ’ 14 Therefore, son of man, prophesy and say unto Gog, ‘Thus saith the Lord GOD; In that day when My people of Israel dwelleth safely, shalt thou not know it? 15 And thou shalt come from thy place out of the north parts, thou, and many people with thee, all of them riding upon horses, a great company, and a mighty army: 16 And thou shalt come up against My people of Israel, as a cloud to cover the land; it shall be in the latter days, and I will bring thee against my land, that the heathen may know Me, when I shall be sanctified in thee, O Gog, before their eyes.’ 17 Thus saith the Lord GOD; ‘Art thou he of whom I have spoken in old time by My servants the prophets of Israel, which prophesied in those days many years that I would bring thee against them? 18 And it shall come to pass at the same time when Gog shall come against the land of Israel, saith the Lord GOD, that My fury shall come up in My face. 19 For in My jealousy and in the fire of My wrath have I spoken, Surely in that day there shall be a great shaking in the land of Israel; 20 So that the fishes of the sea, and the fowls of the heaven, and the beasts of the field, and all creeping things that creep upon the earth, and all the men that are upon the face of the earth, shall shake at My presence, and the mountains shall be thrown down, and the steep places shall fall, and every wall shall fall to the ground. 21 And I will call for a sword against him throughout all My mountains, saith the Lord GOD: every man’s sword shall be against his brother. 22 And I will plead against him with pestilence and with blood; and I will rain upon him, and upon his bands, and upon the many people that are with him, an overflowing rain, and great hailstones, fire, and brimstone. 23 Thus will I magnify Myself, and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of many nations, and they shall know that I am the LORD .’ ‘ 1 Therefore, thou son of man, prophesy against Gog, and say, ‘Thus saith the Lord GOD; Behold, I am against thee, O Gog, the chief prince of Meshech and Tubal: 2 And I will turn thee back, and leave but the sixth part of thee, and will cause thee to come up from the north parts, and will bring thee upon the mountains of Israel: 3 And I will smite thy bow out of thy left hand, and will cause thine arrows to fall out of

thy right hand. 4 Thou shalt fall upon the mountains of Israel, thou, and all thy bands, and the people that is with thee: I will give thee unto the ravenous birds of every sort, and to the beasts of the field to be devoured. 5 Thou shalt fall upon the open field: for I have spoken it, saith the Lord GOD. 6 And I will send a fire on Magog, and among them that dwell carelessly in the isles: and they shall know that I am the LORD . 7 So will I make My holy name known in the midst of My people Israel; and I will not let them pollute My holy name any more: and the heathen shall know that I am the LORD , the Holy One in Israel. 8 Behold, it is come, and it is done, saith the Lord GOD; this is the day whereof I have spoken. 9 And they that dwell in the cities of Israel shall go forth, and shall set on fire and burn the weapons, both the shields and the bucklers, the bows and the arrows, and the handstaves, and the spears, and they shall burn them with fire seven years: 10 So that they shall take no wood out of the field, neither cut down any out of the forests; for they shall burn the weapons with fire: and they shall spoil those that spoiled them, and rob those that robbed them, saith the Lord GOD. 11 And it shall come to pass in that day, that I will give unto Gog a place there of graves in Israel, the valley of the passengers on the east of the sea: and it shall stop the noses of the passengers: and there shall they bury Gog and all his multitude: and they shall call it The valley of Hamon-gog. 12 And seven months shall the house of Israel be burying of them, that they may cleanse the land. 13 Yea, all the people of the land shall bury them; and it shall be to them a renown the day that I shall be glorified, saith the Lord GOD. 14 And they shall sever out men of continual employment, passing through the land to bury with the passengers those that remain upon the face of the earth, to cleanse it: after the end of seven months shall they search. 15 And the passengers that pass through the land, when any seeth a man’s bone, then shall he set up a sign by it, till the buriers have buried it in the valley of Hamongog. 16 And also the name of the city shall be Hamonah. Thus shall they cleanse the land.’ ‘ 17 And, thou son of man, thus saith the Lord GOD; ‘Speak unto every feathered fowl, and to every beast of the field, Assemble yourselves, and come; gather yourselves on every side to My sacrifice that I do sacrifice for you, even a great sacrifice upon the mountains of Israel, that ye may eat flesh, and drink blood. 18 Ye shall eat the flesh of the mighty, and drink the blood of the princes of the earth, of rams, of lambs, and of goats, of bullocks, all of them fatlings of Bashan. 19 And ye shall eat fat till ye be full, and drink blood till ye be drunken, of My sacrifice which I have sacrificed for you. 20 Thus ye shall be filled at My table with horses and chariots, with mighty men, and with all men of war, saith the Lord GOD. 21 And I will set My glory among the heathen, and all the heathen shall see My judgment that I have executed, and My hand that I have laid upon them. 22 So the house of Israel shall know that I am the LORD their God from that day and forward. 23 And the heathen shall know that the house of Israel went into captivity for their iniquity: because they trespassed against Me, therefore hid I My face from them, and gave them into the hand of their enemies: so fell they all by the sword. 24 According to their uncleanness and according to their transgressions have I done unto them, and hid My face from them. 25 Therefore’ thus saith the Lord GOD; ‘Now will I bring again the captivity of Jacob, and have mercy upon the whole house of Israel, and will be jealous for My holy name; 26 After that they have borne their shame, and all their trespasses whereby they have trespassed against Me, when they dwelt safely in their land, and none made them afraid. 27 When I have brought them again from the people, and gathered them out of their enemies’ lands, and am sanctified in them in the sight of many nations; 28 Then shall they know that I am the LORD their God, which caused them to be led into captivity among the heathen: but I have gathered them unto their own land, and have left none of them any more there. 29 Neither will I hide My face any more from

