Chapter I

CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE INTRODUCTION

Long before the beginning of poetic modernism, many writers have already achieved poetic maturity. This was ushered in by the early 20th century movement known as imagism. One of those known writer at the times was Robert Lee Frost whom I believed had big implications to the readers today. He therefore had more in common with 19th century poets and with the Georgians who carried the Victorian tradition into the 20th century. We must say Then without implying any value of judgments, that Robert Lee Frost is a “Transitional” poet between two centuries.

Frost was an “outsider” during most of the poetic career. A time when those “Inside” believed that a poem should not mean but be. Robert Lee Frost’s works “Mean” and are intended to mean, even when part of the meaning of Frost’s secret. (Encyclopedia Americana Vol. XII 2001 ; Edward Bloom, Ed,D).

Frost’s works is identified with New Hampshire. Frost found an inspiration for many of his finest poems in the landscapes, folkways, and speech mannerisms of his region..Frost’s poetry is noted for its plain language, conventional poetic forms, and graceful style. He was so expert a poet that many of his earliest

2 poems are as richly developed as his later poems. By placing people and nature side by side, Frost often appears to write the kind of romantic poetry associated with England and the United States in the 1800’s.There is, however, a positive and negative Implication in his works and those of the older tradition.

The romantic poets of the 1800’s believed people could live in harmony with nature. To Frost, the purposes of people and nature are never the same, and so nature’s meanings can never be known. Probing for nature’s secrets is futile and foolish. Humanity’s best chance for serenity does not come from understanding the natural environment. Serenity comes from working usefully and productively amid the external forces of nature. Frost often used the theme of significant, by which people are nourished and sustained. This theme appears in such famous lyrics as ‘After Apple-Picking and ”Birches” . .(The World Book Encyclopedia 1986, Gerber, Philip L., ed.)

Robert Frost, the New England poet, was possibly the first to speak at any president's inauguration. Despite having won many accolades during his lifetime, Frost's most memorable one was having been accolades during his life time, Frost's most memorable one was having been invited to read his poetry at our tragically short Presidency of John F. Kennedy. In 1923, Frost's NEW HAMPSHIRE (poetry collection) won a Pulitzer prize, and he then went on to win three more - thus far, an unmatched feat! The poem, NOTHING GOLD CAN STAY, remains one of the most tantalizing in the 1923 collection. For a stylistically

3 traditional poem, NOTHING GOLD CAN STAY, is far traditional in its message. Put another way, Frost might - with this poem's various versions, including a title "Nothing Golden Stays" - have chosen to leave his real message or messages ambivalent. He allowed readers to make the poem meaningful to their own lives, values and ethics. And readers have done so. This is why some see the poem as sad pessimistic, while others go the other extreme and finds true optimism for human beings . http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Frost.)

Frost designed his final volume ,In the clearing, to give shape to his career. From its title the lines on incarnation from Kitty Hawk that preface it, to the arrangement of the poems within, The volume says that the poet who had been so well “acquainted to the night” has come at last into a clearing. His first volume published nearly 50 years earlier , had opened with Into My Own, an expression of the poet’s test convictions from these facts we glimpse the intentionally that shaped a long; and at last greatly successful career .Frost did survive , and his best work will.(Encyclopedia Americana Vol. XII, 2001; Waggoner, Hyatth)

4

STATEMENT OF THE PURPOSE

The main purpose of this study is to broaden our awareness about the Positive And Negative Implications of Robert Frost’s Literary works. The Following Questions are answered on this study:

1.Who is Robert Frost? 2.What are his works? 3.How important are the works of Robert Frost? 4.How can we say that Robert Frost’s works help the English Literature to be modernized? 5.What are the major themes of his works? 6.Since when did Robert Frost started his works? 7.How important are Robert Frost’s literary works? 8.What are the significant works of Robert Frost?

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HYPOTHESIS

This study guides the people to know about more information of The Positive and Negative Implications of Robert Frost’s Literary Works.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

In this study, our topic is limited only to the basic positive and negative Implications of Robert Frost’s contribution to Literary Works.

IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY

Student -the study is significant for students to understand the historical contribution of Robert Frost in English Literature.

Readers - the study provides information to the readers towards a better understanding of the chronology of events of Robert Frost’s experience.Future

6 Researcher – the study provides basic information of the contribution of Robert Frost in the field of literature. Further studies can be correlated with these basic information which could provide better understanding of the poets.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

1. Modernism – The thought and action characteristics of modern life. 2. Imagism

– A movement of poetic technique originating around 1909,

marked used of clear and concrete images. 3. Value

– The worth ,merit ,usefulness or importance of a thing.

4. Transitional – Transcending National boundaries or interests. 5. Folkways

– Traditional ,habits ,customs and standards of conduct.

6. Mannerism – A characteristic ,style , mode of speech or behavior. 7. Harmony

– A suiting or fitting together.

8. Nature

– The combination of qualities belonging to a person or thing.

9. Humanity

– Mankind , people collectively and quality of being human.

10. Tantalizing – To excite by expectations on hopes which will not be realized.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY Book entry Chelsea Blooms, Chelsea and Hyatth Waggoner.2001.Encyclopedia Americana Vol. XII. United States of America : Groiler House Inc. Gerber, Philip L., ed. 1986 . The World Book Encyclopedia . United States of America :Scott Fetzer Company, Wold Book Inc. Pei , Mario .1979 . Lexicon Webster Dictionary. United States of America : The English-Language Institute of America, Inc.

Electronic Source :

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Frost

(http://www.helium.com/items/1116733-emily-dickinson-frost-langston-hughesfrost-eden-nothing-gold-optimism).

