Cns Spring 09 Magazine 03-09-09

SPRING 2009

CNS College of Natural Sciences

COLLEGE NEWS

PROFILES

ALUMNI

I N S T U T I O N A L

A D V A N C E M E N T

Their future depends on YOU Through the generosity of alumni and friends, HPU continues to offer its students the environment to excel academically Your gifts and grants assist every College of Natural Science student. They help pay for the 29 percent of operating expenses not covered by tuition. Students have hands-on research opportunities with faculty and Oceanic Institute (OI) scientists. New classrooms, resource centers, and laboratories provide an enhanced learning environment. Students benefit from small class sizes and individualized instruction. Internship programs offer students insight into possible careers.

To make a gift online, go to www.hpu.edu/onlinegift. For more information, please visit www.hpu.edu/support or contact the Institutional Advancement Office at [email protected] or (808) 544-0213.

“I hope you will support HPU’s commitment to excellence in education. Your gift will help to shape the lives of our future leaders.” --Chatt G. Wright, President

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FEATURE STORY:

The RV Kaholo HPU’s teaching and research vessel provides invaluable time on the water for students to learn marine field methods, but it also has a personality all its own… Page 12

Graduate Studies 14 College News 2 New faculty profiles I Premedical/Pre-Health Certificate Program

Research 5 Environmental Science with Susan Carstenn I Particle Physics with Stephen Dye I Geobiology with John Culliney

Student Profiles 9 Find out why 4 students chose HPU’s CNS for their undergraduate degree

Feature 12 The Kaholo Story by student reporter Gwen Wedow

Master’s in Marine Science I Graduate student profile: Melissa Carr

Alumni Profile 16 Traveling with Tim Zepplin

Alumni News 17

Measuring geo-neutrino flux within Earth’s interior 6

Updates from the CNS ‘Ohana

Faculty Publications, Presentations, & Grants 20

6th graders consider human impact on marine environments during Marine Debris Awareness Month 3

Spring 2009 Vol. 1 No. 1 Andrew Brittain, Dean/Brenda Jensen, Associate Dean/Christopher Winn, Associate Dean Contributors: HPU Office of Institutional Advancement; Louis Primavera, Susan Carstenn, Stephen Dye, John Culliney, Whitney Masamitsu, Christopher Winn, Tim Zepplin/Writers: Melissa Eyre, Gwen Wedow/ Graphic Design: Melissa Eyre Cover photo: Black-footed Albatross (Phoebastria nigripes), Laysan Island, by Samuel Kahng Photos of RV Kaholo by Varis Grundmanis

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CNS is pleased to announce the addition of four new faculty Dr. Yongli Chen, Assistant Professor of Chemistry Yongli Chen joined CNS in August 2007. Chen received a Ph.D. in Biophysics from Tsinghua University in Beijing, China in 1999. She joined Dr. George P. Hess’ Laboratory at Cornell University to study how abusive drugs like cocaine affect the mammalian central nervous system and to search for and design small organic molecules which can alleviate the drug’s effect. Since dysfunction of the glutamate receptor is involved in many neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and epilepsy, Chen is particularly interested in glutamate receptor pharmacology to understand how glutamate receptors are involved in pathophysiology. Chen is also enthusiastic about screening interesting marine natural products using glutamate receptors as molecular targets. Understanding of the biochemistry behind the action of marine pharmaceuticals will greatly facilitate drug development and modification for optimization. Dr. Chen teaches courses in chemistry and biochemistry. Dr. Samuel Kahng, Assistant Professor of Oceanography Sam Kahng joined CNS in January of 2008, bringing with him a broad range of experience in both the private sector and academics. Following an undergraduate degree in Physics from Carleton College in Minnesota, Kahng worked for a decade for the world’s largest management consulting firm assisting major airline companies with distribution, revenue management, and revenue accounting. Kahng maintained his interest in science, particularly marine ecology, via world-wide travel. In 2002, Kahng entered a graduate program in the Department of Oceanography at the University of Hawaii at Manoa where he studied under one of the world’s leading coral reef ecologists. Kahng received his Ph.D. in oceanography in 2006. His dissertation research dealt with an alien species that threatens Hawaii’s multi-million dollar black coral industry. Kahng continues his research on coral reef ecology focusing on deep-water corals, invasive species and related problems. Kahng’s expertise in coral reef ecology and oceanography and his collaborative efforts with scientists within this discipline represent an important addition to HPU’s College of Natural Sciences. Dr. Kahng teaches courses in biology and marine ecology. Dr. Jiasong Fang, Associate Professor of Oceanography Jiasong Fang joined the CNS faculty in September 2008. Fang received a B.S. degree in petroleum geology and geochemistry from Yangtze University in China, an MS degree in geology and geophysics from Louisiana State University, and a Ph.D. degree in chemical oceanography from Texas A&M University. Fang worked as a research scientist in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Michigan and prior to his arrival in Hawaii taught at Iowa State University. Fang’s research interests are in the areas of oceanography, biogeochemistry, geomicrobiology, and environmental science. Current research includes studying carbon and hydrogen isotope fractionation in lipid biosynthesis of deep-sea piezophilic bacteria, determining ecotoxicity of nanomaterials (fullerene) based on alterations in microbial membrane composition and lipid phase behavior, and studying the fate and transport of steroidal hormones in the environment. Other research interests include paleoclimate reconstruction using stable isotopes and lipid biomarkers in peatland sediments and source and transport of organic contaminants in the atmosphere. Fang is an honorary professor at China University of Geosciences and adjunct professor at the Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Dr. Fang teaches courses in chemistry, oceanography, and geology. Dr. David Hyrenbach, Assistant Professor of Oceanography David Hyrenbach joined CNS in January 2008, adding expertise in many fields of study including seabird ecology, spatial statistics and ocean conservation. Born in Spain, Hyrenbach completed his Bachelor’s of Science at the University of California in San Diego and his Ph.D. at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Prior to his arrival at HPU, Hyrenbach worked as a research scientist at the Duke University Marine Lab and as a visiting scholar at the University of Washington's School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences. In 2008 Hyrenbach was awarded a three-year Pew marine conservation fellowship to evaluate spatially-explicit protective measures for highly-mobile marine

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vertebrates in the Alborán Sea, Western Mediterranean. His research at HPU will initially focus on two main questions relating to marine birds, turtles and mammals. First: how does oceanographic variability shape the distribution and the community structure of these pelagic vertebrates? And second: how do these habitat associations influence the efficacy of spatially-explicit management strategies for their conservation? Hyrenbach will apply his expertise in wildlife tracking and spatial ecology to study the habits and habitats of far-ranging marine vertebrates. In particular, building upon his previous albatross research, Hyrenbach has initiated a study to investigate the movements and ingestion of plastic by these majestic oceanic birds. Dr. Hyrenbach teaches courses in biology, marine biology, and marine ecology.

CNS professor David Hyrenbach shares his expertise on the impact of marine debris with Puohala Elementary 6th graders during Waimanalo beach clean-up Last October was Marine Debris Awareness Month in Hawai’i. Sixth grade teacher Mary Place and 26 of her students from Puohala Elementary School in Kāne’ohe participated in the event with the assistance of HPU marine ecologist Dr. David Hyrenbach. The class goal was not only to clean up the beach at Waimanalo Bay State Park but to understand how scientists like Hyrenbach use scientific approaches to do marine research. Ms. Place summed up their day with Dr. Hyrenbach; “When I explained that I wanted him to tell us about how he uses the scientific method to do research, he chose to SHOW us the scientific method by coming with us to look at the marine debris on the beach! He started by explaining to the class his focus on albatross and how human use of plastics are killing these birds. He talked about a dichotomous key to determine whether the debris might be ingested by the bird and he explained why the bird cannot expel the plastic. He quickly gathered the troops into 2 groups and while one group was on their hands and knees looking for debris, the other was learning about albatross in the Pacific.” “Dr. Hyrenbach had an easy rapport with my students and caught their attention with the articles that he brought to show us, like the contents of what an albatross spits back up and pieces of debris to help them see what can and cannot be swallowed by the bird. He has even written back to the class to see how they are doing…Thank you, Dr. Hyrenbach, for giving my students a hands-on experience doing science with an expert. It was a truly "scientific" excursion that they won't soon forget.”

Puohala Elementry School 6th graders learn what is involved in conducting scientific research with HPU’s Dr. David Hyrenbach. during a Waimanalo Bay State Park beach clean-up event.

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Kaplan Essay Contest Winners from HPU HPU students Margeaux DeMoulin; Junior, Pre-Medical Studies, and Sage Yoo; Pre-Dentistry Post-Baccalaureate student, received gift certificates from Kaplan, Inc. for demonstrating exceptional writing skills in a personal statement essay this past Fall. Each student receives a free Kaplan study program to prepare for the MCAT medical school qualifying exam. From left to right: Mr. Paul Muna Aguon; Alpha Epsilon Delta National Honor Society President (Hawaii Alpha Chapter), Dr. Andrew Brittain; Interim Dean of the College of Natural Sciences, Ms. Margeaux DeMoulin, Mr. Sage Yoo, Dr. Louis Primavera; Pre-Health Professions Coordinator, Ms. Richelle Kim; Honolulu Kaplan Director.

