Darling Ton November 2009

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UNITED STATES FLAG

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STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA DARLINGTON, FLORENCE, GEORGETOWN, HORRY & MARION COUNTIES

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The Historical News

SOUTH CAROLINA STATE FLAG

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Southern Historical News, Inc.

VOL. 29 NO. 12-SC

NOVEMBER 2009

SPECIAL THANKSGIVING EDITION

OWNED & OPERATED BY PIGGLY WIGGLY CAROLINA STORE MANAGER - WENDY ALLEN • MEATS • PRODUCE & MUCH MORE!

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WENDY & EVERYONE AT PIGGLY WIGGLY THANK THEIR CUSTOMERS FOR PAST BUSINESS & SUPPORT, & INVITE THE ENTIRE AREA TO SHOP WITH THEM SOON!

SHOP WITH US FOR YOUR HOLIDAY NEEDS!

Manager - Nicole Rana OpeN 24 HOuRs One of the best stores in town to shop for quality and value is WALMART SUPERCENTER, located at 1310 North Fraser in Georgetown, phone 843527-9970. They’re the Family Store. They carry a full line of clothing and shoes for each member of the family, as well as furniture, housewares, sundries, hardware, school supplies, sporting goods, a full line grocery department, bakery, deli, meat department, fresh produce, a beauty salon, all those personal touch items for your car and much, much more. Be sure you browse through the lawn and garden center where they carry everything you need to make your yard a showcase of beauty. WALMART SUPERCENTER believes that the one most important thing is customer satisfaction, and the friendly, courteous personnel strives to assist you in every way. People prefer to do business with them because they furnish quality products at prices they can afford. They feature low, low prices every day! We, the editors of this 2009 Historical Review, are pleased to list WALMART SUPERCENTER among the area's leading businesses. Nicole and all the associates thank their customers for past business and support, and invite everyone to shop with them this holiday season!

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COUNTY HISTORY INDEX

Darlington............................................................10-11 Florence...................................................................8-9 Georgetown..........................................................20-23 Horry...................................................................14-17 Marion...................................................................2,4-5

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MARION COUNTY AREA

Historical Markers In Marion County Markers Are Listed Below In Chronological Order 1. Battle of Blue Savannah - Intersection of US 501 and SC 41. One fourth mile south of this site General Francis Marion defeated a band of Tories under Captain Barfield on August 13, 1780, by feigning retreat and drawing them into a trap. Erected by Blue Savannah Chapter, D.A.R., Mullins, S.C.-1955 2. Confederate Navy Yard - US 76, about 8 miles W of Marion at Pee Dee River Bridge. The Confederacy established a navy yard 1/4 mile NW about 1853 on the banks of the Great Pee Dee River. Here, under the command of Lt. Van Renssalaer Morgan, a wooden gunboat, the C.S.S. Pee Dee, was built. Launched by November 1864, it was burned to prevent its capture by Federal Forces in March 1865. Erected by the U.D.C. Pee Dee District-1968 3. Britton's Neck - Britton's Ferry - US 378 near its intersection with SC 908, at Britton's Neck - (Front) Britton's Neck. One of the oldest settlements in Marion County, Britton's Neck lay between the Great and Little Pee Dee Rivers extending northward from the mouth of the Little Pee Dee. It was named for Francis, Timothy, Daniel, Moses, Joseph and Philip Britton, who settled in the neck about 1735-36. They were the sons of Francis Britton, who was in Carolina in 1697. (Reverse) Britton's Ferry. Six miles south of here was the site of Britton's Ferry, on Great Pee Dee River at the junction of Williamsburg, Georgetown, and Marion County lines. The ferry was established by Francis Britton and two other commissioners under an Act of 1747. Britton's Neck was the center of patriot sympathy during the American Revolution, making the ferry important to both sides. Erected by Dr. Henry Woodward Chapter, S.C. Society Daughters of the American Colonists-1971 4. Snow's Island - US 378 at its intersection with Dunham's Bluff Road. During the winter of 1780-1781, General Francis Marion established his camp 11/2 miles south of here on Snow's Island. Named for early settlers James and William Snow, the island forms the southeast corner of present Florence County and is bounded by Pee Dee River, Lynch's River, and Clark's Creek. Snow's Island was the site of a battle fought in March 1781. Erected by Snow's Island Chapter Children of the American Revolution, Mullins, S.C.-1972 5. Marion County Marion Courthouse - In front of Marion County Courthouse, Marion - (Front) Marion County. Originally part of colonial Craven County and Georgetown District of 1769, Marion was created as Liberty County by an Act of the General Assembly in 1785. The name was changed to Marion District in 1798 and to Marion County in 1868. The present lines were established by the withdrawal of Florence County in 1888 and Dillon County in 1910. The area is 480 square miles. (Reverse) Marion Courthouse. Erected in 1853 at a cost of twelve thousand five hundred dollars, this is the third structure built on this site to house the court. Restored in 1970, the original iron work remains and each step bears the name and address of the metal worker, "Hayward Bartlett, Baltimore." Erected by Marion County Historical Society-1972 6. Moody Cemetery - US 501, 5 miles N of Marion. Named for the Moody family, members of whom were buried here from 1883 to 1903. Among others interred here are John Smith, Sr., Revolutionary War veteran who owned an adjacent plantation, and Enos Tart, Jr., who served Marion District as sheriff, S.C. representative and senator, clerk of Court, and contractor for the district's 1823 courthouse. Erected by Blue Savannah Chapter Daughters of the American Revolution-1976 7. Marion Presbyterian Church - Corner of S Main and Presbyterian Streets, Marion - (Front) Marion Presbyterian Church. David E. Frierson of Harmony Presbytery first preached here at Marion Courthouse in 1841. The church was organized in Feb. 1852 with six charter members: Archibald and Margaret Carmichael of Little Pee Dee Church, Rebecca E. Frierson of Great Pee Dee Church, Sophia E. McIntyre of Hopewell Church, Duncan J. McDonald from Smyrna, N.C., and David Gibson from Dalry, Scotland. (Reverse) Marion Presbyterian Church This house of worship, dedicated in February 1852, stands on land given by Archibald McIntyre. In 1913 Sunday School rooms were added on the west end of the original structure and new pews were purchased. The bell dates from 1911 and the organ from 1919. During the early 1970s, the church was renovated to include an enlarged sanctuary, new choir room and rear entrance. It was rededicated in April 1975. Erected by The Congregation-1977 8. Bowling Green - About 5.2 miles N of Marion on US 501. On this site, located about 1/2 mile northeast, at least five hundred Loyalists under the command of Major Micajah Ganey laid down their arms in accordance with a previous agreement made between Francis Marion and Ganey. This treaty, signed June 8, 1782, at Burch's Mill on the Pee Dee River, ended the partisan warfare in the area. Erected by Marion County Historical Society-1978 9. Mullins Depot - Mullins - On Main Street between North and South Fronts Streets, Mullins (Front) Mullins Depot. The town of Mullins, first known as continued on page 4

The Historical News

IS PUBLISHED BY: SOUTHERN HISTORICAL NEWS, INC. P.O. BOX 1068 HIRAM, GEORGIA 30141 1-800-422-4478 FAX: 1-770-943-0729 EDITOR’S NOTE ON HISTORY Some of the places featured in THE HISTORICAL NEWS may have changed locations, no longer exist, or have a different statement of purpose. They are presented only for the historic theme in consideration of public interest. Southern Historical News, Inc. welcomes your comments about our publication. If you have any historical information and/or photographs you wish to be printed, we would gladly accept them for future publications.

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HORRY & MARION COUNTY AREA

Diane Burns

ROGER’S ROOFING Residential • Commercial All Types Of Roofing Locally Owned & Operated By Jamie Hunt Located at 803 North Main St. in Mullins, phone 843-464-9391, cell 910-734-4869, or toll free 1-866-464-9391. ROGER’S ROOFING is wellknown as one of the area’s leading roofing contractors. Their years of experience and their many fine completions serve as their best references. When you call this company to “talk roofing” you can be assured that you’ve made the wisest decision! ROGER’S ROOFING is licensed, bonded, and insured. They have been serving the Pee Dee area for over 60 years. As specialists in ALL TYPES of roofing, this prominent firm can handle all types of roofing, including shingles, build-ups, rubber, asphalt, and metal roofs. Some of the other services performed by this outstanding contractor include: siding installation, hand-split shakes, seamless gutters, downspouts, and waterproofing. Whenever you’re in need of roofing of any type...whether it’s new construction or re-roofing...call the professionals: ROGER'S ROOFING! As the writers of this 2009 Historical Review for Marion County, we think you’ll like their service and the results. Jamie and everyone at ROGER’S ROOFING thank their past, present, and future customers for their business, remind you that they are of service to the entire area, and wish you a safe and happy holiday season!

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Farrah McZeke

el shaddai hair designs unlimited Today, more than ever before, a person’s total image depends a great deal on their hair. Nice hair can make even the average person look and feel exquisite. In this area, people on the go, find the surroundings of EL SHADDAI, located at 125 Harlee St. in Marion, phone 843-423-3448, the “in” place for hair styling. You too, are sure to find this the best salon in the area. Here, you can relax and unwind in their pleasant atmosphere while professional stylists show you the latest, up-to-date styles to enhance the appearance of anyone. The stylists here are great at styling, cutting, and coloring and the personnel have a passion for perfection and a flair for glamour. We, the authors of this 2009 Historical Review, invite you to enter a more exciting and beautiful world with a visit to EL SHADDAI. We know you will be glad you did. Everyone at EL SHADDAI thanks their customers for past business and support, and looks forward to being of service to you in the future!

GIFT ES CERTIFICAT . E AVAILABL .. R PERFECT FO S! Y THE HOLIDA

CONWAY GOLF CLUB Proudly Serving You In Horry County Golf is one of America's favorite participant sports with men and women in all age groups playing more and more every day! In this area, better golfers prefer the smooth greens and beautiful fairways of CONWAY GOLF CLUB at 400 Country Club Dr. in Conway, phone 843-365-3621. This is truly a "golfer's course" and it's specifically designed to be both challenging AND tremendous fun! Tee off with your friends and discover just how great a game of golf can be. You'll find that your score will improve when you play on a course that's well-cared for like this one AND you'll enjoy your game a lot more at this beautifully landscaped facility. The writers of this 2009 Historical Review think that your game will improve and you'll enjoy yourself a lot more when you play this outstanding golf course! CONWAY GOLF CLUB thanks the people of this area for past business and support, and invites you to TEE off soon!

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MARION COUNTY AREA

FRANCIS MARION Guerilla Fighter Francis Marion, known as "The Swamp Fox," is credited with bringing about a turn in the Revolutionary War in the South with his contrast harassment of British military operations. Born in 1732 at Goatsfield Plantation, St. John's Parish, Berkeley County, Marion was the son of Huguenot emigrants. His first taste of battle came during the Cherokee Indian uprising where he learned his methods of surprise attack. "The Swamp Fox" organized 'Marion's Brigade' and joined forces with General Nathanael Greene at Georgetown, Fort Watson, Fort Motte and Eutaw Springs. Following the Revolution, the general was elected to the General Assembly and served South Carolina in the senate until his death on February 27, 1795. He died at his Pond Bluff Plantation and was buried at Belle Isle, near Georgetown, S.C.

