Baccay Book Report Final Na Talaga To Promise.docx

Introduction

Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children is a contemporary fantasy debut novel by American author Ransom Riggs. The story is told through a combination of narrative and vernacular photographs from the personal archives of collectors listed by the author. The story was about a 16 year-old boy named Jacob Magellan Portman and his adventures in the little Welsh island of Cairnholm, in search of Miss Peregrine and her home for peculiar children. His Grandpa Portman told him that it was safe for him to find for the bird and the loop because he really belongs to that place. That house was headed by a headmistress named Ms. Alma LeFay Peregrine. She was trying to take care of the children and giving them the security they needed to be safe from the monsters. When Jacob found that house, he then had a great bond with those people who were living in that place. Jacob had difficulties in adjusting to his new place but he learned how to interact with those peculiar children surrounding him. Ms. Peregrine told him a lot of information of what was currently happening to them. That there were monsters who were trying to find them so that they will eat their eyes and make their bodies stronger than ever. The headmistress of the house then told him the importance of his ability. It was one of a kind. It was surely helpful for Ms. Alma LeFay so that they will be secured from the attacks of the monsters. Jacob was the only one who can see the monsters because they were invisible. The story had a great plot that’s why it was followed by t other books. It was proclaimed to be one of the most creative and imaginative book of all times.

1

Key Facts 1. Tim Burton was inspired by the book’s peculiar images “Miss Peregrine’s Home For Peculiar Children” is based on American author Ransom Riggs’ debut novel of the same name. The New York Times bestseller book was largely inspired by the otherworldly vintage photographs the author collected at various flea markets. “Miss Peregrine’s Home For Peculiar Children” is the first in a trilogy. The sequel, “Hollow City”, which sees Jacob and his friends fleeing to London, was released on 2014, while the 3rd instalment, “Library of Souls”, was released last year.

2. Miss Peregrine is like a “scary Mary Poppins” Eva Green plays the title character whom director Burton describes as “a scary Mary Poppins” that has the same kind of strength and humour. Miss Peregrine is a shape-shifter known as an ymbryne who not only has the ability to turn into a bird but also create and maintain a time loop. “Miss Peregrine’s costume was something I wanted to relate to a bird without being too literal. I used a Victorian silhouette with a little ’30s twist. I wanted to feel like she could launch at any moment. So the skirt has areas that flow, and the shoulders sort of have a wing shape at the top,” shared costume designer Colleen Atwood.

3. Unlikely romance between Jake & Emma In the story, Jake eventually falls in love with Emma, who, in her previous life, also had a special bond with Jake’s grandfather, Abraham Portman. Actors Asa Butterfield and Ella Purnell, who play the onscreen lovers, bonded on set over the fact that they had to cram exams between shoots. “One of the most challenging parts of this entire shoot is that I was in the middle of taking my exams. Ella’s in the same boat as me. So, we’d come off a scene and then be doing maths or writing an essay. And that’s such a weird kind of transition. Education’s important, as my mum tells me. But it all turned out good in the end, and I passed,” recalled Butterfield.

4. Emma & Olive’s powers are being switched for the film If you have already read the book, you’d know that Emma’s special ability is fire control. However, in the film version, she possess the ability of weightlessness – she floats, and has to rely on weighted shoes to keep her securely on the ground.

2

“My character can manipulate air basically — in the book it’s fire, but in the film it’s air — so she does that in all these creative ways. She can breathe underwater, help other people breath underwater, she can create a tornado with her breath. The main thing is that she flies, so I spent so long in a harness and wires up in the air,” the Brit actress told WWD. You can see her superpower in action in the image above as Jake is seen dragging Emma along by a rope while on a beach.

5. Author defends movie changes made by Tim Burton It’s essential to note that books and movies are separate entities. Thus, adaptations will always have some differences. In the words of Kimmy West, “the book will always be here for us to enjoy, and the film will be Tim Burton’s interpretation of the universe Ransom Riggs created!” The author also took to Twitter to voice his support for Burton and also assured fans that everything is going to be better than okay.

3

Background of the Author

Ransom Riggs

Ransom Riggs was born on a farm in Maryland in 1980. He grew up in Englewood, Florida and attended Pine View School for the Gifted before receiving a degree in English literature from Kenyon College and one in film from the University of Southern California. He is best known for writing the young adult novel Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children, which resulted from collecting old photographs. Riggs began writing stories, taking photographs, and making movies when he was young, and continued cultivating these interests into adulthood. After graduating from the University of Southern California with a film degree, he attempted to enter the film festival circuit and get discovered. However, this dream did not pan out, and he instead spent much of his time writing scripts or blogging for Mental Floss. This blogging led to a job writing a book called The Sherlock Holmes Handbook that went along with the 2009 Sherlock Holmes film. Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children was his second project, which came about after he approached his publisher Quirk Books with some photographs to turn into a narrative. In 2012 he published another book inspired by old photographs, called Talking Pictures, and eventually followed Miss Peregrine's Home with two sequels: Hollow City in 2014 and Library of Souls in 2015.

4

Plot Summary

When Jacob Portman was young, his grandpa Portman died from the attack of the hallowgasts. This event has delivered him to the island which his grandpa was telling him. Although at first, Jacob was in doubt of his grandpa‛s stories about all these peculiar children and this particular house, Jacob still managed to go there with the accompaniment of his own father. They finally cam to Cairnholm Island, the island that his grandpa was telling him to go so he can be safe from the attacks of the hallowgasts. Jacob and his father checked in a hotel called the Priest Hole. Jacob was so eager to check if the house was still there and if there are people who still live in that place but it turned out the opposite. It was a complete bust for Jacob. So, he came back to the house and had a sleep rest that night. The following day, he went again to the house but this time he saw the house with some of the peculiar that his Grandpa was telling him. It was the first Interaction of the main character with some of the peculiar children but then it didn’t go well. But, as they were getting to know each other, they managed to be comfortable with each other and then suddenly went to the house. Jacob Portman finally saw the house through the loop. He also saw the other peculiar children. He also had a conversation with the headmistress of the house named, Miss Alma LeFay Peregrine. Miss Peregrine was telling him that he could help them to protect the house and the children from the hallowgasts because he had this unique peculiarity. He was then told that his grandpa stayed in that house for a long time and went outside the loop. Days after the first meet up, he learned and knew what his peculiarity was all about that he could see the invisible monsters. As days pass by, he had developed a relationship with the children, a friendly relationship but one of the girls had an intimate relationship with him. Her name was Emma. He and Emma talked about the past of Emma and his grandfather Portman. But then, when the days gone by, hallowgasts together with the wights have managed to pass to the loops. Jacob was shocked when he knew that Dr. Golan was the one of the hollows. Miss Peregrine was abducted by the hollows so the children were left in the house without the guidance of the headmistress. Enoch, the one who can bring back to life the dead livings had a plan. He built a skeleton army to weaken the hallowgasts. The other children used their own peculiarities to defeat the monsters so that Jacob and Emma could save Miss Peregrine from the hollows. Jacob and Emma went to a shipwreck to check Miss Peregrine. They faced Dr. Golan and managed to defeat him with their peculiarities. They saved Miss Peregrine but it seemed like Miss Peregrine was stuck in her bird form and couldn’t make her back to her human form. But then, Miss Peregrine flew away from the children and bid goodbye to them. The children were finding their way to their new home while. Jacob and his father went back to their home.

