Chapter1 (1).docx

CHAPTER-1 : INTRODUCTION TO THE COMPANY & INDUSTRY COMPANY PROFILE

Galvin Manufacturing Corporation (1928-1930) Former type Public Telecommunications Industry Divided into Motorola Mobility and Motorola Fate Solutions Motorola Mobility Motorola Solutions NXP Semiconductors ON Semiconductor Successor Arris Group (General Instrument) Cambium Networks September 25, 1928; 90 Founded years ago Paul and Joseph Galvin Founders January 4, 2011; 8 years Defunct ago 1303 East Algonquin Headquarters Road, Schaumburg, Illinois Formerly

Area served

Products

Total assets

Number of employees Divisions Website

, U.S.[1] Worldwide Tablet computers Mobile phones Smartphones Two-way radios Networking systems Cable television systems Wireless broadband networks RFID systems Mobile telephone infrastructure  US$ 11.851 billion (2013)[2]  US$ 12.679 billion (2012)[2] 40,000 (2014)[3] Mobile Phone Devices Connected Home Solutions Network Home Solutions www.motorola.com

Electronic communications pioneer Motorola, Inc. is a leading designer and manufacturer of cellular phones, cordless phones, two-way radios, pagers, cable modems, broadband set-top boxes, and other communications products and systems. The company is the world's number two maker of mobile phones (trailing Nokia Corporation), with a market share of about 17 percent, and is number one worldwide in two-way radios. Through its Semiconductor Products Sector, Motorola is also the world's leading producer of embedded processors, with an emphasis on such high-growth areas as wireless communications, transportation, and

Internet networking. Additionally, Motorola's Integrated Electronic Systems Sector designs and manufactures a wide variety of electronic components and systems for the automotive, computer, industrial, transportation, navigation, energy, consumer, and lighting markets. Nearly 60 percent of Motorola's sales are generated outside the United States. Motorola has gained recognition over the years for its emphasis on quality, for which it garnered the first annual malcolm baldrige national quality awardin 1988, and for its innovative employee welfare and training programs.

HISTORY OF MOTOROLA Motorola, Inc. (/ˌmoʊtəˈroʊlə/[4]) was an American multinational telecommunications company founded on September 25, 1928, based in Schaumburg, Illinois. After having lost $4.3 billion from 2007 to 2009, the company was divided into two independent public companies, Motorola Mobility and Motorola Solutions on January 4, 2011.[5] Motorola Solutions is generally considered to be the direct successor to Motorola, as the reorganization was structured with Motorola Mobility being spun off.[6] Motorola Mobility was sold to Google in 2012, and acquired by Lenovo in 2014.[7] Motorola designed and sold wireless network equipment such as cellular transmission base stations and signal amplifiers. Motorola's home and broadcast network products included set-top boxes, digital video recorders, and network equipment used to enable video broadcasting, computer telephony, and high-definition television. Its business and government customers consisted mainly of wireless voice and broadband systems (used to build private networks), and public safety communications systems like Astro and Dimetra. These businesses (except for set-top boxes and cable modems) are now part of Motorola Solutions. Google sold Motorola Home (the former General Instrument cable businesses) to the Arris Group in December 2012 for US$2.35 billion.[8] Motorola's wireless telephone handset division was a pioneer in cellular telephones. Also known as the Personal Communication Sector (PCS) prior to 2004, it pioneered the "mobile phone" with DynaTAC, "flip phone" with the MicroTAC, as well as the "clam phone" with the StarTAC in the

