Bisleri International Ltd

OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT

BISLERI INTERNATIONAL PVT.LTD

ByHiral Mehta -61 Saurabh Mehta -62 Kruti Mehta -73 Abhishek Pathak -75 Atul Ratnaparkhi -85 Isha Sanghavi 97 Sachin Shingare -101 Urvi Gala -108 Souvik Sen 109 1

Nirgarvi Vaidya -117 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

“If a man waited for the time When he could do things best He would have done nothing”

Written words have an unfortunate tendency to reduce genuine gratitude into silted formality. However we feel that this is the only way to record one’s gratitude.

When all work is done, it is a pleasant job to thank all those who were at every instant supervising us and ensuring the completion of the decoded work.

The successful completion of our project can be attributed to the combined efforts made by us and the contribution made in one form or other by individuals we hereby acknowledged.

We are extremely thankful to our project guide Prof. Kane for his outstanding efforts and for being with us right from the beginning of our project and guiding us at every step.

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Objectives of the project

1. The project will helped us to understand how different departments in production process works. 2. We will come to know how to do effective management of inbound logistics and outbound logistics, which in turn helps in bringing down the cost for the organization. 3. With the help of this project we would come to know different stages of production. i.e. inputs, conversion subsystem and finished goods stage. 4. To understand how and what types of machines are used while production 5. To understand what are the factors which is to be considered while selecting the plant layout. 6. To do the ABC analysis of Bisleri inventory.

Methodology of the Study

The methodology mainly involves visiting Bisleri industry and collecting data from website Following are the data collected for Project 1) Primary Data: This data was collected on visit to the Bisleri Industry (Andheri E)

2) Secondary data: This data was collected mainly taken on the and from website and also the marketing head of bisleri Ms Rekha provided us with the information.

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Table Of Content

Sr.No

Particulars

1.

About the Industry

2.

About Bisleri

3.

Departments in M/s Parle Bisleri Pvt. Ltd.

4.

Production System Model

5.

Production System

6.

Production Process

7.

Planning for production function

8.

Plant Location

9.

Plant Layout

10.

Principles of Plant Layout

11.

ABC Analysis

12.

Conclusion

Page No

Certificate of bisleri Visiting card

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About the Industry Corporate control over water and water distribution in India is growing rapidly: the packaged water business is worth Rs 1,000 crore, and it's growing at a huge 40-50% annually. Around 1,200 bottling plants and 100 brands of packaged water across the country are battling over the market, overdrawing groundwater, and robbing local communities of their water resources and livelihoods Bottled water, one of India's fastest-growing industries, is a business built on the foundation of bad governance, inequity and blatant exploitation. Hard to believe, but the evidence is becoming clearer. According to UNDP estimates, around 1.2 billion people worldwide lack access to clean drinking water. Today, there are more people in the world's hospitals suffering from waterborne diseases than any other ailment. Some 6,000 children die of such diseases every day. Providing safe drinking water is the responsibility of the state. That they are failing miserably is evident from the fact that over 1,600 Indians reportedly die every day because of waterborne diseases. Despite these astounding figures, the Indian state has literally washed its hands of the responsibility of providing clean drinking water to its citizens.When one in six people globally lives without access to clean drinking water, does the answer lie in hightech water purifiers and bottled water that's out of reach for a majority of the Indian population? Multinational corporations would have us believe so. And the reason is not hard to find: along with imported water treatment technology like activated carbon and ultra violet (UV) disinfection (Aquaguard), reverse osmosis (Reviva) and resins (Zero-B), the water treatment market is estimated to be worth around Rs 700 crore. The bottled water industry is estimated to be a whopping Rs 1,000 crore business. Ithas grown at a rate of 40-50% annually over the past 5

four years or so. According to the Bureau of Indian Standards, there are 1,200 bottled water factories all over India (of which 600 are in the state of Tamil Nadu). Corporate control over water and water distribution in India is rapidly growing. As globalisation opens up opportunities for private players, investing in water and/or manipulating water scarcity makes increasingly good business sense for corporations.

