Edexcel A-level Bio2b January 2007 Qp
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- Words: 1,208
- Pages: 16
Surname
Centre No.
Initial(s)
Paper Reference
6 1 0 2
Candidate No.
0 1
Signature
Paper Reference(s)
6102/01
Examiner’s use only
Edexcel GCE
Team Leader’s use only
Biology Advanced Subsidiary Unit Test 2B Wednesday 10 January 2007 – Morning Time: 1 hour
Question Leave Number Blank
1 2 3 4 5
Materials required for examination Ruler
Items included with question papers Nil
6 7 8
Instructions to Candidates In the boxes above, write your centre number, candidate number, your surname, initial(s) and signature. Check that you have the correct question paper. Answer ALL EIGHT questions in the spaces provided in this booklet. Show all the steps in any calculations and state the units. Calculators may be used. Include diagrams in your answers where these are helpful.
Information for Candidates The marks for individual questions and parts of questions are shown in round brackets: e.g. (2). The total mark for this paper is 60.
Advice to Candidates You will be assessed on your ability to organise and present information, ideas, descriptions and arguments clearly and logically, taking account of your use of grammar, punctuation and spelling.
Total This publication may be reproduced only in accordance with Edexcel Limited copyright policy. ©2007 Edexcel Limited. Printer’s Log. No.
N24722A W850/R6102/57570 7/7/3/7300
Turn over
*N24722A0116*
Leave blank
Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided. 1.
Read through the passage below on the heart, and then write on the dotted lines the most appropriate word or words to complete the passage. Contraction of the atria (atrial systole) is stimulated by an impulse generated by the ................................................., situated in the wall of the right atrium. The impulse reaches the walls of the ................................................. by means of the bundle of His and Purkyne (Purkinje) fibres. Oxygenated blood is supplied to the heart muscle by the ................................................. which branch directly from the aorta. Heart muscle contains a dense network of ................................................., from which oxygen diffuses to the muscle. (Total 4 marks)
2
*N24722A0216*
Q1
Leave blank
2.
The diagram below shows the structure of part of the ileum wall, as seen using the low magnification of a light microscope.
A
B
C Magnification ×40 (a) Name the parts labelled A, B and C. A .................................................................................... B .................................................................................... C .................................................................................... (3) (b) Explain how the part labelled A assists in the absorption of glucose. ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... (3)
Q2
(Total 6 marks)
*N24722A0316*
3
Turn over
Leave blank
3.
(a) Explain how the properties of a haemoglobin molecule make it an efficient respiratory pigment. ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... (3)
4
*N24722A0416*
Leave blank
(b) The graph below shows an oxygen dissociation curve for adult human haemoglobin.
100 ±
60 ±
40 ±
12
±
10
±
8
±
6
±
4
±
2
±
0± 0
±
20 ±
±
)%( negyxo htiw nibolgomeah fo noitarutaS
80 ±
14
Partial pressure of oxygen / kPa (i) From the graph, find the partial pressure of oxygen at which the haemoglobin is 50% saturated with oxygen. ..........................................kPa (1) (ii) The dissociation curve for fetal haemoglobin is situated to the left of the dissociation curve for adult haemoglobin. Explain the importance of this to the developing fetus. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ (2)
Q3
(Total 6 marks)
*N24722A0516*
5
Turn over
Leave blank
4.
(a) Describe the functions of each of the following hormones. (i) Oestrogen ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ (3) (ii) Oxytocin ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ (3)
6
*N24722A0616*
Leave blank
(b) The table below shows changes in the concentration of progesterone in the blood, during the first 36 weeks of pregnancy. Time / weeks
0
4
12
20
28
36
Concentration of progesterone / arbitrary units
7
8
10
13
20
55
(i) Describe the changes in the concentration of progesterone as shown in the table. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ (2) (ii) Give two functions of progesterone. 1 .............................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................ 2 .............................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................ (2)
Q4
(Total 10 marks)
*N24722A0716*
7
Turn over
Leave blank
5.
(a) Explain what is meant by the term transpiration. ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... (2) (b) The photograph below shows a cross-section through a leaf of Erica, as seen using the low magnification of a light microscope. Erica is adapted to living in dry conditions.
Magnification ×60 (i) Suggest two ways in which the structure of this leaf is adapted to reduce transpiration. 1 .............................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................ 2 .............................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................ (2)
8
*N24722A0816*
Leave blank
(ii) Suggest three ways in which the leaf of a hydrophyte (a plant that lives in or on water) differs from the leaf of Erica. 1 .............................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ 2 .............................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ 3 .............................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ (3)
Q5
(Total 7 marks)
*N24722A0916*
9
Turn over
Leave blank
6.
