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PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN TULISAN Saya yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini: Nama

:

NIM

:

Program Studi

: Diploma lll Keperawatan

Institusi

: Akademi Keperawatan Kesdam IV/Diponegoro Semarang

Menyatakan dengan sebenarnya bahwa Karya Tulis Ilmiah yang saya tulis ini adalah benar-benar merupakan hasil karya sendiri dan bukan merupakan pengambil alihan tulisan atau pikiran orang lain yang saya aku sebagai hasil tulisan atau pikiran saya sendiri. Apabila dikemudian hari terbukti atau dapat dibuktikan Karya Tulis Ilmiah ini hasil jiplakan, maka saya bersedia menerima sanksi atas perbuatan tersebut.

Semarang,

Mengetahui

Juli 2018

Pembuat Pernyataan

Pembimbing

ii

LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN

Karya Tulis Ilmiah oleh Raksy Nur Huda Putra NIM 20101440115092 dengan judul “Penerapan……….” Telah diperiksa dan disetujui untuk diujikan.

Semarang,

Juli 2018

Pembimbing

iii

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN

Karya Tulis Ilmiah oleh …… NIM…….. dengan judul “…………………” Telah dipertahankan di depan dewan penguji pada tanggal 08 Juni 2018

Dewan Penguji

Penguji Ketua

Penguji Anggota I

Penguji Anggota II

Ns. Diana Tri. L, M.Kep, Sp.Kep.MB

Ns. Tuti Anggarawati, M.Kep

Ns. Ainnur Rahmanti, M.Kep

NIDN. 0616108001

NIDN. 0602087702

NIDN. 0608038801

Mengetahui Direktur

Indah Setyawati,S.K.M., M.M Letkol Ckm (K) NRP. 11960028180872

iv

KATA PENGANTAR

Syukur alhamdulillah penulis panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT yang telah melimpahkan rahmat dan hidayah serta karunia-Nya kepada penulis, sehingga penulis

dapat

menyelesaikan

Karya

Tulis

Ilmiah

yang

berjudul

“………………………..” proposal Karya Tulis ilmiah yang diajukan untuk memenuhi persyaratan untuk menyelesaikan program pendidikan Diploma III Keperawatan Akademi Keperawatan Kesdam IV/Diponegoro Semarang. Penulis menyadari bahwa penyusunan Proposal Karya Tulis Ilmiah ini tidak terlepas dari bantuan dan dukungan berbagai pihak. Oleh karena itu, pada kesempatan ini penulis mengucapkan terimakasih kepada : 1.

Letkol Ckm (K) Indah Setyawati,S.K.M.,M.M selaku Direktur Akper Kesdam IV/Diponegoro Semarang.

2.

Ns. Ainnur Rahmanti, M. Kep selaku pembimbing yang telah sabar dan ikhlas meluangkan waktu untuk memberikan bimbingan kepada penulis.

3.

Bapak dan Ibu Dosen Staf Akper Kesdam IV/Diponegoro semarang yang telah memberikan bekal ilmu pengetahuan sebagai dasar Karya Tulis Ilmiah

4.

Kedua orang tua saya tercinta yang telah ikhlas memberikan doa serta pengorbanan baik baik materi maupun motivasi yang diberikan kepada penulis sehingga dapat menimba ilmu di Akper Kesdam IV/Diponegoro Semarang dan dapat menyelesaikan Karya Tulis Ilmiah.

5.

Teman-teman saya yang selalu mendukung dan memberikan dan memberikan

v

semangat yang tiada hentinya. 6.

Dan kepada semua pihak yang tidak dapat penulis sebutkan. Penulis menyadari bahwa Karya Tulis Ilmiah ini banyak kekurangan dan keterbatasan pengetahuan dan kemampuan. Oleh sebab itu penulis mengharapkan kritik dan saran yang dapat mengembangun dari berbagai pihak untuk memperbaiki ini.

Semarang,

……………..

vi

Juli 2018

Judul kti ……nama mahasiswa……….. …………nama dosen……. ABSTRAK Pembedahan adalah suatu tindakan medis yang bertujuan untuk mencegah terjadinya kecacatan dan terjadinya komplikasi. Pasien preoperatif biasanya pasien mengalami kondisi takut dan cemas karena ketidaktahuan dan kegagalan yang mengancam citra tubuh. Cemas timbul akibat stress karena pasien membayangkan tindakan yang akan dilakukan terhadap dirinya hal ini bisa menimbulkan efek pasien sulit untuk tidur. Salah satu metode non farmakalogi bisa menggunakan teknik rendam kaki menggunakan air hangat. Tujuan dari studi kasus ini adalah menganalisis penerapan rendam kaki air hangat terhadap pemenuhan tidur pada pasien preoperatif. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan studi kasus. Subyek adalah dua orang pasien preoperatif yang mengalami gangguan kualitas tidur. Hasil analisis menunjukan terjadinya peningkatan kualitas tidur pada kedua subyek. Kualitas tidur pada subyek I diukur dan nilainya 8 dan turun nilainya menjadi 4, subyek II nilai kualitas tidurnya 10 dan turun menjadi 5. Rekomendasi perlu konsisten perawat dalam melakukan terapi untuk meningkatkan kualitas tidur pada pasien preoperatif. Kata Kunci : Rendam Kaki, Keutuhan Tidur, Preopertif ABSTRACT Soaking in warm water is one of the oldest form of alternative therapy and there’s good reason why this practice has stood the test of time. Research has shown warm therapy works wonders for all kind of preoperative patient. Warm water is great for relaxing but it is also good for moving, it maker preoperative patient feel better. Preoperative patient usually the patient experience the condition such us a feel fear and anxiety because the patient imagine to do something in them selves, this causes for the patient effects difficult to sleep. One method of non-pharmacology can uses foot soak techniques using warm water. The purpose of this case study is analyzes the application of warm water foot soaks to the fulfillment of sleep in preoperative patient. This type of research is descriptive using case study method approachment. Subject were two preoperative patient who has sleep quality disorders. The result of the analysis showed the increase of sleep quality in both subject. The quality of sleep for subject I have the value 8 and the decline in value to be 4. Subject II the quality of valve is 10 and decline to be 5. Nurse recommendation need be consistienly in doing therapy to improve quality of sleep for preoperative patient feel better. Key word : Foot Soak, Intact Sleep, Preoperative