Over 100 brands are battling over the bottled water market, hard-selling their products in every way possible -- better margins to dealers, aggressive advertising, catchy slogans. The real boost to bottled water came in the early- to mid-1980s with the growth of PVC packaging and, later, PET bottles.

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About Bisleri

Mineral Water under the name 'Bisleri' was first introduced in Mumbai in glass bottles in two varieties - bubbly & still in 1965 by Bisleri Ltd., a company of Italian origin. This company was started by Signor Felice Bisleri who first brought the idea of selling bottled water in India. Parle bought over Bisleri (India) Ltd. In 1969 & started bottling Mineral water in glass bottles underthe brand name 'Bisleri'. Later Parle switched over to PVC non-returnable bottles & finally advanced to PET containers. Since 1995 Mr. Ramesh J. Chauhan has started expanding Bisleri operations substantially and the turn over has multiplied more than 20 times over a period of 10 years and the average growth rate has been around 40% over this period. Presently we have 8 plants & 11 franchisees all over India. We have our presence covering the entire span of India. In our future ventures we look to 7

put up four more plants in 06-07. We command a 60% market share of the organized market. Overwhelming popularity of 'Bisleri' & the fact that we pioneered bottled water in India, has made us synonymous to Mineral water & a household name. When you think of bottled water, you think Bisleri.

We at Bisleri they value their customers & therefore have developed 8 unique pack sizes to suit the need of every individual. They at present have 50ml cups, 250ml bottles, 500ml, 1L, 1.5L, 2L which are the non-returnable packs & 5L, 20L which are the returnable packs. Till date the Indian consumer has been offered Bisleri water, however in their effort to bring to consumers something refreshingly new, they have introduced Bisleri Natural Mountain Water - water brought to you from the foothills of the mountains situated in Himachal Pradesh. Hence their product range now comprises of two variants : Bisleri with added minerals & Bisleri Mountain Water. It is their commitment to offer every Indian pure & clean drinking water. Bisleri Water is put through multiple stages of purification, ozonised & finally packed for consumption. Rigorous R&D & stringent quality controls has made us a market leader in the bottled water segment. Strict hygiene conditions are maintained in all plants. In our endeavour to maintain strict quality controls each unit purchases performs & caps only from approved vendors. They produce our own bottles in-house.

Departments in M/s Parle Bisleri Pvt. Ltd. “M/S Parle Bisleri Pvt. Ltd.” It is a medium scale company and it manufactures and sells “Packaged Drinking Water” The different departments of this company are: 1. Filler Department: -

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This is the plant in which the bottles are filled and packed under strict levels of hygiene and safety as per the EU norms. 2. Plastics Department: -

•

Caps Section

•

Preforms Section

This is the Department where pet material is processed to make preforms using 6 Ekou injection moulding machine of 180 and 330 tonnes as per the requirements of the preform.

Preforms are available in various sizes according to the size of bottle.

Bottle Sizes 1 ltr 500 ml 250 ml 1.5 ltr 2 ltr 5 ltr 20 ltr

Preform Sizes 21gms 17gms 15gms 32 gms 34 gms 75 gms 710 gms 9

Caps are made from a mixture of HDPE and LLDPE using 4 Cincinnati Milacron and 2 Windsor injection-moulding machines. 3. Water Treatment Plant: -

Over here the Raw water from the bore wells is treated in several stages before it is filled thus making it very pure for human use.