RAILWAY PASSENGER STATION 209 East Railroad Ave. The one-story brick passenger station is typical of the architectural style used for the early small town station. A slate roof with an overhang is supported by decorative brackets. The windows have stone lintels and sills. The city now owns the building which is being adaptively used for offices. The present structure was built in 1908 replacing the original frame structure. The brick freight station built in 1888 was torn down in 1976. The first railroad through Marion was the Wilmington and Manchester, which was completed in 1854. General W.W. Harllee, first president and one of the organizers, was a resident of Marion at that time. However, he later moved to Florence and this city which “grew up” around the railroad was named for his daughter, Florence. General Harllee was Lt. Governor of our State in 1860-1862. HISTORICAL MARKERS - continued from page 2

Mullins Depot, grew up as a result of the opening of the Wilmington and Manchester Railroad in 1854. Land for the railroad's buildings and for right-of-way was given here by Wm. S. Mullins (18241878) who was elected Wilmington and Manchester president in 1857. A frame railroad depot, constructed here in 1901, was remodeled in 1931 as it is today. (Reverse) Mullins. The town of Mullins was incorporated March 4, 1872 by an act of the S.C. General Assembly which set town limits "half a mile north, one-quarter of a mile east and west, and one-third of a mile south" from a stake here. Dr. Rudolph Vampill was elected first intendant and A. E. Gilchrist, D. W. Ketchum, James Norton, and Stephen Smith, wardens. Smith was also the community's first postmaster, appointed in 1855. Erected by Marion County Historical Society-1981 10. Old Town Hall and Opera House - Corner of West Court Street and Godbold Street, Marion. (Front) Old Town Hall and Opera House. This brick building is a fine vernacular interpretation of the Classic Revival style. Completed in 1892, the construction was financed through a $10,000 bond issue; this included an artesian well nearby. The lower floor contained a council room, market, guard rooms and, after 1910, sleeping rooms for the fire department. The council room also provided the setting for many social occasions. (Reverse) Old Town Hall and Opera House. The second floor of this building contained a 525-seat auditorium that was used for traveling road shows, graduations, and other Marion events for many years. In 1920 the property was sold and converted to commercial use. The city of Marion purchased the historic building in 1980, and with guidance from Mayor T. C. Atkinson, Jr., renovated itfor civic use. Erected by Marion County Historical Society-1983 11. Ebenezer Church - Near Marion-Dillon county line about 1.5 miles off US 501 at intersection of Roads 197 and 22. According to local tradition three Methodist meeting houses of this area united c.1835 to form Ebenezer. An early church building burned in 1855 and was replaced in 1856 by this present building, which is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. William Haselden Ellerbe, governor of S.C. from 1897-1899, was once a member of Ebenezer. Erected by Ebenezer Memorial and Historical Association-1982 12. Marion Academy - In front of the Museum of Marion County, 101 Willcox Ave., Marion. This building, the first public school in Marion County, was built in 1886 by the Marion Academy Society, chartered in 1811. The Society, which had operated a private school here for almost seventy-five years, then turned the school over to the Marion School District as the new public school. The Marion Graded School, which closed in 1976 after ninety years' continuous service to the community, now houses the Museum of Marion County. Erected by the Marion County Historical Society and the Pee Dee Committee, Colonial Dames of America, South Carolina-1996 13. Mt. Olive Baptist Church - Mt. Olive Baptist Church. Corner of Church and Mullins Sts., Mullins. This church was founded in 1882 by 16 charter members, all former slaves or the children of former slaves. It held services in a brush arbor and a cotton gin before building its first sanctuary in 1886 at Main and Marion Streets. The present sanctuary, designed by Negro architect Wade Alston Ford and built by members of the congregation in 1922-26, was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 2000. Erected by the Congregation, 2002

huggins auto service For the type of performance you expect from your car, visit HUGGINS AUTO SERVICE for expert repairs on all makes and models, foreign and domestic. This complete car care center is located at 3902 Race Ct. in Mullins, phone 843-464-8966, and offers you honest, accurate and reliable service at competitive prices. HUGGINS AUTO SERVICE can handle anything from a simple tune-up or brake work to a major repair. This certified technician with his extensive training and state-of-the-art equipment assures you that your investment will continue to be a good one. We, the writers of this 2009 Historical Review, invite you to trust your car to the specialists at HUGGINS AUTO SERVICE. Everyone at HUGGINS AUTO SERVICE thanks their customers for past business and support, and reminds you they are of service to the entire area!

MARION COUNTY AREA

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Buckhead Coalition Offers $100 Reward For Missing Plaque The Buckhead Coalition has a wall full of plaques in its Tower Place offices in Atlanta, but wants another. This one has significance and has been missing for many years. If you've ever wondered about the bare stone monument facing Peachtree at the side of E. Rivers School, at one time it displayed a bronze plaque by the Daughters of the American Revolution heralding the origin of Peachtree. This should be of general interest considering the fact that there are no less than thirteen roadways just in Buckhead with "Peachtree" in the name. Coalition president Sam Massell "suspects it's long forgotten in someone's basement, left over from a fraternity initiation or other prank". Thus, the Coalition is stepping "up to the plate" - pun probably intended - to put "Humpty Dumpty" back together again...with no questions asked! Just call Massell at 404-233-2228 to arrange a mutally convenient place to make the swap.

Indian Summer Coming in late October or early November while the leaves are turning color and falling from the trees, Indian Summer is a short period of especially fair weather and mild days. It is not a separate season but a part of autumn that has no definite dates to begin or end. The mild, pleasant weather of Indian Summer follows the autumn's first period of cold, wintry days. The days become noticeably warmer, but the nights remain chilly. Throughout Indian Summer, the sun shines dimly and softly. The sky turns a rich blue and always appears gentle and hazy near the horizon. With almost no wind, the air remains smoky and still. An Indian Summer moon often has a soft yellow or orange hue that lasts from a week to 10 days. The rays of warm, hazy sunshine with that fresh autumn tang, have inspired poets to sing the praises of October and Indian Summer. Leaves change to brilliant crimson, russet, and gold. Wild asters, goldenrod, and fringed gentians bloom at this time. It is also the time for harvest and preserving the products that summer has brought forth. Then winter begins. Indian Summer is caused by a large mass of warm tropical air that south winds carry northward over the country. During Indian Summer, the air mass remains stagnant causing the weather to remain clear and mild. The American Indians looked forward to and enjoyed Indian Summer. They called it the special gift of a favorite god, Cautantowwit, the god of the Southwest. Although the origin of the name Indian Summer is uncertain, one story is that the American settlers named the period after the American Indians, who told the settlers that this pleasant period of autumn could be expected. Another story is that the settlers used the name because this period of good weather gave the warlike Indians a chance to make more attacks on the settlers. The settlers also believed that the smokiness of Indian Summer came from the camp fires that the Indians built. Other parts of the world also have a short period of fine weather similar to Indian Summer that is referred to by Europeans as Old Wives' Summer. In Poland, the period lasts for three or four weeks and is called God's Gift to Poland.

Happy Holidays!

collins feed & garden

Locally Owned & Operated Proudly Serving You In Marion County Where do the area's leading farmers and gardeners go for ALL of their livestock feed and EVERYTHING else that they need for the management of a busy farm or garden? In the Marion county area, the name COLLINS FEED & GARDEN has become synonymous with quality feeds and friendly service. Located at 4838 South Hwy. 41 in Mullins, phone 843-2750510, this reliable concern serves the area's gardeners and farmers with balanced feeds and farm supplies. They carry fencing, fertilizers, seed and bulbs, ag chemicals, Purina Chow feeds and health products and more. Drop by today and discover what kind of selection AND what kind of values await you at COLLINS FEED & GARDEN. The writers of this 2009 Historical Review are happy to list this outstanding feed and garden supply among the area's leading businesses. COLLINS FEED & GARDEN thanks their customers for past business and support, and looks forward to serving you in the future!

The Wisdom Of Jefferson (And How Timely) John Kennedy once said to an assembled group of scholars in the White House, "I think this is the most extraordinary collection of talent, of human knowledge, that has ever been gathered at the White House - with the possible exception of when Thomas Jefferson dined alone."

These Thomas Jefferson quotes below could prove his point: • When we get piled upon one another in large cities, as in Europe, we shall become as corrupt as Europe. • The democracy will cease to exist when you take away from those who are willing to work and give to those who would not. • It is incumbent on every generation to pay its own debts as it goes. A principle which if acted on, would save one-half the wars of the world. • I predict future happiness for Americans, if they can prevent the government from wasting the labors of the people under the pretense of taking care of them. • My reading of history convinces me that most bad government results from too much government. • No free man shall ever be debarred the use of arms. • The strongest reason for the people to retain the right to keep and bear arms is, as a last resort, to protect themselves against tyranny in government. • The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants. • Very Interesting Quote: In light of the present financial crisis, it's interesting to read what Thomas Jefferson said in 1802: "Banking institutions are more dangerous to our liberties than standing armies. If the American people ever allow private banks to control the issue of their currency, first by inflation, then by deflation, the banks and corporations that will grow up around the banks will deprive the people of all property until their children wake-up homeless on the continent their fathers conquered." Doesn't this sound eerily familiar to what is happening in America today?

collins motors & rentals, inc. Locally Owned & Operated By Buddy & Jane Collins Monday - Friday - 8:30 A.M. - 6:00 P.M. Saturday - 8:30 A.M. - 12:30 Noon Save time, save money and get down to the business of finding a reliable, used automobile. At COLLINS MOTORS & RENTALS, INC., you'll find whatever you're looking for. Whether it's a second car for your family or wheels for your teenager, you're sure to find it here. They also offer car rentals. Located at 3390 East Hwy. 76 in Mullins, phone 843-4649500, COLLINS MOTORS & RENTALS, INC. offers financing and trade-ins are welcome. So, as the writers of this 2009 Historical Review for Marion County, we are pleased to list COLLINS MOTORS & RENTALS, INC. for all of your automobile needs. Buddy, Jane and everyone at COLLINS MOTORS & RENTALS, INC. thank the people of this area for placing their complete trust and confidence in them, invite you to stop by and test drive one of their used automobiles today, and wish you a safe and happy holiday season!

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The First Thanksgiving By Stephanie W. Issacs

The mere thought of Thanksgiving Day invokes visions of a beautifully laid out table, covered with linen, adorned by china, and delicious food. This family tradition, started so long ago, continues down the generations, with no end in sight for the future generations to come. Its a purely American holiday, that causes us to pause and acknowledge how truly thankful we should be. Throughout the years, the holiday has refined itself to what it is today. Foods are basically the same as they were then, totally familiar to us. Many pioneers who came to American shores would be surprised by the "new foods" we now deem as part of our Thanksgiving table. These pioneers came from many lands, mostly originating at the beginning from Europe: the English, who came to Virginia in 1607, and New England in 1620; the Dutch, who settled in New York in 1623; the Finns and Swedes in Delaware in the 1620s; the English Quakers in Pennsylvania in 1681; and the Germans also in Pennsylvania about 1690. These people beheld a wilderness of game animals which included: deer, moose, elk, bear, rabbits and squirrels. Food teemed from the eastern shores, and fruits, such as mulberries, cherries, grapes and walnuts were there for the taking. Indeed, America was a land of plenty - if you knew which plants were safe to eat and if you could preserve them for when the winds blew cold. Many plants were unfamiliar to the Europeans. Only with the help of the Native Americans who lived upon the land, did the settlers survive. The Indians introduced lima beans, peppers, pumpkins, squash, sweet potatoes and corn into the settlers diet of cabbage, parsnips and herbs. Corn was the crucial vegetable, which could be roasted, boiled, or made into pudding and bread. Indians taught the settlers to grow beans up cornstalks, thereby saving precious land and space. These vegetables, harvested and cooked together, made the popular dish of succotash. When we think of proper table manners at the Thanksgiving meal, many orderly images come to mind. For the settlers, however, the time to sit down and give thanks was too fleeting - there was just too much to be done. A table was usually made from simple planks of wood. Sometimes there weren't any chairs! As a result, the family members literally "ate and ran." Dinnerware was hard to come by. Sometimes spoons were carved out of wood. More creative spoons were made from seashells and walnut shells attached with twig handles. Pewter came later and was quite expensive.

Forks were virtually unknown until the mid 1700s. The most common way to eat food was from a trencher - square blocks of wood in which bowls had been hollowed out on one side. The other side was usually flat, so that a piece of pie could be eaten upon it. One side had the main course, and "flip!" the other side held dessert. Some trenchers didn't even get this fancy. Some families used stale bread instead of wood. The food, once poured on the bread, could be entirely consumed. No dishwashing! Cups were usually shared around a table. Made of wood and called a "noggin," the cup usually contained cider or beer. No dainty cleanliness for these early folks. Without many forks or spoons, the fingers were the tools of choice. One common necessity did exist then as it does today when eating the Thanksgiving meal, napkins! Upon laps and tied around necks, the sight is the same. As time went on, tables were covered with cloths, and wooden utensils gave way to china and glassware. Although many types of poultry could be found in the New WorId, only one is truly associated with Thanksgiving Day: the turkey. Benjamin Franklin deemed the turkey such a noble bird that he wanted it to be the national bird of America, rather than the eagle! Needless to say, the eagle won out! Turkeys in colonial days could be huge: some weighed over 30 pounds! The wild birds often traveled in flocks numbering over a hundred or more. In contrast to today's domesticated turkey, the wild turkey had a beautiful purple and bronze colored plumage. No doubt the feathers were greatly prized as well. Some foods, as said before, were unfamiliar to new settlers to America. Sweet potatoes (actually roots) and squash, which are often included on the Thanksgiving Day table, are American. Potatoes (white), a wonderful accompaniment, were introduced from overseas in the 1700s. Tomatoes which are generously tossed into salads, were thought to be poisonous and people refused to eat them until after the American Revolution! What shall YOU serve at your Thanksgiving table this year? With so many people from different backgrounds in America, the choices are endless. Each family adds its own special touch to the holiday. Still, the main message of the holiday IS Thanksgiving, a moment to gather with family and friends in the busy turning of life - just to give thanks for what we have and who we are--- AMERICANS!

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Thanksgiving Day Fun Just For You

CAN YOU FIND THE MISTAKES IN THESE TWO PICTURES?