More Choices from CNS Post-Baccalaureate Certificate in Pre-Medical/Pre-Health Studies and PreMedical Studies Minor Arrive Fall 2009 Pre-Medical/Pre-Health Certificate A new certificate program within HPU’s College of Natural Sciences begins next Fall semester, 2009. The Pre-Medical/Pre-Health Certificate is designed for career-changing students that are looking for assistance in taking science courses (and other associated subjects) that will prepare them for the qualifying examinations for health professional schools (MCAT, DAT, OAT, GRE, etc.). The goal of this two-year certificate program is to guide participants through the entire preparation and application process so that they will be competitive applicants to graduate health profession schools. The program is intended for students that have already earned a BA/BS/BFA degree and wish to apply to allopathic medicine, osteopathic medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, optometry, physical therapy or veterinary medicine schools (students wishing to apply to other health profession schools will also be considered). The program will be supervised by Dr. Louis Primavera, CNS’ Pre-Health Professions Coordinator. Dr. Primavera will provide a Committee Letter of Evaluation for those successfully completing the certificate requirements; the letter may be submitted with the student’s health profession school application. Pre-Medical Studies Minor Admission to healthcare professional schools (medicine or one of the related health professions- dentistry, optometry, veterinary medicine, and others) is very competitive but a realistic goal for capable students who carefully plan their undergraduate degree programs. Most professional schools value multi-talented applicants who possess a strong background in the liberal arts and sciences. Hawaii Pacific University does not recommend one specific academic major for students planning to apply to healthcare professional schools. Instead, students are advised to pursue the minor in Pre-Medical Studies (available FALL 2009) in addition to their chosen major. Currently, humanities or non-science majors may have a slight advantage in terms of medical school admissions (due to perceived versatility). However, the path of a science major to medical school is probably shorter due to the number of courses taken. A minor in Pre-Medical Studies degree would allow any major at HPU to pursue a career in medicine (or any other healthcare profession of their choice) regardless of their formally declared major program of study. The premise behind this minor program is that any HPU major will be able to initiate their studies to achieve success on their healthcare professional school qualifying examinations.

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E N V I R O M E N T A L

Riparian restoration on windward O’ahu

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restoration work. While the nursery supplies technical advice on native plant material, equipment, and longterm site maintenance, HPU’s role is to investigate the efficacy of restoration techniques and monitor the restoration process. Undergraduate environmental science and studies majors, including Elizabeth Elkjer, Amanda Calhoun, and Eija Rissanen, will design and implement research projects investigating techniques for vegetation restoration while minimizing the temporary impacts of erosion on water quality. Students will monitor and assess restoration success and the downstream effects of restoration on water quality.

Evidence of riparian erosion seen here at He’eia Stream makes this site suitable for restoration efforts. Susan Carstenn, HPU Assistant Professor of Environmental Science, has teamed with the Executive Director of Hui o Ko'olaupoko , Todd Cullison, to address riparian restoration along a section of He’eia stream on windward O’ahu. Other team members include Hui Kū Maoli Ola, who leases the land on which the restoration will take place for a native plant nursery, and community volunteers. Historically, O’ahu’s watersheds were altered to meet the needs of a growing Hawaiian population. A portion of nature’s energy and resources were redirected to support agroecosystems, e.g. taro farms and fish ponds; however, adequate energy and resources remained to support healthy and functional natural ecosystems. Currently, urban and agricultural alteration of O’ahu’s watersheds continue, often times to the detriment of the natural systems and ultimately to the human systems responsible for the change. Cullison coordinates the restoration process and partners provide access to the site for volunteers to implement the

The State of Hawaii Department of Health and the Environmental Protection Agency under the 319 grant program is providing the funding for the restoration. Hawaii Pacific University, through the Board of Trustees Scholarly Endeavor Program, is providing funding in support of undergraduate research.

New book challenges traditional methods of experimental design and statistical analysis of ecosystems A new book co-edited by CNS faculty member Susan Carstenn addresses the limitations of established approaches to ecological and environmental research. Real World Ecology: Large-Scale and Long-Term Case Studies and Methods showcases studies that have used innovative experimental methods to tackle the new and emerging problems that ecologists face today.

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Geo-neutrino observations probing Earth’s radioactive heating CNS Physicist Stephen Dye’s research involving the detection and measurement of antineutrinos from deep within the Earth is reported in the highly acclaimed journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences [1.8.08] and the Newspaper of Earth and Space Sciences, EOS [10.28.08]. One hundred years ago, not long after Henri Becquerel’s discovery of radioactivity, Ernest Rutherford and Bertram Boltwood initiated a connection between geology and nuclear particle physics. They suggested the use of radiometric dating to determine the age of the Earth. Rutherford and his students Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden went on to develop radiation detectors. This fruitful connection led to modern measurements of Earth’s formation 4.54 billion years ago with an uncertainty of less than one percent: certainly a marvelous achievement of interdisciplinary science. A century after the seminal work of Rutherford and Boltwood, geology and nuclear particle physics are connecting again. With the discovery of the neutrino and the development of neutrino detectors, physicists are now developing methods to improve our understanding of heat production within the Earth’s interior. The application of this novel approach to study nuclear heating within the Earth promises new understanding about Earth's chemical composition, the evolution of Earth's internal structure, and possibly the Earth's magnetic field. Geo-neutrinos are electron antineutrinos emitted in the beta decay of long-lived isotopes within the Earth. These isotopes, primarily uranium-238, thorium-232, and potassium-40, produce antineutrinos, the antiparticles of neutrinos, that are affected by only the weakest two of nature’s four known forces (i.e. gravity and the weak nuclear force). As a consequence these neutrinos can pass through the Earth where they can be detected by massive, subsurface detectors and provide information about terrestrial heat sources otherwise inaccessible to geological instruments. Two underground detectors, one in Japan and one in Italy, are currently recording geo-neutrinos emanating from the Earth’s interior. These and other pioneering efforts to measure geo-neutrino flux will improve our understanding of the radioactive heating of the Earth’s interior. Future projects dedicated to measuring and modeling the planet’s geo-neutrino flux would define the amount and distribution of heat producing elements in the Earth and provide transformative insights into the thermal history and dynamic processes of the mantle. The requirements of an experimental program for this purpose were defined by research led by Dye. They include observations near Hawaii by a deep underwater geo-neutrino detector under development by an international collaboration of physicists, geologists, and ocean engineers, including Dye.

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G E O B I O L O G Y

The works of author and distinguished CNS Professor John Culliney John Culliney, Professor of Biology, has been teaching biology and marine science on our windward campus since 1979. Long ago his research on the East Coast at the Duke University Marine Lab in North Carolina and the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole, Massachusetts focused on invertebrate embryology and larval ecology of (mostly) mollusks. However, after moving to Hawai`i, his interests broadened, inspired by the Pacific Ocean setting. He subsequently authored four books and numerous essays and articles on a variety of subjects including conservation issues on the North American continental shelf, growing endangered native Hawaiian plants, the environmental history of the Hawaiian Islands, and adventures exploring underwater between New England and Hawai`i. Recently, Culliney contributed five essays on the geologic and biotic transformation of windward Oahu since prehuman times in a forthcoming book from the Kailua Historical Society, and he is working on a book-length manuscript, provisionally titled The Fractal Self, with a coauthor, the philosopher David E. Jones. This book is a study of the evolution of cooperative manifestations in nature from chemistry and cellular structure and function to the social behavior of animals including humans—with insights from both science and philosophy, especially the Asian traditions of Buddhism and Daoism. Ancient scholars in those disciplines are now seen to have anticipated key concepts of fractal geometry in various natural settings, and principles of origin of complex systems leading to emergence—a phenomenon that thrusts innovation at all levels of organization into play in the game of natural selection. With plans to retire in the proverbial "next few years," Culliney aims ultimately to relocate from Oahu to the Big Island where he has a house near the town of Volcano. "The (Hawai`i Volcanoes) National Park boundary runs just behind my backyard," he says, and there's 25 miles of wilderness to explore back there up to the 13,677-foot summit of Mauna Loa." He has plans for encouraging the regrowth of native Hawaiian trees and shrubs on his lot, formerly part of a cattle ranch. Already several native birds have moved back into the area as the forest has slowly begun to recover. "They are exquisite birds— honeycreepers and others—that have all but vanished from Oahu." Also, the area is honeycombed with lava tubes, and Culliney has found land snails inhabiting zones around the cave entrances and skylights. This gets him thinking about going back to his early interests in mollusks and studying their taxonomy and ecology. These native animals, some of which have evolved into numerous species in the islands, are far less studied on the Big Island than on Oahu.

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Another of Culliney's anticipated future projects is to approach NASA for "some very modest funding to begin developing a Mars garden". The background for this idea comes from recent surveys by NASA, University of Arizona researchers, and others that have looked for soils on planet Earth that closely match the Martian regolith in chemical composition. It turned out that the rubbly, oxidized red dirt covering much of upper Mauna Kea on the Big Island proved remarkably similar to samples that have been remotely but accurately analyzed on the surface of Mars ever since the Viking Lander took the first scoop in 1976. "We could start by choosing some crops from Nepal, say, and perhaps the high Andes," Culliney imagines. "Things like hardy cabbages, potatoes, and grains grown at high elevations. Put them in sand boxes at first with simulated Mars soil—up at the Onizuka Visitor Center at 9,200 feet on Mauna Kea. The second stage would be to take the strongest plants up to the summit at nearly 14,000 feet. Then we would try to harden them off and select varieties that thrive in conditions that are part of the way to the Martian environment—with reduced atmospheric pressure, extremely dry air, permafrost a foot below the soil surface, high ultraviolet flux, etc. Of course, on Mars, growing plants of any kind will require degrees of earthlike environmental controls, but anything that can reduce the likes of pressure under greenhouse domes, water use, need for heating at night, and other costs would prove useful in eventual attempts to establish research settlements on the planet.” Culliney admits that this still sounds like science fiction, but there's that old adage that says, 'the truth is sometimes stranger ...,' and he thinks that a Mars garden on Mauna Kea might catch the fancy of visionary "terraformers" working for NASA, the European Space Agency, private organizations such as The Mars Society, and perhaps noted individuals such as the cosmologist Stephen Hawking. And then… a few years from now…watch for “Mars veggies” for sale at the Hilo Farmers’ Market!