4. Blowing Department: -

Over here the preforms are blown into bottles. This department has various manual and fully automatic stretch blow moulding machines. 5. Water Testing Laboratory: -

The water-testing lab ensures that the water safety standards are maintained as per the BIS and EU norms. 6. HORAI Department (Grinding Department): -

All rejected bottles, caps, jars and lumps of plastic material are sent over here for grinding in order to re-use it. Before it can be grinded it is very carefully segregated in different groups. They also buy plastic bottles from outside and grind them for resale. It is a fully automatic plant 7. Stores Department: -

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All the stock of finished, semi-finished goods are stored over here and are dispatched as per the orders. Up to 50 tonnes of stock are dispatched in a day.

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INPUTS

CONVERSION

OUTPUT

Environment Legal FDA, BIS, BMC Technological automatic inj. Mldg. m/c, auto blow mldg. m/c. Market

Competition with Aquafina, Kinley etc. Customer Desire 50 m.l., 100 m.l., 25 litres and low price

Primary Resources

Material: -

Water from bore wells HDPE, LLDPE, PET.

Physical

Bisleri Bottles

Manufacturing Locational Services

Transportation Exchange

Services Wholesaler Refill Other Private Services

Utility Personnel: -

Plastics Engineering, Production Managers.

Control Subsystem

Sealed bottle, FDA, Quality Control

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Production System Model Inputs Environment 1) Legal: Parle Bisleri being a company involved in selling water which is fit for consumption it comes under the FDA, it also follows the standards of BIS. Therefore ensuring its quality and the public perceive the right image of being 100% safe. 2) Technological: Parle Bisleri believes in keeping up with times and they are trying constantly to increase their share market. This is the reason Bisleri has automatic Injection Moulding Machine in order to increase their production capacity 3 folds. Bisleri already has 2 automatic Blow Moulding Machines. Market 1)

Competition: Parle Bisleri Pvt. Ltd. 1992 at that time Bisleri enjoyed almost a complete monopoly. Recently however, companies like Pepsi and Coco cola have entered the market to give tough competition to Bisleri by introducing brands like kinley and Aquafina.

2)

Customer desire:Bisleri has become a household name to the extent that people instead of calling it packaged water are calling it Bisleri.

3)

More options: Bisleri was the first company in India to increase its products in packaged drinking water ranging from 500ml to 20 litres. 13

Primary resources: 1)

Material: The raw water is obtained from bore wells. The bottles are made from polymers such as HDPE, LLDPE and PET.

2)

Personnel: Bisleri requires mostly skilled and semi skilled labourers. The skilled labourers include production and plastic engineers.

3)

Capital assets: Bisleri has got 14 injection moulding machines, 2 automatic blow moulding machines and 4 semi automatic blow moulding machines. It has also got 2 plants located side by side for production purposes.

Conversion Subsystem 1) Physical: Parle Bisleri Pvt. Ltd is considered to be a manufacturing unit as it manufactures the semi finished product i.e. bottles and caps and also produces the finished products. 2) Exchange services: The distribution network of Bisleri is maintained by its distributors and wholesalers. To supply to big corporates they have their own distribution network. 3) Outputs: The final output of whole manufacturing process is we get clean pure drinking water in bottles of different sizes according to the needs of the consumers. 14

Control subsystem The motto of Bisleri is “play safe” and Bisleri has implemented every measure to produce the safest product possible. It has employed measures such as:1)

The quality of every single raw material that goes into the products are minutely inspected in order to ensure optimum quality standards.

2)

The caps of all the bottles are tamper proof so when the consumer buys a Bisleri product he ensures that the product is untampered.

3)

The production process of Bisleri is such that a human hand never touches a Bisleri product.

4)

There is 24 hours quality checking so that no defective product reaches the consumer.

