Cells
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Advanced Biology The Cell
Overview: The Importance of Cell All organisms are made of cells The cell is the simplest collection of matter that can live
Two Types of Cells
9.1
Prokaryotic – simple Eukaryotic – complex
Comparing Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have several basic features in common
9.1
They are bounded by a plasma membrane They contain a semifluid substance called the cytosol They contain chromosomes They all have ribosomes
Comparing Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells
9.1
Do not contain a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles Have their DNA located in a region called the nucleoid (no nucleus)
Contain a true nucleus, bounded by a membranous nuclear envelope Contain numerous organelles Are larger than prokaryotic cells
Cell Size
9.2
Cell size is limited by the needs of cell metabolism Smaller cells have more surface area per unit of volume
Cell Size
9.2
Internal Membranes
9.3
Eukaryotic cells have extensive and elaborately arranged internal membranes, which form compartmentalized organelles
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
The Nucleus
9.4-9.6
Ribosomes
9.7
Smooth and Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
9.8
Golgi Apparatus 9.9/9.10
Lysosomes
endocytosis
9.11
Vacuoles
9.12
Mitochondria
9.13
Chloroplasts
9.13
Peroxisomes
9.14
Cytoskeleton
9.15
Cytoskeleton and transport
9.15
Cytoskeleton and support
One Intestinal Epithelial Cell
9.15
Centrosome
9.16
Cilia and Flagella
9.17
Cilia and Flagella
9.17
Plant Cell Wall
9.18
Plasmodesmata
9.20
Extracellular Matrix
9.19
Intracellular Junctions
9.20
Cheek Cell LAB
QuickTimeª and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture.
• Does the stain enter the cell? • The structure of methylene blue is shown above. Could methylene blue enter the cell through the lipid bilayer? If not, how did it get in the cell? • Name the organelles that you see in your cheek cells. Give their functions. • Draw and label a sketch of two or three of your cheek cells.
Overview: The Importance of Cell All organisms are made of cells The cell is the simplest collection of matter that can live
Two Types of Cells
9.1
Prokaryotic – simple Eukaryotic – complex
Comparing Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have several basic features in common
9.1
They are bounded by a plasma membrane They contain a semifluid substance called the cytosol They contain chromosomes They all have ribosomes
Comparing Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells
9.1
Do not contain a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles Have their DNA located in a region called the nucleoid (no nucleus)
Contain a true nucleus, bounded by a membranous nuclear envelope Contain numerous organelles Are larger than prokaryotic cells
Cell Size
9.2
Cell size is limited by the needs of cell metabolism Smaller cells have more surface area per unit of volume
Cell Size
9.2
Internal Membranes
9.3
Eukaryotic cells have extensive and elaborately arranged internal membranes, which form compartmentalized organelles
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
The Nucleus
9.4-9.6
Ribosomes
9.7
Smooth and Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
9.8
Golgi Apparatus 9.9/9.10
Lysosomes
endocytosis
9.11
Vacuoles
9.12
Mitochondria
9.13
Chloroplasts
9.13
Peroxisomes
9.14
Cytoskeleton
9.15
Cytoskeleton and transport
9.15
Cytoskeleton and support
One Intestinal Epithelial Cell
9.15
Centrosome
9.16
Cilia and Flagella
9.17
Cilia and Flagella
9.17
Plant Cell Wall
9.18
Plasmodesmata
9.20
Extracellular Matrix
9.19
Intracellular Junctions
9.20
Cheek Cell LAB
QuickTimeª and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture.
• Does the stain enter the cell? • The structure of methylene blue is shown above. Could methylene blue enter the cell through the lipid bilayer? If not, how did it get in the cell? • Name the organelles that you see in your cheek cells. Give their functions. • Draw and label a sketch of two or three of your cheek cells.