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FLORENCE COUNTY AREA continued from below

Nurses pose in front of Saunders Memorial hosiptal on south Dargan Street in the early 1920s. The brick building received a white stucco siding in the late 1930s. Other extensions were built later to the west. Now, the main section is on Irby Street and is called Florence General Hospital.

SAUNDERS MEMORIAL CONTINUES SERVICE AS FLORENCE GENERAL Reprinted From THE NEWS & SHOPPER Centennial Edition January 1991 The city of Florence has undergone tremendous development during its rich, 100-year history. An integral part of that development has been the growth of the health care industry. Today Florence boasts some of the best medical care available in the state. Florence General Hospital is one of the leading health care institutions that has served the city of Florence and surrounding communities for almost 70 years. Florence General Hospital was founded as Saunders Memorial Hospital in 1921 by Dr. John Daniel Smyser. Smyser, a native of New York City, received his medical education at Johns Hopkins University and Medical School in Baltimore, MD, where he met Janie Sue Saunders of Florence. They married in 1912 and settled in Florence, where Dr. Smyser began his medical practice. After a few years in town, Dr. Smyser discerned a need for another hospital facility and in 1921 Saunders Memorial Hospital was completed. The 40-bed facility was originally intended as an eye, ear, nose and throat hospital, but in 1923 it began operating as a general hospital and four staff physicians were added. They were Dr. John M. Barnwell, Dr. L.D. Baskin, Dr. Leonard Ravanell and Dr. L.B. Sellers. Two years later, in 1925, an additional 14-bed wing was added to the west end of the hospital, which then fronted Dargan Street. During that era of the early Roosevelt Administration, further expansion increased the number of beds to 101. At the death of Dr. Smyser in 1949, his estate sold the hospital to Dr. D. Lamar Lee, Sr. and Dr. Frank B. Lee, Sr. Five years later, in 1954, the Lees donated all the hospital property to the Saunders Memorial Hospital and Clinic Corporation, establishing the hospital as a private, non-profit institution rather than a physician-owned one. Since that time all profits have been used for hospital operation, maintenance and further expansion of services. In 1957, a replacement of the existing structures was begun, and in three separate construction periods, new hospital wings were developed to house patients and hospital services. The most recent construction was complete in 1980 when the west wing of the hospital, a seven story addition, opened at a cost of $7.5 million for the building and new equipment. The addition brought with it new operating room facilities, an expanded intensive care unit, a new radiological suite, and an obstetric and nursery unit. The number of patient beds also increased to 187. With this addition, the hospital's main entrance now faces Irby Street. The original 1921 structure was used for office space but subsequently was torn down because of irreparable structural damage. However, on the same site, a one-stop, multi-specialty physician's office building directly connected to the hospital was completed in 1986. In recent years there have been several other additions to the hospital complex including an expanded emergency department with four additional treatment rooms and 24-hour physician coverage. A 10,000 square foot cafeteria and kitchen facility was opened in 1987 offering patients, staff and visitors a more varied menu and improved food production facilities. continued above

While there have been many changes to the hospital campus during the past six decades, diagnostic and therapeutic services also have evolved and today Florence General Hospital serves as a leader in community health care. Improved ultrasound capabilities in the Radiology Department offer a higher resolution image and increased detail to the degree that images of the fetal faces have been documented and cancers previously undetectable are now being found. A new cardiac ultrasound imaging system for Cardio-Pulmonary Services allows better imaging of the heart and contains a special feature that helps diagnose blood flow abnormalities in the heart. The vascular services at Florence General Hospital are among the finest in the Pee Dee as well as the state. The operating room houses a laser for use in LaserAssisted Balloon Angioplasty, which offers an alternative to bypass surgery for patients suffering from atherosclerosis of the legs. Surgeons also now have at their disposal an angioscope, which provides an inside view of blood vessels during actual operation thereby improving the outcome of a variety of surgical procedures. Vascular patients now recuperate on the Vascular Surgical Speciality Care Unit, a beautifully appointed wing that helps the emotional as well as physical healing process. The latest trends in obstetric care are incorporated today in the Special Delivery Unit of the hospital. Women can choose to labor, deliver, recover and spend their postpartum time in the same comfortable room. The adjoining nursery allows for close contact between mother and child, and the mother may opt to have the baby room in with her. Overall, the service is very intimate and personal to provide a memorable childbirth experience. In conjunction with Coastal Eye Group, Florence General Hospital offers the latest in ophthalmic care. State of the art small incision cataract surgery is performed using sound waves to remove the cloudy lens. Coastal Eye Group also had coordinated diabetic eye care with the hospital, which as a laser facility designed for ophthalmic patients. The Rehabilitative Unit specializes in helping patients recover from the debilitating effects of certain illnesses such as strokes, amputation and hip fractures. Patients have available physical, speech and occupational therapies depending upon their needs. Daily recreational therapy also is a part of the routine to help people resume functional skills. Patients now do not have to be transported to another facility to receive these treatments and benefit from the immediacy of care. Looking toward the future, Florence General Hospital entered into a joint venture with Bruce Hospital System last year to provide highly technical, specialized services to the Pee Dee at a reasonable and justifiable cost. Lithotripsy, magnetic resonance imaging and cardiac catherization are available through mobile units at present but plans call for a permanent building to house these and other services that will continue to improve the quality of life for the people of Florence and the surrounding communities in the years to come.

SWAMP FOX SWEPT BRITISH AWAY IN BATTLE OF BLACK MINGO CREEK By Susan Stone Courtesy of FLORENCE MORNING NEWS

Francis Marion may have earned his Swamp Fox title by using the marsh to allude British forces, but it was the British who retreated into the swamps when they fought Marion's men at the battle of Black Mingo Creek in 1780. In the war for independence from the British, Marion and his South Carolina troops waged ceaseless guerrilla warfare on loyalist farms and troops, winning skirmishes and retreating into the swamps. “He participated in guerrilla-type warfare, he was kind of a hit and run operation, and he kept the British more confused and worried than was warranted, and that's his biggest contribution,” said William Chandler, an attorney and president of the Williamsburg County Historical Commission. “The big thing was that Marion's forces was a militia force that were farmers,” he added, “and it's really funny because they had to go home and make a living and then come back to fighting.” Because Marion's forces posed a threat to the British stronghold at Georgetown in 1780, the loyalist militia, headed by Major James Wemyss and reinforced by Lt. Col. John Hamilton, was ordered into Williamsburg. “Wemyss was deployed to quiet things down,” explained Chandler. Col. John Coming Ball and about 50 men also moved from Georgetown and camped at the Red House, Patrick Dollard's tavern, where they could control traffic in the area.

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FLORENCE COUNTY AREA

THE COLUMNS

Rankin-Harwell Plantation, c. 1857, Florence, South Carolina Step Back in Time... This Southern plantation home was built in the 1850s and is an outstanding example of the Greek Revival Style which was frequently used for the large homes built in the Ante-bellum South. All materials used in the construction of the house came from the estate, originally owned by Dr. William Rogers Johnson. Bricks were manufactured on the grounds and used to form the inside of the twenty-two giant free-standing Doric columns. Covered with stucco, they support the overhanging hipped roof to form a deep porch on three sides. The logs used in the structure of the house were hauled by oxcart to a sawmill in Cheraw, and the lumber was floated down the Great Pee Dee River for construction of the house. Local craftsmen and artisans then worked to form the handhewn beams which support the roof. The house was started in 1854 and completed in 1857. Original plaster molding adorns the twelve-foot ceilings while the large windows, fine wainscoting and lovely heart-pine floors throughout the home reflect the graceful elegance of an earlier day. The spacious interior contains five downstairs and five upstairs rooms. On the first floor, the rooms open onto a central hall with the kitchen located behind the hall. The second floor contains five bedrooms. A one-fourth mile driveway lined with pecan and sycamore trees leads to the house which is surrounded by Darlington oaks and magnolias. The plantation home is listed in The National Register of Historic Places. For the opportunity to Step Back in Time and experience the flavor of the true South, contact:

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PEE DEE HAD SHARE OF PLANTATION ECONOMY

By Brenda Peyton Reprinted From FLORENCE MORNING NEWS, Sunday, March 31, 1991 Think about "Gone With the Wind" and magnificent plantations often come to mind. Pictures of Scarlet O'Hara on the veranda sipping her mint julep usually spring forward, and thoughts of the sprawling acreage aren't too far behind. As unrealistic as some people may believe this scene is, Florence and the entire Pee Dee had its share of plantations in the 1800s. The plantation system grew rapidly in the Pee Dee. In the height of this era, around 1850, three adjoining plantations were spread across what is now the city of Florence. The three plantations were owned by Thomas McCall, James A. Pettigrew and Hugh Muldrow Jr., all wealthy planters. The Pee Dee, from Bennettsville on, was a network of huge plantations. This was a wealthy area. And it was the most fertile part of the state. The McCall plantation was established in 1796 when McCall got 210 acres on Four Mile Branch. He later acquired additional property through his marriage to Margaret McDowell. At the time of his death in 1813, he owned nearly 1,000 acres. The original McCall plantation was located on what is now National Cemetery Road. After the elder McCall died, his son, Thomas Jr., took over the ownership of the plantation. Since the land was in poor condition, the younger McCall moved to a section of land that was then in Marion. The McCall plantation was later purchased by the North Eastern Rail Road in 1854. The Pettigrew plantation, which appears to have had its beginning several years after the American Revolution, at its height spanned more than 2,000 acres. William Connell acquired portions of the land along Jeffries Creek and developed his plantation from that beginning. In 1804, he married a widow, Susannah Pettigrew, who had a son by the name of James A. Pettigrew. After Connell's death and the death of his wife, the antebellum plantation stayed intact for almost 15 years after the end of the Confederate War. The "big house" was later willed to Pettigrew's son, Joseph Edward Pettigrew, who later worked to create Florence County.

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Florence County Created In 1888 On December 22, 1888, the Act of the South Carolina General Assembly to create a new county to be known as Florence County was passed. It represented the culmination of five years of struggle which began in April 1883 during the campaign of Belton O'Neil Townsend to be elected “intendent” of the Town of Florence. Townsend was defeated, but the momentum created by the “campaign rhetoric” continued. An executive committee of prominent citizens, headed by Dr. James Evans, was formed in 1886 and began to work for the passage of the legislation which would take portions of Darlington, Williamsburg, Marion and Clarendon Counties to make the new county. The legislation was defeated in 1887. When the county did become a reality, the Town of Florence, by an act of the General Assembly, was incorporated as the City of Florence on December 24, 1890. Jerome P. Chase, the first intendent of the Town of Florence, became the first mayor of Florence. A key factor in the creation of Florence County was the agreement by the Town of Florence to build the courthouse for the proposed county. The South Carolina General Assembly would issue bonds to build the courthouse. December 22, 1988 and December 24, 1990 mark the 100th anniversaries of the creation of the County and of the City of Florence. SWAMP FOX - continued from page 8

Outnumbered by the loyalists, Marion and his men fled to one of his hiding places in North Carolina, leaving a handful of his troops to surveil the situation. Marion's spies subsequently sent word that the British had burned and pillaged a 70-mile stretch of homes between Black River and Lynches River, and the Swamp Fox and his men emerged from their hiding place at the Great White Marsh in North Carolina and once again engaged the enemy. “They sent word that the attitude was right and everybody was ready to take arms because their homes were burned,” Chandler explained. “Everybody was fired up and they decided to come home and take advantage of the enthusiasm.” Around midnight on that fateful day, September 14, 1780, Marion and his men arrived at Black Mingo and crossed the bridge at Willtown, alerting the British camped in the area of his advance. A battle ensued, and the fighting was so close, men said they felt the “wads falling on both sides,” Chandler said. The Battle of Black Mingo lasted only 15 minutes, but it was a bloody one. Accounts vary as to how many men were lost on each side, Chandler said. Recent historians suggest that two Americans were killed and eight wounded compared to three dead British and another 13 who were wounded or taken prisoner. Marion's forces won the battle at Black Mingo, chased the enemy into the swamp and captured their guns and ammunition. Part of Marion's booty included Captain Ball's horse, which he claimed for himself and named Ball. Some of the loyalists renounced the king of England, swore allegiance to the United States and joined Marion's band. “He was very bold and dashing and he knew how to use the swamp to the best effect,” said Dr. Robert Simpson, professor of history at Coker College. “He knew how to use the swamp and the British did not, so they were able to conduct their strategy based on that knowledge.” Simpson added that Marion's successful campaigns against the British in the south was one of the turning points in the American Revolution. “He helped prepare the way for the final victory. He was one of a number of American commanders who were successful in the last stages of the war, thus helping to turn the war against the British.