5

Characters

Major Characters:

1) Jacob Magellan Portman The main character in the story. He was the grandson of Abraham Portman aka as Abe or Grandpa Portman. His grandfather died because of the attack of the monsters who were trying to kill all the peculiar people in the story to gain power. Jacob has a hidden skill where in he could see the invisible monsters who were trying to kill them. His “peculiarity” was unique and the only people who have this kind of ability is him and his grandfather. He didn’t noticed his power until he came into the house of peculiar children. He went to Cairnholm Island to discover and find Miss Peregrine so that he will be able to protect himself according to his grandpa. He had a lot of adventures within that island and he met those peculiar children that his grandpa was telling him before he died. 2) Emma Bloom Is a female peculiar with the peculiarity of being able to manipulate fire. She was the female deuterogamist in Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children. Emma told Jacob that she first began to manifest her ability when she was 10 while she was sleeping in her bed. Because this happens so frequent, her parents reduced Emma's bed to a metal cot which they stressed over not having anything flammable. Emma's parents continued to call her a pyromaniac and a liar, reasoning their claims with the fact that Emma was never burned from the fires she caused. 3) Miss Alma LeFay Peregrine Miss Peregrine was the headmistress of Miss Peregrine’s Home for Peculiar Children. She was a nice lady, taking in peculiar children because the world can be dangerous for them because of the monsters that were trying to kill them through eating their eyeballs as their source of power. She has two evil brothers who were the reason why the monsters, known as the hollowgast, tormented the peculiars. Miss Peregrine was forced into bird form, along with Esmerelda Avocet, her mentor, and both were kidnapped.

4) Abraham Portman Abe or Grandpa Portman was one of the first characters we met. We were told in the first paragraph that he lived in an orphanage, fought in wars, crossed oceans, performed in circuses, knew everything about guns and self-defense and surviving in the wilderness, and spoke at least three languages that weren't English. He was a busy man, and kind of sounded like the ultimate grandpa. Unfortunately, most of his family thought that he made all this stuff up. He may be an amazing grandpa to Jacob, but he wasn't a good father. Jacob's dad even thought that his own father was a dirty cheater, going on "business" trips that were more "bizness" than business, if you catch our drift. Abe was discouraged when Jacob stopped believing his fantastic tales. Maybe he was used to it, because his own son stopped believing in him long ago. Either way, though, he died with no one believing in

6

him, killed by the tentacles of the monsters that he was trying to get them to believe in. Which is pretty depressing for him.

5) Franklin Portman Jacob’s father and Grandpa Portman’s son. He was an "amateur ornithologist" who hasn't published a thing, and while his wife's family owned a drugstore empire, he seemed to feel inferior and insecure about his own lack of success. No one in his family appreciated him. His wife was so glad when he left with Jacob for Cairnholm Island—Jacob heard her said she was glad that Jacob and Dad were leaving so she wouldn't have "two needy children to worry about". Even, Jacob was regularly disappointed in his dad, Jacob doesn't want to work a "real job," but he wished his dad had one all the same. 6) Dr. Golan

After Jacob watched his grandfather died, his parents sent him to a doctor named Dr. Golan, which diagnosed Jacob with "acute stress reaction". The good doctor worked with Jacob to get to the root of his problem by suggesting that he should trace Grandpa's roots and learn more about him. But the doctor had an ulterior motives: He wanted to follow Jacob in order to get to Miss Peregrine. Dr. Golan was a wight who was eating raw meat and helping the hollowgast in achieving immortality. He was working with one named Malthus on Cairnholm Island, and his plan seemed to be twofold: Kidnap Miss Peregrine for the hollowgast's ultimate plan, and feed Malthus as many children as possible. That was definitely not a compliance with HIPAA regulations.

7) Enoch O’Connor Enoch had one of the most peculiar of the peculiar abilities: He can bring things back to life. It was not as easy as touching them and getting them to talk, though—he had to take the life of one thing and give it to another. What this means is that he has to have an animal heart to bring something else back to life. This came in handy when the group needed to interrogate a murder victim. He can even give life to inanimate objects. When Jacob first met him, Enoch was playing with his "homunculi" that he really should do in private. They're little clay creatures he had brought back to life and torments. If that was not a serial-killer warning sign, we didn't know what is. When Enoch was not bringing the dead to life, or animating his dolls, he was a bit of a troublemaker. Enoch stirred up Jacob by telling him about Raid the Village and tricking him into sneaking into a room in Miss Peregrine's, but he ultimately ended up being a reliable member of the team to save Miss Peregrine in the end.

