Bab 6 Elektrokimia Elektrolit Dan Bukan Elektrolit.docx

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ELEKTROKIMIA [Elektrolit dan Bukan Elektrolit] BAB 6 LATIHAN TAJUK TOPIK

1

Which of the following is an electrolyte? Antara berikut yang manakah elektrolit? A B

2

: : BAB 6 – ELEKTROKIMIA : ELEKTROLIT DAN BUKAN ELEKTROLIT (OBJEKTIF)

Copper Kuprum Molten Naphthalene Leburan Naftalena

C D

Dilute solution of glucose Larutan glukosa cair Dilute solution of nitric acid Larutan asid nitrik cair Aras rendah

Which of the following substances are not electrolytes? Antara sebatian yang berikut, yang manakah bukan elektrolit? I II III IV A B

Diethyl ether Dietil eter Hydrochloric acid Acid hidroklorik Acetamide Asetamida Molten zinc bromide Leburan zink bromide I and II I dan II I and III I dan III

C D

II and IV II dan IV III and IV III dan IV Aras rendah

3

Copper(II) chloride is an electrolyte. Which of the following is true about copper(II) chloride? Kuprum(II) klorida ialah suatu elektrolit. Antara yang berikut, yang manakah benar tentang kuprum(II) klorida? A B C D

It conducts electricity in the solid state only. Mengkonduksikan elektrik dalam keadaan pepejal sahaja It conducts electricity in the molten state only. Mengkonduksikan elektrik dalam keadaan leburan sahaja It conducts electricity in the solid and molten state only. Mengkonduksikan elektrik dalam keadaan pepejal dan leburan It conducts electricity in the molten state or in an aqueous solution Mengkonduksikan elektrik dalam keadaan leburan atau larutan akueus Aras rendah

1

ELEKTROKIMIA [Elektrolit dan Bukan Elektrolit] BAB 6 4

Why metals are not considered as electrolytes even though they conduct electricity? Mengapakah logam tidak dianggap sebagai elektrolit walaupun mengkonduksikan elektrik? A B C D

They have high melting point Mempunyai takat lebur yang tinggi They conduct electricity in solid state Mengkonduksikan elektrik dalam keadaan pepejal They are not decomposed by the flow of electric current. Tidak terurai oleh aliran elektrik They do not dissolve in water to form aqueous solution Tidak larut dalam air untuk membentuk larutan akueus Aras sederhana

5

In which apparatus set-up does the bulb light up? Dalam susunan radas manakah mentol itu akan menyala? A C

B

D

Aras sederhana

2

ELEKTROKIMIA [Elektrolit dan Bukan Elektrolit] BAB 6

6

Which of the following statements are true about an electrolyte? Antara pernyataan berikut, yang manakah benar mengenai elektrolit? I It only consists of ionic compounds Terdiri daripada sebatian ion sahaja II It contains free moving electrons Mengandungi elektron yang bebas bergerak III Mengalami perubahan kimia semasa electrolisis It undergoes chemical changes during electrolysis IV It dissociates into cations and anions in the molten state or aqueous solution Bercerai kepada kation dan anion dalam keadaan leburan atau larutan akueus A B

I and II I dan II II and III II dan III

C D

I and IV I dan IV III and IV III dan IV Aras sederhana

7

Which particles are produced when an electrolyte dissolves in water? Zarah manakah yang terhasil apabila elektrolit melarut dalam air? A Ions C Electrons Ion Elektron B Atoms D Molecules Atom Molekul Aras sederhana

3

ELEKTROKIMIA [Elektrolit dan Bukan Elektrolit] BAB 6

LATIHAN TAJUK TOPIK 1

(a)

: : BAB 6 – ELEKTROKIMIA : ELEKTROLIT DAN BUKAN ELEKTROLIT (STRUKTUR) What is the meaning of electrolytes? Apakah maksud elektrolit? ……………………………………………………………………………………………... …………………………………………………………………………………………….. Aras rendah [1 mark]

(b)

What is the meaning of non-electrolytes? Apakah maksud bukan elektrolit? ……………………………………………………………………………………………... …………………………………………………………………………………………….. Aras rendah [1 mark]

(c)

Diagram 2 shows the apparatus set-up to test the electrical conductivity of two substances. Rajah 2 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menguji kekonduksian elektrik bagi dua bahan.

