Dangol A. R._2008 Comparative Study Of Depression Among Early And Late Female Adolescents (presentation)

Comparative study of Depression among Early and Late Female Adolescents By Abindra Raj Dangol Symbol No 370002

Overview 

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Introduction Background Literature Review Research Objective Hypothesis Methodology Participation and Procedures Data Collection Tool Results Result Table Conclusion

INTRODUCTION

Background 

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Depression Affects at least 10% of the population (21.3% female and 12.7% male). Symptoms - feeling sad or empty, markedly diminished interest or pleasure in activities, weight gain or loss, insomnia or hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness, diminished ability to think or concentrate, and recurrent thoughts of death (American Psychological Association, 2000). Causes - genetics (heredity), environment (family and social environment), stressful life events (such as the death of a loved one, a divorce). Female Adolescent Early adolescent- 6.0% Late adolescent- 5.2% (2004)

Literature Review 

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Adolescent depression has been under diagnosed, leading to serious difficulties in school, work and personal adjustment, which also continue into adulthood (Brage, 1995). Poor peer relationships also are associated with adolescent depression (Kistner, 2006). Not having a close relationship with a best friend, having less contact with friends, and peer rejection increase depressive tendencies in adolescents (Vernberg, 1990). Few research studies have examined the relationship between adolescent depression and academic performance. Studies that have examined this relationship have found adolescents with higher depressive symptoms have lower grades (Field et al, 2001) Field and colleagues (2001) studied 79 high school seniors and found that depressed adolescents reported spending less time on homework and having lower grade point average compared to non- depressed adolescents.

Research Objective   

To find the level of depression of early female adolescents To find the level of depression of late female adolescents To compare the depression among early and late female adolescents

Hypothesis 

Early female adolescents are more likely to have depression than late female adolescents

METHODOLOGY

Participation and Procedure Sampling- random Area- ward 12 Kathmandu Sample- 30 (15 early female adolescents and 15 late female adolescent) Scale: BDI (Nepali version)

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Data Collection Tool 

Created- Dr. Aaron T. Beck (English Version). Validation in NepaliConsists- 21 items, Sadness, Pessimism, Past failure, Loss of pleasure, Guilty feelings, Punishment feelings, Self dislike, Self criticalness, Suicidal thoughts or wishes etc..

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Cut-off value- 16/17

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RESULTS

Result table Table 1: Means and Standard Deviations for Early and Late Female Adolescents. Stage

Mean score Standard deviation

Early female adolescents 10.7

12.51

Late female adolescents

4.40

Mean score

15.6

Early F. Adolescent LateF. Adolescent 10.7

15.6

CONCLUSION

Conclusion   

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The level of depression of early female adolescent is 10.7. The level of depression of late female adolescent is 15.6 The S.D of early female adolescent is high i.e. 12.51, this shows that the individual scores are highly deviated with the mean score. The level of depression of early and late female adolescent are 10.7 and 15.6 which is less than cut-off value 16/17 therefore early female adolescents have lower level of depression and late female adolescents have average level of depression. Therefore the hypothesis is ignored. Future studies should involve larger, more representative samples.

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