Books by John Culliney: ISLANDS IN A FAR SEA: The Fate of Nature in Hawai`i (Revised Edition) (2006). University of Hawai`i Press, Honolulu. 420 p. A NATIVE HAWAIIAN GARDEN: How to Grow and Care for Island Plants (1999). University of Hawai`i Press, Honolulu. (with B.P. Koebele). 140 p. ISLANDS IN A FAR SEA: Nature and Man in Hawaii (1988). Sierra Club Books, San Francisco. 410 p. LESA MORYA (The Forests of the Sea) – Russian Edition (1981). Hydrometeorological Press, Leningrad. 280 p.

Culliney with enthusiastic students in his marine invertebrate zoology lab- Hawaii Loa campus

EXPLORING UNDERWATER:The Sierra Club Guide to Scuba and Snorkeling (1980). Sierra Club Books, San Francisco. 340 p. (with E.S. Crockett). THE FORESTS OF THE SEA – Anchor Books (softcover) Edition (1979). Anchor Press/Doubleday, Garden City, N.Y. 433 p. THE FORESTS OF THE SEA: Life and Death on the Continental Shelf (1977). Sierra Club Books, San Francisco. 290 p.

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Who we are… Find out why students choose HPU’s College of Natural Sciences for their undergraduate education

Jennifer Canale Focus: Oceanography If you ask Jennifer Canale where she is from, her answer would be, “…well, that’s not such an easy question to answer. I was born in Ohio, but I have lived in Virginia, Las Vegas, Hawaii and New Jersey. I moved to Hawaii again in 2007 after living in San Francisco for 10 years”. Canale was able to return to Hawaii and attend HPU after earning the prestigious Ernest F. Hollings Scholarship from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. When faced with the choice of where to continue her undergraduate education after attending community college in California, Canale tells us that she was immediately drawn to the small teacher to student ratio offered by the College of Natural Sciences at HPU. Canale echoes the sentiment of many CNS students by aptly describing her HPU experience in this way; “I love the intimate classroom setting here at HPU as well as the hands-on experience I am getting on the [RV] Kaholo and on field trips. I think my education has been enhanced by learning with all five of my senses rather than just one or two”. In academia Canale fits the profile of a “non-traditional student”. Someone who typically seeks a college education while still in the workforce or after leaving one career to gain training for a new one. Their experiences, when shared with fellow students and faculty, bring a unique energy and perspective to the classroom that can be appreciated by all. Canale is interested in tropical ocean environments such as those found in and around the Hawaiian Island chain. She is inspired to become a teacher of the earth and marine sciences, ultimately at the community college level where she can mentor nontraditional students such as herself. Her objective will be to motivate these students to have far-reaching education and career goals as she did. Canale would like to continue her education after graduation by seeking an advanced degree in marine science or a related field. An ambition made possible because of her efforts which won her the Hollings Scholarship and the opportunity to attend HPU as a full-time undergraduate student. To sum it up, Canale tells us, “I had plenty of choices of where to continue my education after two years at a community college, and I really think that I made the right choice. I think that I have learned so much more at HPU than I ever would have if I had gone to a larger school on the mainland where oceanography is only taught in a classroom and students don’t get to go out and experience it for themselves. I hope I get the chance to stay in Hawaii and give back to the community all that has been given to me”.

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Alex Pawlowski Focus: Marine Biology/Biochemistry Alex Pawlowski is originally from Littleton, Colorado. A recent CNS graduate (January 2009), Alex explains in his own words why he chose Hawai’i Pacific University for his undergraduate studies. “I came to HPU as a business major with hopes of getting a Marine Biology minor. In my first semester though, my favorite class by far was Biology and I decided to switch to a Marine Biology degree. I haven’t looked back since. In my junior year I found that I had a real interest in Biochemistry as well, and as soon as the degree was offered, I picked it up. The second degree forced a later graduation date on me but was entirely worth it”. “I came to HPU because I liked the small school atmosphere and the fact that I would be living in Hawaii. Since being here however, I have discovered all the other reasons that make HPU a great school. In the Natural Sciences program there is so much opportunity to get field experience. Not only does the HPU Marine Biology program have more boat labs than most schools, it is also very easy to get involved in research that your teachers are doing”. As an undergraduate, Alex’s efforts included assisting the Marine Mammal Stranding Team under the direction of Dr. Kristi West and in the laboratory research of Dr’s. David Horgen and Yongli Chen. Alex truly values his decision to attend HPU and believes that his involvement with faculty research projects have prepared him well for the working world beyond graduation. When asked where his interests lay, Alex replies, “I have many fields of interest, most of which have been introduced to me during my time spent at HPU. I am currently torn between pursuing careers in Marine Biology and Biochemistry because I find both fascinating fields. Since beginning my education at HPU I have discovered deep interests in Ecology, Biology and Chemistry and the interactions within”. “The most rewarding experiences that I have had in the past two years have been working with the Marine Mammal Stranding Team, with Dr. Horgen’s research group, and being involved in the Honors Thesis program. All of these experiences have taught me so much about research in general and have contributed much to my respect for the natural sciences”. “Immediately after graduation I plan on continuing to work at HPU in both the Marine Biology and Biochemistry programs with hopes of furthering my education and finding the right field for me. A longer term goal that I have is to eventually go to graduate school in whatever field I find suits me best”. Alex shared these parting words with us, “I would like to thank the Faculty of HPU for my education. One of my favorite aspects of HPU is the relationships that small class sizes allow you to develop with your teachers. At no point during my education at HPU have I felt like I was just a face in a crowd to a teacher. I think that above all else, this has helped my education while at HPU”.

The Natural Science Student Association (NSSA) is a Hawai’i Pacific University registered independent organization that represents and supports the students enrolled as majors in the College of Natural Sciences. In its second year, the NSSA hopes to continue on its path of encouraging all science majors to participate in activities which enhance their educational experience. Already the NSSA has worked closely with the College of Natural Sciences to hold the annual Beach Bash, an event that allows science students and faculty to meet and socialize with one another. NSSA Night is an evening affair planned for the Natural Science student body as a chance to relax and meet other students in their majors. Not only does the NSSA organize social functions, another important goal is to improve the environment for all students on the Hawaii Loa campus. Last year, the NSSA kept open several study rooms at night. The organization also raises funds and promotes the association with NSSA shirt sales. Officers for the 2008-2009 school year are: Erin Aalseth (President), Tiwa Leveille (Vice President), Kristin Dominici (Secretary), Chih-Wei Chang and Christopher Adams (Treasurers).

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Tiwaporn Leveille Focus: Pre-Medical Studies Tiwaporn Leveille considers Hawaii her home. However, prior to returning to Hawaii, she and her family had been living in Okinawa, Japan since her father is in the military. Leveille, says that she chose HPU’s College of Natural Sciences for her undergraduate career because she was impressed by the vigorous science programs and liked what she heard about HPU being harder to get into than most schools. Clearly, Leveille is a person drawn to a challenge. Leveille’s interests lie in pediatric medicine but she would also like to expand her level of experience by working with trauma patients. After graduating from HPU, Leveille plans to attend medical school after which she would like to practice as a civilian doctor working for the military. For Leveille, one of her greatest accomplishments in recent history was obtaining her black belt in Okinawan Shrin Ryu under an Okinawan Grandmaster. She also gets her share of personal satisfaction from volunteering to help others and from traveling. Leveille works to support the CNS student community in her role as Vice President of the Natural Science Student Association.

Chih-Wei Chang Focus: Biochemistry

“I love the intimate classroom setting here at HPU as well as the hands-on experience I am getting on the [RV] Kaholo and on field trips. I think my education has been enhanced by learning with all five of my senses rather than just one or two”. – CNS undergraduate Jennifer Canale

Chih-Wei Chang arrived in Hawaii from Taiwan 6 years ago to finish high school. He joined the College of Natural Sciences at HPU as a freshman during the Fall of 2007. His decision to attend HPU was based on the strong biology curricula offered and essential for Chang as a premedical student. Chang tells us, “After being exposed to the chemistry world by Dr. Brian Bozlee during my first semester of college, my interest in chemistry grew. In the spring of 2008 I chose Biochemistry as my major”. Along with chemistry, Chang has also added the disciplines of finance and philosophy to his curricula. “Studying finance provides me with the tools and different perspectives to look at the core mechanism of everyday business. Philosophy is not only the root of science, but is also present in daily life when one is thinking. The study of logic is a sub-discipline of philosophy, and essential as a scientist” he says. When asked about his most rewarding experience over the last couple of years, Chang emphatically states that taking classes as a student in the College of Natural Sciences has definitely been his most rewarding experience. The acquisition of knowledge in a college environment compared to that of high school hammered home the meaning of “professor” for Chang. He is continually impressed with the ability of his professors to skillfully communicate challenging concepts with captivating, clear, and articulate delivery. After graduating with a BS in biochemistry from HPU, Chang hopes to enter medical school and later practice as a general surgeon in emergency medicine. His goal is to practice in the U.S. where he would be able take advantage of some of the best medical facilities, technologies, and talent available worldwide. After a few years of doctoring Chang is already planning to return to school to learn more about subjects he didn’t have time to fully study previously. Says Chang, “a strong desire to learn is essential to becoming a successful doctor... I am really curious about almost every academic and non-academic discipline”, which includes car repair, he adds. Chang gives back to the college by serving as Treasurer for the Natural Sciences Student Association.

