Broadband Home Area Networks

Broadband Area Networks – Fraunhofer Institute Home for Telecommunications Meeting the Needs of Heinrich-Hertz-Institut

Today and Tomorrow Berlin

K.-D. Langer

Heinrich-Hertz-Institut Fraunhofer EinsteinuferInstitute 37 Phone:for Telecommunications Fax: 10587 Berlin Berlin, eMail: Germany

Germany Internet: http://www.hhi.fraunhofer.de Phone +49 30 31002 457 e-mail [email protected]

Fraunhofer Institut Nachrichtentechnik Heinrich-Hertz-Institut

Outline • Present situation and requirements • Candidates for transmission media – PLC, DSL, Coax, STP – Fibre (glass & plastic) – Wireless (radio & infrared) • The challenge of networking

K.-D. Langer

• Conclusions Slide 2 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

Predictions on bit rates & significance per home

Standard-Def. TV HDTV

2 7 … 10

Super (ITU J.601)

50

Ultra (ITU J.601)

200

3D HDTV

Source: Currentanalysis, 2008

low medium heavy duty

Bandwidth (in Mbps) needed to receive 1 TV stream over the next 25 years (H.264)

≥ 280

K.-D. Langer

Æ 50 Mbps … 10 Gbps will appear in next 2 decades Æ Broadband access will be as important as supply of water, gas and electricity Slide 3 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

• Reach >100 m (structured cabling, star topology)

Floor Gateway / Distributor

50 / 100 m Home Gateway

Building Gateway / Distributor

Home Gateway

Home Network

Backbone Cabling

Gateway

Office

50 / 500 m

• Tailoring of inhouse network to FTTB & related technical Outside plant standards cabling

50 m

Home Network

In-house network topology

K.-D. Langer

Task: Extending FTTB to scenarios such as fibre-to-the-premises (FTTP) & fibre-to-the-desk (FTTD) Slide 4 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

Demands on home area networks • Home area network = segment with least sharing Æ highest relative cost / customer Æ cost efficiency

• Lifetime 30 years Æ future-proof Æ open to upgrading (scalability up to 10 Gbps)

• Robustness & easy handling Æ do it yourself (DIY) installation Æ tolerance to cable bending (low bending radius)

• System aspects Æ reliability (transmission medium + hardware) Æ low power consumption

• Networking Æ plug & play multimedia platform

K.-D. Langer

Candidates: PLC, UTP, STP, coax, optical fibres, wireless Slide 5 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

Outline • Present situation and requirements • Candidates for transmission media – PLC, DSL, Coax, STP – Fibre (glass & plastic) – Wireless (radio & infrared) • The challenge of networking

K.-D. Langer

• Conclusions Slide 6 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

Powerline communications (PLC) • Example of a home completely equipped with 200 Mbps PLC adapters: – achievable bit rates today: 27 … 63 Mbps – R&D target 1 Gbps (gross) • Issues are e.g. EMI, privacy plug & play

K.-D. Langer

Æ PLC is an interim solution Slide 7 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

Source: C’t No. 7, 2007

Line Rate [Mbps]

High-speed DSL solutions

Reach [km]

• VDSL2: 100 Mbps (symm.) feasible if DSLAM inside the building or close to it

K.-D. Langer

Close to the physical limits, limited robustness Æ interim solution Slide 8 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

Current shielded cables (coax + twisted pair) • Coax = part of in-house cabling (CATV), basically high BW Æ DOCSIS 3.0 provides 400 Mbps Type of cable (CAT)

Bandwidth (MHz)

Application

5 (5e)

100

GbE

6

250

Multimedia / ATM / GbE

6a

500

Multimedia / GbE

7

600

Multimedia / 10GE

K.-D. Langer

Cabling & assembly is difficult, however, today there is hardly a way around Slide 9 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

Outline • Present situation and requirements • Candidates for transmission media – PLC, DSL, Coax, STP – Fibre (glass & plastic) – Wireless (radio & infrared) • The challenge of networking

K.-D. Langer

• Conclusions Slide 10 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

Glass optical fibres: SMF

Type Standard SMF (G.652.D) Low bending loss SMF (G.657.A/B)

Core/ Cladding-∅ (µm)

Bandwidth (MHz⋅km)

Reach (m) @10 Gbps

9/ 125

“∞“ 1)

10.0001)

1) depends on optical source

K.-D. Langer

Transmission performance is no issue, however deployment, assembly etc. are Æ still costly

Slide 11 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

Glass optical fibres: MMF Bandwidth (MHz⋅km)