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DARLINGTON COUNTY AREA continued from below

First Settlers Of Hartsville, Darlington County From its very beginnings, Hartsville has shown uncommon community spirit and cooperation. The first settlers came in the 1760s to take advantage of the rich soil in the area. They formed an agricultural club and experimented with cultivation, plant breeding and fertilization. The results of their tests were made publicly available, benefitting all the farmers in the region. One of those early plantations belonged to Captain Thomas E. Hart. The city took its name from him and called itself Hartsville beginning in 1837 although it was not incorporated until 1891. The period from 1890 to 1910 brought growth to the area with the population increasing from 300 to over 2,300. During this time frame, the citizens banded together to build a railroad to Floyds. Showing the same vision, Hartsville was also one of the first locations in the state to turn to electric lights. The early 1900s also saw the contributions of Major James Lide Coker and his sons. They helped the town establish a bank and schools. In 1908, they converted Welsh Neck High School to Coker College, an institution that continues to provide higher education to its community and its region and which is the site of the South Carolina Governor's School for Science and Mathematics. Today Hartsville is restoring its downtown through the Main Street USA Program.

A Brief History Of Darlington County Courtesy of Darlington County Chamber of Commerce For nearly sixty years after the first settlements at Charles Town, the area which is now Darlington County was a heavily-timbered pine forest land, inhabited only by a few small indian tribes, of whom the Cheraws were the most dominant. Until the early 1730's, no white man had attempted to establish a home this far into the back-country along the upper Pee Dee; one of the first of whom we have any record, was one Murfee, who cleared a plantation on the Pee Dee River somewhere in the vicinity of what is known today as Pocket Landing. He was soon joined by an influx of Welshmen from Pennsylvania and Delaware. In an effort to induce settlers to come to this area of South Carolina, the colonial government in 1736 and again in 1737, set aside two immense grants of land extending for miles along both sides of the Pee Dee River, for the exclusive use of the Welsh Baptists in Delaware who were contemplating removal to this province. The entire length of Darlington County bonding on Pee Dee River, lies within the limits of these two old royal grants. The Welshmen came and started the nucleus of a new civilization in the wilderness, developing new institutions of their own, with little further aid or guidance from the royal government. At first, they congregated in the bend of the river opposite the present town of Society Hill, in what is now Marlboro County, where they had founded the Baptist Church of Christ at the Welsh Neck in 1738. The surnames of those constituting this church were James, Devonald, Evans, Harry, Wilds and Jones. From this bend in the river - called the Welsh Neck, the Welshmen cleared new lands up and down both sides of the river, first cultivating flax and hemp, later indigo, and raising cattle. The original Welsh domain was peacefully invaded by English, Scotch-Irish, French Huguenot and German Palatine settlers from other regions. Darlington County continued to be a stronghold of the Baptist denomination well into the nineteenth century. There were no churches of any other faith in the area until about 1789, when Methodist missionaries began to traverse the region seeking converts; their first foothold was in the present Lydia Neighborhood, where one of the oldest Methodist churches in South Carolina was founded - Wesley Chapel, or the “Gully Church.” The first and only Presbyterian Church in the district for years, was the Darlington Church, founded in 1827 by the Scotch-Irish settlers from Marion and Williamsburg District; the Episcolpalians of Darlington District were only able to support one church - Trinity Church, Society Hill, founded in 1833, for a quarter century until the second Episcopal Church was organized in 1859 near Mars Bluff. The first village in the entire area. . . and for many, many years, the only village within what is now Darlington County, sprang up on a bluff on the west side of Pee Dee River, across from the original settlements and church in the Welsh Neck. By 1760, this important trading post and boat-landing had come to be known as Long Bluff. It was chosen as the site for the Court House after Cheraws District was created in 1768. continued above

In 1777, a group of prosperous planters of the area formed the St. David’s Society to promote the cause of education. With the return of peace, a schoolhouse - St. David's Academy - was erected on the first hill beyond the river. (This school still stands today). A new community began to grow and was named Greeneville. The old village of Long Bluff was eventually abandoned in favor of the new village on the hill, which soon changed its name to Society Hill. In 1785, Darlington County was one of three counties created out of Old Cheraws District; the site of the Court House of the new county was finally agreed to be located on the plantation of John King, Sr., on Swift Creek, about the geographical center of the area. The lots were laid off, but this plat has never been found. The village thus created was first known as Darlington Court House. By 1820, other villages had sprung up throughout the district. In 1868, the name Darlington District (in use since 1798) was changed to Darlington County and provisions made for township system of county government patterned after that of the New England states. The system was unsuitable for this region and never developed as originally intended. In 1888, Darlington County, one of the larger counties of the state, lost almost one-third of its territory toward the formation of the new county of Florence; again, in 1901, it lost an additional 50 square miles of territory at the formation of the new county of Lee. From the time of Governor Williams’ cotton factory, there was no further serious attempt at manufacturing of any nature until 1883, when a cotton mill was built in Darlington under the leadership of Major James Lide Coker. Within the following twenty years, Major Coker had also organized at Hartsville. The Carolina Fibre Company and the Southern Novelty Company, both factories based on the conversion of southern pine into paper and paper products. Agriculture has, however, continued to be the mainstay of Darlington County until the present day; cotton was king until dethroned after World War One by fluecured tobacco, which was introduced to Darlington planters in the late 1880’s. Since World War Two, the industrial growth of the county has been very favorable and promises to provide an alternative to the decline in agricultural pursuits which are expected in the next generation.

Townships Of Darlington County Horack Fraser Rudisill Courtesy of Darlington County Chamber of Commerce

The Township system in South Carolina, abandoned since Colonial days, was reinstated by the Constitution of 1868 which created the office of County Commissioner in each of the several counties. The County Commissioners were empowered to “. . .divide their respective Counties into townships . . . and designate the name thereof . . .” Within Darlington County, twenty-one Townships were created, and each was given the name of a person closely identified with the RadicalCarpetbagger-Scalawag regime then coming into being. Boston, Lang and Rush townships were named for Darlington’s negro delegates to the South Carolina Legislature, John Boston, Jordan Lang and Alfred Rush. Rush, while a member of the Legislature, was assassinated in 1876, near his residence in the present Florence County. Holloman township was named for Griffin Holloman, Representative from Darlington in the Legislature 1868-70, active in the early days of the turpentine distilling industry of the county; Brown township was named for James M. Brown, a native of Camden, but long a resident of Darlington - a newspaperman and member of the first Board of County

continued on page 11

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DARLINGTON COUNTY AREA

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Call for Contributors: Native America: A State-by-State History Greenwood Press is seeking entries for its forthcoming three-volume publication, Native America: A State-by-State History. The volumes are intended for high school and college students with chapters organized by state. Each chapter will start with a chronology of events significant to Native American history in the state and will be followed by a narrative overview, a section highlighting individual Native people in the state, an essay on Native cultural contributions, and a list of suggested readings. Interested authors should submit a resume to editor Daniel S. Murphree at [email protected] or University of Texas, 3900 University Boulevard, Tyler, TX 75799.

A History Of Hartsville Thomas E. Hart came from Society Hill, about 15 miles north, to purchase nearly 8,000 acres along Black Creek in 1817. Here, Thomas and his wife, Hannah Lide Hart, established a plantation that became known as Kalmia. It is from Thomas Hart that Hartsville gets its name. Hart opened a road in 1825 from Kalmia to Society Hill and called it Home Avenue because it took him and Hannah "home" to Society Hill. He opened a country store and post office at Hart's Crossroads. Hart was postmaster, Commissioner of Free Schools, Captain in the South Carolina Militia and a merchant. With the depression of 1837-38, Captain Hart went bankrupt. Kalmia was sold to his son-in-law, Colonel T.C. Law. Farming was the principle industry in the early days, but settlers soon found other means of support. Hartsville enjoyed steady growth. In 1845, 21-year-old John Lide Hart bought 491 acres of virgin pine forest from Colonel Law. He established Hartsville Plantation in what is now downtown. John and his laborers felled trees and built his home, a carriage factory, a steam-powered sawmill, gristmill, workers' homes, a store, post office, a school and Hartsville Baptist Church (now known as First Baptist). John Hart's Carriage Factory grew steadily until 1855, when Caleb Coker of Society Hill bought it for his son, James Lide. James came to Hartsville in 1857 to practice the farming methods he'd learned at Harvard College, but the Civil War interrupted his plans. John Hart moved 15 miles west to Darlington. He was killed in an 1864 Civil War battle in Virginia. A severely wounded Major James L. Coker returned from the war to find his plantation in ruins. A courageous man, Coker set about to reconstruct the once-prospering township of Hartsville. Coker's interest in education led him to establish in 1894 the Welsh Neck High School, which later became Coker College. Along with sons James, David and Charles and son-in law Joseph Lawton, Major Coker began a seed company, oil mill, fertilizer plant, J.L. Coker & Company General Store, a bank, and a paper company called Southern Novelty Company. Failing to interest existing companies in building a railroad spur to Hartsville, the Cokers decided to build their own. The railroad became the means to build the little agricultural town into a thriving community with varied industries and commercial enterprises. In 1899, the Carolina Fiber Company and Coker's Southern Novelty Company merged to form what is now the internally diversified Sonoco Products Company. Major Coker completed Hart's vision by laying out the city's streets and lining them with trees, many of which still stand. With Black Creek now harnessed into two lakes and Interstates 20 and 95 passing through the area, Hartsville is proud and prospering. TOWNSHIPS - continued from page 10

Commissioners in 1868; Fludd township was named for Plato C. Fludd, a negro, who served variously as Darlington County Treasurer, Postmaster of Florence, S.C., and member of the Florence Town Council. Humphrey township was named for Robert J. Humphrey, Tax Collector who took office in 1868, former Church Clerk of Sardis Baptist Church in the present Florence County; Smith and Thomas townships were named for J. A. “Jack” Smith, negro, and Francis A. Thomas, County Commissioners - the latter simultaneously held the office of Postmaster at Timmonsville, S.C.; Snetter township was named for Rev. Edward J. Snetter, colored minister of the Cumberland A.M.E. Church in Florence. Whittemore township was named for Rev. B.F. Whittemore, County Senator in 1870, who, later, as a member of Congress, was expelled from that body. Wright township was named for Jonathan Wright, a native Darlingtonian - a County Commissioner and later Clerk of Court. Lunney township was named for Dr. John Lunney of Darlington - County Senator in 1868 one of the few office holders of the Reconstruction period who did not fall into disgrace. He continued to hold the esteem of the people of Darlington throughout a long life. continued above

Butler and Stevens townships were probably named for Gen. M.C. Butler and Thaddeus Stevens, the latter of Pennsylvania. Grant, Sherman and Lincoln townships need no explanation. Within a year after Wade Hampton became Governor, an act was passed authorizing the various County Commissioners to change the names of townships within their respective counties. These distasteful names, endured by Darlingtonians for a decade, were immediately changed to names more representative of the county and the area embraced by the township: Boston Township changed to Lisbon Brown Township changed to Cypress Butler Township changed to Leavensworth Colfax Township changed to Back Swanp Fludd Township changed to Ebenezer Grant Township changed to Florence Hamilton Township changed to Society Hill Holloman Township changed to Philadelphia Humphrey Township changed to James’ X Roads Lang Township changed to Palmetto Lincoln Township changed to Hartsville Lunney Township changed to Antioch Rollins Township changed to Tan's Bay Rush Township changed to Effingham Sherman Township changed to Stokes’ Bridge Smith Township changed to High Hill Snetter Township changed to Mechanicsville Stevens Township changed to Lydia Thomas Township changed to Timmonsville Whittemore Township changed to Darlington Wright Township changed to Swift Creek Although each township had its officials, the record of those for Fludd Township is the only one known to exist; viz: Selectmen Mathew A. Muldrow, Peter Quilling and Calvin Holmes; Town Clerk William H. Young; Road Surveyor Reddick P. Langston; and Constable Thomas Sims. Many of these townships yet retain the names given them in 1878, although some have been absorbed into the “new” counties of Florence and Lee.

