BIBLIOGRAPHY
Ahmad, F. B., P. A. Williams. 1998. Rheological Properties of sago starch. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 46(10):4060-4065. Ahmad, F. B., P. A. Williams, J.L. Doublier, A. Buleon. 1999. Physico-chemical properties of sago starch. Carbohydrate polymers 38(4):361-370. Anthonysamy, S. M., N. B. Saari, K. Muhammad, F. A. Bajar, R. Muse. 2004. Browning of sago (Metroxylon sagu) pith slurry as influenced by holding time, pH and temperature . Journal of Food Biochemistry 28(2):91-99. Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). 1981. Official Methods of Analysis. 13 th ed. Washington DC. p. 211. Averous L, N., Fauconnier, L. Moro, and C. Fringant. 200. Blends of thermoplastic starch and polyesteramide: Processing and properties. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 76(7):11171128. Averous, L., C. Fringrant, and l. Moro. 2001. Starch-based biodegradable materials suitable for thermoforming packaging. Starch/Starke 53:368-371. Averous, L., C. Fringrant, and l. Moro. 2002. Plasticized starch-cellulose interactions in polysaccharide composites. Polymer 42:6571-6578. Averous, L. C 2004. Biodegradable multiphase systems based on plasticized starch: A review. Journal of Macromolecular Science 44:231-274. Bastioli, C. 2000. Global status of the production of biobased packaging materials. Conference Proceedings: The Food Biopack Conference, 2000, Denmark. Copenhagen. P. 2-7. Bastioli, C., V. Belotti, and A. Rallis. 1994. Microstructure and melt flow behavior of a starchbased polymer. Rheol. Acta 33:307-316. Buleon, A., P. Colonna, V. Planchot, and S. Ball. 1998. Starch granules: structure and biosynthesis. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 23:85-112. Carvalho, A.J.F., A.A.S. Curvelo, and A. Gandini. 2005. Surface chemical Modification of thermoplastic starch: Reactions with isocyanates, epoxy Functions, and stearoyl chloride. Industrial Crops and Products 21(3): 331-336. Cecil, J. E., G. Lau, S.H. Heng, and C.K. Ku.. 1986. The sago starch industry: A technical profile based on a preliminary study made in Sarawak. London: Tropical Products Institute.
38 Chaplin, M. 2008. Water structure and .
science:
Starch.
4
September
2008.
Curvelo, A.A., A.J.F. de Carvalho, and J.A.M. Agnelli. 2001. Thermoplastic starch-Cellulosic fibers compsites: preliminary results. Carbohydrate Polymers 45:183-188. Daniels, C. A. 1989. Polymers: Structure and Properties. USA: CRC Press. Della Valle, G., Y. Boche, P. Colonna, and B. Vergnes. 1994. The extrusion behavior of potato starch. Carbohydrate Polymers 28:255-264. Della Valle, G., A. Buleon, P.J. Carreau, P.A. Lavoie, and B. Vergnes. 1998. Relationship between structure and viscoelastic behavior of plasticized starch. Journal of Rheology 42(3): 507-525. Fishman, M. L., D.R. Coffin, J.J. Unruh, and T. Ly. 1996. pectin/starch/glycerol films: Blends or composites?. Journal of Macromolecular Science 33:639-654. Flach, M. 1997. Sago palm. Metroxylon sagu Rottb. Promoting the conservation and use of underutilized and neglected crops. 13. Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben/International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy. Forssell, P.M., S.H. D. Hulleman, P.J. Myllarinen. G. K. Moates, R. Parker. 1998. Ageing of rubbery thermoplastic barley and oat starches. Carbohydrate Polymers 39(1):43-51. Forssell, P.M., S. Shamekh, T. Suortto, K. Autio, and K. Poutanen. 1999. Fragmentation of oat and barley starch granules during heating. Journal of Cereal Science 30(2):173-182. Fried, J. S. 2003. Polymer Science and Technology. 2nd ed. USA: Prntice Hall. Garthe, J.W. and P.D. Kowal. 2001. Chemical composition degradable plastics. C-17. College of Agricultural Sciences Cooperative Extension. Pennsylvania State University. Grunschloss, E. 2006. Single screw extruder: Free Patents Online. 14 March 2009. . Hammer, K.D., G. Grolig, and D. Beissel. 1999. Sausage casings made of thermoplastic starch and process for the production thereof: Free Patents Online. 3 October 2008. . Hoover, R. 2001. Composition, molecular structure, and physicochemical properties of of tuber and root starches: A review. Carbohydrate polymer 45:153-267. Hulleman, S.H.D., F.H.P. Janssen, and H. Feil. 1998. The role of water during plasticization of native starches. Polymer 39(10):2043-2048. IDES, The Plastics Web. 2008. ASTM D 638-Tensile testing of plastics. 10 October 2008. .