them: for I have poured out My spirit upon the house of Israel, saith the Lord GOD.’ ‘” Daniel 11:40–45: 40 And at the time of the end shall the king of the south push at him: and the king of the north shall come against him like a whirlwind, with chariots, and with horsemen, and with many ships; and he shall enter into the countries, and shall overflow and pass over. 41 He shall enter also into the glorious land, and many countries shall be overthrown: but these shall escape out of his hand, even Edom, and Moab, and the chief of the children of Ammon. 42 He shall stretch forth his hand also upon the countries: and the land of Egypt shall not escape. 43 But he shall have power over the treasures of gold and of silver, and over all the precious things of Egypt: and the Libyans and the Ethiopians shall be at his steps. 44 But tidings out of the east and out of the north shall trouble him: therefore he shall go forth with great fury to destroy, and utterly to make away many. 45 And he shall plant the tabernacles of his palace between the seas in the glorious holy mountain; yet he shall come to his end, and none shall help him. Joel 3:19–21: 19 Egypt shall be a desolation, and Edom shall be a desolate wilderness, for the violence against the children of Judah, because they have shed innocent blood in their land. 20 But Judah shall dwell for ever, and Jerusalem from generation to generation. 21 For I will cleanse their blood that I have not cleansed: for the LORD dwelleth in Zion. Amos 1:11–2:3: 11 Thus saith the LORD ; “For three transgressions of Edom, and for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof; because he did pursue his brother with the sword, and did cast off all pity, and his anger did tear perpetually, and he kept his wrath for ever: 12 But I will send a fire upon Teman, which shall devour the palaces of Bozrah.” 13 Thus saith the LORD ; “For three transgressions of the children of Ammon, and for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof; because they have ripped up the women with child of Gilead, that they might enlarge their border: 14 But I will kindle a fire in the wall of Rabbah, and it shall devour the palaces thereof, with shouting in the day of battle, with a tempest in the day of the whirlwind: 15 And their king shall go into captivity, he and his princes together, saith the LORD . 1 Thus saith the LORD ; “For three transgressions of Moab, and for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof; because he burned the bones of the king of Edom into lime: 2 But I will send a fire upon Moab, and it shall devour the palaces of Kerioth: and Moab shall die with tumult, with shouting, and with the sound of the trumpet: 3 And I will cut off the judge from the midst thereof, and will slay all the princes thereof with him,” saith the LORD . Amos 9:11–15: 11 In that day will I raise up the tabernacle of David that is fallen, and close up the breaches thereof; and I will raise up his ruins, and I will build it as in the days of old: 12 That they may possess the remnant of Edom, and of all the heathen, which are called by My name, saith the LORD That doeth this. 13 Behold, the days come, saith the LORD , that the plowman shall overtake the reaper, and the treader of grapes him that soweth seed; and the mountains shall drop sweet wine, and all the hills shall melt. 14 And I will bring again the captivity of My people of Israel, and they shall build the waste cities, and inhabit them; and they shall plant vineyards, and drink the wine thereof; they shall also make gardens, and eat the fruit of them. 15 And I will plant them upon their land, and they shall no more be pulled up out of their land which I have given them, saith the LORD thy God.

