Basic Concepts Of Object Oriented Programming.docx

BASIC CONCEPTS OF OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING Object Oriented Program (OOP) OOP allows decomposition of the problem into a number of entities called objects and then built data and function around these objects. Basic Concepts of OOP        

Objects Classes Data abstraction Data encapsulation Inheritance Polymorphism Dynamic binding Message Communication

Objects Objects are the basic runtime entities in an object oriented system. They may represent a person, a place, a bank account, a table of data. They may also represent user defined data such as vectors, time and lists. Classes A class is a collection of similar objects. Example : Mango, Apple and Orange are Objects of the class fruits. A class represents a set of related objects. The object has some attributes, whose value consist much of the state of an object. The data and the operation of a class can be declared as three type  Public  Protected  Private

Data Abstraction Abstraction refers to the act of representing essential features without including the background details or explanations. Abstraction is indispensable part of the design process and is essential for problem partitioning. Data Encapsulation The wrapping up of a data and function into single unit is called as Encapsulation. Data Encapsulation is the most striking feature of a class. Inheritance Inheritance provide the concept of reusability. It means additional features can be added to the existing class with out modifying it this makes way to derived new class from the existing classes Polymorphism Polymorphism means the ability to take more than one form. An operation may exhibit different behavior in different instances. Polymorphism implemental into two ways.  Operator Overloading  Function Overloading Dynamic Binding Dynamic Binding means that be code is associated with a given procedure call is not known until the time of call at run-time. This is associated with polymorphism and inheritance. Message Communication Message passing is another feature of object oriented programming. An object oriented program consists of a set of objects that communicate with each other.

Benefits of OOP OOP refers several benefits to both the developer and user same of them are (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)

Using inheritance re-wanted code can be eliminated Programs can be develop from the standard working models rather than starting from improves productivity. It is easy to partition the work is object based on object Object oriented systems can be easily upgraded from small to large system.