Crime And Punishment Revision Booklet

CRIME PUNISHMENT AND PROTEST THROUGH TIME GCSE SCHOOLS HISTORY PROJECT REVISION GUIDE NAME: ________________________________________ You will need to tackle the following sections. Section Section Section Section Section Section Section Section

1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8:

Section 9: Section 10: Section 11:

1a 2a 3a 4a 5a 6a 7a 8a

       

9a 10a 11a

( ( (

1b 2b 3b 4b 5b 6b

     

1c 2c

 

4c 5c 6c

  

8b



8c

(

11b

(

11c

(

1d



5d 6d

 

-1-

EARLY MODERN PERIOD 1450 – 1750 Section 1a 1. Punishment?

2.

Section 1b

Section 1

How do changes in Society cause changes in Crime and 1.

……………………………………………………………………………

2.

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3.

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4.

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What changes affected Crime and Punishment during this period? Try to find at least six 1. …………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………… 2. …………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………… 3.

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4.

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5.

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6.

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Crimes against Authority (the government) Pilgrimage of Grace 1. When did this take place? ……………………………………… …… 2. What were they protesting about? …………………………… ……... …………………………………………………………………………… 3. What had Henry VIII done to make things worse? …………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………

-24.

What did the Pilgrimage hope to achieve? 1. ……………………………………………………………………… ……………….. ……………………………………………………………………… ……………….. 2. ……………………………………………………………………… ……………….. ……………………………………………………………………… ……………….. 3. ……………………………………………………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………………………………… ………………….. 4. ……………………………………………………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………………………………… ………………….. 5. ……………………………………………………………………… ……………….. .………………………………………………………………… …………………….

5. What did the government do? …………………………………………………………………………… ……………..… …………………………………………………………………………… ……………..… 6. Why did it act so harshly? 1. …………………………………………………………………… ………………….. ……………………………………………………………………… ……………….. 2. …………………………………………………………………… ………………….. ……………………………………………………………………… ……………….. 3. …………………………………………………………………… ………………….. …………………………………………………………………… ………………….. 4. …………………………………………………………………… ………………….. ……………………………………………………………………… ………………..

-3Section 1c

Kett’s Rebellion 1.

When did it take place? …………………………………………… …………….

2.

Who was the King on the throne at the time? ……………… ………….. …………………………………………………………………………… ……………….

3.

Why were they protesting? 1. …………………………………………………………………… ………………….. ……………………………………………………………………… ……………….. 2. …………………………………………………………………… ………………….. …………………………………………………………………… …………………..

4.

What happened (an overview of the main events) …………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… …..

5.

Why did the government react so harshly? 1. …………………………………………………………………… ………………….. ……………………………………………………………………… ……………….. 2. …………………………………………………………………… ………………….. ……………………………………………………………………… ……………….. 3. …………………………………………………………………… ………………….. …………………………………………………………………… …………………..

Section 1d

Gunpowder Plot 1.

Who was Robert Catesby? ………………………………………

2.

What was Guido Fawkes’ job? ……………………………………

…………….. ………….. …………………………………………………………………………… ……………... 3.

What part did Lord Monteagle play in stopping the plot?

-4…………………………………………………………………………… …………….. …………………………………………………………………………… …………….. 4.

What did Robert Cecil do? ……………………………………… ………….. …………………………………………………………………………… ……………..

5.

What did the Government do? ………………………………… …………… …………………………………………………………………………… …………….. …………………………………………………………………………… …………….. …………………………………………………………………………… ……………..

6.

Why were the Plotters dealt with so harshly? ……………… …………. …………………………………………………………………………… …………….. …………………………………………………………………………… …………….. …………………………………………………………………………… ……………..

-5NEW CRIMES 1450 – 1750 Section 2a

SECTION 2

VAGRANCY 1.

Why were there more poor people at this time? ………… …………… …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. …………………………………………………………………………… ……………….

2.

Why were vagabonds treated as criminals? 1.

