Dif.quantiti And Qualiti
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RAINBOW RESEARCH, INC.
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Quantitative Researchers Assume an objective social reality. Assume that social reality is relatively constant across time and settings. View causal relationships among social phenomena from a mechanical perspective. Take an objective, detached stance toward research participants and their setting. Study populations or sample that represent populations. Study behavior and other observable phenomena. Study human behavior in natural or contrived settings. Analyze social reality into variables. Use preconceived concepts and theories to determine what data will be collected. Generate numerical data to represent the social environment. Use statistical methods to analyze data. Use statistical inference procedures to generalize findings from a sample to a defined population. Prepare impersonal, objective reports of research findings.
Qualitative Researchers Assume that the participants in it construct social reality. Assume that social reality is continuously constructed in local situations. Assign human intentions a major role in explaining causal relationships among social phenomena. Become personally involved with research participants, to the point of sharing perspectives and assuming a caring attitude. Study cases. Study the meanings that individuals create and other internal phenomena. Study human actions in natural settings. Make holistic observations of the total context within which social action occurs. Discover concepts and theories after data have been collected. Generate verbal and pictorial data to represent the social environment. Use analytic induction to analyze data. Generalize case findings by searching for other similar cases. Prepare interpretive reports that reflect researchers’ constructions of the data and an awareness that the readers will form their own constructions from what is reported.
Gall, M.D., Borg, W.R., & Gall, J.P. (1996), p. 30
621 West Lake Street, Minneapolis MN 55408 Phone: (612) 824-0724 Fax: (612) 824-0429 www.rainbowresearch.org
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Quantitative Researchers Assume an objective social reality. Assume that social reality is relatively constant across time and settings. View causal relationships among social phenomena from a mechanical perspective. Take an objective, detached stance toward research participants and their setting. Study populations or sample that represent populations. Study behavior and other observable phenomena. Study human behavior in natural or contrived settings. Analyze social reality into variables. Use preconceived concepts and theories to determine what data will be collected. Generate numerical data to represent the social environment. Use statistical methods to analyze data. Use statistical inference procedures to generalize findings from a sample to a defined population. Prepare impersonal, objective reports of research findings.
Qualitative Researchers Assume that the participants in it construct social reality. Assume that social reality is continuously constructed in local situations. Assign human intentions a major role in explaining causal relationships among social phenomena. Become personally involved with research participants, to the point of sharing perspectives and assuming a caring attitude. Study cases. Study the meanings that individuals create and other internal phenomena. Study human actions in natural settings. Make holistic observations of the total context within which social action occurs. Discover concepts and theories after data have been collected. Generate verbal and pictorial data to represent the social environment. Use analytic induction to analyze data. Generalize case findings by searching for other similar cases. Prepare interpretive reports that reflect researchers’ constructions of the data and an awareness that the readers will form their own constructions from what is reported.
Gall, M.D., Borg, W.R., & Gall, J.P. (1996), p. 30
621 West Lake Street, Minneapolis MN 55408 Phone: (612) 824-0724 Fax: (612) 824-0429 www.rainbowresearch.org
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