7

Minor Characters:

1) Peculiar Children:  





 



Bronwyn Bruntley - One of Miss Peregrine's peculiar children, a female syndrigast with the peculiarity of having super strength. She is very caring and picks the vegetables for dinner. Olive Abroholos Elephanta – She is a female peculiar with the peculiarity of levitation. Unlike the other children in Miss Peregrine's home, Olive's peculiarity was with her the second she was born. According to her, she floated right up to the hospital ceiling and would have floated out the window if it had not been for the umbilical cord keeping her attached to her mother. She has to wear weighted shoes so she does not float away for occasionally she does. Millard Nullings – A male peculiar with the peculiarity of being invisible. He's also a scholar of all things peculiar. Millard is first mentioned in the prologue by Abraham Portman. He appears next in chapter five talking to Emma after capturing Jacob. He is the first peculiar that Jacob formally met, although Emma is the first peculiar he saw. Millard used his knowledge of everything that happens on the island to help get himself, Emma, and Jacob back to the house safely. Claire Densmore - A peculiar under the care of Miss Peregrine and is the youngest of her wards. Claire's peculiarity is her back mouth. During supper time, the other children begin to eat supper, but Claire does not. When questioned why she isn't eating by Miss Peregrine, Hugh interjects saying that she is embarrassed to eat in front of Jacob. When insisted not to be embarrassed, she proceeds to eat her chicken leg with her backmouth, which surprises Jacob. Hugh Apiston - One of Miss Peregrine's peculiar children—a male syndrigast with the peculiarity of commanding and protecting the many bees that live in his stomach. Horace Somnusson - One of Miss Peregrine's peculiar children—a male syndrigast with the peculiarity of having prophetic dreams. Horace is one of the children who goes to the beach, along with Emma, Millard, Bronwyn, and Hugh. He often mentions clothes. When Miss Avocet got attacked, he joined Enoch in teasing Olive and Claire. Near the end of the book, he says he has dreamed about the place where the wights are keeping the ymbrynes and is able to draw it. Fiona Frauenfeld - A peculiar under her caretaker Miss Peregrine. She is a female syndrigast with the ability to make plants grow.

2) Non-peculiar Characters :  

Ricky - He is Jacob Portman's and only friend best friend back in Englewood, Florida. He goes with Jacob to Abraham Portman's house the night that the latter is murdered by the hollowgast Malthus. Martin Pagett - A kind man who guided to Jacob and his father during their trip to Cairnholm. He later showed Jacob the 'Old Man'. Martin was murdered by the hollowgast Malthus. He was found in his shredded nightclothes by a fisherman.

8

Chapter 1 Summary: Jacob was sent to family business named Smart Aid by his parents but he didn't like to work in it so he tried to do things that will fire him but it didn't worked. His grandpa called him because his grandfather was asking where the key was. But Jacob was insisting that he didn't know where it was even though he really had an idea. His grandpa was in a total panic. Grandpa Portman told Jacob that the monsters are coming behind him and that he needed the key to protect himself. Jacob didn't bother to say where the key was because he knew that the key could open a garage full of guns. He couldn't out his grandpa to danger that's why he didn't told him. It was not the first time that his grandpa was telling his stories on Jacob. His grandpa then said that if the key was very important to Jacob's father, he could have it and his dead body too and then the phone call was cut. Jacob ask his father why his grandpa was so obsessed on guns and then his father told hi that sometimes, it happened to soldiers because of the trauma caused by the war. His father asked him to check his grandpa if he was okay. Jacob said yes and he asked his best friend Ricky to come with him. As they drove into Grandpa Portman's house, the skies turned blue and the subdivision were like and open-air museum. While they were driving, they saw a guy from his grandfather's neighborhood that has white eyes and sprinkling water into his plants. They have already reached the house. Jacob rang the bell and waited for long. A dog barked somewhere that made them scared. So they banged the door to come into the house but no one was there to open the door so Jacob fetched the extra key from its hiding place in the bushes. He opened the door and he shouted his grandpa's name but no one answered him back. He saw the house and it was a complete mess. His heart sank and he thought that this old man had lost his minds. He went room to room to he check his grandpa but he wasn't there. They saw a gleam of light in the backyard and they followed it. They picked up the flashlight to lit the dark area and they saw Grandpa Portman lying on the bushes drowning in his own blood. He thought that his grandfather was already dead but as he walk nearby his grandpa, he can sense that he wasn't dead yet. Jacob panicked and he said that he needed to move his grandpa to save his life but his grandpa was hurting so bad. His grandpa told him his lard words but it was barely audible so he leaned down and put his ears near his grandpa's mouth but still he couldn't hear it. He repeated his name and asked what he was saying and it was the old paranoia his grandfather was saying. Grandpa Portman told him to go to an island, find the bird because he wasn't safe here anymore. He then said that he thought he could protect Jacob but it turned out the opposite. Ricky then saw Jacob from apart with a man lying on the floor so Ricky went to Jacob as fast as he could. Jacob felt that there's someone in the woods, Ricky couldn't see it but Jacob could. It wasn't a man. It was monster with long eel-like tongues. Ricky raised his .22 and fired but he couldn't see it. He asked what was that but Jacob was struck into a moment and then blacked out for what he saw. Analysis: The first chapter was so devastating for Jacob, the main character in the story because his Grandpa Portman was killed by a hallowgast. Although, this event has opened the mind of Jacob that his grandpa was not lying about these mysterious creatures, Jacob was still doubting on his grandpa stories. This chapter also allowed the main character to think clearly of what’s really happening on him and his grandfather. This chapter delivered him to a whole new level where in he would need to go to an island where his grandpa was telling him before he died.

9

Chapter 2 Summary: Jacob spent the months in following his Grandpa Portman's death. He couldn't forget the creature that killed his grandfather in the forest and that it might soon return for him. He tried so many things to forget that terrible tragedy happened to his father by not leaving in the house and playing video games. He blamed himself for what happened to his grandfather because at first, he didn't believe in him and it turned out like his parents was not also believing in his alibis even the police. But, the cop came back with a sketch artist to draw the creature what Jacob saw in the forest that night but still the police didn't believe in him and instead concluding that it was the feral dogs who killed his grandpa. Eventually, Jacob was taken to a doctor named Dr. Golan to help him with his situation. The doctor said he has an acute stress reaction so the doctor prescribed him these pills to ease his trauma that he was facing. The doctor asked him to describe his dreams for a week but he tried to lied about it but he was not a good liar so he told the doctor that he was dreaming the same dream for a week. Jacob couldn't forget the last words of his grandpa, “Find the bird, Find the loop” so he went to a Circle Village to find Mr. Emerson but it was a complete bust. Days passed by, his parents decided to sell Grandpa Portman's house so they went to that house before it was sold. While taking a look on the things that his grandpa left, he and his father had an argument about it so he locked himself to the bedroom and found a small box containing these creepy photos that Grandpa Portman didn't told him. Party was set for Jacob's birthday but he wasn't in the mood to celebrate. He had a lot of visitors. One of them was his uncle named Les. His uncle told him that he and Jacob's mother were planning to take Jacob to Tampa this summer for a family business. The next thing happened was his mother announced that it was time to open presents. He then started at the small one and it was the key to his parents’ luxury sedan. The next present was given by his aunt but it was originally came from his grandpa. It was book entitled “The Selected Works of Ralph Waldo Emerson”. That book was accompanied with a letter that was wrote by a woman named Alma LeFay Peregrine. That book made Jacob to start thinking about his grandfather's stories. He was startled about the letter and was convinced to go to that island on a summer. He went so excited about the trip and tried to check if Ms. Alma LeFay Peregrine was still residing in that island but he couldn't contact her. Analysis: Chapter 2 is the first chapter that takes place fully in the “After” period of Jacob’s life, and he is more of a loner than ever. He is isolated from everyone around him because they all believe he is crazy, unwilling to listen to him and eager to close the case of Grandpa Portman’s death once and for all. His only friend, Ricky, pushes away from him, also reluctant to associate with Jacob while he is in this state. Completely alone now, Jacob has to focus all his energy on figuring out what his grandfather wanted him to know. The aftermath of his therapy proves the power of the mind. Jacob is able to convince himself that he was imagining things and that there are no monsters after a session with Dr. Golan, even though he saw the creature in the woods with his own eyes. Everyone wants so much for him to believe it is not real that he is able to do it, at least for a little while.