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……………….. …………………………………………………………………… ……………….. 2.

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……………….. …………………………………………………………………… ……………….. 3.

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……………….. …………………………………………………………………… ……………….. 3.

Were vagabonds really a threat? 1.

……………………………………………………………………

……………….. …………………………………………………………………… ……………….. 2.

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……………….. …………………………………………………………………… ……………….. 3.

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……………….. …………………………………………………………………… ………………… Section 2b

Witchcraft 1.

Why did witchcraft become a crime?

1.

………………………………………………….………………………

……………….. …………………………………………….…………………………… ………………..

-62.

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……………….. ………………………………….……………………………………… ……………….. 3.

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……………….. ……………………….………………………………………………… ………………… Section 2c

New Crimes: 1.

Poaching

What is a Social Crime? …………………………………………… …………… …………………………………………………………………………… …………….. …………………………………………………………………………… ……………..

-72.

Is poaching a Social Crime? Arguments for: ………………

1. ………………………………………

…………………………………………….…………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………………………………………… …………….. 2. ……………………………………… ……………… …………………………………………………………………………… …………….. …………………………………………….…………………………… ……………….. Arguments against: ………………

1. ………………………………………

…………………………………………….…………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………….…………………………… ……………….. 2. .…….………………………………… …………… …………………………………………….…………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………….…………………………… ……………….. Section 2c

Smuggling 1.

How did the government make smuggling worse? ……………………………………………………………………………

………………. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. 2.

Is smuggling a social crime? Arguments for:

1.

………………………………………

……….. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. 2.

………………………………………

……….. …………………………………………………………………………… ……………….

-8…………………………………………………………………………… ………………. 3.

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……….. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. Arguments against: 1.

………………………………………

………… …………………………………………………………………………… …………….. …………………………………………………………………………… …………….. 2.

……….…………………………

…………… …………………………………………………………………………… …………….. …………………………………………………………………………… …………….. 3.

………………………………………

………. …………………………………………………………………………… …………….. …………………………………………………………………………… …………….. NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR OLD CRIMES Section 3a

SECTION 3

HIGHWAY ROBBERY 1.

What is a Highwayman? …………………………………………

………….. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. 2.

Why did Highway Robbery increase? 1.

…………………………………………………………………… ………………. …………………………………………………………………… ………………. …………………………………………………………………… ……………….

2.

…………………………………………………………………… ………………. …………………………………………………………………… ……………….

-9…………………………………………………………………… ………………. 3.

…………………………………………………………………… ………………. …………………………………………………………………… ………………. …………………………………………………………………… ……………….

3. How true is the popular image of a highwayman – were they true ‘gentlemen’ of the road? Arguments for: ………………

1. ………………………………………

…………………………………………….…………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………………………………………… …………….. 2. ……………………………………… ……………… …………………………………………………………………………… …………….. …………………………………………….…………………………… ……………….. Arguments against: ………………

1. ………………………………………

…………………………………………….…………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………….…………………………… ……………….. 2. .…….………………………………… …………… …………………………………………….…………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………….…………………………… ……………….. 3. ……………………………………… …………… …………………………………………………………………………… ……………… …………………………………………………………………………… …………….. Section 3b

JONATHAN WILD 1.

What did he do?

………………………………………………

……………….. …………………………………………………………………………… ……………..

- 10 …………………………………………………………………………… …………….. …………………………………………………………………………… ……………..

2.

Was he a ‘thief-taker’ or a ‘gangster’? Arguments for thief-taker: 1. ……………………………………………………………………… ……………….. ……………………………………………………………………… ……………….. 2. ……………………………………………………………………… ……………….. ……………………………………………………………………… ……………….. Arguments for gangster: 1. …………………………………………………………………… ………………….. ……………………………………………………………………… ……………….. 2. …………………………………………………………………… ………………….. …………………………………………………………………… …………………..

PUNISHMENT 1450 – 1750 Section 4a today?

1.