Production System Mass production: 15

Mass Production is the name given to the method of producing goods in large quantities at low cost per unit. But mass production, although allowing lower prices, does not have to mean lowquality production. Instead, mass-produced goods are standardized by means of precisionmanufactured, interchangeable parts. The mass production process itself is characterized by mechanization to achieve high volume, elaborate organization of materials flow through various stages of manufacturing, careful supervision of quality standards, and minute division of labour. To make it worthwhile, mass production requires mass consumption. Until relatively recent times the only large-scale demand for standardized, uniform products came from military organizations. The major experiments that eventually led to mass production were first performed under the aegis of the military. Effects on the organization of work: The development of mass production transformed the organization of work in three important ways. First, tasks were minutely subdivided and performed by unskilled workers, or at least semiskilled workers, since much of the skill was built into the machine. Second, manufacturing concerns grew to such size that a large hierarchy of supervisors and managers became necessary. Third, the increasing complexity of operations required employment of a large management staff of accountants, engineers, chemists, and, later, social psychologists, in addition to a large distribution and sales force.

Production Process 1) The raw material (HDPE, LLDPE, PET) that is stored in the warehouses is transported to the processing plant near by. 16

2) In the cap department where caps are produced. HDPE and LLDPE which are in the form of granules are emptied into the hopper of the injection moulding machine with a colorant and the caps are produced of the characteristics green colour of Bisleri. The caps that are produced are automatically packed into cartons. This semi finished product is transported, after quality testing has been done, to what is called the filling department. In the caps department there are 7 injection moulding machines

3) In the preforms department which is located in next to the cap department it is located in the same plant. In the preforms department PET material is used to manufacture preforms which are semi finished bottles. They are produced by using injection moulding machine. After the preforms are tested by the quality assurance department, they are packed in cartons and transported to the filling department. In the preforms department there are 7 injection moulding machines

4) In the blowing department the preforms which are obtained from the preforms department are blown to form bottles. There are a total of 2 fully automatic blowing machines which are directly connected from to the filler. There are about 5 more semi automatic and automatic blowing machines which are producing bottles everyday.

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5) The filling department is situated in a closed and a controlled environment to maintain the hygiene. The bottles are transported from one operation to another on conveyor belt. The bottles are directly loaded onto the conveyor belt, first bottles passed through UV light to kill the bacteria, then the bottles are cleaned by pure water, then the bottles are filled to the desired quantity and then they are automatically capped, then the sticker is put on the bottles and the price, manufacturing date, batch number are printed by spraying machine on the bottle itself, then the bottles pass through a screen of white light where workers manually check all the bottles for any defects, lastly they are packed in cartons and stored in the warehouse ready for transportation to its destination.

6) All the waste bottles are separated and they collected and send to the recycling department for recycling where they are cleaned, grinded to a coarse powder which is again used in the manufacturing process thus reducing wastages and being environmentally friendly. This plant is also used for recycling of outside PET bottles and thus earning extra revenue.

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7) In the water treatment plant the water form the 8 bore wells are stored in the Chlorinated Raw Water Tank (CRWT), the chlorine in this tank is used to kill the germs, after that the water goes through the sand filter where the solid wastes are removed, after this the water passes through the carbon filter to remove the foul odour, then the water passes through the Ultra Violet Light Chamber where the Water passes through it to cure the bacteria and viruses, then the water passes through a reverse osmosis process to remove the dead membranes of bacteria and viruses, then the water is passes through the silverisation chamber to give the sparkle to the water, then the water passes through the ozonisation process to remove the chlorine and to remove the and its stale odour.

Raw Water

Chlorinated Raw Water Tank

Carbon Filter

U.V. Filter

Silverisation

Sand Filter

Reverse Osmosis

Ozonisation

Water Purification Process of Parle Bisleri Pvt. Ltd.