Chapter 3

10

Summary: Jacob and his father finally made their way to Wales. On the ferry ride to the Cairnholm island, the ferryman told them about all the shipwrecks in the area, sunk by German U-Boats during the war. When they reached the little town, a local pointed them to Priest Hole, the one place with rooms to rent on the island. He warned them against going out to the old abandoned children’s home alone. They devoted the next day to scouting out the island, but when his father wanted to stop for a while at a particular spot to watch birds, Jacob went back to town to find someone to take him to the abandoned house. He asked Kev, the owner of Priest Hole, and Kev sent the fishmonger, Dylan, with him, along with his friend Worm. They tricked him by pretending that a shed full of animal dung was the house, and then refused to go any farther, leaving him to continue on alone. Jacob finally found the house, an abandoned, eerie wasteland of a place. He was hoping that he would find Miss Peregrine there, but he was doubting about it. He explored it, finding scattered, old children’s toys and dilapidated rooms, and realized that it was impossible that anyone was still living there. He left the house feeling further than ever from the truth. Analysis: In this chapter, it was very thrilling for Jacob because they finally got into the Cairnholm Island. With the accompaniment of his father who just wants to see and discover different species of birds because of his profession, Jacob got the opportunity to find where the house was located. But in this chapter, this really showed the new beginnings for the major character. It was the indicator that he was starting his new journey in the island with the knowledge given to him by gis Grandpa Portman.

Chapter 4

11

Summary: Jacob went back to the Priest Hole and told his father about the trashed house and was leaving out the part about being alone when he went there. They talked about how Jacob did not yet have a better idea of his grandfather, and his father said that he gave up trying to understand him a long time ago. He said Grandpa Portman did not know how to be a father, so he dealt with it by being absent from his son’s life. He was also saying that Grandpa Portman kept too many secrets, and that he believed he was seeing another woman because of a letter he received that Jacob’s father and aunt found. Jacob insisted that his father was wrong about Grandpa Portman, and that he was going to prove it. Jacob went to the island’s small museum and was hoping to have a little talk with the curator about the history of the abandoned house. He stopped to look at the exhibits, and saw a grotesque looking blackened corpse inside one of the cases. The museum curator, Martin Pagett, showed up, and explained that this was the Cairnholm Man, or the Old Man, a 2700-year-old corpse that was found in an archaeological dig on the island. They found his body in the bog. Jacob asked Martin about the house, and he told him that all the people who lived in the house died a long time ago in the war in a German air raid. Jacob insisted that, that couldn't be right, since the letter from Miss Peregrine was dated much later than that. Martin took Jacob to speak with his Uncle Oggie, an 83-year-old man who had lived in the area his whole life. Uncle Oggie talked about seeing the children from the house came into town sometimes to buy groceries, but remembered that they always kept to themselves. He remembered the exact day when the island was bombed and the house was destroyed—September 3, 1940, the exact date that Grandpa Portman muttered as he was dying. He said there was one survivor, a young man who wandered into town unscathed after the bombing and said he wanted to go to the mainland and join the war. Jacob realized that was his grandfather. He told his father what he learned later, and they realized that Grandpa Portman was likely not affectionate with his son and daughter because he was afraid of losing his family a second time. Jacob wondered if the letter from Miss Peregrine from fifteen years ago was actually from the woman his grandfather was cheating with, disguising her identity. He fell asleep that night and woke up to a large bird in his room, staring him down, and his father labeled it a peregrine falcon. Perturbed but sure it was a coincidence, he made the decision to head to the abandoned house one more time to search for any information he could find. Analysis: In this chapter, the adventure of Jacob Portman has began. He went back to the priest hole and then told his father about the abandoned house. For him, he was so unsure about the stories of his grandfather because the house that he saw was already trashy and no one was living there anymore. In this chapter, the main character was in doubt and he was not very sure of what he might encounter in the near future.