mid-1990s. It had staged a resurgence by the mid-2000s with the Razr, but lost market share in the second half of that decade. Later it focused on smartphones using Google's open-source Android mobile operating system. The first phone to use the newest version of Google's open source OS, Android 2.0, was released on November 2, 2009 as the Motorola Droid (the GSM version launched a month later, in Europe, as the Motorola Milestone). The handset division (along with cable set-top boxes and cable modems divisions, which would later be sold to Arris Group) was later spun off into the independent Motorola Mobility. On May 22, 2012, Google CEO Larry Page announced that Google had closed on its deal to acquire Motorola Mobility.[9] On January 29, 2014, Page announced that, pending closure of the deal, Motorola Mobility would be acquired by Chinese technology company Lenovo for US$2.91 billion (subject to certain adjustments).[10] On October 30, 2014, Lenovo finalized its purchase of Motorola Mobility from Google. Motorola started in Chicago, Illinois, as Galvin Manufacturing Corporation (at 847 West Harrison Street)[12] in 1928 when brothers Paul V. and Joseph E. Galvin[13][14] purchased the bankrupt Stewart Battery Company's batteryeliminator plans and manufacturing equipment at auction for $750. Galvin Manufacturing Corporation set up shop in a small section of a rented building. The company had $565 in working capital and five employees. The first week's payroll was $63. The company's first products were the battery eliminators, devices that enabled battery-powered radios to operate on household electricity. Due to advances in radio technology, battery-eliminators soon became obsolete. Paul Galvin learned that some radio technicians were installing sets in cars, and challenged his engineers to design an inexpensive car radio that could be installed in most vehicles. His team was successful, and Galvin was able to demonstrate a working model of the radio at the June 1930 Radio Manufacturers Association convention in Atlantic City, New Jersey. He brought home enough orders to keep the company in business. Paul Galvin wanted a brand name for Galvin Manufacturing Corporation's new car radio, and created the name “Motorola” by linking "motor" (for motorcar) with "ola" (from Victrola), which was also a popular ending for many companies at the time, e.g. Moviola, Crayola.[15] The company sold

its first Motorola branded radio on June 23, 1930, to Herbert C. Wall of Fort Wayne, Indiana, for $30. Wall went on to become one of the first Motorola distributors in the country. The Motorola brand name became so well known that Galvin Manufacturing Corporation later changed its name to Motorola, Inc.[16] Galvin Manufacturing Corporation began selling Motorola car-radio receivers to police departments and municipalities in November 1930. The company's first public safety customers (all in the U.S. state of Illinois) included the Village of River Forest, Village of Bellwood Police Department, City of Evanston Police, Illinois State Highway Police, and Cook County (Chicago area) Police with a one-way radio communication.[17] In the same year, the company built its research and development program with Dan Noble, a pioneer in FM radio and semiconductor technologies, who joined the company as director of research. The company produced the hand-held AM SCR-536 radio during World War II, which was vital to Allied communication. Motorola ranked 94th among United States corporations in the value of World War II military production contracts.[18] Motorola went public in 1943,[19] and became Motorola, Inc. in 1947. At that time Motorola's main business was producing and selling televisions and radios. Post World War II In October 1946 Motorola communications equipment carried the first calls on Illinois Bell telephone company's new car radiotelephone service in Chicago. The company began making televisions in 1947, with the model VT-71 with 7-inch cathode ray tube. In 1952, Motorola opened its first international subsidiary in Toronto, Ontario, Canada to produce radios and televisions. In 1953, the company established the Motorola Foundation to support leading universities in the United States. In 1955, years after Motorola started its research and development laboratory in Phoenix, Arizona, to research new solid-state technology, Motorola introduced the world's first commercial high-power germaniumbased transistor. The present "batwing" logo was also introduced in 1955 (having been created by award-winning Chicago graphic designer Morton Goldsholl in late 1954).

Beginning in 1958, with Explorer 1 Motorola provided radio equipment for most NASA space-flights for decades, including the 1969 moon landing. A year later it established a subsidiary to conduct licensing and manufacturing for international markets. Motorola created numerous products for use by the government, public safety officials, business installments, and the general public. In 1960, it introduced the world's first large-screen portable (19-inch), transistorized, cordless television. According to the 1962 Illinois Manufacturers Directory (50th-anniversary edition), Motorola had 14,000 employees worldwide of which at least 5,823 employees in 6 plants were located in Illinois. The company headquarters were at 9401 West Grand Avenue in Franklin Park and it listed TV receivers, Stereo-Hi Fi equipment as the products at this plant made by 1,700 employees. The Communications Division was in Chicago at 4545 West Augusta Blvd. where 2,000 employees made electronic communications equipment. The Military Electronics Division was at 1450 North Cicero Avenue, Chicago where 923 employees made microwave and industrial equipment. Two more Chicago locations were listed at 4900 West Flourney Street and at 650 North Pulaski but no employee count was listed for these. The last plant was listed in Quincy, Illinois at 1400 North 30th Street where 1,200 employees made radio assemblies for both home and automobile.[20] In 1963, it introduced the first rectangular color picture tube. In 1964, the company opened its first Research and development branch outside of the United States, in Israel, under the management of Moses Basin. The modular Quasar brand was introduced in 1967. In 1969, Neil Armstrong spoke the famous words "one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind" from the Moon on a Motorola transceiver.[21] In 1973, Motorola demonstrated the first hand-held portable telephone.[22][23] In 1974, Motorola introduced its first microprocessor, the 8-bit MC6800, used in automotive, computing and video game applications.[24] That same year, Motorola sold its television business to the Japan-based Matsushita, the parent company of Panasonic.