Planning for production function 1) Material

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Without materials there can be no output. Material input may account for as much as 80% of the value of the output. This fact indicates the importance to be attached to material purchasing. The materials required for the production process of packaged drinking water are: A) Raw water B) HDPE C) LLDPE D) PET E) Recycled PET granules F) Cartons G) Stickers 2)

Methods This function analyses possible methods of manufacture and tries to define the best method compatible with a given set of circumstances and facilities. The application of methods engineering ranges from the production of goods to designing of a new plant or new processes or improvement of the workplace. Wherever work is being is done, method is a desirable function to ensure that the work is being done in the easiest; safest and most productive manner. The method for producing packaged drinking water starts with the production of bottles and caps. After that the semi finished products are transported from the cap and performs division to the filling division where the caps are added to the filling machines and the performs to the corresponding size of the bottle, these bottles are then added to the conveyor belt to complete the process of filling the bottle automatically. After the bottle is filled to the desired level the bottle is automatically capped and then sticker is put on the bottle the price is printed through a spray gun. Then it is visually inspected and after that put into cartons readily for delivery. 20

3)

Machines and Equipment Industrial production is closely related to available production facilities coupled with appropriate machine and equipments. Considerations: 1) Equipments can be purchased fresh or second hand 2) Equipment can be lease or rented 3) Equipment can be fabricated within the plant Machines used in Bisleri are injection moulding machines for the production of preforms and caps. For making bottles blow moulding machines are used to blow the bottles to the required size and shape of the bottles by the use of moulds. Automatic fillers are employed for the purpose for clean and efficient filling of the bottles with the least amount of rejection.

4)

Routing The determination of where each operation on a component part, subassembly or assembly is to be performed results in a route for the movement of a manufacturing lot through the factory. A generalised routing can be determined depending upon the size of the building and is established by departments such as machine shop, assembly, finishing, inspection and so on. A detailed routing indicates the specific work station or machine to be used for each operation. Industrial production is closely related to available production facilities coupled with appropriate machine and equipments. Considerations: 1) Equipments can be purchased fresh or second hand 2) Equipment can be lease or rented 3) Equipment can be fabricated within the plant

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The route of the production process is designed in such a way that in process transportation is at a minimum. The plant layout is in such a way that it is easy to transport the semifinished product. First comes the semi finished product then it is blown filled and sealed, now ready for delivery. 5)

Estimating This function involves the extensive use of operation analysis in conjunction with methods and routing as well as work measurement. Estimating is a special type of forecasting. Predicting what new things will cost before they are made is partly guess work. Some companies making engineering type production to order have a “preplanning” department which helps to make cost estimates. Its main duties are to decide on the purchase of tools and component parts. Bisleri being an old company has being estimate the demand for its production due to its past experience it is able to estimate the demand. As a general rule the demand for Bisleri is very less but the production of Bisleri continues as the demand in summer is so high that the production cannot keep pace with the production requirement. They also take help of market surveys and past trends to determine the production requirements.

6)

Loading and Scheduling: Both scheduling and loading help in production planning. Scheduling refers to the preparation of a time table for various operations covering the beginning and finishing times of various operations. Loading refers to the time gap for various work loads booked in advance for different products. Thus scheduling guarantees the observation of delivery times and loading guarantees the maximum utilisation of the available facilities.

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According to the schedule of the delivery and amount to be delivered and where they are to be delivered the trucks are loaded to be sent to wholesalers and retailers 7)

Dispatching: Dispatching refers to the actual issuing of orders for performing operations in different sections or units. It involves the following steps: 1) To make raw materials, equipments, tools and machines available to the worker 2) To provide route sheets, charts and scheduled along with information and instructions 3) To issue orders and instructions in writing about the method of work and time for completion 4) To note start and finish time of each process 5) To evaluate the performance and progress of production schedule 6) To introduce suitable changes in schedules Distribution of the bottles is done using trucks of different sizes if the deliver has to be done in the city the smaller trucks are used which are of Eicher. If the delivery has to be made outstation then the larger Tata Trucks are used. The normal distribution to the distributors within the city the delivery takes place 7:00 a.m. every morning except Sunday.

8)

Follow Up: The effectiveness of any production control system is dependent upon timely and adequate information regarding actual performance. This information usually originates with the dispatcher. The reporting of jobs completed is important but it is more important that delays in production be anticipated and work that is lagging behind the anticipated production rate be reported instantly to the production manager. Sound production control makes this reporting and the system of counter checks by follow up automatic. Effective corrective action is based on these reports.

