Covalent Bonding

Covalent Bonding An Introduction to Science Based on What You Learned in Kindergarten

The Octet Rule All

atoms need to have a set of 8 electrons in their valence (outer) shell An atom can do this by gaining or losing electrons (becoming an ion) But there’s another way to do it…

Sharing electrons Two

atoms can share a pair of electrons between them, or 2 pairs or 3 pairs This is called a covalent bond Demo

Why is covalent bonding important? All

macromolecules (really large molecules) are made from covalent bonds The macromolecules includes fats, sugars and starches, which are essential for life DNA is also a macromolecule

Showing Covalent Bonding Covalent

bonds can be represented in several ways Lewis diagrams Ball-and-stick models 3-dimensional models Space-filling models

Lewis Diagrams

Ball-and-stick

Space-Filling