Cs Token Ring Management

TOKEN RING MANAGEMENT. Technical Seminar Report On

Technical Seminar

“Token Ring Management”

under the guidance of Mr. R.K. Shial submitted by

PULIN PRAKASH Presented by : Pulin Prakash

CS200118039 CS200118039

TOKEN RING MANAGEMENT.

INTRODUCTION

Technical Seminar

• Networks move a small frame, called a token, around the network, which grants the right to transmit data. • Developed by IBM in 1970 and is standardized to IEEE 802.5.IBM. • It uses a star topology, it is wired so the signal will travel from hub to hub in a logical ring. • It uses UTP, STP, or fiber optic cable.

Presented by : Pulin Prakash

CS200118039

TOKEN RING MANAGEMENT.

TOKEN RING OPERATION

Technical Seminar

• Networks use token passing protocol. • The information frame circulates the token until it reaches the intended destination station. • The information frame continues to circle the token. • The sending station checks the returning frame.

Presented by : Pulin Prakash

CS200118039

TOKEN RING MANAGEMENT.

Technical Seminar

TOKEN RING OPERATION

Basic operation of a Token Ring Presented by : Pulin Prakash

CS200118039

TOKEN RING MANAGEMENT.

Technical Seminar

TOKEN RING SELF MAINTENANCE • The machine with the highest MAC address in the network becomes the Active Monitor all other machines become Standby Monitors. • The Active Monitor performs Ring Polling every seven seconds. • The Active Monitor performs a number of ring administration functions.

Presented by : Pulin Prakash

CS200118039

TOKEN RING MANAGEMENT.

CABLES USED IN TOKEN RING

Technical Seminar

• UTP or STP cabling is used as a media for token ring networks. • Token Ring uses an IBM cabling system based on American Wire Gauge standards. • Token ring networks normally use Type 1, type 3 or regular UTP.

Presented by : Pulin Prakash

CS200118039

TOKEN RING MANAGEMENT.

Technical Seminar

TOKEN RING OPERATION USING A HUB • Token Ring hub changes the topology from a physical ring to a star wired ring. • The hub automatically bypasses disconnected or have a cabling fault. •

any

ports

that

are

A token ring network uses a Multistation Access Unit also known as a Smart Multistation Access Unit, as a hub.

Presented by : Pulin Prakash

CS200118039

TOKEN RING MANAGEMENT. TOKEN RING/IEEE 802.5

Technical Seminar

• IEEE 802.5 specification is almost identical to IBM's Token Ring network. • IEEE 802.5 Token Ring and networks are basically compatible. • IEEE 802.5 does not specify a topology. • IEEE 802.5 does not specify media type and routing information field size. Presented by : Pulin Prakash

CS200118039

TOKEN RING MANAGEMENT.

BEACONING

Technical Seminar

• In every seven seconds the Active Monitor sends a frame to its nearest active downstream neighbor. • When the packet has traveled around the ring, all stations know the address of their upstream neighbor and the active monitor knows the state of the network. • This packet will cause all computers to check their configuration. • The ring can thereby route around the problem area giving some fault tolerance to the network. Presented by : Pulin Prakash

CS200118039

TOKEN RING MANAGEMENT.

Technical Seminar

PRIORITY SYSTEM • Token Ring frames have two fields that control priority: • Priority field. • Reservation field. • Only stations with a priority equal to or higher than the priority value contained in a token can seize that token. • Access priority of a token or frame is determined by the values of the first three bits of the access control field.

Presented by : Pulin Prakash

CS200118039

TOKEN RING MANAGEMENT.

FAULT-MANAGEMENT MECHANISMS

Technical Seminar

• Token Ring networks employ several mechanisms for detecting and compensating for network faults. • The Active Monitor acts as a centralized source of timing information for other standby Monitors and performs a variety of ring maintenance functions such as, the removal of continuously circulating frames from the ring. • A Token Ring algorithm called beaconing detects and repairs certain network faults. Presented by : Pulin Prakash

CS200118039

TOKEN RING MANAGEMENT.

Technical Seminar

FRAME FORMAT • Token Ring and IEEE 802.5 support two basic frame types: • Tokens frames. • Data/command frames. • There are three token frame fields. • Data/command frames have the same three fields as token frames, plus several others.

Presented by : Pulin Prakash

CS200118039

TOKEN RING MANAGEMENT.

Technical Seminar

TOKEN PASSING PROTOCOL AND TOKEN CLAIMING • Token passing ring LAN protocols define the length of a token to be 24 bits and the shortest possible MAC frame to be 200 bits in length. • The process of capturing and releasing a token is called single token protocols since only one token can exist on the ring at any give time. • Token claiming process also known as monitor contention process is the method used in determining the active monitor on the LAN. Presented by : Pulin Prakash

CS200118039

TOKEN RING MANAGEMENT.

Technical Seminar

TOKEN RING ERRORS • Types of Token Ring errors are : • Frame-Copied Error • ARI/FCI Error • Lost Frame • Receiver Congestion • Token Error • Line Error • Burst Error • Beacon Error • Frequency Error

Presented by : Pulin Prakash

CS200118039

TOKEN RING MANAGEMENT.

CONCLUSION

Technical Seminar

• The token ring network have various priority schemes and performs self maintenance and troubleshooting. • It is ideal for applications that require predictability and robustness, such as factory automation.

Presented by : Pulin Prakash

CS200118039

Technical Seminar

TOKEN RING MANAGEMENT.

Thank you!!! Presented by : Pulin Prakash

CS200118039