Blood And Blood Group

Blood and Blood Group

Blood Blood is an interesting part of the

body.

• Blood constitutes about 7% of a person’s weight. • Inside the body a woman has on average 5 liters of blood. • Man has on average 6½ liters of blood. Blood flows everywhere through the human body.

Blood Function Blood has three important functions Defense & Regulation

: Transport,

The heart pumps blood to all our body cells, supplying them with oxygen and food. Blood also carries proteins and cell fragments called platelets that let blood clot where there has been an injury.

Transport of Substance • • • •

Oxygen from lungs Carbon dioxide to lungs Nutrients from the intestine to the liver Heat (regulation of temperature)

Defense

Regulation

• Blood loss • Microbes • Toxins

• ph • Temperature • Hydration of Cells

Waste products from matter to liver and kidneys • Hormones •

Blood Parts Blood consists of four different parts: Red Blood Cell

Red blood cells are also known as RBCs, red blood corpuscles (an archaic term), haematids or erythrocyte

These cells carry oxygen. White blood cells (WBCs), or leukocytes (also spelled "leucocytes"),

are cells of the immune system defending the body against both infectious disease and foreign materials

There are five types of white blood cells. Platelets

Platelets are essential fragments of cells in the blood stream that help to form clots, so bleeding does not occur continuously. Plasma

Plasma is the liquid in which blood cells and nutrients travel through the blood stream. It's a golden yellow colored. There is about 2 - 3 liters of plasma in the average adult human body. Plasma also contains important proteins

Blood Type (Blood Group ) Not everyone has the same blood type! Blood type refers to features of the person’s red blood cells. A blood type (also called a blood group) is a classification of blood based on the presence or absence of inherited antigenic substances on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). These antigens may be proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, or glycolipids, depending on the blood group system.

Blood Group System The two main blood group systems in transfusion practice are the ABO system and the Rh(D) type. • • •

About half of us are blood group O The next most common is blood group A. Few people have type B, and even fewer have type AB.

ABO system Within the ABO system, people can be one of four groups - O, A, B or AB, while in the Rh(D) system they can be either Rh(D) positive or Rh(D) negative. People whose red cells have a particular feature called the “ D antigen” are Rh positive. People who lack the factor are Rh negative.

Blood Donor Chart