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F E A T U R E

The Kaholo Story: CNS junior Gwen Wedow portrays HPU’s first-rate teaching and research vessel Before I even set a bare foot upon the research vessel R/V Kaholo, I was looking at pictures of her on Hawai’i Pacific University’s website, freezing in my northwestern home, and wondering just what it would be like when I finally arrived at her dock. I imagined getting my hands dirty and participating in launching very expensive scientific equipment. I envisioned teamwork, the scenery of emerald Ko’olau cliffs, and pristine blue waters rippling in the distance. Drawing closer to my arrival at HPU and to making my vision a reality, I realized that receiving an experiential education is a crucial aspect of a science student’s career, as life is quite different outside of the laboratory. As I pondered over the website photos of intimate class sizes, expectations of personalized instruction danced in my head. Since arriving, I find that the R/V Kaholo fulfills and exceeds my imagination, as I now have the rare opportunity to routinely humble myself aboard her, and to experience world-class maritime education from her crew. The Kaholo is beautiful for many reasons. Most would say that her charisma is brought to life through her loyal crew, but several other striking characteristics can be found within the walls of her construction. The Kaholo possesses a classic style that reflects multicultural histories of past civilizations - although with unique twists - as her designer, Hisao Murakami, incorporated a modern blueprint that spans Japanese, Pacific Islander, and American traditions. R/V Kaholo’s design was loosely based upon the old style Japanese sampan fishing boats, whose distinctive form was a common site in Hawaiian harbors from the early to mid nineteen hundreds. Hawaiian sampans ranged in size from 20 feet to more than 90 feet in length depending on whether they fished for aku tuna or skipjack tuna. These boats were generally a sturdy, single-hulled vessel. The Douglas fir skeleton of the Kaholo drastically departs from sampan style in that she is a double-hulled catamaran. Her design required adherence to Coast Guard standards for passenger service while remaining a stable and efficient craft; the catamaran style offered both qualities with the added bonuses of light construction and speed. She is 42 feet in length, with a beam of 20 feet and a displacement designed at around 15,000 lbs. The Kaholo is powered by two 130 hp diesel engines. Her 2 x 6 feet transverse frames have been sown to shape, and along with her longitudinal stringers, support the wooden exterior that has been coated with a sleek skin of epoxy and fiberglass. Kaholo was launched in 1983, initially destined for the Big Island. Her projected service tours along the sheltered waters of the Kona coast have turned out to occupy only a fraction of her vocational potential. The Kaholo migrated to O’ahu in 1992 where she became a part of the HPU ‘ohana. Since that time, she has worked the waters around Kāne’ohe and windward O’ahu as a teaching and research vessel, logging over two thousand trips in support of HPU’s Marine Science programs. She became equipped over the years with an articulating A-frame and hydraulic winch, GPS chart-plotter and two depthsounders, Niskin sample bottles, a CTD (measuring conductivity, temperature, and depth of the ocean), an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), plankton nets, Multi-corer, and a myriad of other equipment. The Kaholo serves classes in both Oceanography and Marine Biology.

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The insightful environmentalist Rachel Carson once wrote, “Those who dwell among the beauties and mysteries of the Earth are never alone or weary of life”. I’d like to think she had seafarers in mind when penning that remark, as the people who crew boats tend to have unbelievable passion for their ever-changing environment and also exhibit extreme dedication and solidarity towards maintaining the vessel that places them within their favorite atmosphere. R/V Kaholo’s crew embodies what a hard working team aboard a boat should be, and is comprised of Suzanne Linda, Dan Brinkman, Kevin Baptiste, and Captain Brian Quinn. The Kaholo crew’s experiences and personalities are exceptional to say the least, and so in divulging their maritime past, I forewarn that any information shared, barely scratches the surface and hardly does their diversity justice. Suzanne Linda is a whimsical spirit originally from Arizona, although her fluid demeanor may still deny that. Linda received her B.S. degree in zoology from Arizona State University. Her various skills in scuba diving, lifeguarding, sailing, teaching, and boat maintenance have landed her several opportunities, from working with dolphins in Florida to being assistant harbormaster at Catalina Island Marine Institute in Toyon Bay, California. Linda moved to O’ahu and became an educator for community programs at the Waikiki Aquarium. She came to work for HPU aboard the Kaholo in 2005. Dan Brinkman joined the Kaholo’s crew by way of Missouri. Brinkman has the down-home personality that gives away his background of running John boats on the muddy waters of the great Mississippi. Brinkman received his B.S. degree in marine biology from HPU and has been a part of the Kaholo’s crew for fifteen years. Kevin Baptiste adds local style from his hometown of Honolulu. Kevin received his marine science degree from UH-Hilo and after college, returned to O’ahu to work his way up the ladder at a submarine tour company where he obtained valuable experience as a deck supervisor. Kevin joined HPU in August of 2001, and has since been able to obtain his captain’s license while serving as a deckhand aboard R/V Kaholo. As for the Captain…It’s been rumored that Brian Quinn has so much experience, that he could build you a capable sailing rig out of a coconut and some duct tape. Quinn grew up on O’ahu and began his love of boats at an early age - if not a previous life. As he grew up, so did his toys. Quinn evolved from rowboats to sailboats and eventually obtained his captain’s license in 1979. He is proficient in sailboard manufacture and design and is familiar with building and rebuilding small boat structures, as well as their hydraulic, electrical, and navigational systems. “Captain Brian” has been able to share his substantial knowledge of sailing, boating, and all things ocean or otherwise with college students since the early nineties as an HPU marine science instructor. In general, the people who crew the Kaholo make you feel at ease aboard her, not so much for each of their distinct styles of humor and unique backgrounds, but because there is a sense of collaboration and ultimate responsibility that emanates from them. Many odd occurrences can happen at sea that put the crew and passengers in harm’s way. Yet aboard the Kaholo, safety is the primary concern, and it shows. The crew is always where they need to be, when they need to be there, and most importantly, they are able to impart that safety-wisdom to others. I have yet to complete my journey at HPU, or to move on from the teachings of the Kaholo and her crew, but I can imagine that with more hard work, and quite possibly more challenges, the education received will only continue to surpass my expectations. Each summer the RV Kaholo becomes a teaching lab for about 200 gifted 12 to 16 year-olds participating in the Johns Hopkins University Center for Talented Youth Program at HPU. This residential program for students from Hawai’i, the mainland, and abroad focuses on the study of marine science and provides hands-on opportunities to learn laboratory and oceanographic techniques. Gwen Wedow Marine Biology 2010

G R A D U A T E

S T U D I E S

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CNS Masters in Marine Science Program Hawaii Pacific University’s new Masters in Marine Science (MSMS) program is growing rapidly and provides new opportunities for graduate education in Hawaii and in the Pacific Basin. The College of Natural Sciences MSMS program officially began in fall 2007 with 8 students. There are currently 20 students enrolled in the program. The number of new applications already exceeds the number of students that we can accommodate, making admission to the program increasingly competitive. The MSMS program is housed at the Oceanic Institute (OI) in Waimanalo at Makapu’u, where offices and research laboratories are available for graduate students. However, the MSMS students utilize both the Hawaii Loa campus and the Oceanic Institute for research and coursework. One of the many advantages of this new program is that graduate student research activities are providing increased interaction and collaboration between HPU faculty and OI staff researchers. In addition, the presence of young, hard-working and enthusiastic graduate students at the Oceanic Institute is providing a new energy for OI’s research activities. Furthermore, interactions between graduate and undergraduate students within the College of Natural Sciences are enhancing the undergraduate educational experience. Some of our undergraduate students contribute to graduate student research projects by providing valuable research assistance to our MSMS students while receiving a unique research experience in return. As is typical of HPU’s educational programs, the MSMS graduate students are coming to HPU from Hawaii, across the continental United States and foreign countries. Graduate students who have participated, or are now participating in MSMS graduate courses, have come from as far away as France and China. In addition, some of our students are returning to Hawaii for graduate education after obtaining an undergraduate education on the mainland. Others are coming to Hawaii for the first time to pursue a graduate education in marine science in Hawaii’s unique oceanic setting. HPU MSMS students are either developing or are already involved in some intriguing research projects. One student is contributing to fisheries science by studying Bonefish feeding in Hawaiian coastal waters. Another is working closely with OI scientists to improve aquaculture technology (see next article about graduate student Melissa Carr and the yellow tang). Other projects address marine mammal diseases, population size, and distribution in Hawaiian waters. Still others are working on the endangered green sea turtle feeding in coastal waters or ocean acidification influences on Hawaii’s coastal coral reef environments. These activities are improving the scope and quality of science education at HPU, providing talented and capable young people with a graduate education in marine science and providing new insight to help preserve and manage the world’s marine environment.

