College Of Agribusiness Management Pantnagar

COLLEGE OF AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT PANTNAGAR

Indian Agriculture 

Agriculture Sector is changing the socio-economic environments of the population due to liberalization and globalization

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About 75% people are living in rural areas and are still dependent on Agriculture. About 43% of India’s geographical area is used for agricultural activity

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Agriculture continues to play a major role in Indian Economy

Indian Agriculture Provides about 65 % of the livelihood  Accounts for 27 % of GDP  Contributes 21 % of Total Exports , and Supplies Raw materials to Industries  Growth Rate in production - 5 . 7 %  Food grains production – 211 . 17 mt 

India’s position in world Agriculture RANK

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Total Area Irrigated Area Population Economically Active population Total Cereals Wheat Rice Coarse grains Total Pulses Oil Seeds Fruits and Vegetables Implements (Tractors) Milk Live Stock (castles, Buffaloes)

Seventh First Second Second Third Second Second Fourth First Second Second Third First First

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) GIS is a computer based information system used to digitally re present and analyze the geographic features present on the Ear th' surface and the events that taking place on it. vProcess vApplication vToolbox vDatabase

GIS can answer Where is it? What is at.….? What has changed since…? What if…? How does…? Where will…?

Why GIS ?     

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Soil map Soil salinity Soil pH Canal and distributaries network Surface water bodies distribution (river, ponds and lakes) Historical rainfall data Temperature Rainfall Agricultural practices (transplantation, harvesting, tillering and flowering dates)

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Creation of field-level crop inventory Location of different mandi’s Timely forecast on production Mapping of transportation network (highways, railway and other roads) Additional information about fertilizers, seeds etc Total precipitable water data

SCOPE IN AGRICULTUREGIS               

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Geographical area of each village Cultivable area Cultivated area Problem soil – salinity/ alkalinity Water logged area Cropping pattern Fertilizer use List of contact /Beneficiaries farmers Number of tube wells Irrigated area –Canal / Tube well No. of tractors/Implements- combine Harvestor,Zero till machine etc Field demonstration Soil Conservation works ( Location based) Any other information

Main phases in the agriculture sector Pre-cultivation Crop selection Land selection

Crop cultivation and harvesting Land preparation Sowing Input management Water management Fertilizatio n Pest management

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BENEFITS IN USE OF GIS

 Optimized

crop production planning  Easier crop site selection  An accurate and elaborate database  Ease in selecting development sites  Ease in irrigation area selection and planning

Land Suitability Evaluation using GIS and Remote Sensing

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Application of GIS in Agriculture

GIS Data: Spatial and Attribute

GIS Integrates All Types of Data

PRECISION FARMING

Precision Farming (PF) is defined as the application of technologies and principles to manage spatial and temporal variability associated with all aspects of agricultural production.

Components of precision farming

GIS analysis for assessment of fertilizer requirement

Chengam

Sathanur Reservoir

LIMITATIONS / WEAKNESSES Data availability  Data capture / Data lineage / history inconclusiveness.  Datasets incompatibility.  Model Limitations (e.g. approximation of rainfall) 

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Land Suitability Evaluation using GIS and Remote Sensing

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Geographic analysis ­ what? & why? Geographic analysis facilitates the study of real­ world processes by developing and applying models. Such models illuminate the underlying trends in geographic data and thus make new information available. Database Query 

Information Systems Requirement in Agriculture GIS/RS based Systems:  Soil and Land use  Watershed developments  Disaster management  Cropping systems  Agriculture Resources Information  Organic farming (bio-fertilisers)  Crop weather watch

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