Cdsa-acute Inflammation Sgd

TISSUE REACTIONS TO INJURY IMMUNE RESPONSE TO INJURY Part 1: The Innate Immune Response (Acute Inflammation) Prepared by EMMANUEL R. DE LA FUENTE, M.D.

ACUTE INFLAMMATION IS THE MOST COMMON EARLY TISSUE RESPONSE TO TISSUE DAMAGE AND DESTRUCTION THE CARDINAL EFFECTS OF ACUTE INFLAMMATION WERE DESCRIBED NEARLY 2,000 YEARS AGO BY CELSUS.

CELLULAR REACTIONS ARE NEEDED IN ACUTE INFLAMMATION. THE ACUTE INFLAMMATORY EXUDATE IS DERIVED FROM THE BLOOD VESSELS . BOTH CELLULAR AND VASCULAR RESPONSES ARE PART OF THE INFLAMMATORY PROCESS. THE FOLLOWING ILLUSTRATES THE CELLS INVOLVED IN ACUTE INFLAMMATION AND THE MOVEMENT OF THE CELLS FROM THE VASCULAR LUMEN GOING OUT TO THE AREA OF INJURY.

Objectives 2. Recognize the essential morphologic features of acute inflammation, grossly and microscopically 3. Briefly discuss the etiopathogenesis of the different phases of acute inflammation 4. Correlate these lesions with the situational events

SITUATION NO. 1 A 12 year-old body complained of pain and tenderness in the right iliac region. These were accompanied by fever. An appendectomy was performed.

CBC showed predominance of these leukocytes. Describe this leukocyte and its role in the acute inflammatory process.

Appendectomy specimen. Identify the lesion and describe.

The next set of slides (1 to 5) shows the different changes during the vascular, leukocytic, and interstitial tissue phases of acute inflammation. 2. Identify and describe the changes in each slide 3. Indicate and describe the accompanying interstitial tissue change, if present 4. Arrange these slides in chronological order

Slide 1

Slide 2

Slide 3

Slide 4

Slide 5

1. Briefly discuss the pathogenesis of each lesion including the biomolecular aspects. 2. Discuss briefly the main chemical mediators for each phase of the acute inflammatory process 3. Correlate the lesions with the situational events.

SITUATION NO. 2 A 18 year-old female complaint of difficulty of breathing accompanied by cough and fever. Sputum culture revealed Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Again, identify and describe the different events associated with acute inflammation. In addition to the leukocytes, identify the macrophages.

1. Discuss the process by which the neutrophils and macrophages destroy the offending organisms. 2. Discuss the possible consequences of this lesion

The gross picture illustrates a common consequence of this lesion. Identify and describe.

This is the microscopic of the previous gross lesion. Describe and discuss the pathogenesis of this lesion. Discuss the pathogenesis of the two structures indicated by the arrows.

The arrow indicates a gross morphologic pattern of inflammation.

The picture illustrates a gross morphologic pattern of inflammation. Identify and describe the lesion. Indicate also the other evidences of acute inflammation. Discuss the pathogenesis of the lesion,.

In most all instances, healing occurs through the formation of granulation tissue as seen below. Identify the cells that participate in granulation tissue formation and discuss their respective roles.

1.Discuss the process of healing 2.Discuss the factors that influence healing

Identify the type of healing that occurred in this tissue. Explain why this type of healing.

This is the liver. Identify the type of healing. Explain.

This is the microcopy of the liver. Describe the two processes of healing that can be seen in this section.

HEALING CAN ALWAYS OCCUR AFTER INJURY AND DEATH.