Obadiah 1-21: 1 The vision of Obadiah. Thus saith the Lord GOD concerning Edom; “We have heard a rumour from the LORD , and an ambassador is sent among the heathen, Arise ye, and let us rise up against her in battle.” 2 Behold, I have made thee small among the heathen: thou art greatly despised. 3 The pride of thine heart hath deceived thee, thou that dwellest in the clefts of the rock, whose habitation is high; that saith in his heart, ‘Who shall bring me down to the ground?’ 4 Though thou exalt thyself as the eagle, and though thou set thy nest among the stars, thence will I bring thee down, saith the LORD . 5 If thieves came to thee, if robbers by night, (how art thou cut off!) would they not have stolen till they had enough? if the grapegatherers came to thee, would they not leave some grapes? 6 How are the things of Esau searched out! how are his hidden things sought up! 7 All the men of thy confederacy have brought thee even to the border: the men that were at peace with thee have deceived thee, and prevailed against thee; they that eat thy bread have laid a wound under thee: there is none understanding in him. 8 Shall I not in that day, saith the LORD , even destroy the wise men out of Edom, and understanding out of the mount of Esau? 9 And thy mighty men, O Teman, shall be dismayed, to the end that every one of the mount of Esau may be cut off by slaughter. 10 For thy violence against thy brother Jacob shame shall cover thee, and thou shalt be cut off for ever. 11 In the day that thou stoodest on the other side, in the day that the strangers carried away captive his forces, and foreigners entered into his gates, and cast lots upon Jerusalem, even thou wast as one of them. 12 But thou shouldest not have looked on the day of thy brother in the day that he became a stranger; neither shouldest thou have rejoiced over the children of Judah in the day of their destruction; neither shouldest thou have spoken proudly in the day of distress. 13 Thou shouldest not have entered into the gate of My people in the day of their calamity; yea, thou shouldest not have looked on their affliction in the day of their calamity, nor have laid hands on their substance in the day of their calamity; 14 Neither shouldest thou have stood in the crossway, to cut off those of his that did escape; neither shouldest thou have delivered up those of his that did remain in the day of distress. 15 For the day of the LORD is near upon all the heathen: as thou hast done, it shall be done unto thee: thy reward shall return upon thine own head. 16 For as ye have drunk upon My holy mountain, so shall all the heathen drink continually, yea, they shall drink, and they shall swallow down, and they shall be as though they had not been. 17 But upon mount Zion shall be deliverance, and there shall be holiness; and the house of Jacob shall possess their possessions. 18 And the house of Jacob shall be a fire, and the house of Joseph a flame, and the house of Esau for stubble, and they shall kindle in them, and devour them; and there shall not be any remaining of the house of Esau; for the LORD hath spoken it. 19 And they of the south shall possess the mount of Esau; and they of the plain the Philistines: and they shall possess the fields of Ephraim, and the fields of Samaria: and Benjamin shall possess Gilead. 20 And the captivity of this host of the children of Israel shall possess that of the Canaanites, even unto Zarephath; and the captivity of Jerusalem, which is in Sepharad, shall possess the cities of the south. 21 And saviours shall come up on mount Zion to judge the mount of Esau; and the kingdom shall be the LORD ’s. Micah 2:12–13: 12 I will surely assemble, O Jacob, all of thee; I will surely gather the remnant of Israel; I will put them together as the sheep of Bozrah, as the flock in the midst of their fold: they shall make great noise by reason of the multitude of men. 13 The breaker is come up before them: they have broken up, and have passed through the gate, and are gone out by it: and their king shall pass before them, and the LORD on the head of them.”

Habakkuk 3:1–4: 1 A prayer of Habakkuk the prophet upon Shigionoth. 2 O LORD , I have heard Thy speech, and was afraid: O LORD , revive Thy work in the midst of the years, in the midst of the years make known; in wrath remember mercy. 3 God came from Teman, and the Holy One from mount Paran. Selah. His glory covered the heavens, and the earth was full of His praise. 4 And His brightness was as the light; He had horns coming out of His hand: and there was the hiding of His power. 5 Before Him went the pestilence, and burning coals went forth at His feet. Malachi 1:1–5: 1 The burden of the word of the LORD to Israel by Malachi. 2 I have loved you, saith the LORD . Yet ye say, ‘Wherein hast Thou loved us?’ Was not Esau Jacob’s brother? saith the LORD : yet I loved Jacob, 3 And I hated Esau, and laid his mountains and his heritage waste for the dragons of the wilderness. 4 Whereas Edom saith, ‘We are impoverished, but we will return and build the desolate places;’ thus saith the LORD of hosts, They shall build, but I will throw down; and they shall call them, The border of wickedness, and, The people against whom the LORD hath indignation for ever. 5 And your eyes shall see, and ye shall say, ‘The LORD will be magnified from the border of Israel.’