Chapter 5

12

Summary: Jacob finally made it to the house in a downpour of rain, and chose to go upstairs to explore first. The rooms looked almost as if the children had just left them, with forgotten toys lying everywhere, collecting dust. He found what must have been Miss Peregrine’s room. In it was a locked trunk. He tried so many times to open it, and finally decided to push it over the upstairs railing and let gravity do the work. It smashed straight through the floorboards to the basement, and in it he found dozens of photographs, all very similar to his grandfather’s old photos. He realized that those photos must have come from this trunk, from this house. As he was looking at them, he heard a loud crash somewhere above him in the house, and a girl’s voice that was saying softly, “Abe? Is that you?” Afraid and startled, Jacob stared upward through the hole in the basement ceiling and saw six kids staring down at him. He realized that they were the children from the photographs. He wanted to introduce himself, but he cannot find his voice, and the children, scared, scatter. He chased the girl for a while and tried to tell her that he was Abe’s grandson, but she kept on running to a mound of stones that Jacob recognized as a cairn, one of the Neolithic tombs for which Cairnholm was named. He followed her inside of it, but couldn't find her once he entered. He tried to figure out what just happened and wondered if this was a hallucination, since the kids were supposed to have died a long time ago. He decided it was time to stop this and go home, so he left the cairn, startled to find that there was no rain in sight and the bog was bathed in sunlight. He walked back into town, but realized that town was different: there were horse carriages instead of tractors, the buzz of diesel generators was gone, and everyone was staring at him. He went to the Priest Hole, but the people did not recognize him. They believed he was a German spy, and chased him away. Jacob tried to figure out whether he was in the middle of a psychotic episode when suddenly the girl he was chasing appeared and was grabbing him and demanding to know who he was. He explained that Abraham Portman was his grandfather, but she did not believe it. He showed her Miss Peregrine’s letter to prove it, but she still denied it and seemed to think he was some kind of monster. Jacob saw a calendar and realized that it was September 3, 1940. He remembered his grandfather telling him “On the other side of the old man’s grave,” and realized that he was talking about the cairn. He had gone into the cairn and come out in another time. His knees gave out and he fainted. He has been awaken to the girl and another boy was having a conversation over him and was arguing about who he was. The boy was invisible, and introduced himself as Millard Nullings. He said the girl’s name was Emma. They ran back through town with him, and talk about being from a “loop.” They kept accusing Jacob of being a “wight,” but he had no idea what was going on. Emma called him her prisoner, and told him to keep quiet as they ride in a wagon out of town. Analysis: In this chapter, Jacob had already have an encounter with some of the peculiar children that Miss Peregrine had sent to get him and deliver him to the house. The encounter of Jacob and some of the peculiar children was not great because they didn’t know each other. It was a normal scenario for me when a person met anew faces in a certain place that he was roaming in. This chapter tells the first interaction of the main character to other characters that will help him solve the crime of his father and to get what he really wants.

Chapter 6

13

Summary: Jacob walked through the woods with the invisible boy, Millard, and Emma, who could somehow conjure fire in her hands. They finally reached the children's home, but it was now beautiful instead of broken and abandoned. He saw lots of other children, many of whom he recognized from all the photographs. Everything was exactly as his grandfather described in the stories, and the children were clearly magical, each with some special ability. Millard called them "peculiar." Jacob was taken inside to meet the headmistress, Miss Peregrine. He recognized her immediately from the photos. She told Jacob that she has been watching him in her alternate form—a peregrine falcon. She was surprised at how little Jacob knew about them, how little Grandpa Portman actually told him. Miss Peregrine deduced that Grandpa Portman was dead, and Jacob explained how he died. She was angry and upset, remembering how she warned him not to leave the island. It was revealed that Emma had been eavesdropping on their conversation, and she was distraught, having been Grandpa Portman's sweetheart when they both lived here. Miss Peregrine then tried to answer as many of Jacob's questions as she could. She explained the difference between coerlfolc, or common people, and the hidden syndrigast, or peculiar spirit. There were peculiars all over the world, but they must live in hiding, since common people often believe them to be dangerous witches, ghosts, or shapeshifters. A special kind of peculiar, a bird shapeshifter called an ymbryne has the ability to manipulate time—Miss Peregrine was one of these. Ymbrynes set up isolated enclaves as safe places for peculiar children, and was creating temporal loops where time remained on one day so that peculiar folk could live indefinitely. Jacob remembered his grandfather's words: "Find the bird, in the loop." This loop was stuck on September 3, 1940. The peculiars were on Cairnholm for ten years before this date, but they did not need isolation until then, because if they had not entered a loop then they would have been bombed and killed. Miss Peregrine recounted the other ymbrynes and their loops, particularly Miss Finch and Miss Avocet. Miss Avocet and Miss Bunting taught an academy for ymbynes that Miss Peregrine once attended. She explained that only women can be ymbrynes because men lack the seriousness required of such responsibility. Miss Peregrine invited Jacob to stay for dinner, and he did. She introduced him to the other children as Abraham's grandson Jacob, but did not tell them that Abe is dead. Jacob watched all the children's peculiar eating habits - one girl, Claire, had a mouth on the back of her head. The children asked Jacob a lot of questions about the future, and they were a bit disappointed when they learned it was not as grand as they excepted it to be. The kids told Jacob that they were all around seventy and eighty years old, having been in this loop for around seventy years. Suddenly there were booms outside; it was the Germans, came to bomb them. Jacob was afraid, but the kids laughed and said it was merely the changeover, when the loop was set again to the beginning of the day. They took him outside to seek it, and it looked like a fireworks display. Jacob watched the bomb fall and it froze just before it hit, and then everything went white and the bomb disappeared. Emma escorted Jacob home for the night back through the cairn, and apologized for the way she treated him earlier. Analysis: Basically, this chapter only tackles on the first interaction of Jacob Portman with the other peculiar children who are living in the house. Also, this chapter shows adjustments of Jacob that he need to do because he will be staying in the new environment with new people around him. It tells about the new start for Jacob Portman as a real peculiar man.

Chapter 7

14

Summary: Jacob was heading back to the loop the next morning and was lying to his father that he met some people from the other side of the island there and would be hanging out with them. Emma was waiting at the bog for him, and they made it through the cairn and into the loop just in time for a performance the children were putting on about their abilities. Jacob learned about their peculiarities in this way. Millard was invisible, Olive could levitate, Emma could make fire and swallow it, Bronwyn had superhuman strength, Hugh has bees living in his mouth, and Fiona could instantly grow plants and flowers. They used to perform this show and travel around the world, making money by pretending their abilities were just magic show acts. After the show, the kids walked through town to get to the harbor to go swimming. One child, Horace, wore a suit and tailcoat there, as he did everywhere he went—his peculiarity was his prophetic dreams. Walking through town, Jacob was perturbed to notice the same things he saw the day before. Millard said that he was compiling an account of the day in the loop experienced by every single human and animal resident of Cairnholm, and had spent twenty-seven years on this already. They went swimming, and then Jacob told them all about the world in the future. They were amazed by his accounts of the technology and lifestyle in the present. As they head back to the house, Emma was flirting a bit with Jacob, and he was inviting her over into his world for a day. Miss Peregrine would never let her over for that long, so instead she came through the cairn for one minute so she and Jacob could take pictures on his cell phone together. Jacob made it back into town and runs into his father, who told him that something happened and they need to get back quickly. The people at the pub were trying to figure out who killed a load of the island's sheep, and they interrogated Jacob about where he was. He came up with a quick excuse and said the friends he told his father about were imaginary, and he was actually alone all day. Eventually Jacob convinced them that it was not him, and they showed Jacob and his father the dead sheep, killed with clean knife cuts and covered in blood. People eventually started to think it was Worm and Dylan, but Jacob did not think it was them. His father got angry at him for lying about meeting up with friends, and then Jacob went to his bed thinking about Emma. Analysis: In this chapter, Jacob seems that he was so overwhelmed of his new environment. He lied to his father about the things that happened to him for the past few days of him staying at the home for peculiar children. Also in this chapter, it tells us that the main character is starting to develop a relationship with a girl named Emma who was trying to flirt with him. This chapter is an indicator that the main character will have more interaction with one of the peculiar children who was named for sure, Emma.

