Be 5 Writing Supplement.docx

BE 5 Writing Supplement 2016-10 Compound Sentences, Complex Sentences, and Compound-Complex Sentences Part One: Review of Compound Sentences A simple sentence has a subject, a verb, and it expresses a complete idea or thought. It also has a period! Don’t forget the period! You can connect two simple sentences with a comma and a coordinating conjunction such as and, so, but, and or. This produces a compound sentence.

Compound Sentence = an independent clause + a comma + a coordinating conjunction + an independent clause + a period Independent Clause I don’t have any money Working everyday isn’t fun *We went to the beach on Saturday You could study German

, ,

Coordinating Conjunction so but

,

and

,

or

Comma

Independent Clause I’m not going out for dinner on Friday I like earning my own money

Period . .

the weather was beautiful

.

maybe you’d prefer to study Portuguese

.

Look at the following pairs of simple sentences. Combine the sentences using coordinating conjunctions to create compound sentences. Pay attention to grammar, punctuation, and logic. 1. My famous cousin loves me. She always answers my phone calls.

2. Neil lived in Saudi Arabia for two years. He speaks basic Arabic.

3. You can get to Medellin by plane. It costs the same as taking the bus.

4. Cindy and Roberto are planning a trip to Sincelejo. They might visit Coveñas as well.

5. Exercising regularly is a good way to reduce stress. I don't have time to go as often as I'd like.

All of the following sentences have one error. Identify the error and make corrections. 1. My father was born in a small town, or moved to the big city as soon as he graduated. 2. I really want good grades this semester, and I’m working hard to get them 3. Mimi and Carl wanted to come to my anniversary party, so they had to travel to London early the next morning. 4. My first class is at 12:30 in the afternoon so I can stay up late if I want to.

5. ice cream upsets my stomach, so I don’t eat it very often. 6. My brother speaks Japanese, and German. Part Two: Complex Sentences using a Variety of Subordinating Conjunctions A dependent clause has a subject and a verb, but it doesn’t express a complete idea or thought. It must be connected to an independent clause. You probably already know how to connect dependent clauses and independent clauses using the word because, which is one example of a subordinating conjunction. This produces a complex sentence, and it can be written in two different ways. The punctuation rules are different in each style.

Complex Sentence (Option 1) = an independent clause + a subordinating conjunction + a dependent clause + a period Independent Subordinating Conjunction Clause with a Dependent Clause I am extremely busy because I have a lot of English homework

Period .

Complex Sentence (Option 2) = a subordinating conjunction + a dependent clause + a comma + an independent clause + a period Subordinating Conjunction with a Dependent Clause Because I have a lot of English homework

Comma ,

Independent Clause I am extremely busy

Period .

In addition to because, there are other subordinating conjunctions that you need to learn. Although each subordinating conjunction has a different meaning (and some have two meanings), they all follow the same grammatical patterns. Study the following list of common subordinating conjunctions. You are expected to understand and to be able to use all of them. after before unless although (= though) even if until as even though when as long as if whenever as soon as provided (that) whereas because since while Part Two: Understanding and Using a Variety of Subordinating Conjunctions In small groups, look up each of these subordinating conjunctions in a learner’s dictionary. In your notebook, please write the example of a complex sentence that is provided by the dictionary. If you are unsure of the meaning, ask a classmate or your teacher. Next, write your own example of a complex sentence using the subordinating conjunction. Be creative! Finally, rewrite your sentence in the other style, and pay attention to punctuation. E.g.

because Dictionary Example: Your Example – Style 1:

You can’t go because you’re too young. I exercise regularly because it helps me relax and cope with stress.

Your Example – Style 2:

Because it helps me relax and cope with stress, I exercise regularly.

Part Three: Choosing Appropriate Subordinating Conjunctions Fill in the gaps with a suitable subordinating conjunction. In some cases, more than one option is possible, so write all of the possible answers; in these cases, if the meaning of the sentence changes, what is the difference? 1. ____________________ she was born in Barranquilla, she grew up in Miami. 2. I would like to take that class ____________________ I really like the teacher. 3. We are going to go to Cartagena ____________________ we finish our last class this week. 4. ____________________ the teacher told us we had a phone break, I immediately checked my cel phone. 5. She studied at Los Andes for one year ____________________ she transferred to Uninorte. 6. ____________________ he takes the bus, he won’t arrive to class on time. 7. Brian should have let you know that he has a dog ____________________ he knows you are allergic. 8. The presentation should go really well ____________________we have practiced and prepared a great deal. 9. My boyfriend was happy ____________________ I accepted his marriage proposal. 10. ____________________ International Business students receive credit for English classes, many others don't. 11. Julia has been excited ____________________ she was admitted to the study abroad program in London. 12. ____________________ I was studying Administration, she was studying Architecture. 13. Robert would like to do a specialization in Poland ____________________ he can afford it. 14. ____________________ I get less than a 3.0 in the class, my mother will be furious.

Part Four: Compound-Complex Sentences Are you ready to take it one step further? You can combine a simple sentence with a complex sentence to create a compound-complex sentence. Look at the examples in the table. Next, add one example sentence in the last row. Compound-Complex Sentence (Option 1) = an Independent Clause + a Subordinating Conjunction + a Dependent Clause + a comma + a coordinating conjunction + an independent clause + a period Coordinatin Subordinating Conjunction Independent Clause Comma g Independent Clause with a Dependent Clause Conjunction I went to class even though I was sleepy , and I learned a lot He was driving when I texted him , but he wrote me back later They failed the they shouldn’t be because they didn’t prepare , so presentation surprised We will talk if you come early to class , or we can meet in my office

Period . . . .

There are many different ways to form compound-complex sentences. We have already looked at one style, and now we’re going to look at three more. Rewrite the sentences from the first table in the table below. Compound-Complex Sentence (Option 2) = a Subordinating Conjunction + a Dependent Clause + a Comma + an Independent Clause + a comma + a Coordinating Conjunction + an Independent Clause + a Period Subordinating Conjunction Independent Coordinating Independent Comma Comma Period with a Dependent Clause Clause Conjunction Clause

Look at the examples in the table below. Next, add one more compound-complex sentence in the last row. Compound-Complex Sentence (Option 3) = an Independent Clause + a Comma + a Coordinating Conjunction + an Independent Clause + a Subordinating Conjunction + a Dependent Clause + a Period Independent Coordinating Subordinating Conjunction Comma Independent Clause Clause Conjunction with a Dependent Clause I love Domino's Pizza , and I have eaten it twice although I used to hate it She wanted to visit L.A. , but it was difficult since she had travel to N.Y. Passing the class is easy , so study well when you have tests if you want a smaller A Samsung is good , or you can get an IPhone phone

Rewrite the sentences above in the table below. Notice the difference in punctuation. Compound-Complex Sentence (Option 4) = an Independent Clause + a Comma + a Coordinating Conjunction + a Subordinating Conjunction + a Dependent Clause + a Comma + an Independent Clause + a Period Independent Coordinating Subordinating Conjunction Comma Comma Independent Clause Clause Conjunction with a Dependent Clause

Period . . . .

Period