39 Igura, M., M. Okazaki, and M Ohmi. 2007. Diverse utilization of sago starch extraction residue: Production of biodegradable plastics by esterification. In: Quevedo, M.A., A.B. Loreto (eds.). 2007. Abstracts of the Ninth International Sago Symposium. Ormoc City, Philippines. Ishizaki, A. 1997. Solution of environmental problems through biomass conversion using microbial technology. In: Fuels and chemicals from biomass, ACS Symposium series 666:336-344. Ito, T., Y. Arai, and S. Hisajima. 1979. Utilization of sago starch. Japan Journal of Tropical Agriculture 23:48-56. Jeroen J., J. G. van Soest, H. Tournois, D. de Wit, and J.F.G. Vliegenthart. 1995. Short-range structure in (partially) crystalline potato starch determined with attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy. Carbohydrate Research 279:201-214. Jong, F.S. 1995. Research for the development of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb) cultivation in Sarawak, Malaysia. PhD Thesis. Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands. Kale, G., R. Auras, S.P. Singh, and R. Narayan. 2007. Biodegradabilty of polylactide bottles in real and stimulated composting conditions. Polymer Testing 26: 1049-1061. Kawabata, A., S. Sawayama, N. Nagashima, and R.R. del Rosario. 1984. Physico-chemical properties of starch from cassava, arrowroot, and sago. In: Tropical Root Crops: Post Harvest Physiology and Processing. Japan: Japan Sci. Soc Press. p. 259-271. Lai, L.S. and J.L. Kokini. 1990. The effect of extrusion operating conditions on the on-line apparent viscosity of 98% amylopectin (Amioca) and 70% amylose (Hylon) corn starches during extrusion. Journal of Rheology 34(8):1245-1266. Lai, S.M., T.M. Don, and Y.C. Huang. 2005. Preparation and properties of biodegradable thermoplastic starch/poly(hydroxyl butyrate) blends. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 100:2371-2379. Lawter, M. and G. Fischer. 2000. Potential of starch based packaging for the food industry. In: The Food Biopack Conference, 2000, Denmark. Copenhagen. p.8-11. Levesque, G. 2001. Utilisation des derives de l’amidon dans les biomateriaux. In: Collaque Biomateriaux, Auray. Li, J.Y. and A. I. Yeh. 2001. Relationships between thermal, rheological characteristics and swelling power for various starches. Journal of Food Engineering 50:141-148. Lourdin, N., G. Della Valle, and P. Colonna. 1995. Influence of amylose content on starch films and foams. Carbohydrate Polymers 27:261-270. Lourdin, N., G. Della Valle, P. Colonna, and P. Poussin. 1999. Polymeres biodegradables: mise en aeuvre et proprietes de l’amidon. Caoutchoucs et Plastiques. p.780. Ma, X.F. and J.G. Yu. 2004-a. A mixed plasticizer for the preparation of thermoplastic starch. Chinese Chemical Letters 15:741-744.
