Cell Structure 3 Pau Ldh
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Govt. Sen. Sec Model School, P.A.U. Ludhiana. CELL STRUCTURE AND CELL
Class 9th Students Names:Anuradha Amandeep Kaur Nisha Under the Guidance of:Mrs. Kusum Lata (Science Mistress)
Teacher TrainerMiss Harinder Kaur Student TrainerMiss Rachna
INTRODUCTION OF CELL AND CELL STRUCTURE . All the living organisms which we see are essentially complex structures, made up of numerous co-ordinated compartments usually called as cells .
The Cells , On The Basis Of Their Nuclear Organization Have Been Classified Into Two Types: (1) Prokaryotic Cell (2) Eukaryotic Cell.
PROKARYOTIC CELL
(
A ) Prokaryotic Cell :
They are the cell which have primitive organization of genetic material . their DNA is not enclosed in A nuclear membrane . these cells do not have a well defined nucleus. They also lack cell organelles example : bacteria, green algae, human RBC( red blood cell) etc.
Eukaryotic Cells:
In the cells of plants and animals, the genetic material is located within the nuclear membrane. These cells have A well defined nucleus. They also have many membrane bounded organelles such as mitochondria, chloroplasts, lysosomes etc.
CELL NUMBER: Many oraganisms are made up of one cell they are called unicellular. E.G. Amoeba, euglena are called algae.
STRUCTURE OF CELL Cell are very small and cannot be seen with naked eye. Structure details of the cell can be seen under the light microscope that use. Although cells of different organism differ in structure cell even within A body of multicellular organisms differ in shape are called structure of cell.
Cell Membrane : Every kind of cell is thin, delicated, living and trilaminar membrane called plasma membrane.
CELL WALL : • IT IS AN OUTER RIGID PROTECTIVE , SUPPORTIVE COVERING OF PLANT CELL .
• The
most important feature distinguishing the cells of plants from those of animals is the cell wall. In plants this wall protects the cellular contents and limits cell size. It also has important structural and physiological roles in the life of the plant, being involved in transport, absorption, and secretion
Nucleus : The nucleus is as important, centrally located spherical cellular component .It is bounded by two unit membranes, both forming A nuclear envelope.
Nucleus
CYTOPLASM The fluid outside the Nucleus enclosed in the Membrane is called Cytoplasm. It contans many minute bodies called Organelle. Functions: Exchange of materials between organelle It allows protein synthesis. It allows oxidation of food. The organelles are given ahead:
Ribosome Ribosome, cell structure that uses genetic instructions transported in ribonucleic acid (RNA) to link a specific sequence of amino acids into chains to form proteins.
Mitchondria These are the sites for the production of energy rich molecules & are, therefore called ‘power house’ of the cell. Functions:1. Mitochondria provide important intermediates for the synthesis of several biochemicals like chlorophyll, cytochromes etc. 2. Synthesis of many amino acids occur in mitochondria. 3. This is the site for the oxidation glucose to provide energy in the form of ATP.
Golgi Apparatus : It is present around or above the centrioles in all eukaryotic cell except mammalian RBC’s and mature sperms are called golgi apparatus.
Plastids:
These organelles are found only in plant cell. Plastids are of three types chromoplasts, chloroplasts and leucoplast. A: chromoplast:
B: CHLOROPLASTS
INTRODUCTION OF CHROMOPLASTS. They provide colour to flowers and fruits,chromoplasts are formed either from friuts leucoplasts or chloroplasts. These are found in leaves, flowers, fruits etc. Photosynthetic eukaryotes also may house chromoplasts, sacs of yellow, orange, or red pigments responsible for color in flowers and fruits. Photosynthetic eukaryotes may also have organelles called amyloplasts, where energy-rich starch is stockpiled.
INTRODUCTION OF LEUCOPLASTS.
Leucoplasts, which contain no pigments, are involved in the synthesis of starch, oils, and proteins. Chromoplasts manufacture carotenoids.
INTRODUCTION OF VACULOES. The central vacuole stores water, salts, sugars, proteins, and other nutrients. In addition, it stores the blue, red, and purple pigments that give certain flowers their colors. The central vacuole also contains plant wastes that taste bitter to certain insects, thus discouraging the insects from feasting on the plant.
(A) MITOSIS
:Mitosis, process in which a
cell’s nucleus replicates and divides in preparation for division of the CELL.
MITOSIS OCCUR IN FIVE STAGES.
1: INTERPHASE 2: PROPHASE 3: METAPHASE 4: ANAPHASE 5: TELOPHASE
B: MEIOSIS: MEIOSIS CELL DIVISON TAKES PLACE IN REPRODUCTIVE CELLS.
