Ch 25, 26 Test Review

Marian Anderson- African-American singer, denied by Daughters of American Revolution, endorsed by Eleanor Roosevelt, sang on Washington Steps Mary McLoud Bethune- African-American/Women’s groups leader, on Roosevelt’s Black Cabinet, helped FDR get elected Father Charles Coughlin- liberal critic of New Deal, had radio show, anti-semite/anti-black, facist, eliminate federal reserve Calvin Coolidge- VP for Harding, took over in 1920, elected 1924 won by himself, antiimmigration acts Henry Ford- auto factory, mass production, planned obsolescence, recognized workers as customers, good pay and benefits for workers, model T Marcus Garvey- wanted return to Africa, inspiration for Nation of Islam Warren G. Harding- Prez 21-23, Republican dark horse, anti-reform era, against immigration, resurgence of nativism, isolationism Herbert Hoover- Prez 1928, thought poverty almost finished, thought outside forces in Europe responsible for depression, volunteerism, charity, no-strikes, some public works which lead to new deal Harry Hopkins- FDR’s advisor, Works Progress Administration, FERA, CWA, focused on cities in depression Charles Evans Hughes- Sec. Of State under Harding and Coolidge, then supreme court justice under hoover, moderate conservative, ruled in schecter case against NRA Langston Hughes- poet in Harlem renaissance Charles Lindbergh- anti-semite, flew across Atlantic, Huey Long- most liberal critic of New Deal, wanted redistribution of wealth John L. Lewis- Labor leader, prez of united mine workers, Congress of Industrial Organizations Alice Paul- feminist A. Mitchel Palmer- Palmer raids, attorney general, wanted to get rid of red scare Eleanor Roosevelt- wife of president, close advisor Alfred P Sloan- planned obsolescence, prez of general motors, “business of business is business” Al Smith- ran against hoover 1928, democrat, identified with immigrants, man of people Frederick W. Taylor- industrial efficiency

Francis Townsend- 2 percent sales tax for old people

Events worth Knowing 1920 Census- more people urban rural Palmer Raids-anti communist, immigrants Red Scare- communism Sacco and Vanzetti- 2 italians, put to death, seen as anarchists New KKK- against Jews, immigrants, not just blacks Immigration Laws of the 20s- cut down significants Scopes Trial- evolution Lost Generation-disillusioned by loss of life in WWI Harlem Rennaisance- harlem, black oppression leads to art and poetry Prohibtion- no drinking, couldn’t be enforced, rich didn’t follow, lots of home brew Amendment/ Volsted Act- 18th amendment, prohibition Buying on Margin- buying with your money, and a brokers to magnify wins’losses Bonus Amry March -wanted bonus money, half marchers left, others lived in shacks, put down by hoover/macarthur Election of 1932- FDR wins democratic nomination, beats hoover Glass Steagall Banking Act- mint more money, off gold standard, make banking more safe National Recovery Administration- part of new deal, create codes for fair competition Agricultural Adjustment Act- subsidize farms, tell farmers to burn part of crops, get prices high again Civilian Conservation Corps- roosevelt’s tree army Works Progress Administration- largest new deal program, employed artists, built highways, streets, buildings, bridges, parks, libraries

Social Security Act- designed to give to old people, and people in need Wagner Act- protect rights of workers to unionize, collective bargaining Schecter vs.US- ruled NRA unconstitutional US vs. Butler- ruled AAA tax unconstitutional Court Packing Bill- power to appoint extra supreme court justice for every old one, in response to New Deal proposals being overturned Impact of FDR and New Deal On government- more involvement in business On politics – Democratic Party- party of African-Americans On African Americans- hit worst by depression