In 1976, Motorola moved its headquarters to the Chicago suburb of Schaumburg, Illinois. In 1980, Motorola's next generation 32-bit microprocessor, the MC68000, led the wave of technologies that spurred the computing revolution in 1984, powering devices from companies such as Apple, Commodore, Atari, Sun, and Hewlett Packard.[25]

Dr. Martin Cooper of Motorola made the first private handheld mobile phone call on a larger prototype model in 1973. This is a reenactment in 2007. In September 1983, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approved the DynaTAC 8000X telephone, the world's first commercial cellular device. By 1998, cell phones accounted for two-thirds of Motorola's gross revenue.[26] The company was also strong in semiconductor technology, including integrated circuits used in computers. In particular, it is known for the 6800 family and 68000 family of microprocessors and related peripheral ICs; the processors were used in Atari ST, Commodore Amiga, Color Computer, and Apple Macintosh personal computers and in the early HP laser printers, and some 6800-family peripheral devices were used in the IBM PC series of personal computers.[27] The PowerPC family was developed with IBM and in a partnership with Apple (known as the AIM alliance). Motorola also has a diverse line of communication products, including satellite systems, digital cable boxes and modems. In 1986, Motorola invented the Six Sigma quality improvement process. This became a global standard. In 1990 General Instrument Corporation, which was later acquired by Motorola, proposed the first all-digital HDTV standard. In the same year, the company introduced the Bravo numeric pager which became the world's best-selling pager. In 1991, Motorola demonstrated the world's first working-prototype digital cellular system and phones using GSM standard in Hanover, Germany. In 1994, Motorola introduced the world's first commercial digital radio system that combined paging, data and cellular communications and voice dispatch in a single radio network and handset. In 1995, Motorola

introduced the world's first two-way pager which allowed users to receive text messages and e-mail and reply with a standard response. In 1997, to optimize cell phone production with room for future growth, production was moved to the new giant factory in Harvard, Il. Later with Motorola losing market share, phone assembly was moved to Fort Worth, Tx. leaving the Harvard facility. In 1998, Motorola was overtaken by Nokia as the world's biggest seller of mobile phone handsets.[21] On September 15, 1999, Motorola announced it would buy General Instrument in an $11-billion stock swap. General Instrument had long been the No. 1 cable TV equipment provider, supplying cable operators with endto-end hybrid fiber coax cable solutions. This meant that GI offers all cable TV transmission network components from the head-end to the fiber optic transmission nodes to the cable set-top boxes and cable modems, now at the availability of Motorola. GI's acquisition created the Broadband Communications Sector (BCS). In 1999, Motorola separated a portion of its semiconductor business—the Semiconductor Components Group (SCG)-- and formed ON Semiconductor, whose headquarters are located in Phoenix, Arizona.[28] In June 2000, Motorola and Cisco supplied the world's first commercial GPRS cellular network to BT Cellnet in the United Kingdom. The world's first GPRS cell phone was also developed by Motorola. In August 2000, with recent acquisitions, Motorola reached its peak employment of 150,000 employees worldwide.[29] Two years later, employment would be at 93,000 due to layoffs and spinoffs. In 2002, Motorola introduced the world's first wireless cable modem gateway which combined a high-speed cable modem router with an ethernet switch and wireless home gateway. In 2003, Motorola introduced the world's first handset to combine a Linux operating system and Java technology with "full PDA functionality". In 2004, Motorola divested its whole semiconductor business to form Freescale Semiconductor. The Motorola Razr became one of the most influential mobile phones of all time, reaching 130 million sales

