Biology Class Review - Exam 3

Exam Study Sheet Terms: Prion Pili Transformation/ Transduction/ Binary Fission

Frustules Cotyledon Mycorrhizae Saprotrophs Celomate/ pseudocelomate/ acelomate

Choanoflagellates

Polyp Medussa

____________Biology

3rd Exam

Terms (Continued) Protonephredia Viviparous

Concepts: Why aren’t viruses considered cells?

Because they lack nuclei, cytoplasm, and organelles

What proteins make a capsid of a virus?

Capsomeres

How do viruses enter cells?

1. receptor mediated endocytosis 2. mechanical damage 3. bacteriophages

What is viral material made of?

Viral genetic material can be singleStranded DNA, double stranded DNA, or Single Stranded RNA

Lysogenic vs. Lytic lifestyles of viruses

Lysogenic – DNA is integrated into host’s DNA, and virus hides Lytic – Replication and Disease

Where is the DNA of prokaryotes?

In the nucleoid region

What are the new and traditional methods of classifying bacteria?

How are gram positive and gram negative bacteria different?

Traditional – how it looks, habitat, etc… (Spyrogyra, Bacillus, Cocxxi) Circular, Spiral, New – DNA Classification Negative – Thin peptodoglydican layer Positive – thick pepto layer

Concepts (continued) What are the shapes of bacteria? What are the oxygen requirements of bacteria? What are the extreme habitats of bacteria?

Acidophiles – Acidic Halophile – Salty Thermophile – Heat

How do green algae differ from plants?

No true roots, stems, or leaves

What are the simplest plants?

Bryophytes

What are the adaptations for plants to colonize land? • • • • •

sporophyte that protects gametophyte and zygote vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) root systems lignin waterproof cuticle and stomata

What is a conifer?

A gymnosperm

What is the division for horsetails?

Sphenophyta

What are the three parts of a mushroom?

Above ground – fruiting body

What are the most primitive animals?

Porifera (Sponges)

What is the taxonomic classification of ginkos, starfish, snails, insects, leeches, cycads, jellyfish

Ginko – Starfish – Snails – InsectsLeeches – Cycads – Jellyfish -

Labeling

Be able to fill in Table 23.1 (page 438) Be able to label types of symmetry (page 463)

EXTRA CREDIT – Fill in the phylogenetic table for animalia

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