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APPENDICES Robert Frost

9

He is highly regarded for his realistic depictions of rural life and his command of American colloquial speech. His work frequently employed themes from the early 1900s rural life in New England, using the setting to examine complex social and

10 philosophical themes. A popular and often-quoted poet, Frost was honored frequently during his lifetime, receiving four Pulitzer Prizes for Poetry. Robert Frost was born in San Francisco, California to journalist, William Prescott Robert Lee Frost (March 26, 1874 – January 29, 1963) was an American poet. Frost, Jr. and Isabelle Moodie. His mother, was of Scottish descent, and his father, a descendant of colonist Nicholas Frost from Tiverton, Devon, England who had sailed to New Hampshire in 1634 on the Wolfrana. Frost's father was a teacher and later an editor of the San Francisco Evening Bulletin (later merged into the San Francisco Examiner), and an unsuccessful candidate for the city tax collector. After his father's death in May 5, 1885, in due time the family moved across-country to Lawrence, Massachusetts under the patronage of (Robert's grandfather) William Frost, Sr., who was an overseer at a New England mill. Frost graduated from Lawrence High School in 1892. Frost's mother joined the Swedenborgian church and had him baptized in it, but he left it as an adult. Despite his later association with rural life, Frost grew up in the city, and published his first poem in his high school's magazine. He attended Dartmouth College long enough to be accepted into the Theta Delta Chi fraternity. Frost returned home to teach and to work at various jobs including delivering newspapers and factory labor. He did not enjoy these jobs at all, feeling his true calling as a poet. In 1894 he sold his first poem, "My Butterfly: An Elegy" (published in the November 8, 1894 edition of the New York Independent) for fifteen dollars. Proud

11 of this accomplishment he proposed marriage to Eli nor Miriam White, but she demurred, wanting to finish college (at St. Lawrence University) before they married. Frost then went on an excursion to the Great Dismal Swamp in Virginia, and asked Eli nor again upon his return. Having graduated she agreed, and they were married at Harvard University, where he attended liberal arts studies for two years.

He did well at Harvard, but left to support his growing family. Grandfather Frost had, shortly before his death, purchased a farm for the young couple in Derry, New Hampshire; and Robert worked the farm for nine years, while writing early in the mornings and producing many of the poems that would later become famous. Ultimately his farming proved unsuccessful and he returned to education as an English teacher, at Pinkerton Academy from 1906 to 1911, then at the New Hampshire Normal School (now Plymouth State University) in Plymouth, New Hampshire.

In 1912 Frost sailed with his family to Great Britain, living first in Glasgow before settling in Beaconsfield outside London. His first book of poetry, A Boy's Will, was published the next year. In England he made some important acquaintances,

12 including Edward Thomas (a member of the group known as the Dymock Poets), T.E. Hulme, and Ezra Pound. Pound would become the first American to write a (favorable) review of Frost's work. Surrounded by his peers, Frost wrote some of his best work while in England. As World War I began, Frost returned to America in 1915. He bought a farm in Franconia, New Hampshire, where he launched a career of writing, teaching, and lecturing. This family homestead served as the Frosts' summer home until 1938, and is maintained today as 'The Frost Place', a museum and poetry conference site at Franconia. During the years 1916-20, 1923-24, and 1927-1938, Frost taught English at Amherst College, Massachusetts, notably encouraging his students to account for the sounds of the human voice in their writing. For forty two years, from 1921 to 1963, Frost spent almost every summer and fall teaching at the Bread Loaf School of English of Middlebury College, at the mountain campus at Ripton, Vermont. He is credited as a major influence upon the development of the school and its writing programs; the Bread Loaf Writers' Conference gained renown during Frost's tenure there. The college now owns and maintains his former Ripton farmstead as a national historic site near the Bread Loaf campus. In 1921 Frost accepted a fellowship teaching post at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, where he resided until 1927; while there he was awarded a lifetime appointment at the University as a Fellow in Letters. The Robert Frost Ann Arbor home is now situated at The Henry Ford Museum in Dearborn, Michigan. Frost returned to Amherst in 1927. In 1940 he bought a five-

13 acre plot in South Miami, Florida, naming it Pencil Pines; he spent his winters there for the rest of his life. Harvard's 1965 alumni directory indicates Frost received an honorary degree there. He also received honorary degrees from Bates College and from Oxford and Cambridge universities; and he was the first person to receive two honorary degrees from Dartmouth College. During his lifetime the Robert Frost Middle School in Fairfax, Virginia, and the main library of Amherst College were named after him. Frost was 86 when he spoke and performed a reading of his poetry at the inauguration of President John F. Kennedy on January 20, 1961. Some two years later, on January 29, 1963, he died, in Boston, of complications from prostate surgery. He was buried at the Old Bennington Cemetery in Bennington, Vermont. His

epitaph

reads,

"I

had

a

lover's

quarrel

with

the

world.

(http://www.helium.com/items/1116733-emily-dickinson-frost-langston-hughesfrost-eden-nothing-gold-optimism).

CURRICULUM VITAE

14 PERSONAL BACKGROUND Name

:

Jayfein Mae Into

Address

:

Cangyan , Carmen,Cebu

Date of Birth

:

December 02, 1994

Age

:

14 years old

Parents

:

Mr. Maximiano Into Jr. Mrs. Jasmin Into

Siblings

:

Mc Jaysus Into Ronald Jay Into Jhermaine Into

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary

:

Carmen Central School

Year Graduated

:

March 2006

High School

:

Cebu Academy

15