The Motorola RAZR line sold over 130 million units,[30] which brought the company to the number two mobile phone slot in 2005. In June 2005, Motorola overtook the intellectual property of Sendo for $30,000 and paid £362,575 for the plant, machinery and equipment.[31] In June 2006, Motorola acquired the software platform (AJAR) developed by the British company TTP Communications plc.[32] Later in 2006, the firm announced a music subscription service named iRadio. The technology came after a break in a partnership with Apple Computer (which in 2005 had produced an iTunes compatible cell phone ROKR E1, and most recently, mid-2007, its own iPhone). iRadio has many similarities with existing satellite radio services (such as Sirius and XM Radio) by offering live streams of commercial-free music content. Unlike satellite services, however, iRadio content will be downloaded via a broadband internet connection. As of 2008, iRadio has not been commercially released and no further information is available.[33] Motorola's mobile phones business failed to repeat the success of the highly popular RAZR phone, leading to it becoming rapidly dwindled.[34] In 2006 the company's mobile phone market share was about 23% but by the end of 2007 it dropped to 12%, falling to third place behind Samsung.[35] It was further halved again, to 6%, by 2009,[36] by which time the market share was overtaken by LG, and by 2010 was overtaken by Research In Motion, Sony Ericsson and Apple.[37][38] The company's shares also more than halved during the period[39] and caused large losses.[40] Motorola managed to recover with the release of the Motorola Droid in late 2009 with Verizon Wireless, which sold in good numbers and made the phone division profitable again by late 2010.[41] In 2007, Motorola acquired Symbol Technologies to provide products and systems for enterprise mobility solutions, including rugged mobile computing, advanced data capture, and radio frequency identification (RFID). In 2010, Motorola sold its cellular-infrastructure business to Nokia Siemens Networks for $1.2 billion.

Finances

Motorola's handset division recorded a loss of US$1.2 billion in the fourth quarter of 2007, while the company as a whole earned $100 million during that quarter.[49] It lost several key executives to rivals,[50] and the web site TrustedReviews called the company's products repetitive and uninnovative.[51] Motorola laid off 3,500 workers in January 2008,[52] followed by a further 4,000 job cuts in June[53] and another 20% cut of its research division a few days later.[54] In July 2008, a large number of executives left Motorola to work on Apple Inc.'s iPhone.[55] The company's handset division was also put on offer for sale.[56] Also that month, analyst Mark McKechnie from American Technology Research said that Motorola "would be lucky to fetch $500 million" for selling its handset business. Analyst Richard Windsor said that Motorola might have to pay someone to take the division off the company's hands, and that Motorola may even exit the handset market altogether.[57] Its global market share has been on the decline; from 18.4% of the market in 2007 the company had a share of just 6.0% by Q1 2009, but at last Motorola scored a profit of $26 million in Q2 and showed an increase of 12% in stocks for the first time after losses in many quarters. During the second quarter of 2010, the company reported a profit of $162 million, which compared very favorably to the $26 million earned for the same period the year before. Its Mobile Devices division reported, for the first time in years, earnings of $87 million. Motorola, post-split In January 2011, Motorola split into two separate companies, each still using the word Motorola as part of its name. One company, Motorola Solutions (using a blue version of the Motorola logo), is based in the Chicago suburb of Schaumburg, Illinois, and concentrates on police technologies, radios, and commercial needs. The other company, Motorola Mobility (using a red logo), is based in Chicago (formerly at 600 US-45, Libertyville, Illinois), and is the mobile handset producer. The split was structured so that Motorola Solutions was the legal successor of the original Motorola, while Motorola Mobility was the spin-off. On August 15, 2011, Google announced that it would purchase Motorola Mobility for about $12.5 billion.[43] On November 17, 2011, Motorola Mobility stockholders “voted overwhelmingly to approve the proposed merger with Google Inc”.[44]

On May 22, 2012, Google announced that the acquisition of Motorola Mobility Holdings, Inc. had closed, with Google acquiring MMI for $40.00 per share in cash. ($12.5 billion)[45] On October 30, 2014, Google sold off Motorola Mobility to Lenovo. The purchase price was approximately US$2.91 billion (subject to certain adjustments), including US$1.41 billion paid at close: US $660 million in cash and US$750 million in Lenovo ordinary shares (subject to a share cap/floor). The remaining US$1.5 billion was paid in the form of a threeyear promissory note.[46] After the purchase, Google maintained ownership of the vast majority of the Motorola Mobility patent portfolio, including current patent applications and invention disclosures, while Lenovo received a license to the portfolio of patents and other intellectual property. Additionally, Lenovo received over 2,000 patent assets, as well as the Motorola Mobility brand and trademark portfolio SUBSIDIARY Motorola Mobility LLC is a U.S.-based consumer electronics and telecommunications company owned by Chinese technology firm Lenovo Group Limited. The company primarily manufactures smartphones and other mobile devices running the Android operating system developed by Google. Motorola Mobility was formed on January 4, 2011 after a split of Motorola Inc. into two separate companies, with Motorola Mobility assuming the company's consumer-oriented product lines (including its mobile phone business, as well as its cable modems and pay television set-top boxes), and Motorola Solutions assuming the company's enterprise-oriented product lines. In May 2012 Google acquired Motorola Mobility for US$12.5 billion; the main intent of the purchase was to gain Motorola's patent portfolio, in order to protect other Android vendors from litigation. Under Google, Motorola increased its focus on the entry-level smartphone market, and under the Google ATAP division, began development on Project Ara—a platform for modular smartphones with interchangeable components. Shortly after the purchase, Google sold Motorola Mobility's cable modem and set-top box business to Arris Group.

