Avian Influenza_history_hindi

cMZ Qyw

Mk- ds-,y- nfg;k] i’kq ’kY; fpf 1 jktdh; i’kq gLirky] ’kgtkniqj ¼vEck

cMZ Qyw ,d ifjp;% &

eqxhZ;ksa dh ,d laØked fcekjh gSA tks T;knkrj eqxhZ;ksa esa ikbZ tkrh gSA ;g fcekjh ikyrw i’kqvksa o bUlkuksa dks Hkh izHkkfor djrh gSA tks fd ukd] xyk] QsQM+ksa dks izHkkfor djrk gSA QsQM+ksa] e/kqesg] dSalj] xqnzs o fny ds jksxh;ksa dks T;knk [krjk 2

cMZ Qyw

bfrgkl 412 ch-lh- esa fgiksØsVl us Qyw tSlh fcekjh ds ckjs esa loZ izFke mÙkjh ;wuku esa ftØ fd;k gSA 404 ch-lh- esa dqN bfrgkldkj Qyw dks ,Fksal ds [kkres dk Hkh dkj.k ekurs gSaA 1485 esa fczVsu esa Qyw tSlh fcekjh ds y{.k vk;s Fks] ftlesa ykk[kksa bUlku izHkkfor gq, FksA bl fcekjh esa yUnu ds es;j o mlds mÙkjkf/kdkjh lesr 8 yksxksa dh ekSr fyf[krgqbZ :i esaFkhA lcls igys 1580 esa egkekjh ds :i esa bUlkuksa esa Hka;dj rckgh QSykus dk mnkgj.k feyrk 3 gSA ftlesa 90 izfr’kr tula[;k izHkkfor gqbZ FkhA

bfrgkl 18oha‘’krkfC/k ds ’kq: esa MkDVj bls okrkoj.k esa cnyko dks dkj.k ekurs FksA 18oha‘’krkfC/k esa rhu ckj ¼1729&30] 1732&33] 1781&82½ ;g fcekjh vk;h 1729&30 Qyw ds fjdkWfMM vkadM+s feysA ftlesa dkQh vkcknh izHkkfor gqbZ Fkh ysfdu e`R;qnj cgqr de FkhA og Hkh T;knkrj cqtqxksZa o xHkZorh efgykvksa esaA 1732&33 esa blus vesjhdk esa nLrd nh 1781&82 esa bl fcekjh us Hkkjh tku&eky 4 dks [kkldj cqtqxksZa dks uqdlku igqapk;kA

bfrgkl

1830 ls 1848 dh egkekjh bl nkSjku 4 ckj bl fcekjh us vkard epk;k 1830&31% & phu ls 'kq: gqvk 1833% & :l ds if’pe esa QSyk 1836&37% & :l ds mÙkj o nf{k.k esa 1847&48% & nf{k.kh Ýkal esa QSyk fQj ;gka ls if’peh ;wjksi esa

bu pkjksa ckj bl fcekjh us gtkjksa bUlkuksa dks viuk xzkl cuk;k

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bfrgkl

1889 dk jlh;u Qyw dgk tkrk gS fd bl nkSjku ;g phu ls 'kq: gqvk tks fd :l ls gksdj lkjs ;wjksi egkf}i esa QSykA fnlEcj 1889 esa mÙkjh vesjhdk igqapk fQj ySfVu vesjhdk esa QSykA Qjojh 1890 esa ,f’k;k egkf}i esa rckgh epk;h

bl ckj bl egkekjh ls yxHkx 10 yk[k bUlku ekjs x,A 6

1918 Lisfu’k H1N1 7

bfrgkl

1918 dk Lisfu’k Qyw ;g ,d ,slh egkekjh ds :i esa Fkk ftls vkt ds cM+Z Qyw ds fy, iSekuk cuk;k x;k gSA lcls igys 1918 esa clUr _rq esa Lisu ds lku ÝkaflLdks 'kgj esa ik;k x;kA blesa ukStoku T;knk izHkkfor gq,A cPps o cqtqxZ de izHkkfor gq,A 8

1918 dk Lisfu’k Qyw blds 2 eghus ckn esMjhM dh ,d frgkbZ vkcknh izHkkfor

xehZ ds c<+rs gh ;g fcekjh 9

1918 dk Lisfu’k Qyw

ysfdu dqN eghus ckn fQj ls xEHkhj fLFkrh esa vesjhdk] vÝhdk] Ýkal esa vk 10

1918 dk Lisfu’k Qyw

flrEcj 1918 cksLVu vesjhdk esa gj jkst 100 ekSrsa 11

1918 dk Lisfu’k Qyw

10 vDrwcj 1918 fQykMsyfQ;k esa gj jkst 759 ekSrsa 12

1918 dk Lisfu’k Qyw

25 vDrwcj 1918 dk g¶rk fQykMsyfQ;k esa 2600 ekSrsa 13

1918 dk Lisfu’k Qyw

Tku&eky dk uqdlku Hkkjr esa 2 djksM+ bUlkuksa dh ekSr l;qaDr jk"Vª esa 50 yk[k bUlkuksa dh ekSr nqfu;k Hkj esa yxHkx 20 fQlnh vkcknh fcekj nqfu;k Hkj esa yxHkx 4 djksM+

