Bio Research Paper

Tara Zhan Mr. Parmar Block F 05.08.16

Greenhouse Effect and Global warming Introduction Global warming is a natural phenomenon caused by large amount of carbon dioxide, one of the greenhouse gases. Carbon dioxide are caused by human burning of fossil fuels (such as oil, coal), drive cars, dis-afforestation, and burning straw. These greenhouse gases can permeate visible light that from the solar radiation, and absorb long wave radiation that from earth and absorb infrared in the surface radiation, then cause the earth's temperature rise, that called the greenhouse effect. Then as time goes on, more enhancement and more additive the greenhouse effect, cause lose earth's balance between the earth's atmosphere system absorbed energy and liberated energy, store up energy in the earth atmosphere system, which can lead to temperature rising and this phenomenon caused by global warming. Global warming also can redistribute the global precipitation, sea-level rise by melting glaciers and permafrost. It is not only harm nature the balance of the ecosystem, but also threatens the survival of mankind. On the other hand, caused by emissions of greenhouse gases, the mainland temperatures rise, and then the temperature difference decreases with sea, cause the air flow slows, haze cannot be blow in time, cause urban haze weather, affect human health.

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Greenhouse Effect is a preserving effect that is form from when a confined space that can able to transmission light for lack of heat exchange with external, (and it full name is Effect Of Atmospheric Insulation). Gave an outline of it is the shortwave radiation of sun can shot to the earth through atmosphere, after ground warming can give off long-wave radiation that be absorbed by carbon dioxide, and then atmospheric warming.

Natural environment The principle of the Greenhouse effect is the sunlight to reach the earth, part of the energy absorbed by the atmosphere (almost half), the other parts are returned to the universe in the day. Also the surface of the earth to the universe I the form of infrared absorbing heat during the day, there are mostly absorbed by the atmosphere in the night. So due to the increase of greenhouse gas, increase the earth's overall save heat energy, led to the global warming. Greenhouse gases (especially carbon dioxide) can destroy the normal relationship between atmosphere and infrared radiation in the ground, and absorb the infrared radiation that to release from earth, they make the global temperatures rise. The carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is like a thick glass to turn earth into a big warm house. (Carbon dioxide has the function of regulating earth's temperature, because it can not through the infrared radiation, can prevent the surface heat radiation into space.) The greenhouse effect since the earth formed, it has been in the works. If without the greenhouse effect, the surface of the earth will be very cold, the temperature will drop a lot, the oceans will be frozen, and life would not be formed, it is very important. In the past, carbon dioxide emissions was less without human interference, vegetation coverage rate was higher, have usual greenhouse gases

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emissions. But, if carbon dioxide content is higher, it can make the earth's temperature higher, just like in the steamer, cause global warming. So, now we faced is not the problem of "greenhouse effect influences the earth's climate change", we need faced large amount of greenhouse gases injection into the atmosphere by human, increasing the speed of the greenhouse effect.

Anthropogenic Impact The main reason of global warming is human used of fossil fuels (like coal and oil) a lot, and produce large amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. "The average temperature of the Earth has risen between 0.4 °C and 0.8 °C over the past 100 years. The increased volumes of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases released by the burning of fossil fuels, land clearing, agriculture, and other human activities, are believed to be the primary sources of the global warming that has occurred over the past 50 years." After The Industrial Revolution, people to the strong atmosphere of hear-trapping greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide increase gradually, the greenhouse effect is gradually enhanced, and has caused global warming, and a series of problems. Except carbon dioxide, also have oxymethylene, ozone, chlorofluorocarbons, steam, etc. With the fast increase in population, industrial development is rapid, produced more and more carbon dioxide enter atmosphere, and also because the trees were cut down, thousands of forest disappear, should be absorb carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has not been absorbed, increased carbon dioxide, the greenhouse effect is enhanced.

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The main reason of greenhouse effect is burning coal, oil, and gas a lot in the modern industrial society, then produce a lot of carbon dioxide injection into the atmosphere, and also human logging a lot, carbon dioxide can not be atmospheric deposition in time. There are all kind of natural reason, such as solar activity and volcanic, all had impact on global warming, but it is not the decisive factor. Finally, after 1951 years, global warming is mainly caused by human activities. Because of various natural, including the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, El Nino phenomenon, global climate must be change have different, but the greenhouse effect (human activities) still the ultimate reason. “Earth’s natural greenhouse effect is critical to supporting life. Human activities, primarily the burning of fossil fuels and clearing of forests, have intensified the natural greenhouse effect, causing global warming.” Because the anthropological impact that occurred in the environment. Climate warming bring heat energy, will provide air and sea huge kinetic energy, thus forming a large or even super typhoons, hurricanes, tsunamis and other disasters. It will not only directly draw water from the sea, also can suck up moisture from the land, makes the interior widespread drought, the dearth of food production, feed production as well. It can melting icebergs what we live in the primary source of fresh water. But now global warming makes the accumulation of snow slowly and melting speed is faster than ice speed, even some jokul had melted away, meaning this local drinking water was cut off. It will make the nature food chain fracture gradually. Increase the number of pests, eat the trees and crops, to increase the concentration of carbon dioxide.