Google's ownership of the company was short-lived. In January 2014, Google announced that it would sell Motorola Mobility to Chinese consumer electronics firm Lenovo for $2.91 billion. The sale, which excluded ATAP and all but 2,000 of Motorola's patents, was completed on October 30, 2014.[2] Lenovo disclosed an intent to use Motorola Mobility as a way to expand into the United States smartphone market. In August 2015, Lenovo's existing smartphone division was subsumed by Motorola Mobility, and in November 2016, Lenovo announced that it would discontinue its existing, self-branded smartphone lines in favor of Motorola-branded devices going forward. MOTOROLA SWOT ANALYSIS Strengths in the SWOT analysis of Motorola Inc : Strengths are defined as what each business does best in its gamut of operations which can give it an upper hand over its competitors. The following are the strengths of Motorola: 

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Product portfolio: The Company has a diverse product portfolio that comprises of communication infrastructure, devices, accessories, software, and services. These products can cater to a wide range of clients such as government, public safety agencies, emergency services, municipalities, and commercial and industrial customers who need private communications networks and manage a huge workforce who are high on mobility. Industry Standards Systems: All Motorola devices adhere to stringent industry standards such as APCO P25, TETRA, and DMR. Global presence: The Company has a presence in over 180 countries with over 12,500 systems with outstanding shelf life. A long-standing relationship with federal government: Motorola has a long-standing relationship with the U.S. Federal government and has executed numerous contracts with its various branches and agencies, and the Home Office of the United Kingdom. The deals account for around 9% and 8% of our consolidated net sales in 2016, respectively. Focus on long-term contracts: Since many of the clients of Motorola are government clients their contracts are long terms which in turn ensures consistent inflow of revenue.

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Focus on research and development: Motorola gives a lot of importance to research and development and their R & D expenditure was 553 million USD in the year 2016. Most of their research focuses on technology trends to watch out for and related product modifications.

Weaknesses in the SWOT analysis of Motorola Inc : Weaknesses are used to refer to areas where the business or the brand needsimprovement. Some of the key weaknesses of Motorola are: 

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Failure to accommodate 3G: When all its customers and competitors went the 3 G way Motorola did not react fast enough. This turned out to be a totally wrong decision. Too much of focus on Midwest values: Research indicates that while it was important for the company to adapt to the Silicon Valley culture it stood string in its midwest orientation which in turn resulted in a lot of strategy mistakes. Exit from the right business at the wrong time: Motorola traded the huge bandwidth it had with Nextel at a wrong time and when it got a chance to buy Noki and Qualcomm it overlooked the decision. This could have been a saver for the company in the US market. Slow paced attitude: The technology industry is in a state of fastpaced movement and Motorola takes too much of time to respond to which more new competition emerges.

Opportunities in the SWOT analysis of Motorola Inc : Opportunities refer to those avenues in the environment that surrounds the business on which it can capitalize to increase its returns. Some of the opportunities include: 

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Growing demand for feature phones: The next big thing in business is going to be the increased focus on feature phones. It is expected that feature phones will constitute more than half of the totals sales for phones in the next few years to come. Focus on prepaid connections: Earlier the trend was more biased towards postpaid but the research was undertaken recently reveals

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that there is a sharp increase in the number of prepaid connections. This can mean that people are looking closely into their mobile phone usage. The surge in the number of smartphone users in emerging economies: Motorola’s prime focus has always been the US and the UK. However, latest studies reveal that the growth has now shifted to China and India and thus these markets should be explored by Motorola.