.

Chapter 8

15

Summary: As soon as he went back to the loop the next day, Miss Peregrine warned Jacob for telling stories to the peculiar children about the future. Because, Miss. Peregrine believed that it would harm the peculiar children and if they went outside the loop, they would age faster and die early. Later that morning Jacob met Enoch, a boy who created little clay soldiers that could actually move, called homunculi. His skill was taking life from one thing and giving it to another, and he showed Jacob the mouse heart that he put in the soldier to make it move. He asked Jacob if he would be staying with them on the island, and then told him that some things here were not as great as they seem. He told him to go upstairs to meet his friend Victor if he wanted proof. Enoch refused to tell him how Victor died, but he told him about Raid the Village, a game they played where they wreak havoc on town and destroyed things because the loop will reset it all the next day. Wondering how Victor died, Jacob wandered out of his room and found Emma's, noticing a tied-up box marked "private." She said he could have just asked her if he wanted to know about her and Abe, and then told him how his grandfather told her he loved her and would come back for her one day, but never did, and found another woman—Jacob's grandmother—to be with instead. Jacob realized that it was not him she liked; he was merely a stand-in for his grandfather. Emma moved in to kiss him, but he couldn't t handle this idea so he suggested that there was something going on between her and Enoch. He also demanded to know what happened to Victor, sure that there was something going on here that no one was telling him. She told him to meet her later that night and she would told him. Jacob went back to the future for a while and talked to his father who was upset because another birdwatcher had shown up on the island, which threatened his plans to write an innovative new book about the bird species here. The birdwatcher walked into the pub and was wearing dark glasses, and immediately seemed like a questionable figure. His father fell asleep immediately that night and Jacob sneaked out to meet Emma. She threw him a snorkel mask and told him they were going to swim somewhere before they talk, and then she led him to a shipwreck, where they breathe through a tube she and the others have built that leads up to the surface. They explored for a while, with Jacob mesmerized, before going back to the surface to sit on the ship's hull and talk. They began kissing, which Jacob promised himself he would not do. Emma asked him to stay there with them, but Jacob said he couldn't because he was not like them. She told him he must be peculiar because common people couldn't pass through time loops. Analysis: In this chapter, the main character was having difficulties in having a good relationship with his new friend named Enoch. Also, he was having an intimate relationship with one of the peculiar girls who was named Emma. This chapter shows the transitions of emotions and feelings of the main character which varies in different scenarios.

Chapter 9

16

Summary: Emma was explaining to Jacob that the hollows couldn’t pass through the loops that’s why they were safe in the house and the hollows couldn’t get to them. Victor died when he got fed up with the island, tried to leave, and was killed by monsters—she called them "hollows." Jacob told her that it was hollows that killed Abe too. They sat together on the ship for a while until suddenly Hugh and Fiona appeared and was paddling towards them in the water, telling them to come because something was terribly wrong. Miss Avocet, one of Miss Peregrine's ymbryne friends, has come, looking frail and weak. While they fixed up a bed for her, Jacob got angry at Miss Peregrine for not telling him straight away about the monsters and his peculiarity. He also wondered why his grandfather waited so long to tell him, and assumed he wanted to protect him. Miss Avocet came to stand and said she came to warn Miss Peregrine because a pair of wights came into her loop in the dead of night disguised as council members. Miss Bunting, her partner in running the school, was abducted, just like Miss Wren and Miss Treecreeper were in their own loops. They were taking ymbynes for some reason, so Miss Peregrine must be careful and be ready. Miss Peregrine sent all the children to bed, but Jacob forced her to sit down with him and explain everything she knew about the monsters. She explained that some time ago, a faction of peculiars who believed that they could use time loops to reverse aging and create immortality emerged. Her own two brothers were in on it, and they, other members of the faction, and traitor ymbrynes conducted an experiment that ended in a terrible explosion. Everyone had assumed they were killed, but they actually survived in the form of damned creatures called hollowgasts. No one knew for sure how it happened, but they believed they reversed-aged themselves so far back that their souls had not yet been conceived, so they were soulless monsters. The only hope for some salvation for hollows was to gorge themselves on peculiar blood because a hollow who ate enough peculiars becomes a wight, or a creature somewhere in between human and monster. Wights were servants to hollows. They were scouting out peculiars for them, and their defining feature is the lack of pupils in their eyes. Jacob remembered seeing the neighbor he thought was blind near his grandfather's house, and realized he was a wight. He wondered if the new birdwatcher on the island could be a wight, Miss Peregrine was worried that a wight followed Jacob to the island, after knowing about his grandfather. Analysis: This chapter was clearly an indication that there’s going to happen might deliver them to danger. It was the first attack of the hallowgast. This chapter tells the first fight of the main character as a peculiar children. This chapter shows that the main character in the story has become knowledgeable about his peculiarity and that it can be really useful when it comes to these events. The main character had really improved himself.

