Drug Analysis

Drug Vitamin K Generic Name: Phytomenad ione Brand Name: Kona-K Duopharma (M) Sdn Bhd

Indication: Prevention and treatment of hypoprothrombine mia caused by coumarin derivative-induced or other druginduced vitamin K deficiency, hypoprothrombine mia caused by malabsorption or inability to synthesize vitamin K; hemorrhagic disease of the newborn

Action: Hemostatic

Mechanism of Action Promotes liver synthesis of clotting factors (II, VII, IX, X); however, the exact mechanism as to this stimulation is unknown. Menadiol is a water soluble form of vitamin K; phytonadione has a more rapid and prolonged effect than menadione; menadiol sodium diphosphate (K4) is half as potent as menadione (K3).

Side effects: Local irritation or pain, sometimes with erythema at the injection site; there may also be tenderness

Adverse effects: Severe anaphylactoid reactions, Diaphoresis, hypersensitivity reactions, Dyspnea, abnormal tastes, Hyperbilirubinemia, Scleroderma-like lesions, Cyanosis, flushing, or hypotension

Contraindications: Patients who are neonates, allergic diathesis, hypersensitivity to phytonadione or any component of the formulation.

Generic Name: Ampicillin Sodium Brand name: Pharmaweal th Lab Ampicillin

Treatment of infections caused by gm+ve & gm-ve microorganisms eg UTI, otitis media, respiratory tract, enteric infections, bacterial meningitis, gm-ve septicemia, biliary tract & other surgical infections, infective endocarditis, listeriosis.

Antibiotics

Nausea, dizziness, fatigue, abdominal diarrhea

GI disturbances, skin rash, pruritus, urticaria, erythema multiforme, exfoliative dermatitis, anaphylactic shock, thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia, agranulocytosis, laryngeal or high fever.

Patients who are hypersensitive to this drug or any other penicillins. Those who have glandular fever or lymphatic leukaemia.

Generic Name:

For iron or vitamin deficiencies

Multivitamins + Minerals;

Ampicillin is able to penetrate Gram-positive and some Gramnegative bacteria. It differs from penicillin only by the presence of an amino group. That amino group helps the drug penetrate the outer membrane of gramnegative bacteria. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme transpeptidase. Transpeptidase is needed by bacteria to make their cell walls. It inhibits the third and final stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis, which ultimately leads to cell lysis. Iron becomes a part of our hemoglobin and

Serious reaction:

Patients who are allergic to any of its

pain

Constipation, diarrhea, nausea,

allergic rash,

Nursing considerations: • Oral administration is the safest and requires the presence of bile salts for absorption • It should be given by very slow IV injection, or where appropriate, with continuous infusion of NaCl 0.9% or dextrose 5% into the lower section of the infusion set • Must note whether client has allergic reaction with vitamin K • Must not give to pregnant women and children below 2 years old • Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label • Teach patient proper use, possible side effects/appropriate interventions, and adverse symptoms to report • Before giving drug, ask mother about all allergies of child. • Obtain specimen for culture and sensitivity before giving first dose. • Give drug 1 to 2 hours before meals. • Take note of infectious mononuclesis, or possibly HIV infection as these conditions increase susceptibility to ampicillin-induced skin rashes

•

Use this medication as directed on the label, or