Threats in the SWOT analysis of Motorola Inc : Threats are those factors in the environment which can be detrimental to the growth of the business. Some of the threats include: 

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Competition: With lowered barriers to entry, the technology business faces the serious threat of competition. Right from high-end manufacturers like Apple. To companies like Google and Chinese players like Redmi, there is stiff competition at all levels of the game. Growing concerns about health: Today there is negative imagery of vibrations causing tumors and cancer and also the risk of radiation through the excessive use of gadgets. Such issues lead to an unnecessary lowering of sales. High investment: It is increasingly impossible to survive in the technology landscape today without a high investment in research and the cost of raw materials as well as labor is also surging. However, it is a level playing field and revenues are no longer easy.

CHAPTER-2: INTRODUCTION TO THE TOPIC HISTORY OF CELLULAR TELEPHONY IN INDIA Cellular Telephony The technology that gives a person the power to communicate anytime, anywhere - has spawned an entire industry in mobile telecommunication.

Mobile telephones have become an integral part of the growth, success and efficiency of any business / economy. The most prevalent wireless standard in the world today, is GSM. The GSM Association (Global System for Mobile Communications) was instituted in 1987 to promote and expedite the adoption, development and deployment and evolution of the GSM standard for digital wireless communications. The GSM Association was formed as a result of a European Community agreement on the need to adopt common standards suitable for cross border European mobile communications. Starting off primarily as a European standard, the Group Special Mobile as it was then called, soon came to represent the Global System for Mobile Communications as it achieved the status of a worldwide standard. GSM is today, the world's leading digital standard accounting for 68.5% of the global digital wireless market. The Indian Government when considering the introduction of cellular services into the country, made a landmark decision to introduce the GSM standard, leapfrogging obsolescent technologies / standards. Although cellular licenses were made technology neutral in September 2005, all the private operators are presently offering only GSM based mobile services. The new licensees for the 4th cellular licenses that were awarded in July 2001 too, have opted for GSM technology to offer their mobile services. Cellular Industry in India India is currently the world’s second-largest telecommunications market with a subscriber base of 1.17 billion and has registered strong growth in the past decade and half. The Indian mobile economy is growing rapidly and will contribute substantially to India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP), according to report prepared by GSM Association (GSMA) in collaboration with the Boston Consulting Group (BCG). App downloads in the country grew approximately 215 per cent between 2015 and 2017.

The liberal and reformist policies of the Government of India have been instrumental along with strong consumer demand in the rapid growth in the Indian telecom sector. The government has enabled easy market access to telecom equipment and a fair and proactive regulatory framework that has ensured availability of telecom services to consumer at affordable prices. The deregulation of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) norms has made the sector one of the fastest growing and a top five employment opportunity generator in the country. Market Size With 512.26 million internet subscribers, as of June 2018, India ranks as the world’s second largest market in terms of total internet users. Further, India is also the world’s second largest telecommunications market with 1,191.40 million subscribers, as of September 2018. Moreover, in 2017, India surpassed USA to become the second largest market in terms of number of app downloads. Over the next five years, rise in mobile-phone penetration and decline in data costs will add 500 million new internet users in India, creating opportunities for new businesses. Investment/Major development With daily increasing subscriber base, there have been a lot of investments and developments in the sector. The industry has attracted FDI worth US$ 31.75 billion during the period April 2000 to June 2018, according to the data released by Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP). Government Initiatives The government has fast-tracked reforms in the telecom sector and continues to be proactive in providing room for growth for telecom companies. Some of the other major initiatives taken by the government are as follows: 

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The Government of India is soon going to come out with a new National Telecom Policy 2018 in lieu of rapid technological advancement in the sector over the past few years. The policy has envisaged attracting investments worth US$ 100 billion in the sector by 2022. The Department of Information Technology intends to set up over 1 million internet-enabled common service centres across India as per the National e-Governance Plan.

