Breathing Lessons
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BREATHING LESSONS Q&A Your name:
Michael Wakefield
Date:
2/25/06
Use this interview sheet to keep track of the people to whom you speak and what they say. Use a new sheet for each interview.
■ 1. WHEN HE ENTERED THE EMERGENCY ROOM, TOM’S HEARTBEAT RATE WAS HOW MUCH GREATER THAN THE AVERAGE HEARTBEAT RATE IDENTIFIED IN CLASS?
■ Answer: •
Tom’s was 130bpm, 70-75bpm is considered average. His was 60bpm higher than normal.
■ 2. GIVEN ONLY HIS HEARTBEAT RATE, WOULD YOU EXPECT HIS BLOOD PRESSURE TO BE HIGH, LOW OR JUST WHAT IT SHOULD BE? o
Answer: •
High
■ 3. TOM WAS HYPERVENTILATING. WHAT SHOULD HAVE BEEN HAPPENING TO TOM’S BLOOD LEVELS OF CARBON DIOXIDE? o
Answer: •
Lowering
■ 4. TOM HAD A BLOOD CLOT IN HIS LUNGS. WHY WAS THE CLOT CALLED AN EMBOLUS AND NOT A THROMBUS? o
Answer: •
The blood clot had traveled from the originating location (thrombus) in his leg.
■ 5. WHY DOES A PERSON FEEL SHORTNESS OF BREATH JUST BECAUSE THERE IS LESS BLOOD FLOWING TO THE LUNGS? o
Answer: •
The lungs detect less blood flow and constrict the alveoli capillaries. As a result the person will feel shortness of breath.
■ 6. WHEN CARBON DIOXIDE ACCULMULATES IN AN ACTIVE MUSCLE, THE BLOOD VESSLES DILATE IN ORDER TO BRING IN FRESH OXYGENATED BLOOD. THIS IS CALLED AUTOREGULATION.
A: HOW DO BLOOD VESSELS IN THE LUNGS RESPOND TO EXCESS BLOOD LEVELS OF CO2? o
Answer: •
B. HOW DO THE AVEOLI RESPOND TO LOW BLOOD FLOW? o
Answer •
They dilate to allow for O2/CO2 gas exchange with the aveoli in the lungs.
They constrict to reduce surface area.
C. WHAT IS ACCOMPLISHED BY THESE TWO ADJUSTMENTS? o
Answer: •
Ventilation-Perfusion.
■ 7. “THAT SETS UP A VICIOUS CYCLE OF NO BLOOD FLOW LEADING TO NO AIR FLOW LEADING TO NO BLOOD FLOW ETC.” WHAT KIND OF A FEEDBACK CYCLE IS THIS? o
Answer: •
Negative feedback cycle.
■ 8. WHAT IS PROBABLY HAPPENING TO THE BLOOD PRESSURE IN TOM’S PULMONARY VESSELS? o
Answer: •
Decreasing due to the blockage in his lower extremities.
■ 9. BASED ON YOUR ANSWER TO THE PREVIOUS QUESTION, WHAT ABNORMAL LUNG CONDITION IS TOM GOING TO DEVELOP AND WHY? o
Answer: •
Respiratory Acidosis
•
Unable to get rid of CO2 in the blood
■ 10. BASED UPON WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED IN CLASS, WAS TOM’S BLOOD PRESSURE NORMAL?
o
Answer A: •
Could be considered normal but not for someone of his age and size.
■ 11. THE ARTICLE IS MISLEADING. WHY DO YOU GIVE A PATIENT HEPARIN? o
Answer: •
As an anticoagulant, usually during a blood transfusion.
■ 12. WHAT SHOULD YOU GIVE TOM TO GET RID OF A CLOT HE ALREADY HAS? o
Answer: •
TPA or Streptokinase.
■ 13. FROM LAST QUARTER, WHY WAS TOM FEELING PAIN IN THE LOWER ABDOMEN? o
Answer: •
The clot triggered inflammation in his lower extremities.