Esau’s Genealogies Genesis Genealogy Genesis 36:1–43: 1 Now these are the GENERATIONS OF ESAU, who is Edom. 2 Esau took his wives of the daughters of Canaan; Adah the daughter of Elon the Hittite, and Aholibamah the daughter of Anah the daughter of Zibeon the Hivite; 3 And Bashemath Ishmael’s daughter, sister of Nebajoth. 4 And Adah bare to Esau Eliphaz; and Bashemath bare Reuel; 5 And Aholibamah bare Jeush, and Jaalam, and Korah: these are the sons of Esau, which were born unto him in the land of Canaan. 6 And Esau took his wives, and his sons, and his daughters, and all the persons of his house, and his cattle, and all his beasts, and all his substance, which he had got in the land of Canaan; and went into the country from the face of his brother Jacob. 7 For their riches were more than that they might dwell together; and the land wherein they were strangers could not bear them because of their cattle. 8 Thus dwelt Esau in mount Seir: Esau is Edom. 9 And these are the generations of Esau the father of the Edomites in mount Seir: 10 These are the names of Esau’s sons; Eliphaz the son of Adah the wife of Esau, Reuel the son of Bashemath the wife of Esau. 11 And the sons of Eliphaz were Teman, Omar, Zepho, and Gatam, and Kenaz. 12 And Timna was concubine to Eliphaz Esau’s son; and she bare to Eliphaz Amalek: these were the sons of Adah Esau’s wife. 13 And these are the sons of Reuel; Nahath, and Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah: these were the sons of Bashemath Esau’s wife. 14 And these were the sons of Aholibamah, the daughter of Anah the daughter of Zibeon, Esau’s wife: and she bare to Esau Jeush, and Jaalam, and Korah. 15 These were dukes of the sons of Esau: the sons of Eliphaz the firstborn son of Esau; duke Teman, duke Omar, duke Zepho, duke Kenaz, 16 Duke Korah, duke Gatam, and duke Amalek: these are the dukes that came of Eliphaz in the land of Edom; these were the sons of Adah. 17 And these are the sons of Reuel Esau’s son; duke Nahath, duke Zerah, duke Shammah, duke Mizzah: these are the dukes that came of Reuel in the land of Edom; these are the sons of Bashemath Esau’s wife. 18 And these are the sons of Aholibamah Esau’s wife; duke Jeush, duke Jaalam, duke Korah: these were the dukes that came of Aholibamah the daughter of Anah, Esau’s wife. 19 These are the sons of Esau, who is Edom, and these are their dukes. 20 These are the sons of Seir the Horite, who inhabited the land; Lotan, and Shobal, and Zibeon, and Anah, 21 And Dishon, and Ezer, and Dishan: these are the dukes of the Horites, the children of Seir in the land of Edom. 22 And the children of Lotan were Hori and Hemam; and Lotan’s sister was Timna. 23 And the children of Shobal were these; Alvan, and Manahath, and Ebal, Shepho, and Onam. 24 And these are the children of Zibeon; both Ajah, and Anah: this was that Anah that found the mules in the wilderness, as he fed the asses of Zibeon his father. 25 And the children of Anah were these; Dishon, and Aholibamah the daughter of Anah. 26 And these are the children of Dishon; Hemdan, and Eshban, and Ithran, and Cheran. 27 The children of Ezer are these; Bilhan, and Zaavan, and Akan. 28 The children of Dishan are these; Uz, and Aran. 29 These are the dukes that came of the Horites; duke Lotan, duke Shobal, duke Zibeon, duke Anah, 30 Duke Dishon, duke Ezer, duke Dishan: these are the dukes that came of Hori, among their dukes in the land of Seir. 31 And these are the kings that reigned in the land of Edom, before there reigned any king over the children of Israel. 32 And Bela the son of Beor reigned in Edom: and the name of his city was Dinhabah. 33 And Bela died, and Jobab the son of Zerah of Bozrah reigned in his stead. 34 And Jobab died, and Husham of the land of Temani

reigned in his stead. 35 And Husham died, and Hadad the son of Bedad, who smote Midian in the field of Moab, reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Avith. 36 And Hadad died, and Samlah of Masrekah reigned in his stead. 37 And Samlah died, and Saul of Rehoboth by the river reigned in his stead. 38 And Saul died, and Baal-hanan the son of Achbor reigned in his stead. 39 And Baal-hanan the son of Achbor died, and Hadar reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Pau; and his wife’s name was Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred, the daughter of Mezahab. 40 And these are the names of the dukes that came of Esau, according to their families, after their places, by their names; duke Timnah, duke Alvah, duke Jetheth, 41 Duke Aholibamah, duke Elah, duke Pinon, 42 Duke Kenaz, duke Teman, duke Mibzar, 43 Duke Magdiel, duke Iram: these be the dukes of Edom, according to their habitations in the land of their possession: he is Esau the father of the Edomites. Chronicles Genealogy I Chronicles 1:34–54: 34 And Abraham begat Isaac. The sons of Isaac; Esau and Israel. 35 The sons of Esau; Eliphaz, Reuel, and Jeush, and Jaalam, and Korah. 36 The sons of Eliphaz; Teman, and Omar, Zephi, and Gatam, Kenaz, and Timna, and Amalek. 37 The sons of Reuel; Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah. 38 And the sons of Seir; Lotan, and Shobal, and Zibeon, and Anah, and Dishon, and Ezer, and Dishan. 39 And the sons of Lotan; Hori, and Homam: and Timna was Lotan’s sister. 40 The sons of Shobal; Alian, and Manahath, and Ebal, Shephi, and Onam. And the sons of Zibeon; Aiah, and Anah. 41 The sons of Anah; Dishon. And the sons of Dishon; Amram, and Eshban, and Ithran, and Cheran. 42 The sons of Ezer; Bilhan, and Zavan, and Jakan. The sons of Dishan; Uz, and Aran. 43 Now these are the kings that reigned in the land of Edom before any king reigned over the children of Israel; Bela the son of Beor: and the name of his city was Dinhabah. 44 And when Bela was dead, Jobab the son of Zerah of Bozrah reigned in his stead. 45 And when Jobab was dead, Husham of the land of the Temanites reigned in his stead. 46 And when Husham was dead, Hadad the son of Bedad, which smote Midian in the field of Moab, reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Avith. 47 And when Hadad was dead, Samlah of Masrekah reigned in his stead. 48 And when Samlah was dead, Shaul of Rehoboth by the river reigned in his stead. 49 And when Shaul was dead, Baal-hanan the son of Achbor reigned in his stead. 50 And when Baal-hanan was dead, Hadad reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Pai; and his wife’s name was Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred, the daughter of Mezahab. 51 Hadad died also. And the dukes of Edom were; duke Timnah, duke Aliah, duke Jetheth, 52 Duke Aholibamah, duke Elah, duke Pinon, 53 Duke Kenaz, duke Teman, duke Mibzar, 54 Duke Magdiel, duke Iram. These are the dukes of Edom.