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Full-time employee takes advantage of MSMS degree program at Oceanic Institute If you’ve ever visited the oceans surrounding Hawai’i, or for that matter, if you’ve ever had the chance to visit a tropical aquarium, then you have probably seen a yellow tang. One of the most common and easiest to keep of the tang family, the yellow tang (Zebrasoma flavescens) is considered a benchmark in the marine ornamentals fish aquarium trade. The tang is a popular herbivorous species, brilliant OI employee and MSMS graduate student Melissa Carr in color, and can improve an aquarium’s cleanliness by munching away at the algae that accumulates within tanks. Historically, the aquarium trade has met demand for large numbers of fish by harvesting wild reef environments around the world. A more sustainable and modern approach to reef harvesting can be found within the multi-faceted aquaculture industry. Hawai’i Pacific University graduate student and Oceanic Institute researcher, Melissa Carr is part of a team in Hawai’i that is aiding the industry’s expansion. Carr is originally from the Bay Area of California. This ocean side state is known for its picturesque beach scenes as well as the laid back lifestyles that seem to accompany them, and in first meeting Carr, these qualities are definitely visible. As a woman in the pursuit of science however, not even her casual and seemingly care free demeanor could hide the sparkle, wit, and determination that she utilizes to accomplish the overall goals for her future. Although an exact vision of where she may actually wind up in ten years currently eludes her, she has a pretty good idea of where she would like to be. Carr spent her undergraduate degree studying biology at the University of Southern California. Soon after graduating, she involved herself in the biotechnology field producing research antibodies. Although many newly graduated students who pursue science love the regimented atmosphere that a laboratory brings, it was not the right fit for her, and she knew it. On somewhat of an adventurous whim, Carr placed herself within sight of an opportunity to attend a six month internship at Sea Life Park, Hawai’i. The chance to be outside and to work in a marine atmosphere was almost too good to be true. She achieved this transitional goal, and was placed within the Reef Life Department, where she gained experience working with fish, stingrays, and turtles. The allure of an atmosphere that most consider paradise proved to be too great, as it was not long after finishing her internship at Sea Life Park that Carr secured a job with the Oceanic Institute (OI). OI is a nonprofit research and development organization dedicated to marine aquaculture, biotechnology, and coastal resource management, and is conveniently located next door to Sea Life Park. In the beginning of her career at OI, Carr helped in raising and maintaining ornamental broodstock, primarily the flame angelfish (Centropyge loriculus), in the Finfish Department. Subsequently she has moved into the Hatchery section of the Finfish Department, where she has helped research and rear numerous foodfish species such as moi (Polydactylus sexfilis), kahala (Seriola rivoliana) and omilu (Caranx melampygus). Hawai’i Pacific University launched a brand new Master’s of Science in Marine Science (MSMS) program in 2007. Carr is considered one of the student pioneers for being in the MSMS program’s first graduating class and is training in marine science and aquaculture. This graduate education opportunity was made possible under the recent affiliation between OI and HPU, which provides tuition assistance and opportunities to participate in active research programs at OI, such as Dr. Charles Laidley’s CTSA-funded Yellow Tang Aquaculture Development Project, under which Carr is conducting her research. While not a walk in the park, being a student and working full time does have its perks. For one thing Carr is able to have a great deal of daily interaction with the yellow tang. Her research is focusing on finding a “first feed” for the yellow tang larvae. A first feed is the very first food that larval fish are able to eat after exhausting their hatchling yolk sac. Yellow tang and many other ornamental reef fish have particularly small mouths and therefore require additional research to overcome early feeding bottlenecks to be raised in captivity. Once a first feed is found for a species, researchers can focus on other aspects of a species life cycle, to make raising them profitable, and encouraging captive propagation as an alternative to current reliance on wild harvests. Aquaculture can be an environmentally friendly, efficient, and sustainable method of satisfying the consumer demand of the aquarium trade. Carr’s thesis project is an important step in resolving constraints in the development of aquaculture methods for these highly sought after aquarium fish, and is expected to make an important scientific contribution toward protecting coral reef ecosystems. –Student reporter Gwen Wedow

Yellow Tang Zebrasoma flavescens by Luc Viatour

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High seas adventure with 2005 CNS alumnus Tim Zepplin Hawaii Pacific University students with degrees in the natural sciences do interesting things following graduation. The variety of endeavors that our graduates take on once they leave the halls of our college is diverse. CNS alumni work for consulting companies, government organizations and research institutes. Many of our students pursue graduate education in the sciences or go to professional schools in medicine or law. Other graduates help to satisfy the demand for teachers in primary and secondary education with expertise in math and science. CNS graduates may look forward to exciting opportunities, that’s for sure. Case in point… Alumnus Tim Zepplin’s post-graduate employment could not be more exciting. Zepplin’s work has involved travel to exotic places, weathering stormy seas in the middle of the vast Pacific Ocean, and participating in the making of documentaries seen by millions of Americans. Zepplin graduated from HPU with a BS in Marine Biology in May of 2005. Immediately following graduation, he took a job working with the National Marine Fisheries Service Pacific Islands Regional Observer Program. His job is to ride on commercial vessels to observe fishing practices within the US fishing industry. These observer positions were created to help the government track and maintain the health of commercial fisheries by enforcing fishing regulations and by examining commercial fish catch on the fishing fleets at sea. Zepplin’s first “at-sea” experiences were on commercial tuna longline vessels based in Honolulu. After working in Hawaii for about a year, Zepplin transferred to American Samoa where he worked the Albacore longline tuna fishing fleet based in Pago Pago. In between these excursions with the fishing fleets, where he interacted with fishermen whose livelihoods depend upon the health of the oceans ecosystems, Zepplin spent time SCUBA diving throughout the South Western Tropical Pacific. After six months in the South Pacific, Zepplin transferred to the cold, blustery, and dangerous Bering Sea to monitor the King, Baridi, and Opilo crab fisheries. In between cruises in support of the observation program in the North Pacific, he travelled throughout the Aleutian Islands and Alaska. Zepplin made several voyages with the captain and crew of the Northwestern, the crab catcher featured prominently on the Discovery Channel Program Deadliest Catch. Although Zepplin was onboard for filming most of the footage used in the program, he was required to remain off-camera because of his status as a government employee. However, Zepplin tells us that he is visible in several scenes working in the background or walking around the deck of the vessel. He was also prominently involved in a harrowing situation in which an unsecured pot slid out of the pot launcher and pinned a crew member to the table from behind. Zepplin is seen rushing around the sorting table and with the other crew members, pushing the pot off the helpless crew member and pulling him to safety. Once finished with the crab season Tim switched gears and worked aboard the Alaska Groundfish fleet for six months. Currently he has returned to HI to work on large transshipment vessels crisscrossing the Pacific and eventually the Indian Ocean. “Observer Tim” has had some truly exciting experiences following graduation. Tim Zepplin as ADF&G observer in the North Pacific

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 The ‘Ohana …news from our CNS family 2000

my marine science career “. In her spare time Stefanie volunteers at the Las Vegas Natural History Museum.

2001

Marina Christofidou (B.S. Marine Biology) completed a Master’s degree in the UK in Coastal and Marine Resource Management in 2001. She returned to Cyprus where she works for the Department of Fisheries and Marine Research, specializing in the construction of fishing shelters, fishlanding facilities etc. Marina is married to HPU alumnus Pavlos Pavlos, (they met at HPU) and recently gave birth to their first child.

Stefanie Schmidt (B.S. Marine Biology) Stefanie is currently working as a marine science educator in Las Vegas at the Mirage Dolphin Habitat. Her work involves educating visitors about marine life and caring for the resident Atlantic bottlenose dolphins. “It is an amazing job and I love it… I am really happy living in Las Vegas with

Daniel Poland (B.S. Marine Biology) moved to Buffalo, New York to study the symbiosis between corals and algae. “It was slightly odd moving from Hawai’i to Buffalo, but despite its snowy reputation it has proven to be a great place to live and study!” says Daniel, who is pursuing a doctoral degree. His field research occurs in the Florida Keys where he is grateful for the opportunity to SCUBA dive for a few months every year. After he receives his Ph.D., Daniel hopes to continue studying coral reefs.

Fernanda Pegas (B.A. Environmental Studies) received a Master’s degree from Oregon State University and is currently finishing her Ph.D. at Texas A&M University in Recreation, Park and Tourism Sciences. Her thesis involves

analyzing the effectiveness of different conservation strategies in protecting sea turtles in the fishing village of Praia do Forte, Bahia, Brazil. Once Fernanda has completed her doctoral program she will “continue working on projects that focus on the protection of endangered species through the use of ecotourism as a conservation tool.”

2002

John Schlosser (B.S. Marine Biology) is living in Portland, Oregon with partner Jaimie, a massage therapist. John is a law student at Lewis & Clark Law School. Says John, “Things here a pretty crazy, but if anyone is interested in putting their science degree to work in the legal field I would be more than happy to talk. There are a lot of opportunities for scientists in the legal profession…people should keep it in mind as an alternative to grad school.”

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2003 Mark Ditter (B.A. Environmental Studies) received his M.S. degree in Geosciences in 2005 from Mississippi State University. Says Mark, “I am the lead weather forecaster supporting Air Force Military Operations at March Air Reserve Base in California. This has allowed me to continue using my weather forecasting skills after retiring from the U.S. Air Force in 2006.” He also teaches part-time at area colleges. Teaching provides Mark the satisfaction of passing along knowledge in Environmental Science and Meteorology. Mark’s hobbies include golf, baseball, college football, and home improvement.

Pierre De Wit (B.S. Marine Biology) reports that “after vagabonding around for a while [in Europe]”; he began a Ph.D. program in 2005 in Biological Systematics at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden. “I am particularly interested in studying the processes that have created the diversity we see in the ocean benthos” says Pierre. Upon the completion of his Ph.D. in 2010, Pierre may return to Hawai’i to start a postdoctoral project. “The world becomes a much smaller place with a Ph.D.!”

2004

Danielle Dolan (Yadisernia) (B.A. Environmental Studies) lives in Jacksonville, Florida and is married to HPU alumnus Jared Dolan (B.A. Public Relations 2004). Danielle is the Education Director for St. Johns Riverkeeper (a local grass-roots environmental organization); a position that allows her to remain active with environmental issues and spend time at home with daughter Victoria. Husband Jared currently serves as a clerk for the U.S. Federal Court, Middle District of Florida. They are both youth leaders at their church, Calvary Chapel in Jacksonville. The family will be packing up and moving to California in August where Jared has accepted a position as Assistant U.S. Attorney in Sacramento. Danielle plans to seek a Master’s degree in Ecology from the University of California-Davis.