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After the delivery has been made the marketing people visit the retailer, wholesalers, distributors for their complaints if any written and left for the consideration of their superiors. 9)

Inspection: Inspection is an integral aspect of quality control programme. It helps in maintaining and raising the quality of products. Inspection judges production against established standards. It is the method by which one may decide to reject or accept a certain group of items. These items are inspected with certain predetermined standards. These are accepted if they conform to the specifications, otherwise they are rejected. A corrective measure can also be suggested to ensure that future products conform to the specification. Thus, inspection can also be termed as a sorting process which classifies the products as acceptable or unacceptable. There is a very efficient quality control process followed by Parle Bisleri Pvt. Ltd. it inspects everything from the water to the bottles and the tamper-proof ness of the caps is also looked into very regularly, in fact it is one the main issues in quality control of the company. The first thing the quality control head does is to check the previous days rejection and to finds its individual reasons of rejection and steps if required.

10) Evaluating: Evaluating is the important link between control and future planning. Evaluating function provides a feedback mechanism on a longer term basis so that past experience can be evaluated with a view to improve use of methods and facilities. Operations of Parle Bisleri are inspected by FDA (food and drug associations) Bisleri also follows BIS (Board of Indian Standards).

Plant Location 24

An ideal plant location may not be enough by itself to ensure the success of the enterprise but it surely ensures the smooth running of a factory and makes it efficient a bad location on the other hand is severe handicap and it is very and may finally bankrupt the organisation. The need for selection of the location may arise when a business is started or for the purpose of expansion or for opening branches etc.

Analysis of Bisleri on the location of its Factory Analysis of a factory is carried on the basis of following steps A) Deciding on domestic or international location Parle Bisleri Pvt, Ltd is a national company therefore the plant will be located within the country.

B)

Selection of Region 1)

Availability of Raw Material: a) The main raw material for any bottling plant is water the location that the has been selected has 4 bore wells on site enough to supply water for whole year round such that the company does not have rely on BMC for its water. b) The other raw material it requires is HDPE, LLDPE for the production of caps. PET for the production of bottles, the granules of these are easily available because all the polymer manufacturing companies i.e. RELIANCE and IPCL have distributors in MUMBAI. 25

2)

Nearness to the market: Mumbai is one of the biggest city in India and the market in Mumbai is very large due to the fact the people here are more hygiene conscious. The factory is located right next to the western express highway therefore making it easier for it to transport the finished goods to the different parts of the city as well out station as well as out state.

3)

Availability of power: Parle Bisleri is located in a industrial area therefore there is abundant power available Parle Bisleri gets it power from TATA Power they have provided a substation to meet the needs of the factory.

4)

Transport facility: Bisleri has a fleet of trucks to meet the deliver needs of the company they Eicher trucks and they also transport the finished goods and semi – finished goods out of the state as well as within the city. The fleet is of about 10 trucks.

5)

Suitability of Climate: Bisleri is located in Mumbai which is in the temperate zone therefore the temperature are moderate and this area being in near the coast gets high rainfall which is essential for the year round supply of water.

C) Selection Of community 26

1)

Availability of labour: Parle Bisleri Pvt. Ltd. is located in the city of Mumbai which is a metropolitan city it has abundant skilled, semi-skilled and manual or unskilled labour.

2)

Civic Amenities for workers: Parle Bisleri is located in the heart of Mumbai city and it is located very next to western express highway which is connected to every part of the city and Mumbai has excellent public transport it also has excellent canteen facilities for workers which give food to the workers at a subsidized rate.