(a) The table below shows the effect of temperature on the volume of oxygen dissolved in freshwater, in equilibrium with atmospheric air.
Temperature / °C
Volume of oxygen dissolved / cm3 of oxygen per dm3 of water
0
10.29
10
8.02
15
7.22
20
6.57
30
5.57
(i) Describe the relationship between temperature and the volume of oxygen dissolved in water, as shown in the table. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ (2)
10
*N24722A01016*
Leave blank
(ii) Suggest why many species of fish found in tropical areas come to the surface of water to obtain oxygen directly from the air. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ (3) (b) The diagram below shows Amoeba, a single-celled organism found living in freshwater.
Magnification ×80 Describe how gas exchange occurs in Amoeba. ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... (2)
Q6
(Total 7 marks)
*N24722A01116*
11
Turn over
Leave blank
7.
(a) Explain what is meant by the term pollination. ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... (2) (b) The diagram below shows a vertical section through a bluebell flower. Q P
R
Magnification ×4 (i) Name the parts labelled P and Q. P ...................................................................... Q ..................................................................... (2)
12
*N24722A01216*
Leave blank
(ii) Suggest how the parts labelled Q and R are involved in the pollination of this flower. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ (4)
Q7
(Total 8 marks)
*N24722A01316*
13
Turn over
Leave blank
8.
(a) The diagram below shows the structure of part of the human breathing system.
A
B
Name the parts labelled A and B. A ................................................................................ B ................................................................................ (2) (b) Describe how the process of inspiration (breathing in) is brought about. ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... (3) 14
*N24722A01416*
Leave blank
(c) The table below shows the percentage of oxygen in inspired air and in alveolar air. Air
Percentage of oxygen (%)
Inspired
20.71
Alveolar
13.20
Suggest an explanation for the difference in the percentage of oxygen in inspired air and in alveolar air. ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... (2)
QUESTION 8 CONTINUES ON THE NEXT PAGE
*N24722A01516*
15
Turn over
Leave blank
(d) Describe how alveoli are adapted for the function of gas exchange. ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... (5) (Total 12 marks) TOTAL FOR PAPER: 60 MARKS
END
16
*N24722A01616*
Q8
Centre No.
Initial(s)
Paper Reference
6 1 0 2
Candidate No.
0 1
Signature
Paper Reference(s)
6102/01
Examiner’s use only
Edexcel GCE
Team Leader’s use only
Biology Advanced Subsidiary Unit Test 2B Wednesday 10 January 2007 – Morning Time: 1 hour
Question Leave Number Blank
1 2 3 4 5
Materials required for examination Ruler
Items included with question papers Nil
6 7 8
Instructions to Candidates In the boxes above, write your centre number, candidate number, your surname, initial(s) and signature. Check that you have the correct question paper. Answer ALL EIGHT questions in the spaces provided in this booklet. Show all the steps in any calculations and state the units. Calculators may be used. Include diagrams in your answers where these are helpful.
Information for Candidates The marks for individual questions and parts of questions are shown in round brackets: e.g. (2). The total mark for this paper is 60.
Advice to Candidates You will be assessed on your ability to organise and present information, ideas, descriptions and arguments clearly and logically, taking account of your use of grammar, punctuation and spelling.
Total This publication may be reproduced only in accordance with Edexcel Limited copyright policy. ©2007 Edexcel Limited. Printer’s Log. No.
N24722A W850/R6102/57570 7/7/3/7300
Turn over
*N24722A0116*
Leave blank
Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided. 1.
Read through the passage below on the heart, and then write on the dotted lines the most appropriate word or words to complete the passage. Contraction of the atria (atrial systole) is stimulated by an impulse generated by the ................................................., situated in the wall of the right atrium. The impulse reaches the walls of the ................................................. by means of the bundle of His and Purkyne (Purkinje) fibres. Oxygenated blood is supplied to the heart muscle by the ................................................. which branch directly from the aorta. Heart muscle contains a dense network of ................................................., from which oxygen diffuses to the muscle. (Total 4 marks)
2
*N24722A0216*
Q1
Leave blank
2.
The diagram below shows the structure of part of the ileum wall, as seen using the low magnification of a light microscope.
A
B
C Magnification ×40 (a) Name the parts labelled A, B and C. A .................................................................................... B .................................................................................... C .................................................................................... (3) (b) Explain how the part labelled A assists in the absorption of glucose. ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... (3)
Q2
(Total 6 marks)
*N24722A0316*
3
Turn over
Leave blank
3.
