Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya: Mechanical Department Minor Project Me441

BIRLA VISHVAKARMA MAHAVIDYALAYA Mechanical Department Minor Project ME441

Title: Development of Scheffler dish for domestic application

• 1. 2. 3. 4.

Prepared by Vagish Kanasagara Saurav Rathod Harshit Kanakiya Deep Baladha

15ME005 15ME006 15ME021 15ME031 Guided by Dr. H A Bhargav

Methodology blueprint Reviewing various applications and performance of scheffler dish

Identifying the potential of scheffler dish for domestic application

Designing of Scheffler Dish of 2m2 using SolidWorks

Fabrication of Scheffler Dish of 2m2

Experimental analysis of Scheffler Dish for domestic application.

Concentrating solar technologies

What is Scheffler dish…?

History of Scheffler reflector • Invented by Wolfgang Scheffler. • First solar cooker of size: 1.1m X 1.5m • In india this innovation started in early 1990 – 24 no. of 7.5 sq.m Scheffler dishes for 1000 person meal at Gyan sarovar, Mount Abu – 84 no. of 10 sq.m Scheffler dishes for 33000 person meal at Shantivan, Brahma Kumaris – 10 no. of Scheffler dishes for 500 persons in ladakh army camp

Ladakh Army camp

Brahmkumari mount abu

What makes scheffler dish different than others? • Stationary receiver • Single axis maneuverability

• Freedom of locating receiver • Cast away focus

Example of Scheffler dish with above mentioned benefits

Literature review Sr

Name of author

no

Area of

Application of scheffler

scheffler

collector

Temperature range Pressure

reflector

1

Kamboj and yadav[6]

1.54m2

Used for coffee making

Up to 1200C

-

2

Patil et al.[4]

2m2

Scheffler reflector based on

Up to 980C

-

Upto 1000C

-

ANN and analytical expression 3

M.chandrashekhra

2.7m2

Used scheffler reflector for

and

desalination system with

Avadheshyadav[14]

exfoliated coating and latent heat storage materials in received 6.67 liter distillate output

4

Akhade and patil[15]

2.7m2

Used scheffler reflector for

Up to 920C

10 bar

increasing temperature of water 5

Acharya and chandak[16]

4m2

Used for production of plaster of paris

-

-

6

Phate et al.[17]

4m2

Used scheffler reflector for boiling test of water

-

-

7

Afzal et al.[17]

6m2

Compared performance analysis of oil extraction

-

-

Used scheffler reflector for water heating and storage

98 to

-

purpose and compared mathematical and

1500C

process of scheffler reflector and conventional process 8

Rupeshpatil at al[4]

8m2

experimental result

9

Chandak et at.

8 m2

Used 2 nos. of scheffeler reflector integrated with

-

-

-

-

multi effect solar distillation and found 6.5 liter/m2

[13]

distillate output 10

Munir et al.[17]

8m2

Used scheffler reflector for distillation and oil extraction process

11

IqraAyub et al.[8]

10m2 Used for baking

200 to 2300C

12

Desale et al.[17]

10m2 Used Scheffler reflector with water tank receiver for boiling test of water

-

-

13

Gregor[17]

10m2

Used scheffler reflector

-

-

Used for distillation of

140 to

-

water

1800C

used for cooking

110 to

purpose

1200C

Hot water for bathing

110 to

2 bar for

and steam cooking

1200C

steam

for syrup production(2 year payback period) 14

15

16

C.V sudhir et al.[1]

Toshiba machine private ltd[2]

Vishal R Dafle and N Shinde[3]

16m2

16m2

16m2

-

cooking

17

Praveen j Sanga et al.[5]

-

Performance evaluation

Up to

of scheffler concentrator

2000C

and steam generation

(In steam header)

1.5 bar

• After reviewing the literatures , – Size of dish: 2 sq.m – Temperature range: 60 to 1300C

Perfectly suitable for domestic application such as cooking , water heating & food processing.

Design of Scheffler dish 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 2 ; an equation of parabola 2 m2 ; Projected area 𝑦 ′ = 2𝑚𝑥 ; Slope of the curve Minor axis of the ellipse is also the diameter of beam radiation circle. For the ease of the application and to avoid shadow of the dish on the receiver , distance of focus is taken as 1.5 𝑚. Slope of that point is 45°. Coordinate of point Pn is taken as (1.5, 0.75). This point is also on the parabola, so equation of parabola can be obtained as; 0.75 = 𝑚 1.5 2 𝑚 = 0.3333

So equation of parabola at equinox ; 𝑦 = 0.3333𝑥 2 Comparing the area of circle and projected area of ellipse in top plane; values of semi-major and semi-minor axis are obtained as: 𝜋ൗ 2𝑏 2 = 𝜋𝑎𝑏 ∗ cos 43.23° 4 𝜋𝑎𝑏 = 2

And Hence;

𝑎 = 0.981 𝑚 𝑏 = 0.6945 𝑚

The ends of the vertical cross bar are calculated by adding and subtracting the semi-minor axis value to/from focal distance respectively. 𝐸1 𝑥 = 𝑃𝑛 𝑥 − 𝑏 = 1.5 − 0.694 = 0.806 𝐸2(𝑥) = 𝑃𝑛(𝑥) + 𝑏 = 1.5 + 0.694 = 2.194

And from the equation of the parabola itself; 𝐸1 𝐸2

𝑦 𝑦

= 0.2165 = 1.6043

After getting the values of 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝐸1 and 𝐸2 ; with the help of SOLIDWORKS (3-point arc method), length and radius of horizontal crossbars are achieved; which forms the base frame for the mirrors. Number of cross-bar

Length

Radius

1 2 3 4 5

1049.39 1333.15 1412.98 1327.03 1043.00

1852.19 2041.52 2208.45 2357.76 2492.76

Fabrication progress • By known values of a (semi major axis),b (semi minor axis), and calculated value of c; we can draw the ellipse. • After drawing the ellipse ,elliptical frame is made by cold working of 25X5 C/S bar •By known value of maximum depth at 5 points (which is equals to maximum depth of cross bar at that point),vertical bar is made by rolling and cold working of 20X20 C/S bar.

•After that, cross bar is made by knowing value of maximum depth and its length , which is measured by the SOLIDWORKS software. •Cross bar is also made by rolling and cold working of 20X20 C/S bar.

Joints are made by welding and are of permanent type. Also vertical cross-bar is fixed in the first place ( interpolating the five points obtained in design ) and later horizontal cross-bars are attached. Further frame is to be made using rigid wires to form sustainable base for the mirrors.

Next steps •After making of elliptical frame, we will make stand and the tracking mechanism for daily tracking of sun. •Then we will fix the good reflector glass on the frame. •Then , by fixing the receiver distance as per the design , our scheffler dish will be ready for the experimental analysis.