Set A

(i)

Set B

Diagram 1.1 Rajah 1.1 Predict which light bulb will light up. Ramalkan mentol mana yang akan menyala. ……………………………………………………………………………………. Aras sederhana[1 mark]

4

ELEKTROKIMIA [Elektrolit dan Bukan Elektrolit] BAB 6

(ii)

Explain your answer in (a)(i). Terangkan jawapan anda di (a)(i). …………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………. Aras sederhana [2 marks]

(d)

Classify the following substances into electrolytes and non-electrolytes. Kelaskan bahan-bahan berikut kepada elektrolit dan bukan elektrolit. Table salt,nitric acid,molten naphthalene,sugar solution,copper(II) nitrate solution, molten lead, ammonia solution Garam biasa, asid nitrik, naftalena lebur, larutan gula, larutan kuprum(II) nitrat, plumbum lebur, larutan ammonia

Electrolytes

Non-electrolytes

Aras sederhana [3 marks] (e)

Explain why a sugar solution does not conduct electricity while a common salt solution conducts electricity. Terangkan mengapa larutan gula tidak mengkonduksikan elektrik manakala larutan garam biasa mengkonduksikan elektrik. ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………. Aras tinggi [2 marks]

5

ELEKTROKIMIA [Elektrolit dan Bukan Elektrolit] BAB 6

(f)

Diagram 1.2 shows the apparatus set-up to test the electrical conductivity of lead(II) bromide powder. Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menguji kekonduksian elektrik serbuk plumbum(II) powder.

(i)

Diagram 1.2 Rajah 1.2 The bulb did not light up after half an hour. Suggest an action which would make the bulb light up. Mentol tidak menyala selepas setengah jam. Cadangkan satu tindakan yang membolehkan mentol menyala. ………………………………………………………………………………………... Aras tinggi [1 mark]

(ii)

Redraw the diagram in diagram 1.2, showing how the problem could be rectified. Lukiskan semula Rajah 1.2 untuk menunjukkan masalah telah diatasi.

Aras tinggi [2 marks] 3

Diagram 3 shows the apparatus set-up to investigate an electrolysis process. Material X is replaced with materials in Table 3 as the electrolytes of the electrolysis process. Rajah 3 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menyiasat proses electrolyis. Bahan X digantikan dengan bahan dalam Jadual 3 sebagai elektrolit dalam proses elektrolisis.

Diagram 3

6

ELEKTROKIMIA [Elektrolit dan Bukan Elektrolit] BAB 6 Rajah 3 Does the ammeter needle deflects? Adakah jarum ammeter terpesong? No Tidak

Electrolytes Elektrolit Liquid benzene Cecair benzena Molten sulphur Leburan sulfur Sodium chloride solution Larutan natrium klorida Solid sodium chloride Pepejal natrium klorida Molten lead(II) bromide Leburan plumbum(II) bromida Dilute hydrochloric acid Asid hidroklorik cair

Yes Ya No Tidak

Yes Ya Table 3 Jadual 3

(a)

(b)

Complete Table 3. Lengkapkan Jadual 3. (i)

Aras rendah [2 mark]

State the meaning of electrolytes. Nyatakan maksud elektrolit. ………………………………………………………………………………………... Aras rendah [1 mark]

(ii)

Name all the electrolytes in Table 3. Namakan semua elektrolit dalam Jadual 3. ………………………………………………………………………………………... Aras rendah [1 mark]

(c)

What is the indication if the ammeter needle deflects? Apakah yang ditunjukkan jika jarum ammeter terpesong? ………………………………………………………………………………………………. Aras sederhana [1 mark]

(d)

Briefly explain why Jelaskan dengan ringkas mengapa (i)

Ammeter needle does not deflects when liquid benzene is applied? Jarum ammeter tidak terpesong apabila cecair benzene digunakan? ………………………………………………………………………………………... Aras sederhana [1 mark]

7

ELEKTROKIMIA [Elektrolit dan Bukan Elektrolit] BAB 6

(ii)

Ammeter needle deflects when dilute hydrochloric acid is applied? Jarum ammeter terpesong apabila asid hidroklorik cair digunakan? ………………………………………………………………………………………... Aras sederhana [1 mark]

(e)

Both solid sodium chloride and sodium chloride solution consist of sodium chloride. Sodium chloride solution deflects the ammeter needle but solid sodium chloride does not. Briefly explain the reason why. Kedua-dua pepejal natrium klorida dan larutan natrium klorida mengandungi natrium klorida. Larutan natrium klorida memesongkan jarum ammeter tetapi pepejal natrium klorida tidak. Jelaskan dengan ringkas sebab berlakunya perkara ini. ………………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………………… Aras tinggi [2 marks]

8

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