Michael Wakefield
Date:
2/25/06
Use this interview sheet to keep track of the people to whom you speak and what they say. Use a new sheet for each interview.
■ 1. WHEN HE ENTERED THE EMERGENCY ROOM, TOM’S HEARTBEAT RATE WAS HOW MUCH GREATER THAN THE AVERAGE HEARTBEAT RATE IDENTIFIED IN CLASS?
■ Answer: •
Tom’s was 130bpm, 70-75bpm is considered average. His was 60bpm higher than normal.
■ 2. GIVEN ONLY HIS HEARTBEAT RATE, WOULD YOU EXPECT HIS BLOOD PRESSURE TO BE HIGH, LOW OR JUST WHAT IT SHOULD BE? o
Answer: •
High
■ 3. TOM WAS HYPERVENTILATING. WHAT SHOULD HAVE BEEN HAPPENING TO TOM’S BLOOD LEVELS OF CARBON DIOXIDE? o
Answer: •
Lowering
■ 4. TOM HAD A BLOOD CLOT IN HIS LUNGS. WHY WAS THE CLOT CALLED AN EMBOLUS AND NOT A THROMBUS? o
Answer: •
The blood clot had traveled from the originating location (thrombus) in his leg.
■ 5. WHY DOES A PERSON FEEL SHORTNESS OF BREATH JUST BECAUSE THERE IS LESS BLOOD FLOWING TO THE LUNGS? o
Answer: •
The lungs detect less blood flow and constrict the alveoli capillaries. As a result the person will feel shortness of breath.
■ 6. WHEN CARBON DIOXIDE ACCULMULATES IN AN ACTIVE MUSCLE, THE BLOOD VESSLES DILATE IN ORDER TO BRING IN FRESH OXYGENATED BLOOD. THIS IS CALLED AUTOREGULATION.
A: HOW DO BLOOD VESSELS IN THE LUNGS RESPOND TO EXCESS BLOOD LEVELS OF CO2? o
Answer: •
B. HOW DO THE AVEOLI RESPOND TO LOW BLOOD FLOW? o
Answer •
They dilate to allow for O2/CO2 gas exchange with the aveoli in the lungs.
They constrict to reduce surface area.
C. WHAT IS ACCOMPLISHED BY THESE TWO ADJUSTMENTS? o
Answer: •
Ventilation-Perfusion.
■ 7. “THAT SETS UP A VICIOUS CYCLE OF NO BLOOD FLOW LEADING TO NO AIR FLOW LEADING TO NO BLOOD FLOW ETC.” WHAT KIND OF A FEEDBACK CYCLE IS THIS? o
Answer: •
Negative feedback cycle.
■ 8. WHAT IS PROBABLY HAPPENING TO THE BLOOD PRESSURE IN TOM’S PULMONARY VESSELS? o
Answer: •
Decreasing due to the blockage in his lower extremities.
■ 9. BASED ON YOUR ANSWER TO THE PREVIOUS QUESTION, WHAT ABNORMAL LUNG CONDITION IS TOM GOING TO DEVELOP AND WHY? o
Answer: •
Respiratory Acidosis
•
Unable to get rid of CO2 in the blood
■ 10. BASED UPON WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED IN CLASS, WAS TOM’S BLOOD PRESSURE NORMAL?
o
Answer A: •
Could be considered normal but not for someone of his age and size.
■ 11. THE ARTICLE IS MISLEADING. WHY DO YOU GIVE A PATIENT HEPARIN? o
Answer: •
As an anticoagulant, usually during a blood transfusion.
■ 12. WHAT SHOULD YOU GIVE TOM TO GET RID OF A CLOT HE ALREADY HAS? o
Answer: •
TPA or Streptokinase.
■ 13. FROM LAST QUARTER, WHY WAS TOM FEELING PAIN IN THE LOWER ABDOMEN? o
Answer: •
The clot triggered inflammation in his lower extremities.
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