2005 Deborah Khider (B.S. Oceanography) began her Ph.D. program in Ocean Sciences at the University of Southern California 2006. Deborah’s thesis will address the role of thermohaline circulation in relation to climate

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change over the past 1000 years. A “Basically , I’m trying to confirm L U M N I Brooecker's bipolar seesaw in deep N E W S water production between the Northern and Southern hemisphere during the Little Ice Age, Medieval Warm Period”, she says. Deborah has a second project which may bring her back to Hawai’i. This project will attempt to reconstruct changes in the El Niño-Southern Oscillation over the past 600 years. “According to model simulations, there is a large isotopic excursion in precipitation in Hawai’i during el Niños which should be recorded in trees” she says. Deborah is planning a trip to Catalina Island this summer to get some SCUBA diving in.

2006 Blade Shepherd-Jones (B.S. Marine Biology) received his M.S. in Education in 2008. He is a science teacher at his alma mater, Kalaheo High School on the windward side of O’ahu. Blade is a member of the Coast Guard Reserve in the capacity of search and rescue, and law enforcement. He is also working for local dive shops as a Dive Master. Colleen Hyde (B.S. Biology) returned home to the suburbs of Chicago after leaving HPU to begin a career as an veterinary assistant. She also received the “chance of a lifetime for recent graduate!” when she a marine mammal Internship at the John G. Shedd Aquarium in 2007. Most recently she has begun an exciting journey to Ecuador as a Peace Corp volunteer. Colleen’s mission will involve natural resource conservation and

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environmental education. Colleen “counts HPU as a major contributor to [her] diverse and ever-exciting life.”

monitoring efforts in Long Island A L M N works I Sound. Amanda U currently asN E W S a project scientist with Weston Solutions in San Antonio, Texas.

scientific publications, one published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Ramon plays the piano, likes tennis, and enjoys meeting new people.

Brittany Kilpatrick (Thornton) (B.S. Pre-medical Studies) lives in Amarillo, Texas and married last year. Brittany has recently begun pharmacy school to pursue her doctorate at Texas Tech Health and Sciences Center.

2007 Amanda Foldi (BS in Biology and Environmental Science) completed a Master’s degree in Climate and Society at Columbia University in 2008. She has interned at the International Research Institute, examining climate change and its present and long-term effects on agriculture in developing countries, and with the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Ocean Observing Regional Association where she researched

Ramon Go (B.S. Pre-medical Studies) is a medical student at Jefferson Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia, PA. Since leaving HPU, he has co-authored three

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COLLEGE OF NATURAL SCIENCES 45-045 Kamehameha Highway Kāne’ohe, Hawaii 96744-5297

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Keep us up to date on what’s going on in your life. Send your emails to: [email protected]

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FACULTY PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, & GRANTS PAST 3 YEARS CNS Spring 09 20 Stephen Allen Nunoura, T., Dowaki, K., Fushimi, C., Allen, S., Mészáros, E. and M. J. Antal, Jr. (2007) Performance of a First-Generation, Aqueous-Alkaline Biocarbon Fuel Cell. Industrial Engineering & Chemistry Research 46 (3), pp 734–744. Brian Bozlee Bozlee, B., M. Janebo, and G. Jahn (2008) A simplified model to predict the effect of increasing atmospheric CO2 on carbonate chemistry in the Ocean. Journal of Chemical Education 85(2) 213-217. Bozlee, B. (2007) Re-formulation of the Michaelis-Menten equation: how enzyme-catalyzed reactions depend on free energy. Journal of Chemical Education 84(1) 106-107. Grants Pending: NSF-MRI: Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer for Marine Chemistry and Lipid Biogeochemistry Research at Hawaii Pacific University, J. Fang and B. Bozlee. Susan M. Carstenn Miao, S.L., Carstenn, S.M., and M. Nungesser (Eds) 2009, Real World Ecology: Large-Scale and Long-Term Case Studies and Methods. Springer Publishing, New York. 312 pp. Presentations Carstenn, S.M. and S.L. Miao. Addressing BACIPS analytical challenges using a large-scale fire project in the Everglades. Accepted for EcoSummit 2007, Beijing, China, May 2007. Carstenn, S.M. Real World Environmental Science: Examples from Hawaii and Florida. University of Florida Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences Graduate Seminar, March 2007. Carstenn, S.M. and S.L. Miao. Addressing BACIPS design and analytical challenges using a large-scale fire project in the Everglades. Ecological Society of America Memphis, Tennessee, August 2006. Grants Funded Hawaii Pacific University Technology Grant, Fall 2006 Hawaii Pacific University Faculty Development Grant Fall 2006 Hawaii Pacific University Technology Grant, Spring 2006 Hawaii Pacific University Faculty Development Grant, Spring 2006 Yongli Chen Shembekar, V.R., Chen, Y., Carpenter, B.K., and G.P. Hess (2007) Coumarin-caged glycine that can be be photolyzed within 3 s by visible light. Biochemistry 46: 5479-84. John Culliney Culliney, J. 2006, Islands in a Far Sea: The Fate of Nature in Hawai`i (Revised Edition). University of Hawai`i Press, Honolulu. 420 p. Presentations Losing Ground: Life and Times of Nihoa and Necker Islands, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands National Monument. Point Reyes Bird Observatory, Bolinas, CA, February 2007. Hawai`i in the Balance (invited public lecture). Hawai`i Conservation Conference, Honolulu, July, 2006. Losing Ground: Life and Times of Nihoa and Necker Islands, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands National Monument. “After Dark at the Park” lecture series (invited public lecture). Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park, Volcano, Hawai`i, June, 2006. Stephen T. Dye Dye, S.T., W.F. McDonough, and J.M. Mahoney (2008) Geoneutrino measurements and models investigate deep earth. Eos 89: 433-434. Dye, S.T. and E. H. Guillian (2008) Estimating terrestrial uranium and thorium by antineutrino flux measurements. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105: 44-47.

FACULTY PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, & GRANTS PAST 3 YEARS

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Learned, J.G., S.T. Dye, S. Pakvasa, and R.C. Svoboda (2008) Determination of neutrino mass hierarchy and θ 13 with a remote detector of reactor antineutrinos. Physical Review D (Rapid Communications) 78 071302. J.G. Learned, S.T. Dye, and S. Pakvasa (2007) Hanohano: A deep ocean anti-neutrino detector for unique neutrino physics and geophysics studies. In Proceedings of the XII International Workshop on Neutrino Telescopes, Venice, March 6-9, Milla Baldo Ceolin [Ed.], pp. 235-269. Dye, S.T. [Ed.] (2007) Neutrino Geophysics: Proceedings of Neutrino Sciences 2005 (Springer, Netherlands). Dye, S.T. (2007) Science potential of a deep ocean antineutrino observatory. Nuclear Physics B (Proceedings Supplements) 168: 144-146. J.G. Learned, S.T. Dye, and S. Pakvasa (2006) Neutrino geophysics conference introduction. Earth, Moon, and Planets 99: 115. Dye, S.T., E. Guillian, J. G. Learned, J. Maricic, S. Matsuno, S. Pakvasa, G. Varner, and M. Wilcox (2006) Earth radioactivity measurements with a deep ocean anti-neutrino observatory. Earth, Moon, and Planets 99: 241-252. Dye, S.T. and S. Stein (2006) Exploring earth’s energetics and composition with geoneutrinos. Eos 87: 253. Presentations Neutrino Geosciences 2008, Sudbury, Canada, September 2008, ``Hanohano”. Neutrino Oscillation Workshop 2008, Lecce, Italy, September 2008, ``Geo-neutrinos: An overview”. Hawaii Pacific University, Kaneohe, HI, August 2008, ``When will we see geo-neutrinos?” Fall Faculty Scholarship Day. Neutrino 2008, Christchurch, New Zealand, May 2008, ``Hanohano- A Deep Ocean Antineutrino Observatory”. Neutrino Detection and Nuclear Monitoring Workshop, College Park, MD, January 2008. ``An Introduction to the Science Potential of a Portable, Deep-Ocean, Electron Anti-Neutrino Observatory”. Joint Meeting of Pacific Region Particle Physics Communities, Honolulu, HI, October 2006. ``The Science Potential of a Deep Ocean Antineutrino Observatory”. Neutrino Oscillation Workshop 2006, Lecce, Italy, September 2006 ``A Deep Ocean Antineutrino Observatory: An Introduction to the Science Potential of Hanohano”. Hawaii Pacific University, Kaneohe, HI, August 2006 ``Geo-neutrino Detection from the Oceanic Crust” at Fall Faculty Scholarship Day. American Geophysical Union’s Spring Meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 2006 ``Geo-neutrino Detection from the Oceanic Crust”. Hawaii Pacific University, Kaneohe, HI, January 2006 ``Neutrino Geophysics in Hawaii” at Spring Faculty Scholarship Day. Grants pending Submitted to the National Science Foundation. "Cooperative Studies of the Earth's Deep Interior: Collaborative Research Between Geology and Particle Physics". Jiasong Fang Fang, J. and D. A. Bazylinski (2008) Deep-sea geomicrobiology. In: High-Pressure Microbiology, C. Michiels and D. H. Bartlett [eds.], American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C. pp. 237-264. Fang, J. and C. Kato (In Press) Deep-sea piezophilic bacteria: geomicrobiology and biotechnology. In: Geomicrobiology: Biodiversity and Biotechnology, S. K. Jain [ed.], Blackwell Publishing. Fang, J. and C. Kato (2007) FAS or PKS, lipid biosynthesis and stable carbon isotope fractionation in deep-sea piezophilic bacteria. In: Communicating Current Research and Educational Topics and Trends in Applied Microbiology (2007), The Formatex Microbiology Book Series, A. Méndez-Vilas [ed.], Formatex Center, Spain, pp. 190-200.

