Suresh

STUDY OF COMBUSTION PROCESS – BOILERS

A Mini-Project Report Submitted In Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirements For The Award Of The Degree Of BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Submitted By Mr. Srinivas Balakrishnan (050337)

Mr. D. Venkata Suresh Pranayajoshi (050345)

(050352) Mr. Sudhakar (050333)

Mr.CH.

Mr.T. Sivaji (050338) Under Estimated Guidance of Sri.Ch. Venkata Prasad M.E, MISTE.

Department of Mechanical Engineering St.Anns College of Engineering and Technology (Affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University) Chirala – 523155

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It is my bounded duty to acknowledge my gratefulness to the people who have helped me directly or indirectly to prepare this project. I am extremely thankful to Sri. K. Satyanarayana C.A general manager, for his kind cooperation by giving valuable suggestions and continuous support during the course of the project. At the outset I wish to record my gratitude to Sri. P. Uma Maheswar Rao, the production development manager of CAPOL, for his encouragement and valuable support. I express my sincere thanks to Sri. P. Ravi Kumar, HOD. And Sri. CH. Venkata Prasad, our project guide at SACET, Vetapalem, for giving continuous support in the period of project. Also I am very much thankful to the in charges of the plant and the staff who have cooperated with me.

Project Associates D. Venkata Suresh B. Srinivas CH. Pranayajoshi T. Sivaji S. Sudhakar

ABSTRACT The combustion calculations play an important role in STUDY OF COMBUSTION PROCESS. Combustion calculations by the designer are one of the first steps in proportioning the steam generator. The scope of these calculations would include the determination of thermal efficiencies of the boiler, economizer the calculation of air and gas weights. Combustion calculations were done as per the existing conditions in CAPOL (CORAMANDAL AGRO PRODUCTS & OILS LTD.), Jandrapeta, Chirala. Heat balance sheet is prepared for the obtain results.

CONTENTS 1. COAL………………………………………………………………………………..1

1.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………….1 1.2 Fuel for combustion…………………………………………………….1 1.3 Analysis of coal…………………………………………………………2 2. COAL BURNING METHODS…………………………………………………….8 2.1 Classification of coal burning methods…………………………………………….8 2.2 Pulverized fuel firing……………………………………………………………….9 2.3 Pulverized fuel and handling system………………………………………………10 2.4 Unit system………………………………………………………………………...11 2.5 Central or Bin system……………………………………………………………...13 3. COMBUSTION…………………………………………………………………….15 3.1 Combustion equipment for steam boilers…………………………………………15 3.2 The basic requirements of combustion equipment………………………………..16 3.3 Combustion for solid fuels selection consideration……………………………….16 3.4 Stages of combustion……………………………………………………………...19 3.5 Temperature profile of pulverized coal combustion………………………………19 3.6 Combustion reactions………………………………………………………..........20 3.7 Combustion of fuel………………………………………………………………..21 3.8 Combustion losses………………………………………………………………...26 3.9 Practical combustion……………………………………………………………….30 3.10 Fuels and corrosion……………………………………………………………….33 4. COMBUSTION CALCULATIONS……………………………………………….36 Data collection…………………………………………………………………………36 Solution………………………………………………………………………………..37 Heat balance sheet……………………………………………………………………..44 5. CONCLUSION ……………………………………………………………………..45

Department of Mechanical Engineering St.Anns College of Engineering and Technology CHIRALA

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project work entitled “THE STUDY OF COMBUSTION PROCESS – BOILERS” is a bonafide record carried out by Mr._________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________, who carried out under our guidance and supervision, as a partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Technology degree in the Department of

Mechanical engineering of J.N.T. University,

Hyderabad during the academic year 2007-2008.

Viva Voce Date : ____________________

Asst Prof. CH. V. Prasad

Prof. P. Ravi Kumar M.Tech, Ph.D

M.E, MISTE.

Internal Guide

Head of the Department