Chapter 7 Notes Gp 1, 2 And

Chapter 7 Notes GP 1, 2 and 3 Human Development

1. How much do children's’ bodies change btw ages 3-6, and what are their nutritional needs? • No longer a toddler, three-year-olds are less top-heavy and move with greater sureness. The head is still somewhat large in comparison to adults but the body is catching up

1. How much do children's’ bodies change btw ages 3-6, and what are their nutritional needs? • They are more coordinated at running, climbing, and other large-muscle activities. They can ride a tricycle or pump a swing. They can catch a large ball using two hands and their bodies.

1. How much do children's’ bodies change btw ages 3-6, and what are their nutritional needs? • Improved finger dexterity (fine motor) allows them to put together simple puzzles, use tools, hold crayons with fingers instead of fists, make balls and snakes out of clay and undress without assistance.

1. How much do children's’ bodies change btw ages 3-6, and what are their nutritional needs? • Nutrition: It’s important to allow preschoolers to regulate their own caloric intake and not insist that they “clean their plate” • Children over 2 years should get only about 30% of their calories from fat

1. How much do children's’ bodies change btw ages 3-6, and what are their nutritional needs? • Teeth Most children will have all 20 of their primary teeth by age 3 Most children will start losing their primary teeth between ages 6 and 8 years. These teeth are replaced by permanent teeth starting around age 5 or 6.

2. What sleep patterns and problems tend to develop during early childhood? • The average 3-yearold sleeps about 12 hours each day. This usually means 10 or 11 hours at night and a one- to two-hour nap. Naptimes are more variable for 3year-olds than for 2year-olds.

2. What sleep patterns and problems tend to develop during early childhood? • A 3-year-old may need more or less sleep depending on the day's events, an illness, changes in her routine, or any developmental changes s/he's going through. Whatever amount of time a child naturally sleeps in a day is the amount s/he needs.

2. What sleep patterns and problems tend to develop during early childhood?

• A 3-year-old leads a very busy life which can set the stage for vivid dreams and nightmares. You can't and shouldn't want to prevent wild dreams; they help the child deal with the challenges of the day. Bedtime routines should be calm and simple. Persistent nightmares may signal excessive stress or stimulation before bed (eg too much television).

2. What sleep patterns and problems tend to develop during early childhood? • Night terrors are different than nightmares – a child seems to wake from a deep sleep directly into a panicked state. They generally do not remember the episode in the morning.

2. What sleep patterns and problems tend to develop during early childhood? • Bedwetting (enuresis) • Wetting the bed at night is fairly common at this age. It seems to have a genetic component.

3. What

are the main motor achievements of early childhood?

3. What

are the main motor achievements of early childhood?

(also see table 7.1 on page 242)

3. What

• •

are the main motor achievements of early childhood? Handedness

Preference for one hand over the other is usually evident before age 3 • Most are right-handed since the left brain controls right side and left brain is generally more dominant. In people whose brains are more symmetrical the right hemisphere will generally dominate making the person left handed. Boys are more likely than girls to be left handed

3. What

are the main motor achievements of early childhood?

• Artistic development • Note figure 7-1 on page 244 • The changes in children’s art reflects not only the differences in brain development but also the differences in small muscle control

3. What

are the main motor achievements of early childhood?

• Shape stage (approx age 3) • Design stage • b-1 combines shapes • b-2 aggregates • c. Pictorial stage (age 4-5) • LINK