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DARLINGTON, GEORGETOWN & HORRY COUNTY AREA

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PAGE 14

HORRY COUNTY AREA continued from below

A Historical Look at Horry County Reprinted Courtesy Of The Author, Kelly Lee Brosky The northeastern corner of South Carolina, known as Horry (pronounced O-REE') County, is a diverse land of rivers, beaches, forests and swamps. Horry County is bordered on its eastern side by the Atlantic Ocean and on its western side by Georgetown County, the Great and Little Pee Dee Rivers and Drowning Creek, also known as the Lumber River, and on the north by North Carolina. The Waccamaw River runs through the eastern half of the county. In the middle to late 1800s, the county was sometimes referred to as "the Waccamaw River Railroad Bridge Independent Republic of Horry", a nickc. 1905 name that had a humorous beginning and referred to politically independent minded people. Horry County has been inhabited for at least ten thousand years. The area that is today Horry County was once the home of the Waccamaw tribe, a Siouan people. In 1663, the area we now know as South Carolina and North Carolina was part of land granted to eight powerful Englishmen, known as the Lords Proprietors, by King Charles II of England. The western boundary of the land grant was the "South Seas". In 1729, all but one of the Lords Proprietors sold their interest in the grant to England's King George II who later dispatched surveyors to lay out eleven townships in South Carolina in order to develop the "back country" of the Carolina Province. Kingston Township, located on the Waccamaw River, was one of those original townships. The village located within the township was called Kingston, now known as Conway. Early surveyors found a wilderness that would draw fur traders, second sons of English nobility, and adventurous settlers seeking land. Many went seeking religious freedom. Those of wealth and consequence bought or were granted large tracts of land. As these settlers slowly moved into the Horry County area, then known as Craven County, some settled along the coast to fish the Atlantic Ocean and its inlets. As a result, the coastal fishing village of Little River developed and is one of the oldest settlements in the county. The fur trade continued to flourish but the naval stores industry and farming eventually became prevalent. In the 1700s and early 1800s, indigo was a major cash crop for the coastal area. The indigo was harvested from plants introduced to the area and from them a dye was made that was very much in demand in Europe. Several indigo plantations were situated along the Horry County coastline. Cattle and pigs were also important commodities in this area, just as they were throughout early coastal South Carolina. From the earliest days of Horry County's history up until the latter half of the 19th Century, the naval stores industry was prominent in Horry County. The seemingly inexhaustible supply of pitch, pine tar, turpentine, and a variety of other naval products supplied many Horry County citizens with the majority of their income until the industry tapped out all of the natural resources needed for the production of naval stores and moved southward in the late 1800s. Horry citizens, like other colonists, could be separated into two main groups as the British American colonies approached 1776. Those known as Whigs wanted to break all ties with England. On the opposite end were the Tories who remained loyal to the throne. The Horry County area saw small skirmishes during the Revolutionary War. General Francis Marion, known as the "Swamp Fox" for his ability to disappear into the swamps, had relatives in the area and passed through on occasions. Many of "Marion's Brigade" came from the Horry County area, which was then a part of Georgetown District. Col. Peter Horry served under General Marion, and the two combined to eventually rid the area of the British. A planter of French Huguenot descent, Peter Horry (O-REE') was born in SC ca. 1747. A lieutenant colonel in the Revolution and later brigadier general in the SC Militia, he represented Prince George Winyah and All Saints parishes in the SC House and Senate. continued above

Painting of Peter Horry

In 1801, Kingston County, which had been formed from Georgetown District in 1785, was renamed Horry District for Peter Horry. He died in 1815 and is buried at Trinity Episcopal Church in Columbia, SC. The years between the Revolutionary War and War Between the States were peaceful; new commerce and settlers entered the county. The Tariff of 1828, enacted to protect northern industry by imposing duties on imported goods, Seaside Inn enraged southern cotton growers who (First Myrtle Beach Hotel) mostly traded with England. This, along with the famous 1857 Dred Scott decision, a Supreme Court case that ruled against the exclusion of slavery in states, served to further divide the country. These issues brought three ideologies to the forefront, Secessionists, Unionists, and Cooperationists. The Secessionists strongly believed a state that had joined the Union voluntarily, should, at will, be able to withdraw. The Unionists, on the opposite side of the issue, just as strongly believed that a state may have the legal right to withdraw, but it was not morally correct to do so. In the middle of this heated debate, were the Cooperationists. This group agreed that a state had both the moral and legal right to withdraw, but felt that cooperation was more productive. In 1860, southern states sent delegates to a convention to discuss the issue of Secession. In December of that year, South Carolina, a staunch state's rights supporter, was first to adopt an Ordinance of Secession. Horry County, while not aggressively Secessionist, joined the "Cause" as soon as South Carolina seceded. On April 12, 1861 cadets from the Citadel, SC's military college in Charleston, fired on Federal forces at Fort Sumter in Charleston harbor as they were attempting to re-supply the fort which SC argued was state property. The War had begun. The thundering sound of the bombardment in Charleston Harbor could be heard in Horry District. Although no major battles were fought in Horry, the Civil War had a major impact on the county. Somewhere around 90 percent of the county's white male

continued on page 15

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PAGE 15

A HISTORICAL LOOK - continued from page 14

continued from below

population marched off to war. They saw fighting on nearly all of the major battlefields. Many of these men, young and old alike did not live to return to Horry District again. Most military activity in the area during that time involved the Union naval blockade of our coast. While Horry's men fought for Southern independence, the women, left alone, faced outrageous prices, a Diphtheria epidemic which killed many children, and, in the closing days of the war, roving bands of deserters. The county seat, which had originally been named Kingston, but was renamed Conwayborough after another Revolutionary War figure, Robert Conway, was raided early in 1865. Also, early in the year of 1865, Union troops aboard gunboats, fresh from Maine, sailed up from Georgetown to Conwayborough and occupied the county seat. After the War Between the States economic progress gradually returned to the area. The first train pulled into Conway in midDecember of 1887. This era also saw an end to the naval stores industry that the area's economy had depended on since the arrival of the first settlers. With the profits of cotton falling, the farmers of Horry started turning to tobacco as a cash crop in the late 1890s. In 1900, the Conway & Seashore Railroad was established from Conway to the seashore at Long Bay and the new town at the end of the tracks was named Myrtle Beach, named after the native Wax Myrtle shrub which grew behind the Old Horry County Courthouse dunes. Burroughs & c. 1915 Collins Co. built the first hotel at the beach and named it the Seaside Inn. The new resort was first used by Conway residents. In 1898, Conwayborough shortened its name to Conway and was finally incorporated after being founded 166 years earlier in 1732. Loris, a stop on the railroad leading to Chadbourn, NC, grew quickly as a market for the tobacco growers. It was incorporated in 1902. The town of Aynor was laid out in 1911 in the western section of the county and connected to Conway and Myrtle Beach by the Conway Coast & Western Railroad tracks. It was incorporated in 1914. Several important events for Horry County occurred in the period between the dawning of the 20th century and the start of World War I. The first automobile was seen in Conway in 1906 and Paul Quattlebaum, the son of a local leader, brought electric lights to the area. A new Horry County courthouse was dedicated on May 22, 1908. It was the third courthouse to serve the area. The former one, located on Main Street in Conway and completed in 1825, was designed by Robert Mills, the designer of the Washington Monument, and is currently used by Conway city government as the Conway City Hall. In response to German submarines that had patrolled off the cost of the eastern United States during World War I, the United States Congress commissioned the Intracoastal Waterway in 1919. When finished in 1936, the Waterway stretched across the coastal section of the county, connecting Little River to Socastee Swamp and the Waccamaw River. The final portion of the Waterway to be completed was in Horry County. The official national dedication and opening of the Waterway was held in Socastee at the site of the existing turn-bridge. Even though the Stock Market crashed in 1929 and the great Depression followed in 1930, most county residents persevered. The average resident was a farmer, used to the daily struggle to survive. Myrtle Beach continued to grow and was eventually incorporated in 1938. Other improvements to the area at that time included the establishment of the Myrtle Beach State Park which opened in early 1934. When war once again came to the U.S. on December 7, 1941, Germans once again patrolled off of the South Carolina coast. It was not uncommon to hear explosions or see oil slicks and debris along area beaches. The Intracoastal Waterway

became an important means of marine transportation as it provided a safe route for boats. It was common to see German soldiers on the streets of Myrtle Beach and Conway. These soldiers were German prisoners of war being held at a camp in Myrtle Beach. The soldiers were often allowed much freedom and many worked in the local communities. In the name of national defense, the United States Army took over 100,000 acres between the Intracoastal Waterway and present day Highway 90, forcing over 300 families to relocate. The land was used to establish a bombing range and flight school. Horry's men, never ones to wait for a draft, volunteered in droves to fight for their country. The ladies, most of which were left behind as in other wars, formed a branch of the USO in Myrtle Beach, while some enlisted and served overseas in various capacities. Horry's men and women served their country in exotic places and many made the ultimate sacrifice. During the 1950s, the Grand Strand continued to grow into a family vacation destination. Growth was stunted temporarily by Hurricane Hazel which came ashore Myrtle Beach, c. 1900s north of Myrtle Beach in October of 1954. The devastation was compounded by its arrival during high tide. The category 4 hurricane left much of the Grand Strand in ruins. The rebuilt Grand Strand was little like its southern, ocean side resort predecessor. Investors with large capital discovered the investment potential and took the opportunity Mother Nature offered to replace the single family cottages and small oceanfront hotels with large hotels and golf courses. Since 1950 a multitude of new residents, businesses, and increased tourism has changed the

continued above

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HAPPY HOLIDAYS!

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MINCEY’S BODY SHOP Locally Owned & Operated By Tony Mincey The people at MINCEY’S BODY SHOP are specialists when it comes to all types of auto body repairs and painting. The next time you need your car’s body repaired or repainted, be sure to take it to this reliable shop.They are located at 4744 Broad St. in Loris, phone 843-756-5442. The owners and all of the employees at MINCEY’S BODY SHOP understand auto body repair work thoroughly, and will put this knowledge to work for you. If you need auto paint work done, you can be assured a quality job here because they have all the necessary tools and equipment. Insurance policies allow you to select the repair shop of your choice so, when making your selection, think first of MINCEY’S BODY SHOP. Whether the job is large or small, you will always receive the same courteous treatment. They are well-known in this area because they have the knowledge that puts their work in a class by itself! So, remember, for any auto body work or painting, contact MINCEY’S BODY SHOP. The writers of this 2009 Historical Review for Horry County are proud to include MINCEY’S BODY SHOP with the other leading businesses in the area. Tony and everyone at MINCEY’S BODY SHOP thank the people of this area for placing their complete trust and confidence in them, look forward to serving you in the future, and wish you a safe and happy holiday season!

PAGE 16

HORRY COUNTY AREA A HISTORICAL LOOK - continued from page 15

Brief History of Horry County Courtesy of Kelly Lee Brosky Welcome to Horry County, land of the fiercely proud historic Independent Republic of Horry, a county of dual personality where a primarily agrarian land co-exists with the glitz of the internationally famous vacation mecca of Myrtle Beach. Horry County, the largest of the state's 46 counties, boasts a history of human habitation for thousands of years. These include Chicora Indian sites, a Spanish settlement in 1526, and British settlers in the 1600s. Historic events include: Revolutionary battles, a 1791 visit from President George Washington, a Civil War battle at Fort Randall, and an overseas embarkation from the Myrtle Beach Air Force Base during World War II. Population in 1820 was recorded at 5,025 - and today approximately 238,493 (2006) reside within the county. Early industries included lumbering, turpentine production, the building of ships, and tobacco farming. Tourism to the area began in the early 1900s. By the late 1950s, tourism boomed. Presently the county hosts over 12 million visitors a year. Horry County boasts some unusual geographic features. The Waccamaw River, a major link of the north-south Intracoastal Waterway, has played a unique role in the Horry County history. Several coastal swashes dot the coastline. Carolina Bays attract naturalists from around the world. In addition to historic sites, Horry County offers endless seashore activities. Beckoning attractions entice both locals and visitors: themed entertainment facilities; amusement parks such as the new Hard Rock Park (opening in 2008); campgrounds; and, golf courses, including "The Granddaddy - the historic Pine Lakes International Country Club. Other sites of interest are the Vereen Memorial Historical Gardens, the Playcard Environmental Educational Center with its logging, early farming, Indian culture exhibits and annual Swamp Fest, and the African-American Freewood Farms. Cultural attractions are at home here with art and history museums. Many South Carolinians who have impacted world history are honored at the South Carolina Hall of Fame located in the Myrtle Beach Convention Center. Coastal Carolina University, Webster University, Horry-Georgetown Technical College and North American Institute of Aviation offer higher educational opportunities. First-class libraries offer research facilities. Conway, the county seat, is named for Revolutionary War hero Brigadier General Robert Conway. Horry (pronounced Oh-ree) County is named for another Revolutionary hero, Brigadier General Peter Horry. May the historic ambience of Horry County enrich your life as you pass this way or as you stay.

face of the Grand Strand and Horry County in general. The Myrtle Beach of yesteryear, with its railroad and quaint seaside cottages disappeared into antiquity only to be replaced by multi-million dollar resorts. From 2005-06 the Myrtle Beach area was the fourth fastest growing area in the nation. It attracts Gully Store (First Store of millions of visitors each Burrough & Collins in Conway) year. c. 1900