Section 4

Which punishment that existed in this period still exists ……………………………………………………………………………

………………. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. 2.

Which punishments do not exist today? ……………………………………………………………………………

………………. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. 3.

Why did punishments become so harsh? 1. …………………………………………………………………… …………………..

- 11 ……………………………………………………………………… ……………….. 2. …………………………………………………………………… ………………….. ……………………………………………………………………… ……………….. 3. ……………………………………………………………………… ……………….. ……………………………………………………………………… ………………..

- 12 Section 4b

Complete the table below Changes

1485 – 1750

Stayed the same

Problems with the medieval systems of law enforcement were:1.

…………………………..………………………………………………

……………….. ………………………..………………………………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. 2.

………..……………………………………………………………

…………………….. ………………..………………………………………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. 3.

………..…………………………………………………………………

……………….. ………………………………….……………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. New methods of law enforcement were:1.

…………………………..………………………………………………

……………….. ………………………..………………………………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. 2.

………..…………………………………………………………………

……………….. ………………..………………………………………………………… ………………..

- 13 …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. 3.

………..…………………………………………………………………

……………….. ………………………………….……………………………………… ………………… ………………. ……………………..

…………………………………………………………………………… 4. ………..…………………………………………………………… ………………..…………………………………………………………

……………….. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. 5.

………..…………………………………………………………………

……………….. ………………………………….……………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. of law

However, these did not always work, why? For each method enforcement above say why it did not always work very well:1.

…………………………..………………………………………………

……………….. ………………………..………………………………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. 2.

………..…………………………………………………………………

……………….. ………………..………………………………………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. 3.

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…………………………………………………………………………… 4. ………..…………………………………………………………… ………………..…………………………………………………………

……………….. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. 5. ………………..

………..…………………………………………………………………

- 14 ………………………………….……………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………… ………………. Section 4c

Government Attitudes 1. Why were many of the laws passed at this time designed to help protect the rich? …………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………………………………………… ……………….. 2. Why were punishments so harsh? 1. ...…………………………..……………………………………… ……………… ………………..……………………………………………………

……………… …………………………………………………………………… ……………….. 2.

...……………………………………………………………………

…………….. …………………………………………………………………… ……………….. .…………………………………………………………………… ………………. 3. Did more executions take place because of the Bloody Code? 1. ...…………………………..……………………………………… ……………… ………………..…………………………………………………… ……………… 2.

...……………………………………………………………………

…………….. ..…………………………………………………………………… …………….. 3. …………………………………………………………………… …………….. . ..…………………………………………………………………… ……………..

INDUSTRIAL BRITAIN 1750 – 1900 Changes in Society

Section 5

- 15 Complete the following spider diagram FACTORS THAT BROUGHT ABOUT CHANGES IN CRIMES AND PUNISHMENTS BETWEEN 1750 – 1900 The French Revolution Britain’s

1. ……………………………

……. Agricultural Revolution

Wealth

……………………………

……. 1. ………………………………….. …….

2. ……………………………

…………………………………..

……………………………

……. 2.

………………………………….. …………………………………..

Industrial Revolution

3. ………………………………….. ……..

Crimes and

1. ……………………………

…………………………………..

Punishment

……………………………

…….. 2. …………………………… …….. …………………………… …….. Poor Law Amendment ………..

3.…………………………

Act

Education

……………………………

…….. .………………………………

1.

………………………………. Trades Unions/ ………………………………. Workers Rights

…………………………… …………………………..

2.

………………………………. 1. ………………………….

………………………….. …………………………..

3. …………………………..

……………………

…………………………..

2..…………………

……. ……… …………………… ……. 3.

……………………

……. …………………… ……. 4. …….

……………………

- 16 …………………… …….

- 17 CRIMES AGAINST AUTHORITY Complete the table below Reasons for Protest Section 5b

Luddites

Section 5c

Peterloo Massacre

Section 5d

Swing Riots

Protestors Actions

Government Action

- 18 Reasons for Protest Section 5e

Tolpuddle Martyrs

Section 5f

The Chartists

Section 5g

Rebecca Riots

Protestors Actions

Government Action

- 19 Section 5h put in

Why did most protest movements fail? In the following boxes the right reasons.

