Computer Hardware Introduction.ppt

Computer Hardware

INTRODUCTION

Computer System Components

 Input

Keyboard, Mouse, Camera, Touch Pad  Processing  CPU  Output  Monitor, Printer  Storage  Floppy, Hard Drive, CD, DVD, Flash Drive 

Generations

Gen. Hardware

Software

1st

Vacuum Tubes

machine language

2nd

Transistors

Assembly language

3rd

Integrated Chip (IC)

Higher level languages, Application Programs

4th

VLSI (Very Large Scale ICs)

Object oriented programming, natural language processing

The Binary System

Bits – Binary digits, or 0,1. Bytes (8 bits) – ASCII, EBCDIC One byte is the space needed to store one character, like the letter “A”.

Kilobyte (KB) – 1000 (actually, 1024) Megabyte (MB) – 1,000,000 Gigabyte (GB) – 1,000,000,000 Terabyte (TB) – 1,000,000,000,000

Processing – CPU components

Control Unit Clock cycle regulates all operations

Arithmetic-Logic Unit (ALU) Add Gates – Half adder, full adder AND/OR/NOT gates

Memory RAM – Static Dynamic ROM

Output

Video Printers - Ink Jet, Laser Sound Controlling Devices (e.g. antilock brakes)

Storage  Hard Drive

1 Terabyte and upwards today  As low as 256 KB less than 30 years ago. (that is more than a million times greater capacity today!)  CD-ROM  600-700 MB  DVD-ROM  4 GB - Red Laser,  27 GB- Blue Laser  Flash Drives  From 4 GB up to 100+ GB, including high end of 1 TB. 

Related Fields of Study

 Computer Science  Software development  Computer Engineering  Hardware design and development  Computer Information Systems  Management of technology in organizations.