FACULTY PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS, & GRANTS

PAST 3 YEARS

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Fang, J., S. D. Gupta, S. T. Hasiotis, S. S. Brake, and D. A. Bazylinski (2007) Microbial community structure of a stromatolite from an acid mine drainage system, implications for the role of microeukaryotes in the formation of ancient Fe-rich stromatolites. Chemical Geology 243: 191-204. Fang, J., D. Y. Lyon, P. J. J. Alvarez, M. Wiesner, and J. Dong (2007) Effect of a fullerene water suspension on bacterial phospholipids and membrane phase behavior. Environmental Science and Technology 41: 2636-2642. Fang, J., S. Arakawa, C. Kato, and S. Schouten (2006) Microbial diversity of cold-seep sediments in Sagami Bay, Japan determined by 16S rDNA and lipid analyses. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 57: 429-441. Fang, J., M. Uhle, K. Billmark, D.H. Bartlett, and C. Kato (2006) Fractionation of carbon isotopes in biosynthesis of fatty acids by a piezophilic bacterium Moritella japonica DSK1. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 70: 1753-1760. Fang, J., C. Chan, R.M. Joeckel, Y. Huang, Y. Wang, D.A. Bazylinski, and T.B. Moorman (2006) Biomarker analysis of microbial diversity in sediments of a saline groundwater seep of Salt Basin, Nebraska. Organic Geochemistry 37: 912-931. Book Reviews Fang, J., (2006) Book review (invited). Energy, Waste and the Environment: a Geochemical Perspective, by R. Gieré and P. Stille. Geoderma 131: 251-253. Co-Convener, Session B16: Current Applications of Phospholipid Analyses Across the Biogeosciences, American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, December 14-19, 2008, San Francisco, California. Abstracts Gupta, S., and Fang, J., 2008. Microbial Communities in Biofilms of an Acid Mine Drainage Site Determined by Phospholipid Analysis. American Geophysical Union Annual Fall Meeting, December 14-19, 2006, San Francisco, CA. Fang, J., Gupta, S., Hasiotis, S. T., Brake, S. S., McLean, M.A., and Bazylinski, D. A., 2008. Wax esters synthesized by acidophilic eukaryote Euglena mutabilis: biochemical relics of the anaerobic past of the Earth? The 2008 Goldschmidt Conference, Vancouver, Canada, July 13-18, 2008. Fang, J., Gupta, S., Hasiotis, S. T., Brake, S. S., McLean, M.A., and Bazylinski, D. A., 2007. Wax esters synthesized by acidophilic eukaryote Euglena mutabilis: biochemical relics of the anaerobic past of the Earth. Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, October 28-31, 2007, Denver, CO. McLean, M.A., Fang, J., Gupta, S., Brake, S. S., Hasiotis, S. T., and Bazylinski, D. A., 2007. Cyanobacteria, An Unexpected Microbe in Acid Mine Drainage. Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, October 28-31, 2007, Denver, CO. Fang, J., Hasiotis, S. T., Gupta, S., Brake, S. S., and Bazylinski, D. A., 2007. Microbial biomass and community structure of a stromatolite from an acid mine drainage system as determined by lipid analysis. GSA NC-SC Joint Section Meeting, April 11-13, 2007, Lawrence, KS. Fang, J., Lyon, D. Y., Alvarez, P. J. J., Wiesner, M., and Dong, J., 2007. Effect of a fullerene water suspension on bacterial phospholipids and membrane phase behavior. International Congress of Toxicology 2007, July 15-19, 2007, Montreal, Canada. Fang, J., Lyon, D. Y., Alvarez, P. J. J., Wiesner, M., and Dong, J., 2007. Modifications in phospholipids and membrane phase behavior of bacteria exposed to fullerene. The 3rd International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology (EST2007), August 6-9, Houston, TX. Fang, J., Shizuka, A., Kato, C., and Schouten, S., 2006. Microbial diversity of cold-seep sediments in Sagami Bay, Japan as determined by 16S rDNA and lipid analyses. American Geophysical Union Annual Fall Meeting, December 11-15, 2006, San Francisco, CA. Fang, J., Simpkins, W. W., Das Gupta, S., and Werne, J., 2006. Lipid characterization of microbial communities in groundwater adjacent to a freshwater lake in north-central Iowa. The Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, October 22-25, 2006, Philadelphia, PA. Meetings and Symposia Presentations Fang, J., Hasiotis, S. T., Gupta, S., Brake, S. S., and Bazylinski, D. A., 2007. Microbial biomass and community structure of a stromatolite from an acid mine drainage system as determined by lipid analysis. GSA NC-SC Joint Section Meeting, April 11-13, 2007, Lawrence, KS. Fang, J., Simpkins, W. W., Das Gupta, S., and Werne, J., 2006. Lipid characterization of microbial communities in groundwater adjacent to a freshwater lake in north-central Iowa. The Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, October 22-25, 2006, Philadelphia, PA. Invited Lectures Piezophilic bacteria and marine biogeochemistry. Yangtze University, Jinzhou, China, July 16, 2008.

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Piezophilic bacteria and marine biogeochemistry. Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China, March 20, 2008. Microbial responses in membrane composition and phase behavior to fullerenes. China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China, March 18, 2008. th

Alterations in phospholipids and membrane phase behavior of bacteria exposed to fullerene. The 4 International Symposium on Persistent Toxic Substances in the Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, Nov. 18-21, 2007. Modifications in phospholipids and membrane phase behavior of bacteria exposed to fullerene. Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, November 2007. Biogeochemistry of a shallow sand aquifer contaminated with JP-4 fuel hydrocarbons. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, March, 2007. Effect of a fullerene water suspension on bacterial phospholipids and membrane phase behavior. Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, ISU, December, 2006. Grants Funded 2008 MRI: Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer for Marine Chemistry and Lipid Biogeochemistry Research at Hawaii Pacific University, by National Science Foundation ($91,767; PI: Horgen). 2007 Colloid-Mediated Transport of Hormones with Land-Applied Manure, by U.S. Department of Agriculture ($300K; PI: Horton). 2006 Assessing the ecotoxicity of nanomaterials and identifying biomarkers in bacteria exposed to nanomaterials, by University of Iowa Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research ($27,959). Warren S.T. Hays Hays, W. S. T; S. Conant. 2007. Impact of the small Indian mongoose (Herpestes javanicus) (Carnivora: Herpestidae) on native vertebrate populations in areas of introduction. Pacific Science, 61: 3-16. Hays, W. S. T.; D. Simberloff. 2006. A morphometric trend linked to male sociality in the small Indian mongoose, Herpestes javanicus, in Hawaii. Acta Theriologica, 51: 303-310. F. David Horgen Adams, B., Pörzgen, P., Yoshida, W. Y., Westenburg, H. E., Horgen, F. D. (2008) Isolation and Structure determination of malevamide E, a new dolastatin 14 analogue, from the marine cyanobacterium Symploca laete-viridis. Journal of Natural Products 71:750-754. Ju, Z.Y., Forster, I., Conquest, L., Dominy, W., Kuo, W.C., Horgen, F.D. (2008) Microbial community structures of shrimp floc cultures determined by biomarkers and their amino acid profiles. Aquaculture Nutrition 39:118-133. Presentations Poerzgen, P., Starkus, J., Pittman, E., Layugan, K., Fleig, A., Penner, R., Horgen, F.D. Modulation of transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels by sponge metabolites. Gordon Research Conference on Marine Natural Products, Ventura, California, February 24-29, 2008. Jiménez, J.I., Sakamoto, B., Redwine, J., Vansach, T., Horgen, F.D. New chlorinated lipopeptides and a depsipeptide from the eastern Caribbean cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula. The 48th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Pharmacognosy, Portland, Oregon, July 12-18, 2007. Poerzgen, P., Bryan, C., Horgen, F.D., Turner, H., Penner, R. Screening of marine microbe, algae, and invertebrate extracts for agonism and antagonism of human TRPM2 cation channels. Gordon Research Conference on Marine Natural Products, Ventura, California, February 26-March 3, 2006.