Section 5j

ORGANISATION

VIOLENCE

TROOPS & POLICE

GOVERNMENT

A SUCCESSFUL PROTEST London Dock Strike – 1889 What did the dockers want?

2.

What did they do?

Why were the dockers successful?

Government Action

- 20 CRIME 1750 – 1900

Section 6

CAUSES Section 6a Below are 10 causes of crime. Draw lines and write in the numbers of these boxes that are linked. A couple of examples have been done. NOT ALL BOXES LINK. CAN YOU THINK OF ANY MORE?

1. Increased population links to …… …. 4

10. The role of the media links to ……. 9. Crackdown on crime links to ………. 8, 7. 7 New Laws links 8. New Crimes to …….. 8, links to 9 ………. 9, 7

2. End of Napoleonic Wars links to …………

CRIME

3. CITY LIFE links to ……………

4. Increased trade and industry links to …….. 1

5. Poverty and unemployment links to ……. Drink links to …………

Section 6b CHANGES IN PUNISHMENTS 1.

Why did the bloody code come to an end? 1. ………………………………………………………………………………… …………………. ………………………………………………………………………………… …………………. 2. ………………………………………………………………………………… …………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………… …………..………. 3. ………………………………………………………………………………… …………………. ………………………………………………………………………………… …………………. 4. ………………………………………………………………………………… …………………. ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………….

- 21 5.

………………………………………………………………………………… …………………. ………………………………………………………………………………… …………………. 6. ………………………………………………………………………………… …………………. .………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 7. ………………………………………………………………………………… …………………. ………………………………………………………………………………… …………………. Section 6c TRANSPORTATION 1.

What was transportation?………………………………………………

………….. ………………………………………………………………………………… …………………. 2. Why was it introduced? ……………………………………………… ………….. ………………………………………………………………………………… …………………. 3. Transportation Good Points

4.

Bad Points

Why was transportation ended? 1. …………………………………………………………………………… …………………. …………………………………………………………………………… …………………. 2. ……………………………………………………………………………

…………………. …………………………………………………………………………… …………………. 3. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………….

- 22 …………………………………………………………………………… …………………. 5. When did it end? ……………………………………………………… ……………. ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………….

Section 6d

PRISONS 1.

What were prisons like in the 18th and early 19th century? ………………………………………………………………………………… …………………. ………………………………………………………………………………… …………………. ………………………………………………………………………………… …………………. ………………………………………………………………………………… …………………. ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………….

- 23 2.

Complete the table below:

Elizabeth Fry

John Howard

Born Died MAIN ACHIEVEMENTS

3.

What changes were made to Prisons by Sir Robert Peel? 1.

2.

3.

……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………

4.

What happened in: 1835 ……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………… 1839 ……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………… 1842 ……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………… 1857 ……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………… 1864 ……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………… 1878 ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………

- 24 You must know at least three of these dates and what happened. 4.

Complete the following:

WHY DID PRISONS CHANGE?

8.

What is: a)

The Separate System?

………………………………………………

b)

The Silent System?

………………………………………………

…………..

………….. 9.

Complete the following:

Good Points Separate System

Silent System

Bad Points

- 25 -

- 26 THE DEVELOPMENTS IN LAW ENFORCEMENT

Section 7

Section 7a 1. What early efforts were made to improve law enforcement by The Fieldings? Henry …………………………………………………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………………………………… ……………….. John …………………………………………………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………………………………… ……………….. 2. Why was a professional Police Force needed? 1. …………………………………………………………………………… …………………. …………………………………………………………………………… …………………. 2. …………………………………………………………………………… …………………. …………………………………………………………………………… …………………. 3. …………………………………………………………………………… …………………. …………………………………………………………………………… …………………. 4. …………………………………………………………………………… ……………….… ……………………………………………… ………………………………………………. 5. …………………………………………………………………………… …………………. …………………………………………………………………………… …………………. 3. Why did some people oppose the setting up of a Police force? …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………

- 27 …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………

CRIMES IN THE 20TH CENTURY

Section 8

Section 8a 1. What 3 factors have influenced the crime rate? 1. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 2. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………… ……………….. 3. …………………………………………………………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 2. Why has the crime rate increased? 1. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 2. …………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 3. Why do we have to be careful about these crime figures? …………………………………………………………………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ……………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………..