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FDI cap in the telecom sector has been increased to 100 per cent from 74 per cent; out of 100 per cent, 49 per cent will be done through automatic route and the rest will be done through the FIPB approval route. FDI of up to 100 per cent is permitted for infrastructure providers offering dark fibre, electronic mail and voice mail. The Government of India has introduced Digital India programme under which all the sectors such as healthcare, retail, etc. will be connected through internet

Achievements Following are the achievements of the government in the past four years: 

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Department of Telecommunication launched ‘Tarang Sanchar’ - a web portal sharing information on mobile towers and EMF Emission Compliances. Six-fold increase in Government spending on telecommunications infrastructure and services in the country – from Rs 9,900 crores (US$ 1.41 billion) during 2009-14 to Rs 60,000 crores (US$ 8.55 billion) (actual + planned) during 2014-19. Over 75 per cent increase in internet coverage – from 251 million users to 446 million Country-wide Optical Fibre Cable (OFC) coverage doubled – from 700,000 km to 1.4 million kmFive-fold jump in FDI inflows in the Telecom Sector – from US$ 1.3 Billion in 2015-16 to US$ 6.1 billion in 2017-18 (up to December 2017)

Road Ahead Revenues from the telecom equipment sector are expected to grow to US$ 26.38 billion by 2020. The number of internet subscribers in the country is expected to double by 2021 to 829 million and overall IP traffic is expected to grow 4-fold at a CAGR of 30 per cent by 2021. The Indian Government is planning to develop 100 smart city projects, where IoT would play a vital role in development of those cities. The National Digital Communications Policy 2018 has envisaged attracting investments worth US$ 100 billion in the telecommunications sector by 2022. The Indian Mobile Value-Added Services (MVAS) industry is expected to grow at a CAGR of 18.3 per cent during the forecast period 2015–2020 and reach US$ 23.8 billion by 2020. App downloads in India are expected to increase to 18.11 billion in 2018F and 37.21 billion in 2022F.

MOBILE PHONES MARKET SHARE IN INDIA

CHAPTER-3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Methodology Sampling When undertaking any survey, it is essential to gather data from people regarding the products offered by the company so that we get a clear picture of the company in the eyes of its customers. Sampling is a process of selecting units from the population of interest with the motive to study the samples and derive conclusions. 50 people from Rohini, Delhi were surveyed in this study. Sampling Techniques A sampling technique is the name or other identification of the specific process by which the entities of the sample have been selected. Convenience Sampling: Also known as accidental sampling. It is a nonprobability sampling technique in which the selection of units is based

on easy availability and accessibility. The samples are drawn from that part of population which is close to hand. It may be through meeting the person or including a person in the sample when one meets them or chosen by finding them through technological means such as the internet or through phone

Sampling Frame There are two types of sampling frames i.e., probability sampling and nonprobability sampling. And this study is based on non-probability sampling. Non-probability Sampling: It is a kind of sampling method where some elements of the population have no chance of selection, or when the probability of selection can’t be accurately determined.

Sampling Unit A sampling unit is one of the units into which an aggregate is divided for the purpose of sampling, each unit being regarded as individual when selection is made. In this study HOUSEHOLD is chosen to be the experimental unit (sampling unit). Data collection techniques Primary Data: It refers to the collection of data that is done personally. Primary data is the first-hand data that is collected specifically for a research work. The biggest advantage of collecting primary data is that it is reliable. There are different ways to collect primary data such as questionnaires, Interview, and Surveys etc. Here we have used questionnaires as our tool for primary data collection. Questionnaires: A questionnaire was formulated which included all the questions in accordance with the hypothesis and objectives of the project and these were filled by different people. These questionnaires were then

studied thoroughly and conclusions were drawn on the basis of the information provided in the questionnaires. LIMITATIONS  Since convenience sampling is used in the study and the samples are not chosen at random, it may lead to bias decisions.  Conclusions are derived keeping in mind a limited area.  Possibility of sampling errors because only a specific group (a small part of population) is studied. Results cannot be generalized because the sample is not representative enough on behalf of the entire population. OBJECTIVES The Primary Objective was to study the perception & buying behavior of customers towards various mobile brands with special reference to “MOTOROLA”. The Secondary Objectives of this study were to identify: • Factors that influence decision-making in purchasing a mobile phone. • Major features, which a customer looks for in a mobile before making a purchase. • Brand awareness of MOTOROLA mobile phones in the market. • Factors, which help in increasing the sale of mobile phones. • Various Sources from which mobiles are purchased.

Scope of the study The scope of the research is based on the telecom industry and it throws light on the brand preference of mobile phones with respect to Motorola.

Significance of the study:

Significance to the industry – My research will help the telecom industry to know the current scenario of customers with respect to brand preference of mobile phones, with respect to Motorola.

Significance for the researcher – ➢

Wide exposure to the telecom industry.

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Studying about the brand preference of Motorola mobile phones through the respondents.