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Galivants Ferry Reprinted Courtesy Of Kelly Lee Brosky The Galivants Ferry Historic District is listed in the National Register of Historical Places as it represents a significant site in American history, architecture, archeology, engineering, and culture. The National Register is administered by the National Park Service, which is part of the U.S. Department of the Interior. Galivants Ferry was first mentioned in the South Carolina Statutes At Large in 1792 at a place then called Elirsee's Landing. The ferry crossing was vested with Richard Gallevan for an initial period of fourteen years and the permitted fees were stated in British pounds sterling. At that time, the county name was Kingston County and the county seat was Conwayboro. The ferry crossing was again mentioned in the 1795 South Carolina Acts Relating To Roads, Bridges and Ferries, with the name Elvise's Landing, being vested with Richard Gullivan and the fees paid in U.S. dollars. The road and ferry to Kingston County were the main access point from Marion County, then known as Liberty County, to the county of Kingston, now known as Horry County. As such, the road and ferry were maintained at public expense for the good of all citizens. The first wood plank road through the Pee Dee Swamp was built to the ferry in the 1800's. Today one can still see the remains of a fertilizer barge in times of low water just upstream of the present highway bridge. It resembles ferry barges from the early 1800's. Unlike the large plantation-based farms in Marion County, western Horry County was little changed from the early pioneer days. It was an agrarian economy scratched out of a sandy, swampy, landscape. This area of the state was isolated by numerous rivers and swamps, so access was difficult and the inhabitants sometimes referred to the area as the "Independent Republic of Horry". Joseph William Holliday, orphaned at an early age, inherited a share in the sizeable estate of his father, but his inheritance was quickly squandered by his guardian and he soon found himself working for uncaring relatives as an indentured servant. Despite the unhappy start, Holliday worked hard, gave himself a good education, and grew prosperous. His early experience was the fire that forged his success and an iron resolve from which he was known throughout the state's coastal plain. continued on page 17

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continued from below

Horry County Historical Time-Line Reprinted Courtesy Of Kelly Lee Brosky 10,000 BC - Estimated earliest human habitation of the area 1735 - First land grants in Horry 1776-1783 - American Revolution. Small engagements at Bear Bluff and Black Lake. General Francis Marion, the "Swamp Fox", is said to have camped at Kingston (Conway) overnight on his way to the Battle of Black Mingo. 1801 - Horry District renamed for Brigadier General Peter Horry (1743-1815) and the village of Kinston was re-named Conwayborough for Brigadier General Robert Conway. 1861-1865 - American Civil War. The first newspaper for the area, the Horry Dispatch was established. 1876 - Wade Hampton's speech. The marker on the oak tree at Fifth and Main in Conway commemorates his speech during his political campaign. 1883 - The General Assembly changes the name of Conwayborough to Conway. 1886 - The Charleston Earthquake is felt in Horry. 1887 - The Railroad came to Conway. 1893 - October 13 - Tidal Wave 1898 - The city of Conway is incorporated. 1900 - The first train ran to the beach. 1902 - A wooden bridge at Galivants Ferry opened access to the rest of South Carolina. Loris is incorporated. 1906 - The first automobile is seen in Conway. 1907 - Electric lights come to Conway. 1908 - County Courthouse dedicated May 22. 1914 - Aynor is incorporated. 1917-1918 - World War I 1936 - Intracoastal Waterway is completed and dedicated at Socastee April 11. 1938 - Myrtle Beach is incorporated. 1940 - Horry Electric Cooperative is formed April 24 and brings electricity to rural Horry County. 1941-1945 - World War II 1954 - First Sun Fun Festival. Hurricane Hazel hit October 15. Coastal Carolina University is established 1964 - Surfside Beach is incorporated. 1966 - Atlantic Beach is incorporated. 1968 - Ocean Drive Beach, Crescent Beach, Windy Hill Beach, and Cherry Grove Beach consolidated to become North Myrtle Beach. 1976 - First Horry County Council is elected. Briarcliffe Acres is incorporated. 1977 - First Horry County Council is seated. 1989 - Hurricane Hugo (Category 4). 1993 - Myrtle Beach Airforce Base closed. 1996 - Hurricanes Bertha, July 12, and Fran, September 5. 1999 - Hurricane Floyd 2000 - Horry County enters the new Millennium. 2001 - Horry County Bicentennial. 2002 - May 22 the Horry County Government & Justice Center is dedicated. 2003 - The first woman, Liz Gilland, is elected chairman of Horry County Council. References Bedford, Goff, Dr., (1989). The Independent Republic. A Survey History of Horry County South Carolina (Revised Edition). Gragg, Rod. The Illustrated History of Horry County. Lewis, Catherine H. (Horry County Historical Society). Brief Chronology of Horry County History (Online). Available: http://www.hchsonline.org. GALIVANT'S FERRY - continued from page 16

J.W. Holliday first came to Horry County in the year 1852 having leased 9000 acres of pineland along the Waccamaw River at Pot Bluff for a turpentine operation, which produced naval stores. Naval stores in the 1880's consisted of products from the prolific long leaf pine forest that dominated the area. Sap bled from the trees produced turpentine, pitch and tar, all of which were transported down the Pee Dee River to Georgetown to be used on the hulls of wooden boats to prevent marine worm infestation. In 1865, J.W. Holliday's business was destroyed by war and he moved to Galivants Ferry. In 1869 he opened a store on the banks of the Little Pee Dee River that grew to become the major source of farm supplies in Western Horry County. An innovative farmer, J.W. Holliday perhaps is best remembered for introducing the flue-cured type of tobacco raised in Horry County. Thereafter, he and his descendants at Galivants Ferry have been associated with continued above

economic progress and public service in South Carolina. George J. Holliday, the son of J.W. Holliday and the grandson of Senator R.G.W. Grissette, graduated from Harvard University and returned to S.C. He expanded his father's mercantile business, opening stores in Aynor and Jordanville. While the rest of the state and region suffered the consequences of the boll weevil on the cotton crop, he experimented with tobacco in 1900, expanding its cultivation throughout the area by the 1920's. Horry County soon came to be recognized as the largest tobacco producer in S.C. and George Holliday, the largest tobacco grower in America. Throughout the Great Depression, George Holliday continued to supply a population from which money had all but vanished. To deal with this problem, Holliday produced a form of money called "scrip" which the locals could barter for goods at the Holliday stores. Back then, the majority of agriculture output was produced by farmers living on the land with their families and agreeing to "share the crop" with the land owner generally on a 50/50 basis, thus the term "sharecropper". At it's peak, 1200 to 1500 people were supported by the Holliday farms in western Horry County. In 1876, the now famous, longest running political gathering was held in the Galivants Ferry district featuring General Wade Hampton, former Civil War hero, in his run for governor. Political speakings were referred to as "Stump Speakings". Galivants Ferry recently celebrated 128 years as the longest running Democratic stump speaking in America. During it's heyday in the early 1900's, Galivants Ferry formulated the basis for Horry County's tobacco heritage as well as maintaining The Old Democratic Primary (stump) speakings. George Holliday's two sons, Joseph and John Monroe, continued the tradition of farming excellence as well as supplying the farm community with necessary products for farming, feeding and clothing families in the area. Today, the fifth generation of Hollidays carry on after the manner of their forebearers, despite the fact that tobacco is vanishing and the "old world" no longer exists. Because of its unique heritage, Galivants Ferry was recognized by being placed in the National Register of Historic Places in 2001. Buildings so designated, include, the church, owner residences, grist (grinding) mill, packhouse, storehouses, tenant (sharecropper) dwellings, and various types of barns including the big red barn.

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The Year We Had Two Thanksgivings in November to be Thanksgiving, but that is not the case. Although Americans had celebrated days of thanksgiving before, it was not until 1863 when President Lincoln began the observance of Thanksgiving in November. The following letters are just a few of the thousands of letters President Roosevelt received regarding his decision to move Thanksgiving up one week:

Document Transcripts On Thanksgiving Day, November 23, 1939, Franklin Roosevelt carved the turkey at the annual Thanksgiving Dinner at Warm Springs, Georgia, and wished all Americans across the country a Happy Thanksgiving. Unfortunately, his greeting went unanswered in some states; many Americans were not observing Thanksgiving on the same day as the President. Instead, they were waiting to carve their turkeys on the following Thursday because November 30th in many states was the official Thanksgiving Day. Two Thanksgivings? Why were Americans celebrating a national holiday on two different days? At the beginning of Franklin Roosevelt's presidency, Thanksgiving was not a fixed holiday; it was up to the President to issue a Thanksgiving Proclamation to announce what date the holiday would fall on. However, Thanksgiving was always the last Thursday in November because that was the day President Abraham Lincoln observed the holiday when he declared Thanksgiving a national holiday in 1863. Franklin Roosevelt continued that tradition, but he soon found that tradition was difficult to keep in extreme circumstances such as the Great Depression. His first Thanksgiving in office, 1933, fell on November 30th, the last day of the month, because November had five Thursdays that year. Since statistics showed that most people did not do their Christmas shopping until after Thanksgiving, business leaders feared they would lose money, especially during the Depression, because there were only 24 shopping days between Thanksgiving and Christmas. They asked Franklin Roosevelt to make Thanksgiving one week earlier. President Roosevelt ignored those concerns in 1933, but when Thanksgiving once again threatened to fall on the last day of November in 1939, FDR reconsidered the request and moved the date of Thanksgiving up one week. Thanksgiving 1939 would be held, President Roosevelt proclaimed, on November 23rd and not November 30th. Changing the date of Thanksgiving seemed harmless enough, but in actuality proved quite controversial. It was so upsetting that thousands of letters poured into the White House once President Roosevelt announced the date change. Some retailers were pleased because they hoped the extra week of Christmas shopping would increase profits, but smaller businesses complained they would lose business to larger stores. Other companies that depended on Thanksgiving as the last Thursday of November lost money; calendar makers were the worst hit because they printed calendars years in advance and FDR made their calendars out of date for the next two years. Schools were also disrupted by Roosevelt's decision; most schools had already scheduled vacations and annual Thanksgiving Day football games by the time they learned of Thanksgiving's new date and had to decide whether or not to reschedule everything. Moreover, many Americans were angry that Roosevelt tried to alter such a long-standing tradition and American values just to help businesses make more money.* As opposition grew, some states took matters into their own hands and defied the Presidential Proclamation. Some governors declared November 30th as Thanksgiving. And so, depending upon where one lived, Thanksgiving was celebrated on the 23rd and the 30th. This was worse than changing the date in the first place because families that lived in states such as New York did not have the same day off as family members in states such as Connecticut! Family and friends were unable to celebrate the holiday together. Franklin Roosevelt observed Thanksgiving on the second to last Thursday of November for two more years, but the amount of public outrage prompted Congress to pass a law on December 26, 1941, ensuring that all Americans would celebrate a unified Thanksgiving on the fourth Thursday of November every year. *Many Americans at the time believed that the Pilgrims chose the last Thursday

Letter from Downtown Association of Los Angeles Downtown Association of Los Angeles 426 G. Bartlett Building | Seventh and Spring Telephone Vandike 1428 October 2, 1933 Hon. Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the United States, White House, Washington, D.C. Dear Mr. President: Thanksgiving, this year, according to the usual custom, would fall upon November 30th, the last Thursday in November, which would leave but twenty shopping days before Christmas. It is an established fact that Christmas buying begins vigorously every year in the retail stores the day following Thanksgiving and that the Thanksgiving to Christmas period is the busiest retail period of the whole year. The Downtown Association of Los Angeles feels that Abraham Lincoln's Proclamation of 1864 setting aside a day for Thanksgiving to be the 4th or last Thursday in November of each year can be carried out to the letter by designating in your Thanksgiving Proclamation this year, November 23rd, the fourth Thursday in November as the day of Thanksgiving. You will appreciate the importance that an additional week incorporated in this great holiday season will have upon the distribution activities of the entire United States and the added impetus that will be given thereby to the efforts of the administration and the N.R.A. to increase employment and purchasing power. The Downtown Association of Los Angeles respectfully requests your consideration of this practical suggestion, believing that your approval would have the deep appreciation of the merchants of the entire country. Respectfully yours, Dain Sturges Secretary. -----------------------------------------------------------------------Telegram from Richman Brothers WESTERN UNION TELEGRAM 1933 OCT 13 AM 10 31 HA154 108 DL=WUX CLEVELAND OHIO 13 1021A PRESIDENT FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT= THE WHITE HOUSE WASHDC= AS AMERICAS LARGEST CLOTHING MANUFACTURERS WE DESIRE TO EXPRESS OUR EMPHATIC PROTEST AGAINST THE SELFISH ATTEMPT OF A SMALL GROUP OF STORES TO CHANGE THE DATE OF THANKSGIVING DAY <STOP> QUITE ASIDE FROM THE HALLOWED TRADITIONAL REASON WE BELIEVE THE PROPOSED CHANGE WOULD HURT MORE MERCHANTS THAN IT WOULD HELP <STOP> IT WOULD SHORTEN THE SEASON AND CURTAIN THE FALL BUSINESS OF CLOTHES AND ALL SEASONABLE GOODS FOR THE BENEFIT OF NOVELTY AND SMALL GIFT ITEMS <STOP> UNDER THE CIRCUMSTANCES WE BELIEVE NOTHING IS TO GAINED FOR THE BUSINESS AND INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE OF THE COUNTRY AS A WHOLE AND WE EARNESTLY URGE YOU TO DISREGARD THIS SELFISH DEMAND= THE RICHMAN BROTHERS CO. ------------------------------------------------------------------------

continued on page 19

PAGE 19 TWO THANKSGIVINGS - continued from page 18

continued from below

Letter From Charles Arnold ARNOLD'S MEN'S SHOP, INC., Brooklyn, N.Y. August 15th, 1939

the calendar companies, and in many instances it will result in bankruptcy. You will realize, I am sure, that if you had purchased calendars last January for delivery this coming December, to be distributed January 1940, you would want those calendars to show the correct date for Thanksgiving, and you would expect the manufacturer to furnish them - Presidential Proclamation notwithstanding. Due to the fact that 90% of the calendars will be showing Thanksgiving on the usual date for 1940, your Presidential Proclamation should be rescinded; and if it is necessary to change Thanksgiving it should not be changed until 1941. Otherwise, it is going to be difficult for calendar manufactures to get their customers to use the calendars already printed.

