By: Suresh Chandra Sahu

.NET Over view BY: Suresh Chandra Sahu

What is .NET ??????  Microsoft® .NET is a platform for building, running and experiencing the next generation of distributed applications. It spans clients, servers and services and consists of:  A programming model that enables developers to build XML Web services and applications  A set of XML Web services, such as Microsoft .NET My Services (formerly code-named 'Hailstorm'), that helps developers deliver a simple and integrated user experience;  A set of servers, including Windows® 2000, SQL Server™ and BizTalk™ Server, that integrates, runs, operates and manages XML Web services and applications

Abstraction of OS Effort to run a program on many different H/W or OS H/W level achieved through OS The problem at Operating System level “A tough computer problem can be solved by addition of a layer of Abstraction”  Microsoft has done the same by layering CLR+System calls Library on top of Operating System    

.NET Framework .NET Framework Operating System Hardware

Operating System

Hardware

Hardware

.NET abstracts operating systems, which are abstracting hardware.

This means that we can write software to target the CLR – and that software can run on any operating system or platform which implements the CLR.

.NET Framework 

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CLR (Common language Runtime)

.NET system Class Libraries

ASP+ (Web Forms)

ADO+

C# (C Sharp)

.NET Framework

CLR

Heart of the .NET Framework Provides an environment in which programs can run Support many programming languages in a common manner  .NET applications are compiled to a common language known as Microsoft Intermediate Language, or "IL".  The CLR, then, handles compiling the IL to machine language  IL contains methods, properties and fields related to the components that are compiled   

Compilation  Great Flexibility

 Root of many .NET capability  MSIL – Microsoft Intermediate Language  All languages that work with .NET have compilers that generate MSIL rather than machine code  MSIL and Metadata will be compiled into machine code

Compilation …. Code

Compiler

IL

Metadata

JIT Compiler

Execution

Compilation Example  A developer build an application in VB.NET  Compilation process generates IL code rather than binary machine code  When user actually runs the application, the CLR invokes a just-in time (JIT) compiler  This compiler runs on the user’s computer to compile the IL to machine code

Metadata  Provides an exact description of the component that were compiled to IL  COM inability to describe the component  Data is kept in XML so easily accessible and understandable  Describe component’s interface and so can be created and called by any language  Eliminates any reliance on the windows registry

Key design goals of CLR  Simpler and Faster development  Automatic Handling of memory Management and process communication  Tool support  Simple and safer deployment  Cross Language integration  Versioning and deployment support

Simple and Faster development  Less code more reuse  Provides rich set of functionality  Programs in .NET use this functionality and so less handwritting

Memory management and Process communication

 Unnecessary to use malloc to set aside space for an array in C++.  Need to just simple declaration statement  Handles references counting on instantiation  Automatic garbage collection for collecting objects no longer referenced by the application

Tool support  Designed to support multiple languages  Furnishes a rich set of object models that are useful to tools like designers, wizards ..  Third party tools can be easily incorporated  Cross language integration

Simple and safer deployment  Deployment is very easy because:  Applications in .NET are composed of assemblies which contains IL and metadata as previously stated  So both code and a complete descriptor of the code are in one package and self describing.  So there is no need to register anything in the registry

 Application produced in .NET framework can be easily copied and run using XCOPY

Cross Language Integration  Enable code written in one language to integrate with code written in other language  Include cross language inheritance, exception handling .  This can be done because there is a need to get the reference of other component through Metadata and metadata is language independent

Versioning Services  CLR supports side by side execution of multiple versions of the same component.  If one program want to use the component with particular version that it can get it from the metadata information

Class Libraries

Class Libraries  Base classes: input/output , string manipulation, security management, network communications, thread management, text management and other functions.  Data classes support persistent data management and include SQL classes for manipulating persistent data stores through a standard SQL interface.  XML classes enable XML data manipulation and XML searching and translations.

Class Libraries…  Web Forms include classes that enable you to rapidly develop web GUI applications.  Windows Forms support a set of classes that allow you to develop Windows GUI applications – facilitating drag-and-drop GUI development and providing a common, consistent development interface across all languages supported by the .NET Framework

Win Forms  .NET provides a single, unified way to create user interfaces outside of a browser environment - Win Forms  Win Forms provide a language-neutral way to create forms, add controls, and respond to the user's actions  Win Forms are not based on ActiveX  They are instances of classes in the .NET system class library.

Thank You.