Chacha Document

HAVE YOU SEEN A BIG BUILDING? DO YOU KNOW, WHAT THE BASIC MATERIAL FOR BUILT IT?

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ORGANISM IS COMPOSE FROM SMALLEST OR SIMPLE PART THAT THEY HAVE TO WORK AND EFFECT ONE ANOTHER

MY BODY

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CELL (jaringan) TISSUE ORGAN ( ORGAN SYSTEM ORGANISM

Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living thing  Means : cells form the parts of an organism and carry out all of an organism’s processes, or functions Cell adalah satuan kecil struktural dan fungsional dari tubuh mahkluk hidup Sruktural : struktur tubuh Fungsional : fungsi kerja orgamel (bagian) sel Kumpulan cell yang berbentuk jaringan yang sama Kumpuln jaringan yg memilik fungsi yang sama akan membentuk Kumpulan organ yang menjalankan fungsi mahkluk hidup akan membentuk sistem organ yg sama 

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Cell was found by Robert Hooke (1665) He used simple microscope that he built by himself Cytology is scientific study of cells from living thing Organisme (makhluk hidup/living things)

1. CELL WALL  is a rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plant and some other organisms  Made mostly of a strong material called cellulose  Although the cell wall is tough, many materials, including water and oxygen, can pass through easily  A plant’s cell wall helps to protect and support the cell

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CELL MEMBRANE located just inside the cell wall Controls what substances come into and out of a cell

CELL MEMBRANE

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NUCLEUS As the cells control centre, directing all of the cell’s activity Part of nucleus: - nucleus membrane  protect nucleus - chromatin  contain genetic material - nucleolus

NUCLEUS

4. CYTOPLASM  Place that many cell organelles are found  The region between the cell membrane and the nucleus form as gel – like fluid

CYTOPLASM

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ORGANELLES Mitochondria aerobic respiration to release energy from food substances oxidation Endoplasmic reticulum  passageways carry proteins and other materials from ane part of the cell to another

c. Ribosome - to synthesizes proteins - they are either attached to endoplasmic reticulum or float in the cytoplasm - from endoplasmic reticulum (E.R.), the protein will be transported to the Golgi bodies

d. GOLGI BODIES

- As a centre of manufacturing warehousing, shorting, and shipping - receive proteins and other newly formed materials from E.R., package them, and distribute them to other parts of the cell

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Chloroplasts - contain a green pigment called chlorophyll, it is essential for photosynthesis - capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell

f. Vacuoles a vacuole is a fluid-filled space enclosed by membrane - vacuoles are storaged areas (store food and other materials needed by the cells) plant: have one large vacuole which containe a liquid called cell sap animal : some animal cells don’t have vacuole; other do

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Lysosomes - lysosomes are small, round structures containing chemicals that break down certain materials in the cell

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Centrosome and centriole - within the centrosomes of an animal cell are appear of centriole. - Centrosome of most plant like centriole. - function: centriole role in cell devided, before a cell divide the centriole replicate.

PLANT CELL - Cell wall present - Chloroplasts present - A large central vacuole -lack centriole

ANIMAL CELL - Cell wall absent - Chloroplast absent - Vacuoles are small and many - centriole present

ANIMAL CELL

PLANT CELL