President Franklin D. Roosevelt White House, Washington, D.C. Dear President Roosevelt: Would like to give you the view point of the small merchant in regard to your change of the Thanksgiving date. The small storekeeper would prefer leaving Thanksgiving Day where it belongs. If the large department stores are over-crowded during the shorter shopping period before Christmas, the overflow will come, naturally, to the neighborhood store. Before writing, have consulted with my fellow directors of the Flatbush Chamber of Commerce, as well as my fellow trustees of the Kings Highway Board of Trade, and the executive council of the Associated Retailers of Greater New York, of which I am chairman. We have waited many years for a late Thanksgiving to give us an advantage over the large stores, and we are sadly disappointed at your action, in this matter. Kindly reconsider and oblige thousands of small retail storekeepers throughout this country. Sincerely yours, Charles A. Arnold Arnold's Men's Shop Inc., CAA:MLC Written in behalf of over 500 Adam Hat Agents whose association I head. CAA -----------------------------------------------------------------------Letter from Robert Benson JOE WILLIAMS Real Estate, Rentals, Insurance in all forms Groton, South Dakota, August 17, 1939 Mr. F.D. Roosevelt, Washington, D.C. Dear Sir: Referring to your proposal as to changing the date of Thanksgiving to November 23, we think we have just the place for you out here in South, Dakota. Yankton. After all this country is not entirely money-minded, we need a certain amount of idealism and sentiment to keep up the morale of our people, and you, would even take that from us. After all we want to make this country better for our posterity, and you must remember we are not running a Russia or communistic government. Between your ideas of running for a third term, and your changing dates of century old holidays, we believe you have practically lost your popularity and the good will of the people of the Northwest. Sincerely, Robert S. Benson Clarabelle Voight, As representatives of the northwest -----------------------------------------------------------------------Letter from John Taylor The Budget Press. Calendars. "Gift" cards Salem, Ohio, August 15, 1939 The President, Washington, D.C. Subject: Thanksgiving Mr. President: Millions of calendars for 1940 have already been printed and sold. We alone have printed over two million 1940 calendars. As you probably know, calendars are sold mostly in January, February, and March, for delivery in the Fall of the year, for use during the coming year, in order that we may keep our employees busy throughout the full twelve months. Otherwise, we would be working day and night the last few months and shut down most of the year. This situation makes it necessary to print calendars almost a full year in advance. As stated before, at the present time nearly all calendars are printed for 1940 and we have in preparation most of the preliminary work for 1941 calendars, which are sold by salesmen starting the first of December. In other words, actual samples of 1941 calendars are placed on display in December 1939. Your change for Thanksgiving naturally makes all 1939 calendars obsolete, as well as all 1940 calendars, although it is not too late to change the preliminary work for 1941. I am afraid your change for Thanksgiving is going to cause the calendar manufacturers untold grief. If very many customers demand 1940 calendars to correspond with your proclamation, hundreds of thousands of dollars will be lost by

Yours respectfully, John Taylor -----------------------------------------------------------------------Letter from New York University NEW YORK UNIVERSITY, University Board of Athletic Control Washington Square, New York August 22, 1939 The Secretary to the President, The White House, Washington, D.C. My dear Mr. Secretary: I am wondering if you are at liberty at this time to supply me with any information over and above what has appeared in the public press to date regarding the plan of the President to proclaim November 23 as Thanksgiving Day this year instead of November 30. Over a period of years it has been customary for my institution to play its annual football game with Fordham University at the Yankee Stadium here at New York University on Thanksgiving Day, although there have been some instances during this period when the game has been played on the Saturday following Thanksgiving Day. As you probably know, it has become necessary to frame football schedules three to five years in advance, and for both 1939 and 1940 we had arranged to play our annual football game with Fordham on Thanksgiving Day, with the belief that such day would fall upon the fourth Thursday in November. Please understand that all of us interested in the administration of intercollegiate athletics realize that there are considerations and problems before the country for solution which are far more important than the schedule problems of intercollegiate athletics. However, some of us are confronted with the problem of readjusting the date of any football contest affected by the President's proposal. As soon as I read of the President's proposal, I advised our Graduate Manager in charge of schedule making simply to mark time pending further public pronouncement by the President as to the definiteness of his proposal. I thought that there might be a change of mind on his part following such public comment which has been made in the press. However, time is slipping past and if it is necessary for us to make arrangements for changing the date of our game The Secretary to the President Page 2. This year, we should be taking steps very shortly to make such change effective and to make public announcement with regard to it. In short, I am wondering if you could furnish me with answers to the following questions which should prove helpful to us in reaching a decision: 1. Has the plan of the President as announced in the press been definitely established, with the result that Thanksgiving Day in 1939 will come on November 23 and not upon November 30 as had been generally anticipated? 2. If no definite decision has been reached as yet, are you in a position to state the earliest possible date upon which a final decision will be rendered? 3. Granted that the President does proclaim the third Thursday, November 23, as Thanksgiving Day for 1939, does it necessarily follow that the same procedure will be employed in 1940, with the result that Thanksgiving Day during the course of that year would fall upon November 21 rather than upon the fourth Thursday of the month, namely, November 28? I realize, of course, that you may not be in a position to furnish me at this time with the information sought, but you will appreciate that any light which you may be able to throw upon our problem will be extremely helpful. Very truly your, Philip O. Badger, Chairman of the University Board of Athletic Control, and Assistant to the Chancellor ------------------------------------------------------------------------

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PAGE 20

GEORGETOWN COUNTY AREA

TWO THANKSGIVINGS - continued from page 19

Letter from Eleanor Lucy Blydenburgh 171 Steuben Street, Brooklyn, New York, October 18, 1939 President Franklin D. Roosevelt The White House, Washington, D.C. Your Excellency, Your recent decision to change the date of our Thanksgiving Day has just taken effect here at Pratt Institute. Our directors announced that our school vacation would begin on the twenty-third of November and last until the twenty-sixth because New York, being your home state, is abiding by your decision. However, where I come from, Connecticut, they'll be observing it on the thirtieth of November as usual. Really, this situation makes my heart ache because I love our Thanksgiving Holidays as much if not a bit more than our Christmas Holidays. Oh, I've missed one other Thanksgiving at home with my parents because I was away at college and too far away to get home to celebrate with them and I didn't like being away at that time either but I see its going to happen again. I would really like to know just why you did change the date, my curiosity has been aroused. You probably won't see or hear of this letter because you are so busy however, it's been nice writing you about the situation. Respectfully yours, (Miss) Eleanor Lucy Blydenburgh -----------------------------------------------------------------------Telegram from F.P. Archer, Sr. TELEGRAM THE WHITE HOUSE, Washington 3PO. RA. 49-D. L. 8:45 a.m. Miami, Florida, August 16, 1939 THE PRESIDENT. Mr. President: Please inform those who disagree with your advance Thanksgiving date that every day is Thanksgiving in Florida. We who love healthful sunshine, bounteous harvests of fruits and vegetables and the clean, cool breezes from the Gulf Stream never cease thanking Almighty God for these daily blessings.

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The President, White House, Washington, D.C. Mr. President: I see by the paper this morning where you want to change Thanksgiving Day to November 23 of which I heartily approve. Thanks. Now, there are some things that I would like done and would appreciate your approval: 1. Have Sunday changed to Wednesday; 2. Have Monday's to be Christmas; 3. Have it strictly against the Will of God to work on Tuesday; 4. Have Thursday to be Pay Day with time and one-half for overtime; 5. Require everyone to take Friday and Saturday off for a fishing trip down the Potomac. With these in view and hoping you will give me some consideration at your next Congress, I remain, Yours very truly, Shelby O. Bennett -----------------------------------------------------------------------Telegram from Leota and Helen Care WESTERN UNION HA 107 18 4 EXTRA=ALLIANCE OHIO 8 1137A FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT= PRESIDENT THE WHITE HOUSE WASHDC= CONGRATULATIONS ON YOUR REELECTION. WHEN SHALL WE SERVE OUR THANKSGIVING TURKEY 21ST? OR 28TH?= LEOTA AND HELEN CARE THE ALLIANCE RESTAURANT. 21ST 28TH.

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The Kaminski House Museum

PAGE 21

Happy Holidays!

A PreRevolutionary Landmark

One of Georgetown's architectural jewels is the Kaminski House Museum. The home was built in the late 1700's on a bluff overlooking historic Front Street and the Sampit River waterfront. The Kaminski House Museum's great appeal is its collection of fine antiques. Outstanding pieces include: a 15th Century Spanish wedding chest, and exquisitely set Chippendale dining room table and significant pieces crafted in nearby Charleston. The interior features man of the original floors and moldings. The home has been residence to three of Georgetown's mayors, including John Keith and Harold Kaminski. You are invited to picnic on our beautiful lawn, enjoy the observation deck and explore the shops and parks in Georgetown's Historic District. Tours: Mon.-Sat. 10:00 - 4:00, Sunday 1:00 - 4:00 • Adults $4.00 Ages 6-12 $2.00, 5 and under free For more Information call: 843-546-7706. 1003 Front Street, P.O. Drawer 939, Georgetown, SC 29442

The Witch of Pawleys Island

emma marie's antique shoppe Locally Owned & Operated Proudly Serving You For 10 Years Looking for the old, the unusual and the unique? Look to EMMA MARIE'S ANTIQUE SHOPPE to show you the really unusual values in the oldest and most unique antique merchandise. This well-known dealer features everything in the amazing world of antiques and other valuables and collectable items. Located at 1103 Front St. in Georgetown, phone 843-5458030, this quality-conscious firm maintains a great stock of valuables from many periods of history. From art objects to furniture... from crystal to primitives...this shop has it all! EMMA MARIE'S ANTIQUE SHOPPE has been found to be the most accommodating of shops. The writers of this 2009 Historical Review urge you to get to know these friendly, knowledgeable antique dealers...personally! EMMA MARIE'S ANTIQUE SHOPPE thanks their customers for their business and support, and wishes all a safe and happy Thanksgiving and holiday season!

Retelling of local folklore by McDonald Elementary School Students One of the ghost stories in Georgetown is about a so-called "witch" who lived in Pawleys Island. Long, ago, there lived a beautiful, young, happy, and really friendly widow. She lived in a very big, nice, oceanfront house with plenty of servants and maids. As a young girl, she would roam the island searching for herbs and spices. She used the herbs and spices that she collected for cooking recipes and home remedies. Everybody was so shocked to find that the girl had a love for all sorts of whiskey. It completely took over her life. She soon had to give up her beautiful home. She had to move in an ugly, torn down shack down at the south end of Pawleys Island. Everyone who saw her was shocked and sometimes frightened by her appearance. She had dyed her old and torn dress black, to hide how ugly and aged it looked. She wore a large black hat that cast a shadow over her face. Anyone who was brave or curious enough to attract her attention received a great shock. The old widow would raise her head and look them full in the eye, mesmerizing them before she let loose a high and earsplitting cackle. Stories about the strange and evil-looking widow began to spread across the island, on the mainland, and even all the way to Georgetown. A young man who was lovesick and very shy found out about the widow. He was eager to win the affections of a young woman who lived in Pawleys Island. Very early one morning, he set out to find the old woman. He reached his hand to knock. The door jerked open. Just as the rumors said, she threw back her head in a shrieking laugh. But in a shaky voice, he managed to say, "I need a love potion." She told him that if he would bring her a bottle of whiskey, she would make a potion for him. He brought her the whiskey, and she had the potion ready for him. She took the whiskey from him and made him drink half of the potion. She told him to give the other half of it to the girl. The young man was so excited. He gave the other half of the potion to the girl, and it had an immediate affect. Before long they were engaged to be married. Much to the young man’s surprise he soon found that he could not stand the sight of the girl. The young man broke the engagement, but the girl continued to follow him everywhere. He found that the only way to get rid of her was to leave town. When the girl found out that he had left she drowned herself in the ocean. After that happened, the widow was often seen digging up something in her yard, but no one knew what. After the old widow’s death, her shadow could still be seen on the side of her house. The shadow looked like it was digging. On a very still night, or when the wind is blowing from the west, one may even hear the high, eerie, blood-chilling, cackling laugh of the old widow woman. The north causeway leading to Pawleys Island begins approximately 10 miles north of Georgetown on U.S. 17.

