Bio Piracy
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Biological Piracy Joanna Lim and Kal Peralta
Introduction
Biological Piracy or Biopiracy for short is no different from DVD pirating. Before, there were no territorial disputes and there were no laws concerning the ownership of biological resources. Because of this, stealing of biological material increased.
Definition of Terms
Biopiracy- the illegal use or commercialization of biological objects
Bioprospecting- collecting of biological resources for scientific knowledge
Biological Theft- illegal collection of biological materials by corporations which patent them for their own use
Definition of Terms
Patent- exclusive right given by the government to the inventor to manufacture, use or sell an invention for a couple of years
Biodiversity- the number and variety of organisms found in an environment
Privatization- the change from public to private ownership or control
Definition of Terms
Bioprospectors- people who prospects for biological materials
Biopirate- a person who uses or reproduces the work of an inventor without authorization
Monoculture- a single homogeneous culture without diversity or dissension
Definition of Terms
Industrial Property- intellectual property that includes inventions (patents), trademarks, industrial designs and geographic indications of source
Related Literature
Biopiracy- illegal collection of biological materials by corporations who patent them for their own use - uses flora and fauna - exploitation of the medicine or knowledge of the traditional people -monopolization of biological resources
Related Literature -illegal, violates domestic law -doesn’t respect, recognize, or give credit to the rightful owner of the life forms
Bioprospecting- search for biological resources and indigenous knowledge used for commercial exploitation
Related Literature
Biopiracy is NOT the same as bioprospecting. Bioprospecting is NOT a threat to biodiversity because it does not take something from one’s own use without obtaining the Prior Informed Consent (PIC). Bioprospecting gives credit or compensation UNLIKE biopiracy.
Related Literature
Main Sources of Biopiracy: Corporations Academic Institutions Governments
They claim intellectual property over genetic resources (patents on life)
Related Literature
Nanotechnology- manipulation of individual atoms and molecules Nanopirates claim ownership of molecules and even it elements where they came from CBD (Convention of Biological Diversity) believe that agreements can be arranged for both parties to for the benefit of the majority in overcoming biopiracy
Position on the Issue
Pro-Biopiracy: It will help the advancement of technology and enrich the scientific knowledge. Cures of different diseases can be discovered. Can life be owned?
Position on the Issue
Con-Biopiracy: Causes imbalance in the biodiversity. Stealing of intellectual rights
Indigenous people lose profit No credit is given to the proper owner of the material
No definite laws that concern biopiracy Pharmaceuticals abuse in order to gain profit
Rosy Periwinkle (Catharansus Roseus) Native and endemic to Madagascar Evergreen subshrub Vinblastine and vincristine used to treat Leukemia Treats diabetes, malaria and Hodgkin’s disease Conflict between western companies and indigenous groups because of
Neem Tree (Azadirachta Indica)
Found in India fast- growing evergreen that can reach 20 m in height Azardirachtin-astringency chemical found in the tree Treats leprosy, diabetes, ulcers, skin diseases and constipation 1971-Robert Larson found Margosan-O and received patent from the US Environmental Protection agency in 1985
Conclusion/Resolution
Definite laws that must be followed by everyone CBD must have a standard set of rules for everyone in order to avoid confusion. Must reach an agreement
Illegal activity or biopirates must be fined if caught Pharmaceutical companies must respect the people or the country
Introduction
Biological Piracy or Biopiracy for short is no different from DVD pirating. Before, there were no territorial disputes and there were no laws concerning the ownership of biological resources. Because of this, stealing of biological material increased.
Definition of Terms
Biopiracy- the illegal use or commercialization of biological objects
Bioprospecting- collecting of biological resources for scientific knowledge
Biological Theft- illegal collection of biological materials by corporations which patent them for their own use
Definition of Terms
Patent- exclusive right given by the government to the inventor to manufacture, use or sell an invention for a couple of years
Biodiversity- the number and variety of organisms found in an environment
Privatization- the change from public to private ownership or control
Definition of Terms
Bioprospectors- people who prospects for biological materials
Biopirate- a person who uses or reproduces the work of an inventor without authorization
Monoculture- a single homogeneous culture without diversity or dissension
Definition of Terms
Industrial Property- intellectual property that includes inventions (patents), trademarks, industrial designs and geographic indications of source
Related Literature
Biopiracy- illegal collection of biological materials by corporations who patent them for their own use - uses flora and fauna - exploitation of the medicine or knowledge of the traditional people -monopolization of biological resources
Related Literature -illegal, violates domestic law -doesn’t respect, recognize, or give credit to the rightful owner of the life forms
Bioprospecting- search for biological resources and indigenous knowledge used for commercial exploitation
Related Literature
Biopiracy is NOT the same as bioprospecting. Bioprospecting is NOT a threat to biodiversity because it does not take something from one’s own use without obtaining the Prior Informed Consent (PIC). Bioprospecting gives credit or compensation UNLIKE biopiracy.
Related Literature
Main Sources of Biopiracy: Corporations Academic Institutions Governments
They claim intellectual property over genetic resources (patents on life)
Related Literature
Nanotechnology- manipulation of individual atoms and molecules Nanopirates claim ownership of molecules and even it elements where they came from CBD (Convention of Biological Diversity) believe that agreements can be arranged for both parties to for the benefit of the majority in overcoming biopiracy
Position on the Issue
Pro-Biopiracy: It will help the advancement of technology and enrich the scientific knowledge. Cures of different diseases can be discovered. Can life be owned?
Position on the Issue
Con-Biopiracy: Causes imbalance in the biodiversity. Stealing of intellectual rights
Indigenous people lose profit No credit is given to the proper owner of the material
No definite laws that concern biopiracy Pharmaceuticals abuse in order to gain profit
Rosy Periwinkle (Catharansus Roseus) Native and endemic to Madagascar Evergreen subshrub Vinblastine and vincristine used to treat Leukemia Treats diabetes, malaria and Hodgkin’s disease Conflict between western companies and indigenous groups because of
Neem Tree (Azadirachta Indica)
Found in India fast- growing evergreen that can reach 20 m in height Azardirachtin-astringency chemical found in the tree Treats leprosy, diabetes, ulcers, skin diseases and constipation 1971-Robert Larson found Margosan-O and received patent from the US Environmental Protection agency in 1985
Conclusion/Resolution
Definite laws that must be followed by everyone CBD must have a standard set of rules for everyone in order to avoid confusion. Must reach an agreement
Illegal activity or biopirates must be fined if caught Pharmaceutical companies must respect the people or the country
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