40 Ma, X.F. and J.G. Yu. 2004-b. the plasticizers containing amide groups for thermoplastic starch. Carbohydrate Polymers 57:197-203. Martin, O., L. Averous, G. Della Valle, Y. Couturier. 2000. On-line viscometry of molten plasticized wheat starch. P 217-218. In: Polymer Processing Symposia. PPS-2000, Zlin Czech, August 16-18, 2000. Martin, O., E. Schawach, L. Averous, and Y. Couturier. 2001. Properties of biodegradable multilayer films based on plasticized wheat starch. Starch/ Starke 53:372-380. Martin, O., L. Averous, G. Della Valle. 2003. Inline determination of plasticized wheat starch viscous behavior: Impact of processing. Carbohydrate Polymers 53(2):169-182. Mcmaster, T.J. A. Senouci, and A.C. Smith. 1987. Measurement of rheological and ultrasonic properties of food and synthetic polymer melts. Rheol. Acta 26:308-315. Mohee, R. G. D. Unmar, A. Mudhoo, P. Khadoo. 2008. Biodegradability of biodegradable/degradable plastic materials under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Waste Management 28(9):1624-1629. Nolan-ITU Pty Ltd. 2002. Biodegradable plastics-developments and environmental impacts. 19 June 2008. . Okamoto, A., T. Ozawa., Y. Arai. 1991. Studies on the deterioration mechanism of sago starch. p. 158-165. In: Ng T. T., Tie Y. L., Kueh, L. L. (eds.). Proceedings of the Fourth International Sago Symposium. Sarawak, Malaysia: Ministry of Agriculture & Community DevelopmentDepartment of Agriculture. Padmanabhan, M. and M. Bhattacharya. 1991. Flow behavior and exit pressures of corn meal under high-shear-high-temperature extrusion conditions using a slit die. Journal of Rheology 35:315-343. Parker, R., A.L. Ollett, and A.C. Smith. 1990. Starch melt rheology: measurements, modeling, and application to extrusion processing. p 1290-1295. In: Elsevier, Z.P. (ed.). Processing and Quality of Foods. Elsevier, London. Parker, R. and S.G. Ring. 2001. Aspects of the physical chemistry of starch. Journal of Cereal Science 34:1-17. Philippine Council for Agriculture, Forestry, and Natural Resources Research and Development (PCARRD). 2001. Sago grater machine speeds up starch processing. 23 March 2008. . Pranamuda, H. and Y. Tokiwa. 1996. Physical properties and biodegradability of blends containing poly(caprolactone) and tropical starches. Journal of Environmental Polymer Degradation 4:1-7. Richardson, T. 2005. Plastics: Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia. 27 September 2008. .
41 Rosen, S.L. 1982. Fundamental Principles of Polymeric Materials. USA: Wiley. Russell, P.L. 1988. Gelatinisasion of starches of different amylose/amylopectin content: A study of differential scanning calorimetry. Journal of Cereal science 6:133-145. Shibata, K., D. Flores, G. Kobayashi, and K. Sonomoto. 2007. Direct L-lactic acid fermentation with sago starch by a novel amylolytic lactic acid bacterium Enterococcus faecium. Journal of Enzyme and Microbial Technology 41:149-155. Shogren, R.L. 1992. Effect of moisture content on the melting and subsequent physical aging of corn starch. Carbohydrate Polymers 19:83-90. Thouzeau, A. 2001. Les polymers biodegradables. In: Collaque Biomateriaux, Auray. Thunwall, M., V. Kuthanova, A. Boldizar, and M. Rigdahl. 2007. Film blowing of thermoplastic starch. Carbohydrate Polymers 71(4):583-590. Van Tuil, R., G. Schennik, H. Beukelaer; J. Heemst, and R. Jaeger. 2000. Converting Biobased polymers into foof packagings. In: The Food Biopack Conference, Denmark, 2000. Copenhagen. p.28-30. Vilpoux O. and L. Averous. 2004. Starch-based plastics: Technology, use and potentialities of Latin American starch tubers. P. 521-533. In: Cereda M.P. and O. Vilpoux (eds). Latin American Starchy Tubers. NGO Raizes and Cargill Foundation-Sao Paolo, Brazil. Weber, C.J. 2000. Foodstuffs packaging biopolymers. Biobased Packaging Materials for the Food Industry: Status and Perspectives. A Europian concerted Action. Whistler, R.L. and G. E. Hilbert. 1984. Mechanical properties of films from amylose, amylopectin, and whole starch triacetates. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 36:796-798. Zhai, M., F. Yoshi, and T. Kume. 2003. Radiation modification of starch-based plastic. Carbohydrate Polymers 52(3):311-317. Zheng, X.Z. and S.W. Wang. 1994. Shear induced starch conversion during extrusion. Journal of Food Science 59(5):1137-1143.