Names and Places Associated With Esau Edomites Achbor (5907)prob. for 5909; 5909 prob. from the same as 5908 in the secondary sense of attacking; a mouse (as nibbling) Aholibamah (173) tent of (the) height Aiah/Ajah (345)the screamer, i.e. a hawk Akan (6130) from an unused root mean. to twist; tortuous Aliah/Alvah (5933) moral perverseness Alian (5935) lofty Amalek/Amalekites (6002/6003) prob. of for. or. Amram (6019) high people Anah (6034) answer Aran (765) stridulous Baal-hanan (1177) possessor of grace Bedad (911) separation Bela (1106) a gulp; fig. destruction Beor (1160) a lamp Bilhan (1092) timid Cheran (3763) of uncert. der. Dishan (1789) the leaper, i.e. an antelope Dishon (1787) the leaper, i.e. an antelope Doeg (1673) anxious Ebal (5858) bare Edom (123) red Elah (425) an oak or other strong tree Eliphaz (464) God of gold Esau (6215) rough (i.e. sensibly felt) Eshban (790) vigorous Ezer (5829) aid Gatam (1609) of uncert. der. Hadad (1908) prob. of for. or. Hadar (2316) chamber Hemdan (2533) pleasant Herod (2264 Greek) heroic Homam (1950) raging Hori (2753) cave-dweller or troglodyte Horite (2752) cave-dweller or troglodyte Husham (2367) hastily

Iram (5902) city-wise Ithran (3506) excellent Jaalam (3281) occult Jakan (3292) from the same as 6130; 6130 from an unused root mean. to twist; tortuous Jetheth (3509) of uncert. der. Jeush (3266) hasty Jobab (3103) howler Kenaz (7073) hunter Korah (7141) ice Lotan (3877) covering Magdiel (4025) preciousness of God Manahath (4506) rest Matred (4308) propulsive Mehetabel (4105) bettered of God Mezahab/ Mezahaab (4314) water of gold Mibzar (4014) a fortification, castle, or fortified city; fig. a defender Mizzah (4199) terror Nahath (5184) quiet Nebajoth (5032) fruitfulness Omar (201) talkative Onam (208) strong Pinon (6373) prob. the same as 6325; 6325 perplexity Reuel (7467) friend of God Samlah (8072) prob. for the same as 8071; 8071 a dress, espec. a mantle Saul/Shaul (7586) asked Seir (8165) rough Shammah (8048) ruin; by impl. consternation Shephi (8195) baldness Shobal (7732) overflowing Teman (8487) the same as 8486; 8486 the south (as being on the right hand of a person facing east) Timna/Timnah (8555) restraint Uz (5780) consultation Zaavan/Zavan (2190) disquiet Zepho/Zephi (6825) observant Zerah (2226) a rising of light Zibeon (6649) variegated

Non-Edomites Aaron (175) of uncert. deriv. Abdon (5658) servitude Abiathar (54) father of abundance (i.e. liberal) Abiel (22) father (i.e. possessor) of God Abi-ezrite/Abi-ezrites (33) from 44 with the art. inserted; father of the Ezrite; 44 father of help (i.e. helpful) Abigail (26) father (i.e. source) of joy Abinoam (42) father of pleasantness (i.e. gracious) Abishai (52) father of a gift (i.e. prob. generous) Abner (74) father of light (i.e. enlightening) Abraham (85) father of a multitude Achish (397) of uncert. der. Adah (5711) ornament Agag (90) flame Ahaz (271 Hebrew) possessor Ahaziah (274) Yah has seized Ahikam (296) brother of rising (i.e. high) Ahimaaz (290) brother of anger Ahimelech (288) brother of (the) king Ahinoam (293) brother of pleasantness Ahitub (285) brother of goodness Aholibamah (173)tent of (the) height Amaziah (558) strength of Yah Ammon/Ammonites (5983) tribal, i.e. inbred Amorite/Amorites (567) a mountaineer Amos (5986) burdensome Anah (6034) an answer Anakims (6062) a necklace (as if strangling) Aram-naharaim (763)(5104) Aram (the highland) of (the) two rivers Aram-zobah (760) Aram of Tsoba (or CœleSyria); the highland of a station Asa (609) of uncert. der. Asaph (623) collector Avims (5761) overthrow Baal (1168) a master; hence a husband, or fig. owner (often used with another noun in modifications of this latter sense) Balaam (1109) not (of the) people; i.e.