Consequence

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Global warming can forming typhoons, hurricanes, tsunamis and other disasters. The typhoon and tsunami, not only direct destruction of buildings and threat to human life, but also may cause secondary disasters, especially brought heavy rains after the typhoons and hurricanes, they will lead to debris flows, landslides, and etc, a serious threat to traffic safety and life safety. Global warming need suck up moisture from the oceans and lands, makes the interior widespread drought that cause land desertification, thus the dearth of food production, and feed production as well. Lack of grain and meat food will threaten national stability, cause panics and wars. Global warming can melted icebergs, cause shortage of fresh water, sea-level rise, the new ice age coming soon, plant diseases and insect diseases increase. Because it makes the accumulation of snow-and-ice speed slower than melted speed, can bring conflict and wars of lack fresh water. Sea-water level rise by heat, flood the islands (for example, Malaysia), erosion coast. Seawater concentration is reduced, the ocean conveyor belt to stop working, meaning the warm current cannot move, the global temperature is reduced, ice age is coming soon probably. When the melting glaciers, the virus that in the frozen from long time ago can be resurrection and cause disease in humans. Sometimes, also can found new species. By the way, farmland water will have malaria by mosquitoes and flies. Global warming can influence human fertility, sperm activity will decrease with temperatures rise, and also will led to sex ratio, because can more likely to conceive sons in the hot, and more likely to conceive daughters in the low-temperature. Carbon dioxide level rise in arthroscopic and oceans, to make ocean carbonate and kill a lot of microorganisms, also can destroy food chins that centered coral, at the bottom of the food

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chains disappear. The ocean creatures will die and pollution of the sea, to accelerate the death of other creatures. At the same time, release greenhouse gases, accelerate global warming, become a vicious cycle.

Restoration So far, we are unable to put effective solutions, but we can try our best to curb greenhouse gases emissions growth. Elimination chlorofluorocarbons. Because they can destroy ozone that can absorb solar radiation of the ultraviolet ray, allow life on the earth damage from ultraviolet radiation. Forest protection countermeasures. Today, Hylaea is being artificially constant and rapid destruction. The most effective way is to stop this reckless deforestation. On the other hand, is implementation of large-scale afforestation work, promote forest regeneration. Improvement of the automotive fuel. Improve the former consumption situation. "Drive Less and Drive Smart. Less driving means fewer emissions. Besides saving gasoline, walking and biking are great forms of exercise. Explore the York Region Transit system and check out options for carpooling to work or school. When you do drive, make sure your car is running efficiently. For example, keeping your tires properly inflated can improve your gas mileage by more than 3 percent. Every gallon of gas you save not only helps your budget, it also keeps 20 pounds of carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere." Vehicle exhaust limit, like vehicle exhaust is larger, the price will be higher. To improve energy efficiency. "Buy Energy-Efficient Products. Home appliances now come in a range of energy-efficient models, and compact florescent bulbs are designed to provide

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more natural-looking light while using far less energy than standard light bulbs. Save electricity and reduce global warming by turning off lights when you leave a room, and using only as much light as you need. And remember to turn off your television, stereo and computer when you're not using them. It’s also a good idea to turn off the water when you’re not using it. While brushing your teeth, shampooing the dog or washing your car, turn off the water until you actually need it for rinsing." The limitation on the fossil fuels. Because of the main composition of casing-head gas is methane, therefore its carbon dioxide emissions lower than coal, oil. Encourage use casing-head gas, solar power, and biomass energy. "Use Less Heat and Air Conditioning. Adding insulation to your walls and installing weather stripping or caulking around doors and windows can lower your heating costs more than 25 percent, by reducing the amount of energy you need to heat and cool your home. Turn down the heat while you’re sleeping at night or away during the day, and keep temperatures moderate at all times. Install a programmable thermostat because setting it just 2 degrees lower in winter and higher in summer could save about 2,000 pounds of carbon dioxide each year."

Conclusion Even we can not solve the problem of global warming, today. Because of global warming, rising sea levels, if human don't pay attention to this problem, will cause the island sank. But we can try our best to protect and keep it change slowly, control ourselves. To star from small things, and low carbon. Tell your neighbors and encourage they to do that.

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"Plant a Tree. If you have the means to plant a tree, start digging. Trees absorb carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. A single tree will absorb approximately one ton of carbon dioxide during its lifetime." I believe, the world will become more beautiful, if everybody protect the environment.

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Bibliography Gap9551. 05.15.16. web. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect# Livescience. 05. 17.16. Web. http://www.livescience.com/topics/global-warming The town of east gwillimbury. 05.18.16. Web. http://www.eastgwillimbury.ca/Services/Environment/

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