vii

DAFTAR ISI Halaman Judul ............................................................................................................. i Lembar Pernyataan Keaslian........................................................................................ ii Lembar persetujuan ..................................................................................................... iii Lembar Pengesahan...................................................................................................... iv Kata Pengantar.............................................................................................................. v Abstrak.......................................................................................................................... vii Daftar Isi....................................................................................................................... viii Daftar Lampiran........................................................................................................... xi Daftar Tabel.................................................................................................................. xii Daftar Diagram............................................................................................................. xiii

viii

Daftar Istilah dan Singkatan ........................................................................................ xiv BAB I PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................................... 1 A. Latar

Belakang

........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 1 B. Rumusan

Masalah

........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 6 C. Tujuan ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 6 D. Manfaat ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 6 BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ................................................................................ 7 A. PREOPERATIF

ix

........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 7 1. Pengertian ...................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... 7 2. Etiologi ...................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... 7 3. Tahap

-

Tahap

Fase

Preoperasi

...................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... 9 4. Persiapan

Pasien

Sebelum

Menjalani

Pembedahan

...................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... 10 B. RENDAM

KAKI

........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 12 1. Pengertian

x

...................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... 12 2. Teori

Hidroterapi

Kaki

...................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... 13 3. Manfaat ...................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... 13 4. Indikasi

dan

Kontraindikasi

...................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... 14 5. Teknik

Relaksasi

...................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... 14 C. KONSEP

TIDUR

........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 16 1. Pengertian

xi

...................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... 16 2. Fisiologi ...................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... 17 3. Tahapan

Tidur

...................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... 18 4. Kebutuhan

Tidur

Setiap

Manusia

...................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... 19 5. Faktor

Yang

Mempengaruhi

Tidur

...................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... 22 6. Fungsi

dan

Tujuan

Tidur

...................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... 24 7. Gangguan

Tidur

xii

...................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... 24 BAB III METODE STUDI KASUS ......................................................................... 26 A. Rancangan

studi

kasus

........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 25 B. Subjek

Penelitian

........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 25 C. Fokus

Studi

........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 26 D. Definisi

Operasional

........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 26 E. Instrumen

Studi

xiii

Kasus

........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 27 F. Metode

Pengumpulan

Data

........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 27 G. Lokasi

dan

Waktu

studi

kasus

........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 29 H. Analisis

dan

Penyajian

Data

........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 29 I. Etika

Studi

Kasus

........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 29 BAB IV PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ....................................................... 31 A. Hasil

Penelitian

xiv

........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 31 1. Gambaran

Lokasi

Penelitian

...................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... 31 2. Gambaran

Studi

Kasus

...................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... 32 3. Pemaparan

Fokus

Studi

...................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... 33 B. Pembahasan ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 38 C. Keterbatasan

Penelitian

........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 43 BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN........................................................................... 44 xv

A. Simpulan ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 44 B. Saran ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ 44 DAFTAR PUSTAKA.................................................................................................. 45 LAMPIRAN

xvi

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran

1

:

Jadwal Kegiatan

Lampiran

2

:

Penjelasan untuk Mengikuti Penelitian (PSP)

Lampiran

3

:

Informed Concent (informasi dan pernyataan persetujuan)

Lampiran

4

:

SOP

Lampiran

5

:

Lembar Pematauan

Lampiran

6

:

Instrumen Studi Kasus

Lampiran

7

:

Lembar Konsul Bimbingan

xvii

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel

4.1

tabel

seteelah

dilakukan

tindakan

29 Tabel

4.2

Evaluasi

Nilai

....................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................... 30

xviii

DAFTAR DIAGRAM Diagram

4.1

29 Diagram

4.2

Hasil

Hasil

Evaluasi

.......................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................... 31

xix

DAFTAR SINGKATAN

RAS BSR

: :

Retricular Activating System

Bulbar Synchroizing Region

NREM

:

Nonrapid Eye Movement

REM

:

Rapid Eye Movement

PSQI

:

The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

xx