Chapter 10

17

Summary: It was a difficult decision-making for Jacob Portman whether to stay in that island or not to stay because of the things that were currently happening to the house together with the peculiar children. In the contrary, his father hasn’t wrote a book yet about his birds. At the house, Miss Peregrine had instituted what was nearly a lockdown in order to keep everyone safe, and all of the children were stir-crazy. Miss Avocet was still there, and everyone speculated as to why the hollows would want to kidnap ymbrynes. Jacob saw Horace made an apocalyptic prediction one night. Martin, the museum curator in Cairnholm, went missing, and they later found his body in the ocean. Jacob's father discussed running into the strange other birdwatcher the other night and was wearing sunglasses in the dark. Jacob feared that this means he was definitely a wight. There was a major storm about to hit the island and Jacob was instructed not to leave Priest Hole but he sneaked out so that he can warn Miss Peregrine about what he heard. Emma and Millard believed it was a hollow who killed Martin. Miss Peregrine said that no one was allowed to leave the house, not even Jacob. He was put up a fight because his father was stuck out there in town, but Miss Peregrine said if he chose to leave he could never return. Jacob decided to leave anyway to try and get the hollow before it gets them, and Emma, Bronwyn, and Enoch decided to sneak out of the loop with him. The plan was for Enoch to rouse Martin to asked him what killed him. They made it into town and went to the fishmonger's, where they were keeping Martin's body. Enoch roused him with a sheep's heart, and he woke up and recognized Jacob. He said "my old man" killed him, and Jacob realized he was talking about the bog boy that he saw in the museum when he first arrived on Cairnholm. He also realized that Martin was mistaken—he thought he saw the bog boy, but it was really a hollowgast, visible to the common eye only when it was eating. Suddenly the mysterious bird-watching man appeared and he knew about all of them. He listed their names in turn, even Jacob's, and then revealed that he had been present in Jacob's life in many ways for years and years. He was his old middle-school bus driver Mr. Barron, his family's lawn and pool cleaner, and worst of all, his psychiatrist Dr. Golan. This wight has been following Jacob around his entire life. He revealed the grotesque Malthus, his hollow, and said if Jacob helped them, he had nothing to fear from Malthus or his kind. When Jacob refused, Dr. Golan disappeared, leaving Malthus to eat them. They had fought and tried to make an exit, and were eventually able to because Bronwyn used her strength to beat him. Analysis: This chapter indicates the problems that the main character had encountered. He was even accused by Enoch about something that he didn’t do. It was so hurtful for the main character to be treated as one of their enemies even though he was the one who could save anybody from the monsters. Also, this shows the departure of Miss Peregrine as woman. She has been stuck with the bird form that’s why she could not bring herself back to normal and it was the problem of the whole thing.

Chapter 11

18

Summary: There has been a problem with Enoch and Jacob Portman with the hallowgasts. Enoch believed and accused Jacob that he was also part of the hollows because he already knew Dr. Golan and Enoch said that Jacob’s plan was to tell the hallowgasts or let them follow Jacob to straight to the house. Bronwyn and Enoch ran ahead while Emma and Jacob veered off to try and lead the hollow away. They were hiding in the shack full of sheep manure. Jacob told Emma that if they made it through this, he was staying with her, but then the hollow entered the shack and began to eat the sheep. They ran and make it to the cairn and Jacob buried garden shears in the hollow's eyes and watched it die. They went into the loop and to the house, only to learn from Bronwyn and Enoch that the wight made it in and captured Miss Peregrine and Miss Avocet as birds and took them away. The kids were in chaos; Jacob said they have to do something, so they run to where the wight tried to escape the island in a boat. The tide got too rough, so Dr. Golan and the ymbrynes stopped on the lighthouse rock - and were still there. Emma, Bronwyn, Millard, and Jacob decided to swim across to them, but Dr. Golan began to shoot. Millard got shot and was badly injured. Bronwyn ripped the metal door off the shipwreck they were sheltering in to use it as a shield to get Millard and the rest of the group to the lighthouse, which was the closest land. At the lighthouse, Bronwyn hit Dr. Golan with the door and knocked the wind out of him, and Jacob and Emma pursued him while Bronwyn made a tourniquet for Millard. Once he was dead, they would head out immediately to try and retrieve the birdcage from the ocean. As they were pursuing the cage, a German U-Boat appeared, manned by wights. One bird had escaped the cage—Miss Peregrine—but the wight takes Miss Avocet and the U-boat disappeared. The group made it back to shore with Miss Peregrine. Emma located something called the Map of Days, which was labeled with every loop ever known to exist. Millard explained to Jacob a concept called leapfrogging, where you travel to a loop and then have access to all other loops that existed at that time, even if they have ceased to exist in the present day. Through this method, you could travel through time. They were worried that the wights have taken the ymbrynes leapfrogging to a place that existed in the past, so they not only have to figure out where they were, but when too. Jacob decided to abandon his former life and come with them to find them. He went back to town in his own time and tried to explain to his father what happened. His father did not believe anything he said, and thought Jacob was crazy until Jacob's friends appeared. Emma showed them her flame hands, and Olive levitated, while Millard was invisible. Jacob told his father he was going on a trip and will not be back for a while, and his father said he was just like his grandfather. He went back to sleep, and they left him a photo of Emma and Grandpa Portman as proof that the Emma he just saw was real. They went back to what had once been the loop—it was now September 4 for the first time. They buried Victor, and prepared three rowboats to set off and left the island in. The ten children, with Miss Peregrine in her cage, set out on their next journey. Analysis: This chapter clearly shows that the story is going to its end. The main character, Jacob Portman had defeated the hallowgasts with the help of his peculiar friends. This chapter shows the unity and bond of the children even though they met each other just recently. Also, this was an indication that there will always be a rainbow after the storm.

Themes

19

Family The theme of family love is approached firstly by the book's central conflict—Jacob struggling to understand the death of his grandfather. The theme is then secondarily explored by the familial dynamic in Miss Peregrine's home and also by the fact that Jacob is in the same stage of life as his own grandfather when he was an orphan a long time ago. The theme of family struggles to see legacy in a meaningful way, in that Jacob, instead of going forward, travels back in time and gets stuck in a time loop that ultimately ends in futility and obscurity when their ymbryne, Miss Peregrine, is lost as a bird forever. Diverse Environment In the story, we have met a lot of characters and seen what are their capabilities or peculiarities. We know that even though they were different from each other, they accepted each one of them wholeheartedly knowing that they cam e from different places and different cultures. Death Death is long known to frustrate man's sense of meaning. That theme is represented in the novel by the death of Jacob's grandfather named Grandpa Portman, which initiates Jacob's central attempt to find meaning in the mysterious home. The idea of death—also appears in Enoch's skill with raising the dead as well as the wights and hollows' search for immortality. Unity In the latter part of the story, we know that Miss Peregrine was abducted by the hallowgasts. The peculiar children were left in the house without the supervision of their headmistress. That’s why, they managed to protect themselves and stand on their own feet with the utilization of their peculiarities. They set plans on how to defeat the hallowgasts with their powers and unified so that they will be able to save Miss Peregrine from the abduction of the hollows. Youth Power One of the most positive events of the novel occurs when Jacob and Emma defeat one of the hollows. This happens when Jacob Portman and Emma have already defeated the head of the hollows, Dr. Golan with the help of their own peculiarities. Even though Dr. Golan was older than them and had a lot of experiences in fighting with people, the two were able to set a plan and managed to defeat him through their peculiarities and intelligence. The Limitations of Knowledge Jacob has been an intelligent man and he is also unique in that he can see the monsters that have been haunting him. This insight is symbolic and points out a limitation of knowledge, namely that we can only know what we can see. So, if there are things that go bump in the night, we wouldn't necessarily know about them if they weren't readily apparent. Jacob is special in the

20

narrative because his unique insight helps him to see the monsters, and even to defeat one of them, although in the end he can't save the day. Time Time is a recurring theme throughout this novel, which tries to contradict our common perception of time as a fixed thing. Instead, Miss Peregrine's describes time as fluid and can be manipulated. With time loops, many different times can exist at once, under the control of human hands. Granting humans—even peculiar humans—the ability to manipulate time gives them immense power, since we often view time as the one thing we cannot change.