Plant Layout The subject plant layout refers to the arrangement of machinery, equipment and other industrial facilities such as receiving and shipping departments, tool rooms, maintenance rooms and employee amenities – for the purpose of achieving the quickest and smoothest production at the least cost. Bisleri plant at Andheri (E) has two different plants where the complete production takes place. In the one plant the cap and the bottle preforms are manufactured and the other plant has the place for preforms to be blown into bottles and the filling of the bottles is done. This building also has the purification process of the water which has to be filled.

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Plant Layout of Andheri E Unit P R O

TRANSPORTATIO N

ADMINISTRATO R DEPARTMENT

I

C

G

N

E

A

V

S

R

E

S

D

N

I

E

T

N

N

O

G

R

U

Y

N I T ENTERANCE

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W A S

SECURITY CABIN

T E

W A S T E -D E P T

Analysis of Bisleri on the layout of its Factory A) Materials: Materials include all kinds materials that are needed in the process of manufacturing the product. 1) In the first place there are wide doors, which open to a raised platform with a small crane which can be used to remove the sacks of raw material which arrive by truck and the sack are stored in an accessible place next to the crane where it is stored easily. 2) The sacks of raw material are removed and processed to form the caps and the preforms respectively.

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3) The caps and the bottle preforms are packed in cardboard boxes and transported to the other plant for finishing the product. 4) In order to facilitate the transporting of the boxes from one plant to another there are medium trolleys have to be manually pushed therefore sloped entrance and exits are provided. 5) The godown where the finished goods are stored is located right next to the vehicle pool in order to reduce the time wasted in transporting to the trucks.

B) Type of Industry: The type of industry and the method of the manufacturing process exercise a significant influence on plant layout. The different types of industries are: 1) Synthetic 2) Analytical 3) Conditioning, and 4) Extractive. Bisleri falls under the category of conditioning industry. A conditioning industry is industry which is involved in the change of form or the physical properties of a substance in this case water. Each of the above industries can be further classified into: -

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1) Intermittent industry, and 2) Continuous industry. Bisleri falls under the category of a continuous industry. A continuous industry is an industry that manufactures a product uninterrupted of standard size. C) Nature of plant location: The site selected for the location of a plant influences its layout in more ways than one. First, the size and the terrain of the site determines the types of building which in turn, influences the layout. Secondly, the location of the plant determines the mode of transportation, depending upon the distances from the source of raw materials and market to the plant. Parle Bisleri Pvt, Ltd. is located in Andheri (East) in Mumbai. The plant is located on a large plot near the western express highway. The terrain of the place where it is located is that it is in step form i.e. the full plot is not at the same level, this helps in the transportation of semi-finished product to be transported to the filler. D) Machinery: The type of product, the volume of its production, the type of process and management policy determines the size and type of the machinery to be installed which, in turn, influences the plant layout. Also the fixed and stationary parts of the machines should also be taken into considerations while designing the plant layout. In Parle Bisleri Pvt. Ltd. the machines are laid with many considerations such as: 1) There is enough space for the repair and maintenance of the machinery can be done easily.

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2) The machines are placed in such a way that there is enough place for moving and relocation of the machines 3) There is enough maneuverability for the workers to move about the machines and work comfortably. E) Workers: The layout designer should also consider the type, position and requirements of employees. If women workers are employed, the layout must be planned after keeping in mind their particular requirements. The position of employees, that is whether they remain stationary or moving, also influences the layout.

Parle Bisleri Pvt. Ltd. has provided its workers with many facilities such as: 1) Canteen conveniently located and providing hygienic food at concessional rates. 2) Toilets for men and women conveniently located and of sufficient number maintained in hygienic conditions. 3) Due to the location of the plant it is very convenient for all the workers to reach work.