Reach (m) @10 Gbps

OM2

500

80

OM2+

950

150

2000

300

4700

550

Type

MMF

OM3 OM3+

Core/ Cladding-∅ (µm)

50/ 125

600 m MMF transmission @ 40 Gbps

K.-D. Langer

2006

MMF widely used in LANs, assembly more competitive, sufficient margins in transmission performance Slide 12 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

Step index POF transmission state of the art • Wide range of p2p applications covered @ few 100 m reach • First products for indoor cabling available

10000 Bit Rate [Mbps]

Laser-based 1000

LED-based

100

Achievements of various labs

• Ø 1 mm Æ fit for do-it-yourself Reach [m] 10

K.-D. Langer

1

Slide 13DieMount 2008 Source: Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

10

Still margins left in transmission performance (e.g. by advanced modulation)

100

1000

Home area transmission media: bending performance

37 2 00

PG 1

40 0 P4

Sc h o

5

SM C N

tt

Cur ve Clea r

10

00 0

HC S

20 15

Mits ub is hi G H4 0 0

Ultr a Sil 330

25

G.65 7.B

Bend radius* [mm]

30

G.65 7.D

35

2

40

0 SMF

MMF

Multicore

SI-POF

CAT6

K.-D. Langer

Request for indoor cabling < 5 mm rarely met Slide 14 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

*) according to manufacturers

Goals of tailored fibre design • Ultra-low bending radius Æ highly flexible cords and cables • Optimized transmission properties • High core diameter Æ relaxed fitting tolerances Source: NTT/ Mitsubishi, ECOC 2004

K.-D. Langer

Æ Attractive for in-house use, prospects not yet clear Slide 15 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

Example: fibre optical wiring à la NTT

K.-D. Langer

Exclusively available with NTT equipment Slide 16 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

2008

Outline • Present situation and requirements • Candidates for transmission media – PLC, DSL, Coax, STP – Fibre (glass & plastic) – Wireless (radio & infrared) • The challenge of networking

K.-D. Langer

• Conclusions Slide 17 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

Standards for radio LAN applications Bit Rate [Mbps]

• > 100 Mbps @ few 10 metres reach feasible

Ultra wideband (UWB)

WLAN

• Shared medium, increasingly crowded cells, EMI, … Bluetooth

K.-D. Langer

Capacity too tight for broadband home networking Slide 18 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

Reach [m]

Indoor optical wireless (OW) communications • OW communications using IR and/ or visible light • No EMI/ EMC, no e-smog • Non-directed transmission @ >100 Mbps • Directed transmission @1 Gbps for hot-spots

K.-D. Langer

Æ Radio and OW for last meter to access point however, no alternative to a wired high-speed backbone Slide 19 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

Outline • Present situation and requirements • Candidates for transmission media – PLC, DSL, Coax, STP – Fibre (glass & plastic) – Wireless (radio & infrared) • The challenge of networking

K.-D. Langer

• Conclusions Slide 20 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

Vision of the OMEGA R&D project • Target: Gbps home area network w/o new wires by – jointly using present transmission media – extending them by means of radio & optical wireless

FTTH

Major challenge: interworking of systems Æ convergence layer between media access (MAC) and network layer

Legacy vs. new cabling in multi-dwelling units

Network segment

Legacy cabling

Home

PLC

Horizontal UTP, Coaxial Riser

Transitional phase Shielded twisted pair (STP)

New cabling Fibre (glass & plastic)

Fibre (glass) STP, Fibre (glass)

K.-D. Langer

Transitional phase potentially a longer period of time Slide 22 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

Conclusions (1) Once fibre has entered the building … • Legacy cabling – 100 Mbps to the home more or less feasible (xDSL, coax) – however, linking/ networking inside homes needs fibre (POF, glass), PLC may assist

• New cabling – for riser & horizontal, glass optical fibre is most promising, inside homes too, incl. POF

• Transitional phase

K.-D. Langer

– STP, coax, radio are helpful, ductwork is essential

Slide 23 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

Conclusions (2) • Glass – the only solution for 10 Gbps – bending performance ok (more or less) – low-cost connectors needed

• POF – DIY properties, well applicable in homes up to 1 Gbps

• Wireless – no alternative to wired backbone

K.-D. Langer

– however, excellent for linking high-speed mobile terminals to the backbone Slide 24 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI

Thank you for your attention !

K.-D. Langer

K.-D. Langer ([email protected])

Slide 25 Feb-09 © Fraunhofer HHI