Symbolisms

21

The Apple Before the first kiss of Jacob Portman and Emma, Emma picks an apple and gives it to Jacob while still inside the loop. The next morning, back in his own time, Jacob notices that the apple has completely aged and shriveled up. This apple is a symbol for the peculiar children themselves, as it is subject to the same forces that would rapidly age a peculiar child from the loop who spent too much time in the present. It is a reminder of the fragility of time and the consequences that result from shifting and bending it. It symbolizes the shifting of time as Jacob passed to the loop and went back to the future. The Vernacular Photographs The photographs symbolize the memories of the peculiar children that grandpa Portman met while he was staying in Cairnholm Island. It was clearly a representation of what are the adventures that he had taken and who were the person that made his excursion more memorable. It was also a symbol of his past life in the house of the peculiar children. The House The house is a symbol of protection to the peculiar children and to Miss Peregrine. Also, it symbolizes the secrets of the past of Grandpa Abe Portman because he secretly stayed in that house for a long period time. The Cairnholm Man Early on in his stay at Cairnholm, Jacob comes upon the preserved, ancient body that the people of Cairnholm found in the bog. This corpse is a strong symbol for the past, which, as Jacob soon learns, is always present in Cairnholm. Birds Birds are significant motif in this story, both through Jacob's father's fascination with birdwatching and through the ymbrynes themselves, who are bird shapeshifters. Birds are given power in this novel, as Miss Peregrine says that all birds—not just ymbrynes—have the power to manipulate time and make the loops. It symbolizes power and birds were so enormous in this novel. The Cairn The cairn represents the place boundary of two different worlds behind Jacob Portman. It symbolizes the border between the loop and thw future where he was living in. Also, cairn helps the main character to pass through the loop so that he would be able to go to the house and discover the stories of his Grandpa Portman.

Quotes

22

“I left the house feeling like I was further than ever from the truth.“ -Jacob Portman

Jacob expected many secrets to be revealed the moment he saw the house. Instead, what he saw was a massive, abandoned, decrepit building, without any people there or any way to tell its own story. He feels more discouraged than ever when he leaves the house that first day, uncertain that he will find what he is looking for in Cairnholm.

“He let himself grow old.“ -Miss Peregrine

Miss Peregrine says this in sadness after Jacob tells her what happened to Grandpa Portman. The entire purpose of the loop was to keep the children safe from the monsters and also to not look old even their ages were really old. Miss Peregrine was saying that Abe Portman did escaped the loop that’s why he got old. Exiting the loop will definitely make your physical self older .

“Then, like a movie that burns in the projector while you're watching it, a bloom of hot and perfect whiteness spread out before me and swallowed everything.“ -Jacob Portman

Jacob is astonished when he experiences the loop's changeover for the first time. This is the moment when the time-bending was already seen by his two eyes. Up until this point, he could have pretended he was just imagining things, but after watching them reverse a bomb strike and cheat death in this way, he knows that what he was seeing was real.

“Yours is a world they can never be a part of, Mr. Portman. So what's the use in filling their heads with grand talk about the exotic wonders of the future?“ -Miss Peregrine 23

Miss Peregrine has always been so protective to the peculiar children. She didn’t like the idea that Jacob Portman was telling stories about the future to the peculiar children. She was trying to imply that the children couldn’t get to the future and they were safe if they will stay forever in the loop.

“It's him you want, not me. I can't be him for you.“ -Jacob Portman

This quotes was said by Jacob to Emma. He thinks that Emma doesn’t really love him because he knew that Emma and his Grandfather Portman had a relationship before they met that’s why he thinks that it was just an infatuation that he just reminds Emma the image of his own grandpa. “They may love you, but they'll never understand you.“ -Miss Peregrine

Miss Peregrine was telling Jacob that even if his parents were very supportive to him, once they will get to know his own peculiarity, they might not understand his feeling and his own thoughts.

“They made their choice long ago. What's important is that there's a grand plan in motion, Jacob, and you'll be part of it.“ -Dr. Golan

Since he once posed as Jacob's psychiatrist, this wight knows all of Jacob's insecurities, and also knows how to play with them. He promises Jacob a role of importance in the plan the wights and hollows are hatching to overpower time and death and become immortal, knowing that this kind of recognition will entice him. This is a test of Jacob's willpower, and he passes.

“It was strange to think that one day I might have my own stack of yellowed photos to show skeptical grandchildren—and my own fantastic stories to share.“ -Jacob Portman

24

Jacob’s entire journey to Cairnholm Island was to uncover the secrets of the stories of his grandpa. He was trying to prove if his grandpa was lying to him but when he went to the island and saw the house together with the children, he then realized that his grandpa was not lying. After his adventures, he realized that he could be on the shoes of his grandpa that he could have his own stack of vernacular photos to share with his future grandson.

References 

Clementon, J.S. (2015) 8 Fascinating Facts about Miss Peregrine Home for Peculiar Children. Retrieved from https://hype.my/2016/119048/fun-facts-8fascinating-things-about-miss-peregrines-home-for-peculiar-children-that-maysurprise-you//



Ford, F.D. (2014) Biography of Ransom Riggs. Retrieved from https://www.gradesaver.com/author/ransom-riggs

25



Anderson, M.S. (2012). Ransom Riggs Picture. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/images/znVktM



Corden, W.M. (2013). Miss Peregrine’s Hone for Peculiar Children. Retrieved from https://1.cdn.edl.iojVylW4onHsYnTxWwRjUY25oQ1ArgzPA1eDvk5ZajURnejEzL.pd f Gunter, B.T. (2012) Girl Levitating Stiffly Over a Dir Path Book Cover. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/images/8GYZkR



26