Principles of Plant Layout The factors discussed above, influence the choice of a particular type o layout. While accepting the selected layout, the layout engineer should be guided by certain principles. The layout selected in conformity with layout principles should be an ideal one. These principles are: 1) The principle of minimum travel 2) The principle of sequence 32

3) The principle of usage. 4) The principle of compactness 5) The principle of safety and satisfaction 6) The principle of flexibility 7) The principle of minimum investment In Parle Bisleri plant follows t0wo principles: 1) The principle of minimum travel 2) The principle of sequence

The principle of minimum travel: Men and materials should travel the shortest distance between operations so as to waste labour and time and minimize the cost of materials handling. In the Bisleri plant the machines are integrated in such a way that the Raw materials, semi finished product and finished product have very less distance to travel therefore less lead time therefore the costs are reduced. The principle of sequence: Machinery and operations should be arranged in a sequential order. This principle is best achieved in product layout, and efforts should be made to have it adopted in the process layout. In the Bisleri plant right from producing the caps and bottles preforms to treating the water to making the bottles and filling and capping it all the machines are arranged in a sequence therefore saving time and cost on material handling equipment.

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ABC Analysis One of the widely used techniques for control of inventory is the ABC (always better Control) analysis. The objective of ABC control is to vary the expenses associated with maintaining appropriate control according to the potential saving associated with a proper level of such control. The ABC approach is a means of categorising inventory items into three classes ‘A’, “B” and “C” according to the potential amount to be controlled. Once the inventory is classified, we have a form base for deciding where we will put our effort. Logically we expect to maintain strong controls over the “A”, items taking whatever special actions needed to maintain availability of these items and hold stocks at the lowest possible levels consistent with meeting demands. At the other end of the scale, we cannot afford the expenses of rigid controls, frequent ordering and expediting, because of the low amounts in this area. Thus with the “C” group, we may maintain somewhat higher safety stocks, order more months of supply, expect lower levels of customer services or all the three. The steps to be followed for developing ABC analysis: 1) List each item carried in inventory by number or some other designation. 2) Determine the annual volume of usage and Rupee value of each item. 34

3) Multiply each items annual volume usage by its rupee value. 4) Compute each items percentage of the total inventory in terms of annual usage in Rupees. 5) Select the top 10% of all items which have the highest rupee % and classify them as “A” items. 6) Select the next 20% of all items next highest Rupee percentages and designate them “B” items. 7) The next 70% of all items with the lowest rupee percentage are “C” items.

ABC analysis of Bisleri’s Inventory % OF S.R. NO.

ITEMS

COST

THE TOTAL

GRADE

COST 1

Nuts

500

0.25

C

2

Bolts

500

0.25

C

3

Screws

500

0.25

C

4

O-Rings

500

0.25

C

5

Washers

600

0.3

C

6

Blades

100

0.05

C

7

Switches

1300

0.65

C

8

Nozzle Filters

50000

25

A

9

Ceramic Heaters

15000

7.5

B

10

Clamps

6000

3

B

11

P.l.C.

90000

45

A

12

Baffles

1000

0.5

C

13

Teflon Electrical Wires

2000

1

C 35

14

Sensors

6000

3

C

15

Sprockets

9000

4.5

B

16

Teflon Gears

4000

2

C

17

Stretch Rods

3000

1.5

C

18

Pressure Gauges

10000

5

B

TOTAL

ITEMS = 18

COST = 2,00,000

ITEMS A

ITEMS B

Items 8 and 11

Items 9, 10, 15, 18

10% of 18 items

20% of 18 items

70% of Rs. 2,00,000

20% of Rs. 2,00,000

ITEMS C All the remaining 12 items 70% of 18 items 10% of Rs. 2,00,000

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Conclusion In conclusion it can be inferred that production management is very important in today’s competitive world where cost cutting is a norm rather than exception. Production management provides a science for effective profit maximization and optimum resources utilization. Bisleri who ahs been in the past been facing tough competition from the other brands has adopted production management in a big way in order to maintain its lead in the packaged drinking water market. By this project we have tried to highlight some of the measure taken by Bisleri in order to improve its production processes and to show the significance and the benefits of production management in today’s globalised market

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