Section 8b NEW CRIMES

- 28 1. Name 4 new crimes 1. 2. 3. 4.

……….…………………………………………………………………… ………………… ………………………….………………………………………………… ………………… ……….…………………………………………………………………… ………………… …….………………………………………………………………………

………… 2. Which old crimes still exist? 1. 2.

……….…………………………………………………………………… ………………… ……………………………………………………………………………

…………………. 3. Why do more young people commit crime – complete spider diagram REASONS FOR:……………………………….. …………………………… ….. ……………………………….. …………………………… ….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. YOUTH CRIME …………………………… ….. ……………………………….. …………………………… ….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ………………………… …….. 4. What are the possible solutions to this? 1. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 2. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………

- 29 …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 3. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 5.

What 4 crimes are young people often involved in? 1. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 2. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 3. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 4. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………

Section 8c CHANGING ATTITUDES TO PUNISHMENT IN THE 20TH CENTURY 1.

2.

HANGING ARGUMENTS FOR

ARGUMENTS AGAINST

Draw a time line below starting from 1900 and going to 1950. Put on it some changes made.

- 30 3.

What problems are still faced in Prisons? 1. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 2. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 3. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 4. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 5. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………

Section 8c THE POLICE 1900 – Present 1.

What changes have happened to the Police in the 20th Century?

1. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 2. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 3. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 4. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 5. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………

- 31 6. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 2.

Why have attitudes towards the Police changed?

……………………………………………………………………………………… ………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………… ………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………… ………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………… ………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………… ………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………..

- 32 LOOKING AT THE BIGGER PICTURE 1.

FAST CHANGE changed fast

Section 9 Give an example of things that have

Example:the Police – a lot of change over a short period of time. 1. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 2. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 3. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 2. SLOW CHANGE changed slowly

Give examples of things that have

Example: Courts, they still operate/dress in a traditional way 1. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 2. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 3. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 3.

GOOD CHANGES Example:

What things have changed for the best?

Work of Elizabeth Fry or Ending of public executions

1. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 2. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 3. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………

- 33 …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 4. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 5. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 4. BAD CHANGES What changes have made things worse? Example: The Bloody Code 1. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 2. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 3. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 4. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………… 5.

How have the following affected crime and punishment. Fill in the table below. An example has been done for you. FACTORS AFFECTING CRIME AND PUNISHMENT

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

1. 2. 3.

CRIME Not attending church Swearing on a Sunday Witchcraft

FACTOR Religion

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Governmen 1. t 2. 3.

PUNISHMENT Trial by ordeal Hell Church courts

- 34 4. 5. 6.

1. 2. 3. 4.

4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Vagabonds

New opportunities like:1. Begging 2. Increases in stealing 3. Burglary (richer people, more to steal) 4. 5.

Economic (Money)

1.

Prisons – Britain richer could afford to build them

2. 3.

Social Changes

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Silent system Separate system Bloody code

- 35 6.

What has changed? What has stayed the same? Things that have changed

1. Crimes

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

2. Punishment 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Example Highwayman Outlaws

1. Public executions Mutilations

Things that have stayed the same 1. Crimes

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

2. Punishment

Murder Theft

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Fines

- 36 CAPITAL PUNISHMENT THROUGH TIME

Section 10

Section 10a 1. Execution has been used to punish people for a long period of time. a) What continuity is there in the type of crimes punishable by death? b)

What changes have there been in the types of crimes punishable by death? Complete the table below to answer a) and b) Medieval

1500 – 1750

1750 – 1900

1900 – 1965

Crimes

Underline the things that have stayed more or less the same

Punishments

In the table above write down the types of punishments they had in each of the time periods, underline ones that appear in more than one column.