(a) Explain how the properties of a haemoglobin molecule make it an efficient respiratory pigment. ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... (3)
4
*N24722A0416*
Leave blank
(b) The graph below shows an oxygen dissociation curve for adult human haemoglobin.
100 ±
60 ±
40 ±
12
±
10
±
8
±
6
±
4
±
2
±
0± 0
±
20 ±
±
)%( negyxo htiw nibolgomeah fo noitarutaS
80 ±
14
Partial pressure of oxygen / kPa (i) From the graph, find the partial pressure of oxygen at which the haemoglobin is 50% saturated with oxygen. ..........................................kPa (1) (ii) The dissociation curve for fetal haemoglobin is situated to the left of the dissociation curve for adult haemoglobin. Explain the importance of this to the developing fetus. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ (2)
Q3
(Total 6 marks)
*N24722A0516*
5
Turn over
Leave blank
4.
(a) Describe the functions of each of the following hormones. (i) Oestrogen ................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ (3) (ii) Oxytocin ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ (3)
6
*N24722A0616*
Leave blank
(b) The table below shows changes in the concentration of progesterone in the blood, during the first 36 weeks of pregnancy. Time / weeks
0
4
12
20
28
36
Concentration of progesterone / arbitrary units
7
8
10
13
20
55
(i) Describe the changes in the concentration of progesterone as shown in the table. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ (2) (ii) Give two functions of progesterone. 1 .............................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................ 2 .............................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................ (2)
Q4
(Total 10 marks)
*N24722A0716*
7
Turn over
Leave blank
5.
(a) Explain what is meant by the term transpiration. ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... (2) (b) The photograph below shows a cross-section through a leaf of Erica, as seen using the low magnification of a light microscope. Erica is adapted to living in dry conditions.
Magnification ×60 (i) Suggest two ways in which the structure of this leaf is adapted to reduce transpiration. 1 .............................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................ 2 .............................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................ (2)
8
*N24722A0816*
Leave blank
(ii) Suggest three ways in which the leaf of a hydrophyte (a plant that lives in or on water) differs from the leaf of Erica. 1 .............................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ 2 .............................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ 3 .............................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ (3)
Q5
(Total 7 marks)
*N24722A0916*
9
Turn over
Leave blank
6.
(a) The table below shows the effect of temperature on the volume of oxygen dissolved in freshwater, in equilibrium with atmospheric air.
Temperature / °C
Volume of oxygen dissolved / cm3 of oxygen per dm3 of water
0
10.29
10
8.02
15
7.22
20
6.57
30
5.57
(i) Describe the relationship between temperature and the volume of oxygen dissolved in water, as shown in the table. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ (2)
10
*N24722A01016*
Leave blank
(ii) Suggest why many species of fish found in tropical areas come to the surface of water to obtain oxygen directly from the air. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ (3) (b) The diagram below shows Amoeba, a single-celled organism found living in freshwater.
Magnification ×80 Describe how gas exchange occurs in Amoeba. ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... (2)
Q6
(Total 7 marks)
*N24722A01116*
11
Turn over
Leave blank
7.
(a) Explain what is meant by the term pollination. ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... (2) (b) The diagram below shows a vertical section through a bluebell flower. Q P
R
Magnification ×4 (i) Name the parts labelled P and Q. P ...................................................................... Q ..................................................................... (2)
12
*N24722A01216*
Leave blank
(ii) Suggest how the parts labelled Q and R are involved in the pollination of this flower. ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................ (4)
Q7
(Total 8 marks)
*N24722A01316*
13
Turn over
Leave blank
8.
(a) The diagram below shows the structure of part of the human breathing system.
A
B
Name the parts labelled A and B. A ................................................................................ B ................................................................................ (2) (b) Describe how the process of inspiration (breathing in) is brought about. ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... (3) 14
*N24722A01416*
Leave blank
(c) The table below shows the percentage of oxygen in inspired air and in alveolar air. Air
Percentage of oxygen (%)
Inspired
20.71
Alveolar
13.20
Suggest an explanation for the difference in the percentage of oxygen in inspired air and in alveolar air. ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... (2)
QUESTION 8 CONTINUES ON THE NEXT PAGE
*N24722A01516*
15
Turn over
Leave blank
(d) Describe how alveoli are adapted for the function of gas exchange. ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... (5) (Total 12 marks) TOTAL FOR PAPER: 60 MARKS
END
16
*N24722A01616*
Q8
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