foreigner Balak (1111) waster Barak (1301) lightning; by anal. a gleam; concr. a flashing sword Bahshemath (1315) fragrance Beeri (882) fountained Benaiah (1141) Yah has built Ben-hadad (1130) son of Hadad (Hadad prob. of for. or.) Benjamite (1144) son of (the) right hand Bethuel (1328) destroyed of God Caleb (3612) a dog; hence (by euphemism) a male prostitute; forcible Canaanite/Canaanites (3669) patrial from 3667, humiliated; by impl. a pedlar (the Canaanites standing for their neighbors the Ishmaelites, who conducted mercantile caravans) Caphtorims (3732)a wreath-shaped island; the original seat of the Philistines. Carmelite (3761) a Karmelite or inhab. of Karmel (the town); a planted field (garden, orchard, vineyard, or park); by impl. garden produce Cherethims/Cherethites (3774) lifeguardsman David (1732) loving Deborah (1683) from 1696 (in the sense of orderly motion); the bee (from its systematic instincts) Dedan (1719) of uncert. der. Dizahab (1774) of gold Eglon (5700) vituline Egyptians (4714) dual of 4693, the same as 4692 in the sense of a limit; 4692, from 6696; something hemming in, i.e. (obj.) a mound (of besiegers), (abstr.) a siege (fig.) distress; or (subj.) a fastness Ehud (164/261) united Eleazar (499) God (is) helper Elijah (452) God of Yahveh Elisha (477) God of supplication (or of riches) Elon (356) oak-grove Emims (368) terrors

Ephraim (669) double fruit Ethiopians (3569) prob. of for. or. Gad (1410) to crowd upon, i.e. attack Gedaliah (1436) Yah has become great Gera (1617) a grain Geshurites (1651) bridge Gezrites (1511) something cut off; a portion Gideon (1439) feller (i.e. warrior) Gog (1463) of uncert. der. Goliath (1555) exile Gomer (1586) completion Habakkuk (2265) embrace Hagarenes (1905) of uncert. (perh. for.) der. Hazael (2371) God has seen Hazeroth (2698) yards Heth (2845) terror Hezekiah (2396) strengthened of Yah Hillel (1985) praising (namely God) Hittite/Hittites (2850) terror Hivite (2340) a villager Horims/Horites (2752) cave-dweller or troglodyte Hur (2354) the crevice of a serpent; the cell of a prison; white linen Isaac (3327) laughter (i.e. mockery) Ishi (3469) saving Ishmael/Ishmaelites (3458) God will hear Ishui (3440) level Jacob (3290) heel-catcher (i.e. supplanter) Jahaziel (3166) beheld of God Jebusites (2983) trodden, i.e. threshing-place Jehoahaz (3059) Yahveh-seized Jehoash (3060) Yahveh-fired Jehoiakim (3079) Yahveh will raise Jehoram (3088) Yahveh-raised Jehoshaphat (3092) Yahveh-judged Jehu (3058) Yahveh (is) He Jeiel (3273) carried away of God Jephunneh (3312) he will be prepared Jerahmeelites (3396) God will compassionate Jerubbaal (3378) Baal will contend Jesse (3448) extant Jezreelitess (3159) God will sow Joab (3097) Yahveh-fathered Joash (3101) Yahveh-fired

Johanan (3110) Yahveh-favored Jonathan (3129) Yahveh-given Joram (3141) Yahveh-raised Joseph (3130) let him add (or perh. simply act. part. adding) Joshua (3091) Yahveh-saved Kareah (7143) bald Kenites (7017) patron. from 7014; a Kenite or member of the tribe of Kajin; 7014 the same as 7013 (with a play upon the affinity to 7069); Kajin, the name of the first child, also of a place in Pal., and of an Oriental tribe; 7013 from 6969 in the sense of fixity; a lance (as striking fast); 6969 a prim. root; to strike a musical note, i.e. chant or wail (at a funeral). Kish (7027) a bow Kohathites (6955) allied Korites (7145) ice Laban (3837) white Leah (3812) weary Levite (3878) attached Libyans (6316) of for. or. Lot (3876) a veil Magog (4031) from 1463; 1463 of uncert. der. Mahalath (4258) sickness Malachi (4401) ministrative Maonites (4584) a residence Mattaniah (4983) gift of Yah Medes (4074) of for. der. Melchishua (4444) king of wealth Merab (4764) increase Meshech (4902) the same in form as 4901, but prob. of for. der.; 4901 a sowing; also a possession Michal (4324) rivulet Midianites (4080) a contest or quarrel Moab (4125) from (her [the mother’s]) father Moses (4872) drawing out (of the water), i.e. rescued Nabal (5037) dolt Nachor (5152) snorer