BROWN’S HEATING & AIR CONDITIONING Winter is upon us. It’s time to make sure that your heating system is up to the challenge of the cold temperatures ahead of us. We never miss the comforts of our home until it is 30º outside and our heat is off. That is when a firm in our area really shines. BROWN’S HEATING & AIR CONDITIONING has set up their business to give service when service is needed. Located at 902 South Morgan Ave. in Andrews, phone 843-264-5483, BROWN’S HEATING & AIR CONDITIONING has proven they are equipped for the long term rather than for quick profits and they are interested in future business as well as today’s. They are capable of getting to you when you need them. Their aim is to give their customers the highest quality heating and cooling products and services at the lowest possible prices. For the absolute best in heating and air conditioning service throughout Georgetown County, we, the writers, are pleased to list BROWN’S HEATING & AIR CONDITIONING for all of our readers. BROWN’S HEATING & AIR CONDITIONING thanks their customers for past business and support, and looks forward to keeping you WARM this season!

PAGE 22

GEORGETOWN COUNTY AREA

PRINCE GEORGE PARISH, WINYAH The Church of Prince George, Winyah is over 250 years old, and has historical meaning for South Carolinians as well as religious significance. The parish, from which the Church takes its name, was organized in 1721 from a part of a former parish, Saint James, Santee, that had been laid out in 1706. The first church in the new parish, named for the prince who later became King George II of England, was a small frame structure, built about 1726 at Brown’s Ferry on Black River. Some eight years later Prince Frederick's Parish was formed and the Brown's Ferry Church was taken over by this organization, another structure being planned for Georgetown. This was the beginning of the present building that was finally completed in the early 1750s, although during the War Between the States it was desecrated by invading enemy forces. The gallery, now the organ and choir loft, was added about 1808, and the tower in 1824. In May, 1984, at a special service, a plaque was erected in the Church commemorating the 250th anniversary of the Parish of Prince George, Winyah, in this structure. The plaque lists the names of the Commissioners for the building in 1734: Major George Pawley, Daniel LaRoche, and Elias Horry, Sr. The stained glass window, or reredos, back of the Altar is English stained glass, originally in Saint Mary's Chapel for Negroes at Hagley Plantation on the Waccamaw. The Chapel had been built by C.J. Plowden Weston for his slaves. After the War Between The States, the Chapel was destroyed by marauding Negroes, and the window given to Prince George, Winyah, by the estate of C.I. Plowden Weston. The box pews in the Church were customary in colonial churches. Since there was no heating system available, pew owners frequently brought charcoal burners to their pews in cold weather. The box pews retained the heat. Colonial churches did not have stained glass windows. The two in the church, aside from the reredos, were installed at a period in history when the Church was trying to become more Victorian. There are still four of the original clear windows, with the original panes of glass. The marble Baptismal font was removed during the War Between the States and later found in a Negro cabin, where it was being used for pounding rice. It was restored to the Church in 1866. This Church has been used continuously for worship since 1754.

THE HISTORY OF GEORGETOWN Georgetown, South Carolina occupies a unique place in American history. In fact, some say that American history began here in 1526 with the earliest settlement in North America by Europeans. It was the Spanish under Lucas Vasquez de Allyon who founded a colony on Waccamaw Neck. These colonists stayed only a short time and thus lost for Spain a real opportunity in the New World. After the settlement of Charles Town in 1670 by the English, trade was established with the Indians and the trading posts in the outlying areas became settlements. By 1721, the parish, Prince George, Winyah, on the Black River was created. In 1734, Prince George, Winyah, was divided with Prince Frederick parish church remaining on the Black River and Prince George, Winyah, encompassing the new town, Georgetown, on the Sampit River. Elisha Screven had laid the plan for Georgetown in 1729 and began selling lots. Today the historic district comprises the area of the original town plan. The street names are the same, and many of the houses are original to the site. The Indian trade declined soon after Georgetown was established and indigo became the cash crop. Profits were so great between 1735-1775 that the Winyah Indigo Society, whose members paid dues in indigo, was able to open and maintain the first public school in 1757. When the American Revolution came, Georgetown played a real part sending Thomas Lynch, Jr. to sign the Declaration of Independence and receiving the Mauquis de Lafayette to our shores from France to help our cause against England. Georgetown was the important port for supplying General Nathanel Green's army after Charles Town fell in 1780. Francis Marion led many guerrilla actions in the vicinity. Following the American Revolution, rice became the staple crop. Rice required the low land along the rivers for cultivation, and thus the rice plantations were established around Georgetown on its five rivers. By 1840, the Georgetown District (County) produced nearly one-half of the total rice crop of the United States. This wealth produced an aristocratic way of life featuring lovely homes, elegant furniture and gracious hospitality that lasted until 1860. This area's history has been shared by many prominent people. George Washington visited Clifton Plantation and addressed the townspeople in 1791. President James Monroe was entertained in 1821 at Prospect Hill (now Arcadia), on the Waccamaw with a real red carpet rolled out to the river. Theodosia Burr made her home at Brookgreen after her marriage to Joseph Alston in 1801, and departed from Georgetown on her ill-fated voyage. Brookgreen was also the home of one of America's most famous painters, Washington Alston. Joel R. Poinsett lived at White House Plantation on the Black River after retiring from government service, and entertained President Martin Van Buren there. President Grover Cleveland, as guest of the Annandale Gun Club, came for duck hunting and was feted by the citizens in 1894. Bernard Baruch, America's elder statesman, entertained many notables at Hobcaw Barony, his home for years. Among those were President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, Mark Clark, and Omar Bradley. Today in the Historic District of Georgetown, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, are listed more than 50 antebellum houses, buildings and sites. Several of these town continued on page 23

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AN ABSTRACT HISTORY OF BETHEL A.M.E. CHURCH AND FOUNDER Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church, the first black church in Georgetown, South Carolina, was founded and organized in 1865, two years after the declaration of the Emancipation Proclamation, which was supposed to have freed the Negro. Thus, a group of ambitious progressive and independent minded black people organized themselves, and decided that they wanted to have a place of their own to worship God, a place where they could express their feelings as the Holy Spirit of God moved upon the altar of their hearts. These men were propelled and powered by the Holy Ghost. The Reverend Augustus T. Carr, the first pastor; the first trustees, John Davis, J.A. Shackleford, Henry McD. Hale, James Murrell and Adam Dunmore. A jail once occupied the plot on which the church is now located. The first Presiding Bishop, Daniel Alexander Payne, was elected Bishop in 1852 under his leadership. The South Carolina conference was organized May 15, 1865. During the first decade, Bethel was a very progressive church. Georgetown population was 80 or 90% black. The blacks were very skilled. Of course, some were scavengers, and some were elected City Officials, such as Joseph H. Rainey, the first black elected Legislator in South Carolina. Bruce Williams was the first black from Bethel Church in Georgetown to be elected Senator. The blacks in Georgetown were among the best livers in the state of South Carolina. Richard Allen, founder of the African Methodist Episcopal Church, was born February 14, 1760, a slave of Benjamin Chew of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Richard Allen, his father, mother, four sisters and brothers were sold to a Delaware slave master to pay off an indebtedness of his farm. Allen saw himself poor, wretched, undone, an outcast from society and without mercy from God. He cried out to God, and God heard his prayer. His dungeon shook, the chains fell off his hands, his soul was happy, and he went on rejoicing and telling others about the new spiritual freedom he had received through the mercy of God. One Sunday morning, they went to church. The church that they helped to build and paid for. First, they were denied the seats in which they formerly sat in during the services. Then Richard Allen, Absalom Jones and William White kneeled to pray, and one of the white trustees came over to them and said, “You can't pray in here, you must get up.” Allen asked to let them finish the prayer. The trustee answered, “No, you must get up now!” And he called for help to remove them by force, and on that day in 1787, Richard Allen, followed by a group of blacks walked out of St. George Methodist Church in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania never to return. This incident had great religious and social implications and started the first protest in America. This was the road to the future land of human dignity and respectability. All they wanted was to have a prayer. Allen said, “If you let me finish, we will trouble you continued above

no more.” The African Methodist Church is not a racist or segregationist church. We live by our motto: God our Father, Christ our Redeemer, Man our Brother. We accept the necessity of water Baptism, but we strongly believe in the Baptism of the Holy Ghost and fire which is a must if one is to have eternal life. The name African was added to the Methodist Church to distinguish between the two Methodist Churches, the white Methodist and black Methodist. Yes, we are proud of the rich heritage and legacy that the four Horsemen left us, of the African Methodist Episcopal Church. We hold them in high esteem: Richard Allen, William Paul Quinn, Daniel Alexander Payne, and Henry McNeal Turner—the four Horsemen, founders and liberators of the church. We make a loud noise about them. But when the doors of the African Methodist Church open for worship, it's “Praise God From Whom All Blessings Flow.” It's the atoning blood of Jesus Christ that saves, “Nothing But The Blood of Jesus.” God is a spirit and must be worshiped in Truth and Spirit. St. John 4:24 By Pastor James Glisson HISTORY OF GEORGETOWN - continued from page 22

houses are included on the tour. AIthough some of the plantation homes are gone, many remain to give the area a real flavor of yesteryear. A number of these plantations, homes, and outbuildings are also listed on the National Register of Historic Places. These attractions and many more make Georgetown a veritable treasure trove of history and charm. Patricia D. Doyle

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PAWLEYS ISLAND

PAGE 24

MARION COUNTY AREA

South Carolina Symbols STATE BIRD

STATE ANIMAL

STATE FLAG CAROLINA WREN

WHITETAIL DEER

STATE FLOWER

STATE TREE

YELLOW JESSAMINE

STATE SEAL

STATE GAME BIRD

WILD TURKEY

PALMETTO

STATE FISH

"While I Breath Hope"

STRIPED BASS

THANKSGIVING Late in December of 1620, over one hundred Pilgrims arrived in the new world of America. After more than a month of searching for a place to settle, they finally sailed into Plymouth Harbor. Here they were blessed with great fortune. Because what they discovered was a deserted Indian village - a whole settlement recently wiped out by a terrible epidemic. Consequently, they inherited acres of already cleared fields, ready for planting. The entire village had been devastated except for one lone survivor - a Pawtucket Indian named Squanto. It happened that some years before, Squanto had been kidnapped by an English sea captain and sold into slavery in Spain. He eventually escaped and made his way back to America. But upon his return, he discovered the terrible scene described above. And so when the Pilgrims arrived, Squanto became their great friend. Half of the Pilgrims took sick and died that first winter, and historians agree that if it hadn't been for Squanto and some of the neighboring tribes - it is doubtful if the Pilgrims would have made it at all. Squanto taught the Pilgrims how to make effective use of the New World's great natural resources - from the sea to the soil. He showed them how to fish and pilot their boats. He brought them seeds of native plants - pumpkin, squash, beans and Indian corn - and showed them how to plant and nurture these crops in the cleared fields. He even showed them how to hunt wild turkey. William Bradford, the famous Pilgrim leader, wrote a glowing tribute to this great Native American friend: "Squanto continued with the (the pilgrims) and was their interpreter, and was a special instrument sent of God for their good beyond their expectation. He directed them how to set their corn, where to take fish and to procure other commodities, and was also their pilot to brink them to unknown places for their profit, and never left them till he died." And so it was that in the autumn of 1621, the Pilgrims were able to celebrate their first year in the New World. Nearly 100 Indians and more than 30 settlers came together for three days of feasting, recreation and thanksgiving. And so Thanksgiving Day was born.

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Manager - Sherrie Carlisle Need new clothing? How about a complete stereo system? Toys? Auto Parts? Houseware? Furniture? If you want to find all of these items in one convenient location, you’d better go to walmart SUPErCENtEr at 305 Commerce Dr. in mullins, phone 843-423-9444, where the selection is COMPLETE! As one of the leading department stores in this region, this is one merchant who knows what the word, COMPLETE, means! From furniture to foundations . . . from televisions to toys . . . from shoes to sporting goods . . . this is the place where they carry nearly everything! Name brands? You bet! walmart SUPErCENtEr features name brands exclusively! They feel that the customer deserves to know what he’s getting for his money. Your dollar “lasts” longer when you shop where quality is featured! The editors of this 2009 Historical Review would like to make prominent mention of this quality-conscious store! Sherrie and all the associates at walmart SUPErCENtEr thank their customers for past business and support, and look forward to serving you in the future.