- 37 1.

Draw lines to match the type of execution to the crime, you may use some more than once. Plotting to overthrow the Government

Hanging Burnt at the stake

Wife murdering husband Hung, drawn and quartered Heresey Theft Murder 2.

Why were people executed in different ways? ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………….

3.

How did capital punishment change in:a) 1800’s …………………………………………………………………… ………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………. b) 1900’s …………………………………………………………………… ………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….

4.

Is the abolition of capital punishment an example of progress (things get better) or regress (things get worse)? Explain your answer ……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………….

- 38 ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………….

- 39 EXTENSION UNIT Section 11a

Section 11

WITCHCRAFT

1.

Why were few people convicted of witchcraft in the Middle Ages? ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………. 2.

Why was witchcraft seen as a crime? 1. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………. 2. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………. 3. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………. 4. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….

3.

How did the following make things worse? The Government

Individuals (Matthew

Hopkins)

4.

Why did the witchcraft craze come to an end?

- 40 1. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… 2. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… 3. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… 4. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… 5. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… 6. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… 7. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… 5.

Is witchcraft an example of fast or slow change. Explain.

……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………….. Section 11b

TOLPUDDLE MARTYRS

1.

See previous note Section 5e

2.

Why were they regarded as criminals? 1. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………

- 41 2. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… 3. …………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. 4. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… 5. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… 3.

Results of the case

1. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… 2. ……………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………… 3. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. 4. What is the Tolpuddle Martyrs an example of? ………………………… …………… ……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………..

- 42 Section 11c

CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTORS

1. What is a conscientious objector? …………………………………… …………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………….. 2.

Why was not wanting to kill made into a crime? 1. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. 2. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. 3. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………..

3.

During World War One, what was the attitude of a) The Government and b) The General Public towards conscientious objectors? 1. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. 2. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………..

4. II?

Why were conscientious objectors treated differently in World War

- 43 1. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. 2. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. 3. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. 5.

What was the attitude towards conscientious objectors in World War II of a) The Government and b) The General Public? 1. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. 2. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………..

6.

Using conscientious objectors as an example

1. What changed between 1914 and 1939 (The start of World War I and World War II)? …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. 2. What stayed the same between 1914 and 1939? …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………..

- 44 …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………….. 7. What is this an example of? …………………………………………… …………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………..

- 45 What to do now 1. Use the information in this booklet to answer some exam questions. Get them marked to see if you are on the right lines. 2. Start to condense the work still further. Create a series of cards (½ a piece of A4) with only the important details on them (headings, dates, etc) For example:Cards on: Witchcraft, Conscientious Objectors and Tolpuddle 1. Dates, names, role of the government and other factors that brought about change. 2. Card on execution. Key crimes punishable by death, different types of death. How it changed over time. 3. Role of Religion

Crimes it affected Punishments it affected Good effects of Religion – Elizabeth Fry, etc Bad effect – witchcraft. Matthew Hopkins

4. Card on Social Crimes: Highwaymen, Poachers, Smugglers There are many more cards you can make up:- Rapid changes, Slow changes, Good/Bad, etc or topics: Medieval crime and punishment, prisons, transportation. Try to limit the number of cards you make to no more than 10 and some cards will have the same information on them, for example: The Police could be a topic on its own, but it’s also an example of a Good change and a Rapid change. Try to learn the important points and names on your cards. IF YOU WANT FURTHER HELP WITH THESE CARDS THEN COME INTO SCHOOL AND THE HISTORY DEPARTMENT WILL BE GLAD TO HELP YOU. FINALLY, GOOD LUCK! HARD WORK IS ALWAYS REWARDED. WE WISH YOU ALL THE BEST.