Nearaiah (5294) servant of Yah Nebajoth (5032) fruitfulness Nebuchadnezzar (5019) of for. der. Ner (5369) lamp Nun (5126) perpetuity Obadiah (5662) serving Yah Oreb (6159) a raven (from its dusky hue) Pelatiah (6410) Yah has delivered Pharaoh (6547) of Eg. der; Paroh, a gen. title of Eg. kings Philistine/Philistines (6430) rolling, i.e. migratory Phurah (6513) foliage Pirathonite (6553) chieftaincy Rabbah (7237) great Rachel (7354) from an unused root mean. to journey; a ewe [the females being the predominant element of a flock] (as a good traveller) Rebekah (7259)from an unused root prob. mean. to clog by tying up the fetlock; fettering (by beauty) Rephaiah (7509) Yah has cured Saul (7586) asked Shaphan (8227) a species of rock-rabbit (from its hiding), i.e. prob. the hyrax Sheba (7614) of for. or. Sheth (8351) tumult Sihon (5511) tempestuous Solomon (8010) peaceful Syrian/Syrians (758) the highland Telaim (2923) lambs Terah (8646) of uncert. der. Togarmah (8425) prob. of for. der. Tubal (8422) prob. of for. der. Uzziah (5818) strength of Yah Uzziel (5816) strength of God Zechariah (2148) Yah has remembered Zedekiah (6667) right of Yah Zeeb (2062) from an unused root mean. to be yellow; a wolf Zeruiah (6870) wounded Zibeon (6649) variegated Zidonians (6722) from 6679 in the sense of catching fish; fishery

Places Abel-meholah (65) meadow of dancing Admah (126) earthy Ajalon (357) deer-field Amalek (6002) prob. of for. or. Ammon (5983) tribal; i.e. inbred Ar (6144) a city Arnon (769) a brawling stream Aroer (6177) nudity of situation Ashdod (795) ravager Asher (836) happy Ashkelon (831) prob. from 8254 in the sense of weighing-place (i.e. mart); 8254 a prim. root; to suspend or poise (espec. in trade) Assur/Asshur/Assyria (804) appar. from 833 (in the sense of successful); 833 a prim. root; to be straight (used in the widest sense, espec. to be level, right, happy); fig. to go forward, be honest, prosper Aven (206) idolatry Avith (5762) ruin Azzah (5804) strong Baalah (1173) a mistress Baal-gad (1171) Baal of Fortune; Baal (1168) a master; hence a husband, or fig. owner (often used with another noun in modifications of this latter sense) Baal-meon (1186) Baal of (the) habitation (of) Babylon (894) confusion Bela (1106) a gulp; fig. destruction Beracah (1294) benediction; by impl. prosperity Besor (1308) cheerful Beth-barah (1012) house of (the) ford Beth-diblathaim (1015) house of (the) two fig-cakes Beth-el (1008) house of God Beth-gamul (1014) house of (the) weaned Beth-horon (1032) house of hollowness Beth-jeshimoth (1020) house of the deserts Beth-meon (1010) house of habitation of

(Baal) Beth-shemesh (1053) house of (the) sun Bozrah (1224) an enclosure; i.e sheep-fold Buz (938) disrespect Canaan (3667) humiliated Caphtor (3731) Caphtor (i.e.) a wreathshaped island, the original seat of the Philistines Carmel (3760) a planted field (garden, orchard, vineyard, or park); by impl. garden produce Chesalon (3693) fertile Chittim (3794) patrial from an unused name denoting Cyprus (only in the plur.); a Kittite or Cypriote; hnece an islander in gen., i.e. the Greeks or Romans on the shores opposite Pal. Cush (3568) prob. of for. or Damascus (1834) of for. or. Dedan (1719) of uncert. der. Dibon (1769) pining Dinhabah (1838) of uncert. der. Dumah (1746) silence; fig. death Eber (5677) prop. a region across; but used only adv. (with or without a prep.) on the opposite side (espec. of the Jordan; usually mean. the east) Eden (5731) pleasure Eder (5740) an arrangement, i.e. muster (of animals) Egypt (4714) dual of 4693, the same as 4692 in the sense of a limit; 4692, from 6696; something hemming in, i.e. (obj.) a mound (of besiegers), (abstr.) a siege (fig.) distress; or (subj.) a fastness Ekron (6138) eradication Elah (425) an oak or other strong tree Elam (5867) hidden, i.e. distant Elath/Eloth (359) trees or a grove (i.e. palms) El-paran (364) oak of Paran Ethiopia (3568) prob. of for. or. Ezion-gaber/Ezion-geber (6100) backbonelike of a man Gath (1661) a wine-press (or vat for holding

