Covalent Bonding

USA Basketball Co-Captains

Covalent Bonds

What are the important things I need to know about covalent bonds? • In a covalent bond, like co-captains share the role of captain of the team • other than the noble gases have than the number of that they need in order to be . • Nonmetals tend to to become more

1. Nonmetals tend to – Gain electrons to become stable – Lose electrons to become stable – Always be stable

What else can a nonmetal do to become more stable? • Other than electrons, nonmetals can electrons in order to become more • For example: group 17 atoms can bond with other group 17 atoms by one electron from each atom. By sharing electrons, each atom becomes stable because it has a • The atoms would form consisting of • The molecule formed is than the

• Why does a non metal share electrons? • How many electrons are in one covalent bond? • Why are covalently bonded compounds more stable than most un-bonded nonmetals?

What is a more specific example of a covalent bond? • In water, oxygen two pairs of electrons, one pair with each of two hydrogen atoms, forming one covalent bond with each. • This gives the oxygen atom outer energy level electrons and each hydrogen atom, outer energy level electrons. • All of the atoms in the molecule are .

Electron Dot Diagrams • An is one way to represent an atom. • In an electron dot diagram, the of the atom is surrounded its • Only a maximum of electrons can go on the top, bottom, left, and right sides of the symbol

How to make an electron dot diagram:

What are paired and unpaired electrons? • electrons are groups of electrons on the top, bottom, left or right of the symbol of the atom. • electrons are electrons on the top, bottom, left or right of the symbol of the atom

Paired vs. Unpaired Electrons

Examples of Electron Dot Diagrams

Practice •

Draw an electron dot diagram for the following atoms: – – – – –

Atomic # 11 Atomic # 6 Atomic # 35 Atomic # 38 Atomic # 54

Example of Electron Dot Diagrams

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More Practice •

Draw an electron dot diagram for CH4

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Draw an electron dot diagram for CCl Draw an electron dot diagram for SO2

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Draw an electron dot diagram for BF3

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Draw an electron dot diagram for PCl5