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Grants Funded 2008 Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer for marine chemistry and lipid biogeochemistry research at Hawaii Pacific University ($91,767), National Science Foundation (CHE 0821867, PI: F.D. Horgen) 2008 Isolation and Characterization of Cardioactive Compounds from Hawaii Box Jellyfish Venom ($17,850), Hawaii Community Foundation (PI: A. Yanagihara) 2008 TRPV pharmacophores from cnidarian venom ($50,000), National Institutes of Health (NIDA R21 DA024444-01A1, PI: A. Yanagihara) K. David Hyrenbach Hyrenbach, D., H. Nevins, M. Hester, C. Keiper, S. Webb, and J. Harvey (2009) Seabirds indicate plastic pollution in the marine environment: quantifying spatial patterns and trends in Alaska. In: Proceedings of the Marine Debris in Alaska-Coordinating our Efforts Symposium 2008, pp. 44-46. Alaska Sea Grant, Anchorage, AK. Hyrenbach, K.D. (2008) Around our necks. (Letter to the editor). Natural History 115 (5): 6. Hyrenbach, K.D. (2008) Applying spatially-explicit measures for albatross conservation. In: De Roi, T., Jones, M., and Fitter, J. [Eds]. Albatross: Their World, Their Ways, pp. 118-120. Firefly Books, Buffalo, NY. Hebshi AJ, D.C. Duffy, and K.D. Hyrenbach (2008) Associations between seabirds and subsurface predators around Oahu, Hawaii. Aquatic Biology 4:89-98. McClatchie, S., R. Goericke, J. A. Koslow, F. B. Schwing, S. J. Bograd, R. Charter, W.Watson, N. Lo, K. Hill, J. Gottschalk, M. L’Heureux, Y. Xue, W. T. Peterson, R. Emmett, C. Collins, G. Gaxiola-Castro, R. Durazo, M. Kahru, B. G. Mitchell, K. D. Hyrenbach, W.J. Sydeman, R.W. Bradley, P. Warzybok, and E. Bjorkstedt (2008) The state of the California Current, 2007-2008: La Nina conditions and their effects on the ecosystem. California Cooperative of Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Reports 49: 39-76. Presentations Oral Communications: 2009 First International Conference on Marine Mammal Protected Areas, March 29-April 3, Maui, Hawaii, “Criteria for marine mammal critical habitat to make MPA networks more effective”. 2008 North Pacific Marine Science Organization Meeting, October 23 - November 2, Dalian, China, “Ship-based observations of mesoscale eddies in the Gulf of Alaska”. 2008 Marine Debris Awareness Month - October 9, Hanauma Bay, HI, “Seabirds as indicators of plastic pollution in the marine environment”. 2008 Hawaii Conservation Conference, July 28-31, Oahu, HI, “Seabirds indicate plastic pollution in the marine environment: quantifying spatial patterns and trends”. 2008 AAAS - Pacific Region, June 15-20, Big Island, HI, “Wings without borders: tracking albatross across the North Pacific”. 2008 NOAA Marine Debris Conference. April 2-3, Bethesda, MD, “Plastic ingestion by seabirds used to quantify and evaluate trends in marine pollution”. 2008 Marine Debris in Alaska Conference. February 14-16, Anchorage, AK, “Seabirds indicate plastic pollution in the marine environment: quantifying spatial patterns and trends in Alaska”. Poster Communications Lavender, K., Morét, S., Hyrenbach, D., Titmus, A. 2009. Marine Debris in the Pacific Ocean: Quantifying the "Eastern Garbage Patch". American Society of Limnology and Oceanography - Nice, (France). 25 – 30 January 2009. NOAA Marine Debris Conference, April 2-3, 2008, Bethesda, MD. Tracking albatross and trash across borders: a tool for integrated ocean, coastal, and watershed conservation. C. A. Keiper, H. Nevins, K. D. Hyrenbach, M. M. Hester, C. Baduini, J. Adams, C. Moore, J. Stock, and S.Webb.

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Pacific Seabird Group Conference, February 27 – March 2, 2008, Blaine, WA. Macroecological patterns in North Pacific ecosystem dynamics: spatio-temporal co-variation in upper and lower trophic level diversity and productivity from Canada to Japan. M. F. Henry, S. D. Batten, K. D. Hyrenbach, K. H. Morgan, and W. J. Sydeman. Outreach Presentations January 17, February 14, March 4, April 25, May 2, October 23, 2008, “Wings without borders: tracking albatross across the North Pacific”. Web-based presentations to teachers involved in the ACES program. http://www.signalsofspring.net/aces/visitor_partners.cfm?section=partners Grants Funded 2008 National Fish and Wildlife Foundation Marine Debris Program: North Pacific Plastic Debris and Seabird Research Cruise, Hyrenbach, Lavender, $39,863. 2008 HPU TSEP: Do illegal fisheries in the high seas threaten Hawaiian albatross? Hyrenbach, Hester, $5,000. 2009 Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR): Foraging ecology of two Hawaiian seabird guilds: Tuna birds (Wedge-tailed Shearwaters and Red-footed Boobies) versus solitary foragers (Brown Boobies and Red-tailed Tropicbirds), Young, Hyrenbach, Shaffer, and Suryan, $33,000. 2009 National Fish and Wildlife Foundation Marine Debris Program: Non-lethal assessment of plastic ingestion in live seabirds, Hyrenbach, Titmus, $33,867. Samuel E. Kahng Wagner, D., Kahng, S.E., and R.J. Toonen (in press) Observations on the life history and feeding ecology of a specialized nudibranch predator (Phyllodesmium poindimiei), and implications for biocontrol of an invasive octocoral (Carijoa riisei) in Hawaii. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. Kahng, S.E., D. Wagner, N. Rothe, and Y. Benayahu (2008) Sexual reproduction in Carijoa riisei (Octocorallia: Clavulariidae) in Hawaii. Bulletin of Marine Science 82(1):1-17. Concepcion, G., M. Crepeau, D. Wagner, S.E. Kahng, and R.J. Toonen (2008) An alternative to ITS – a hypervariable, single copy nuclear intron in corals, and its use in detecting cryptic species within the octocoral genus Carijoa. Coral Reefs 27(2):323-336. Kahng, S.E. and C. Kelley (2007) Vertical zonation of habitat forming benthic species on the deep reef (60-150m) in the Au’au Channel, Hawaii. Coral Reefs 26(3):679-687. Wagner, D., S.E. Kahng, and R.J. Toonen (2007) New report of predators (order Nudibranchia) of the alien Octocoral Carijoa riisei in the main Hawaiian Islands. Coral Reefs 26(2):411. Kahng, S.E. and J.E. Maragos (2006) The deepest zooxanthellate, scleractinian corals in the world? Coral Reefs 25(2):254. Seminars, Conference Presentations & Abstracts 2007 Louisiana State University, School of the Coast and Environment (invited speaker) 2006 Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii (invited speaker) 2006 Hawaii Conservation Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii 2006 ALSO/TOC Ocean Sciences Meeting, Honolulu, Hawaii Grants Funded 2006 Impact of Carijoa riisei on the deep reef, Sea Grant College Program, R.W. Grigg, S.E. Kahng, $9,356. 2006 Ecological Impacts of Carijoa riisei on black coral habitat, Western Pacific Fisheries Management Council, R.W. Grigg, S.E. Kahng, $61,000. Science Expeditions May-Nov., 2007: Scientific Diver, Aquatic Farms under contract for NOAA NMFS Coral Reef Ecosystems Division NWHI Marine Debris Project – Kure, Pearl & Hermes, French Frigate Shoals, Laysan. Oct. 21-27, 2006: Chief Scientist, Hawaii Undersea Research Laboratory (R/V KOK) Deep water coral survey of the Au’au Channel, Maui.

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Keith Korsmeyer McKenzie, D. J., J. F. Steffensen, K. Korsmeyer, N. M. Whiteley, P. Bronzi, and E. W. Taylor (2007) Swimming alters responses to hypoxia in the Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii. Journal of Fish Biology 70:2 651-658. Non Peer-Reviewed publication by HPU undergraduate Laurie Sorenson, B.S. Environmental Science 2007 Sorenson, L. and K. Korsmeyer (2007) Examining morphological characteristics of triggerfish: a three-dimensional reconstruction of skeletal and muscular features of Rhinecanthus rectangulus. Journal of Young Investigators, February, 2007 [Electronic Version] http://www.jyi.org/research/re.php?id=930. Presentations 2008 “How much energy do reef fish use to swim?” Hanauma Bay Nature Preserve Outreach Program, July 17, 2008, Hanauma Bay, HI. 2006 “Integrating computer data-acquisition and active learning in a science laboratory course: results of a new curriculum for comparative animal physiology”. Hawaii Pacific University Faculty Scholarship Day, August 31, 2006, Kaneohe, HI. 2006 “From physics to physiology, a spread of curricular reform”. Physics Education Research Conference: Discipline-based Education Research in Other STEM Disciplines. July 26-27, 2006, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY. Kristi L. West West, K.L, Walker, W.A., Baird, R.W., White, .W., Levine, G., Brown, E. and T. Schofield (In Press) Diet of pygmy sperm whales (Kogia breviceps) in the Hawaiian Archipelago. Marine Mammal Science. West, K.L, Mead, J.M. and W. White (In Press) Steno bredanensis, Rough-toothed dolphin. Mammalian Species. West, K.L., Oftedal, O.T., Carpenter, J., Krames, B.J., Campbell, M. and J.C. Sweeney. 2007. Effect of stage of lactation and concurrent pregnancy on milk composition in bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus. Journal of Zoology 273(2):148-160. Conference Presentations: Christensen, C.L., Blanchard, T.W. and K.L. West. 2008. Peripheral nerve sheath tumor in a pygmy killer whale (Feresa attenuata). The annual meeting of the American College of Veterinary Pathology. San Antonio, TX November 2008. rd

West, K.L. 2008. What do pygmy sperm whales eat? Insights from cetacean strandings. 3 Annual Pacific Islands Region Marine Mammal Response Network Meeting, Honolulu, HI. June 2008. West, K.L., Oftedal, O.T. and C.W. Potter. 2007. The nutritional content of bottlenose dolphin prey from the shallow waters of Belize. Smithsonian Marine Science Symposium, Washington, DC, November 2007. West, K.L. 2006. The value of collecting Pieces and Parts: Reproduction in the rough-toothed dolphin. Pacific Islands Regional Stranding Conference, Honolulu, HI. July 2006. Student Presentation: rd White, A.W. 2008. Stranding Program Update. 2008. 3 Annual Pacific Islands Region Marine Mammal Response Network Meeting, Honolulu, HI. June 2008. Currently Funded and Submitted Grants: NOAA, Prescott Grant Program. 2007 ($100,000 funded) NOAA, Prescott Grant Program, 2008 ($100,000 funded) NOAA, Prescott Grant Program, 2009 ($100,000 funded) Christopher D. Winn Winn, C.D., A.J. Shelton, L.N. Kearns and D.A. Ziemann. 2006. High Precision Time-Series Measurements of pH in Kaneohe Bay, Eos Trans. AGU 87(36) Ocean Science Meet. Suppl. Abstract OS35E-13