the grapes in pressing them) Gaza (5804) strong Gebal (1381) from 1379 (in the sense of a chain of hills; a mountain Gederoth (1450) walls Gibeah (1390) a hillock Gilead (1568), prob. from 1567, which means heap of testimony Gilgal (1537) a wheel; by anal. a whirlwind; also dust (as whirled) Gimzo (1579) of uncert. der. Gomorrah (6017) a (ruined) heap Goshen (1657) prob. of Eg. or. Halak (2510) bare Hamath (2574) walled Hamonah (1997) multitude Hamon-gog (1996) the multitude of Gog Haran (2039) mountaineer Hareth (2802) forest Havilah (2341) circular Hazerim (2699) yards Hazezon-tamar (2688) division [i.e. perh. row] of (the) palm-tree Hermon (2768) abrupt Heshbon (2809) prop. contrivance; by impl. intelligence Holon (2473) sandy Hor (2023) mountain Hormah (2767) devoted Idumea/Idumaea (123 Hebrew/2401 Greek) red Israel (3478) he will rule as God Jabbok (2999) pouring forth Jagur (3017) a lodging Jahazah (3096) from an unused root mean. to stamp; perh. threshing-floor Jearim (3297) forests Jehovah-nissi (3071) Yahveh (is) my banner Jerusalem (3389) founded peaceful Jeshurun (3484) upright Jezreel (3157) God will sow Joktheel (3371) veneration of God Jordan (3383) a descender Judea/Judaea (3061 Hebrew/2449 Greek) celebrated

Judah (3063) celebrated Kabzeel (6909) God has gathered Kadesh (6946) sanctuary Kadesh-barnea (6947) sanctuary of (the) Wilderness of Wandering Kedemoth (6932) beginnings Kir (7024) fortress Kir-haraseth (7025) fortress of earthenware Kiriathaim (7741) plain of a double city Lebanon (3844) (the) white mountain (from its snow) Libnah (3841) some sort of whitish tree; perh. the storax Machir (4353) salesman Mahalath (4258) sickness Manasseh (4519) causing to forget Masrekah (4957) vineyard Mephaath (4158) illuminative Meribah (4809) quarrel Midian (4080) a contest or quarrel Mizpah/Mizpeh (4709) an observatory, espec. for military purposes Moab (4124) from (her [the mother’s]) father Naphtali (5321) my wrestling Nebo (5015) prob. of. for. der. Nethaniah (5418) given of Yah Nob (5011) fruit Ophrah (6084) female fawn Padan-aram (6307) the table-land of Aram (the highland) Paran (6290) ornamental Pathros (6624) of Eg. der. Pau/Pai (6464) screaming Peniel/Penuel (6439) face of God Persia (6539) of for. or. Philistia (6429) rolling, i.e. migratory Pirathon (6552) chieftaincy Ramah (7414) a height (as a seat of idolatry) Red Sea (5488)(3220) 5488 prob. of Eg. or.; a reed, espec. the papyrus; 3220 from an unused root mean. to roar; a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; spec. (wth the art.) the Mediterranean; sometimes a large

river, or an artificial basin; locallly, the west, or (rarely) the south. Rehoboth (7344) streets Rephidim (7508) ballusters Samaria (8111) watch-station Seir (8165) rough Sepharad (5614) of for. der. Shaphat (8202) judge Shechem (7927) ridge Sheshach (8347) of for. der. Shinar (8152) prob. of for. der. Shocho (7755) from a prim. root that means to entwine, i.e. shut in (for formation, protection or restraint) Shur (7793) a wall (as going about) Shigionoth (7692) prop. aberration, i.e. (tech.) a dithyramb or rambling poem Siddim (7708) flats Simeon (8095) hearing Sinai (5514) of uncert. der. Sodom (5467) from an unused root mean. to scorch; burnt (i.e. volcanic or bituminous) district Succoth (5523) booths Syria (758) the highland; Aram or Syria, and its inhabitants; also the name of a son of Shem, a grandson of Nahor, and of an Isr. Tabbath (2888) of uncert. der. Tarshish (8659) prob. the same as 8658 (as the region of the stone, or the reverse); Tarshish, a place on the Mediterranean, hence the epithet of a merchant vessel (as if for or from that port); also the name of a Persian and of an Isr.; 8658 prob. of for. der. [comp. 8659]; a gem, perh. the topaz Tekoa (8620) a trumpet Tema (8485) prob. of for. der. Teman (8487) the same as 8486; 8486 the south (as being on the right hand of a person facing east) Temani (8489) the south (as being on the right hand of a person facing east) Timnah (8553) a portion assigned

Tophel (8603) quagmire Tyre (6865) a rock Uz (5780) consultation Zair (6811) little; (in number) few; (in age) young, (in value) ignoble Zarephath (6886) refinement Zeboiim (6636) gazelles Zebulun (2074) habitation Zeeb (2062) from an unused root mean. to be yellow; a wolf Zered (2218) from an unused root mean. to be exhuberant in growth; lined with shrubbery Zererath (6888) appar. by erroneous transcription for 6868; 6868 appar. from an unused root mean. to pierce; puncture Zidon/Sidon (6721 Hebrew/4605 Greek) from 6679 in the sense of catching fish; fishery Ziklag (6860) of uncert. der. Zimri (2174) musical Zin (6790) from an unused root mean. to prick; a crag Zion (6726) a monumental or guiding pillar Ziz (6732) bloom Zoar (6820) little