Class 9th Students Names:Anuradha Amandeep Kaur Nisha Under the Guidance of:Mrs. Kusum Lata (Science Mistress)
Teacher TrainerMiss Harinder Kaur Student TrainerMiss Rachna
INTRODUCTION OF CELL AND CELL STRUCTURE . All the living organisms which we see are essentially complex structures, made up of numerous co-ordinated compartments usually called as cells .
The Cells , On The Basis Of Their Nuclear Organization Have Been Classified Into Two Types: (1) Prokaryotic Cell (2) Eukaryotic Cell.
PROKARYOTIC CELL
(
A ) Prokaryotic Cell :
They are the cell which have primitive organization of genetic material . their DNA is not enclosed in A nuclear membrane . these cells do not have a well defined nucleus. They also lack cell organelles example : bacteria, green algae, human RBC( red blood cell) etc.
Eukaryotic Cells:
In the cells of plants and animals, the genetic material is located within the nuclear membrane. These cells have A well defined nucleus. They also have many membrane bounded organelles such as mitochondria, chloroplasts, lysosomes etc.
CELL NUMBER: Many oraganisms are made up of one cell they are called unicellular. E.G. Amoeba, euglena are called algae.
STRUCTURE OF CELL Cell are very small and cannot be seen with naked eye. Structure details of the cell can be seen under the light microscope that use. Although cells of different organism differ in structure cell even within A body of multicellular organisms differ in shape are called structure of cell.
Cell Membrane : Every kind of cell is thin, delicated, living and trilaminar membrane called plasma membrane.
CELL WALL : • IT IS AN OUTER RIGID PROTECTIVE , SUPPORTIVE COVERING OF PLANT CELL .
• The
most important feature distinguishing the cells of plants from those of animals is the cell wall. In plants this wall protects the cellular contents and limits cell size. It also has important structural and physiological roles in the life of the plant, being involved in transport, absorption, and secretion
Nucleus : The nucleus is as important, centrally located spherical cellular component .It is bounded by two unit membranes, both forming A nuclear envelope.
Nucleus
CYTOPLASM The fluid outside the Nucleus enclosed in the Membrane is called Cytoplasm. It contans many minute bodies called Organelle. Functions: Exchange of materials between organelle It allows protein synthesis. It allows oxidation of food. The organelles are given ahead:
Ribosome Ribosome, cell structure that uses genetic instructions transported in ribonucleic acid (RNA) to link a specific sequence of amino acids into chains to form proteins.
Mitchondria These are the sites for the production of energy rich molecules & are, therefore called ‘power house’ of the cell. Functions:1. Mitochondria provide important intermediates for the synthesis of several biochemicals like chlorophyll, cytochromes etc. 2. Synthesis of many amino acids occur in mitochondria. 3. This is the site for the oxidation glucose to provide energy in the form of ATP.
Golgi Apparatus : It is present around or above the centrioles in all eukaryotic cell except mammalian RBC’s and mature sperms are called golgi apparatus.
Plastids:
These organelles are found only in plant cell. Plastids are of three types chromoplasts, chloroplasts and leucoplast. A: chromoplast:
B: CHLOROPLASTS
INTRODUCTION OF CHROMOPLASTS. They provide colour to flowers and fruits,chromoplasts are formed either from friuts leucoplasts or chloroplasts. These are found in leaves, flowers, fruits etc. Photosynthetic eukaryotes also may house chromoplasts, sacs of yellow, orange, or red pigments responsible for color in flowers and fruits. Photosynthetic eukaryotes may also have organelles called amyloplasts, where energy-rich starch is stockpiled.
INTRODUCTION OF LEUCOPLASTS.
Leucoplasts, which contain no pigments, are involved in the synthesis of starch, oils, and proteins. Chromoplasts manufacture carotenoids.
INTRODUCTION OF VACULOES. The central vacuole stores water, salts, sugars, proteins, and other nutrients. In addition, it stores the blue, red, and purple pigments that give certain flowers their colors. The central vacuole also contains plant wastes that taste bitter to certain insects, thus discouraging the insects from feasting on the plant.
(A) MITOSIS
:Mitosis, process in which a
cell’s nucleus replicates and divides in preparation for division of the CELL.
MITOSIS OCCUR IN FIVE STAGES.
1: INTERPHASE 2: PROPHASE 3: METAPHASE 4: ANAPHASE 5: TELOPHASE
B: MEIOSIS: MEIOSIS CELL DIVISON TAKES PLACE IN REPRODUCTIVE CELLS.
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