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1918 dk Lisfu’k Qyw

izHkko lkoZtfud cSBdsa cUn ljdkjh dk;Zky; cUn dke djus okys ?kcjk, ;krk;kr BIi ,d gh dcz esa dkQh eqnkZsa dks nQuk;k de la[;k okyh tkfr;ka [kRe

cslgkjk tk,a rks

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1918 dk Lisfu’k Qyw

leL;k,a dksbZ T;knk lgk;rk ugha ejhtksa ds fy, pkjikbZ de eqnksZa dks nQu djus dk jkLrk ugha rUn:Lrksa dks cpkus dk dksbZ jkLrk ugha fdrus bl fcekjh o vU; ls ejs ok;jl ugh <wa
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1918 dk Lisfu’k Qyw

dqN loky dgka ls vk;k\ bruk Hk;kud D;ksa Fkk\ D;ksa ukStokuksa o rUn:Lrksa dks pisV esa fy;k\ dgka x;k\ D;k ;g okfil vk,xk\

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Recreating the virus

Flu victim frozen in Alaskan permafrost since 1918

Fragments of RNA are retrieved from samples of lung tisssue, converted into DNA

The virus is isolated from the cells injected to mice. They all die in 6 days.

The overlapping sequences are placed together to give the full genome sequence. A DNA version is synthesized in the laboratory

The DNA is injected into human kidney cells, which produce lens 19of virus particles

1957 ,f’k;u 20

1957 dk ,f’k;u Qyw

phu ls 'kq: Qjojh 1957 esa flaxkiqj esa ok;jl igpkuk cr[kksax;k ds cnys gq, o bUlkuksa ds ekStwnk LVªsu ls iSnk gqvkA ebZ 1957 esa oSfDlu cuuh 'kq: o vxLr esa feyuh 'kq:

xehZ;ksa esa l;qaDr jk"Vª igaqpk 20 yk[k yksxksa dh ekSr

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1957 dk ,f’k;u Qyw

dqN [kkl lcls T;knk Ldwyh cPps ¼6&12lky ds½] uo;qod] xHkZorh efgyk,a izHkkfor T;knkrj ekSrsa bUQyw,Utk o U;weksfu;k ls [kRe lk gqvk fnlEcj 1957 esa

ysfdu tuojh o Qjojh 1958 esa nksckjk ;g ,d xzqi dks tdM+rk] de mxz gksrk fQj nwljs xqzi dks tdM+rk 22

1957 dk ,f’k;u Qyw

fo’o LokLFk; laxBu ds vuqlkj ;g fcekjh turk ds bDdBk gksus ¼tSls fd feVhax o esyksa esa½ ds nkSjku T;knk ikbZ xbZ dqN ns’kksa esa igys dSEiksa] lsuk f’kfojksa o Ldwyh cPpksa esa ikbZ xbZ 23

1968 gkWUx dkWUx

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1968 dk gkWUx dkWUx Qyw

1968 ds 'kq: esa gkWUx vxyh nks ls lnhZ;ksa esa fo’o ds nwljs ns’kksa esa dkWUx 'kq: QSyk T;knkrj 65 lky ls T;knk dh mej ds cqtqxksZa dh ekSr

dqN eghus 'kkUr jgk

fQj 1969 ds vkf[kj o 1970 ds 'kq: esa 25

1968 dk gkWUx dkWUx Qyw

nqfu;kHkj esa 10 yk[k yksx ekjs x, l;qaDr jk"Vª esa 34000 yksx ekjs x,

1968 esa l;qaDr jk"Vª esa vkus ds ckn oSfDlu cuuh 'kq: 26

1968 dk gkWUx dkWUx Qyw

dqN [kkl ,f’k;u Qyw ok;jl dh rjg gksus ls jksx izfrjks/kd {kerk c<+us ls uqdlku de flrEcj o vDrwcj esa Ldwyksa dh NqV~Vh;ka gksus ls jksx izfrjks/kd {kerk T;knk de gksus ds ugha QSyk dkj.k mRiUu fcekjh;ksa dh 27

1976 lwdj Qyw 28

1976 & lwdj Qyw

27 tuojh 1976 dks QksVZ fMDl & U;w tlhZ 12 Qjojh 1976 & ,p1,u1 LVªsu feyk 24 ekpZ 1976 jk"Vªifr xsjkYM QksVZ oSKkfudksa ls feys o cM+s iSikus ij oSfDluslu dk QSlyk 1 vDrwcj & 16 fnlEcj 1976 rd 4 djksM+ yksxksa dks Vhdkdj.k 29

1976 & lwdj Qyw

oSfDlu ds nq"izHkko 2300 yksxksa dks vk?kkr igqapk 7000 yksxksa dks fny dk nkSjk iM+k 45 yksxksa dks fnekxh cq[kkj 9000 yksxksa dks U;weksfu;k

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1976 & lwdj Qyw

uoEcj 1976 esa feuslksVk esa ydok o U;weksfu;k ds ?kkrd gksus dh lwpuk Guillain-Barre Syndrome (Neurological disorder)

16 fnlEcj 1976 dks lwdj Qyw dh lLisalu dks bldk dkj.k crk;k x;k 31

1976 & lwdj Qyw

bl nkSjku 19 lSEiy fy, x,] ftuesa ls 11 esa Qyw

4 esa lwdj Qyw ,d dh ekSr gqbZ

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1997 dk Qyw gkWUx dkWUx esa ,p5,u1 ls iSnk gqvk igyk ekSdk tc ,fo;u buQyw,Utk if{k;ksa ls vkneh;ksa esa vk;k gkWUx dkWUx ls ,f’k;k o ;wjksi ds ns’kksa esa QSyk 120 vkneh pisV esa vk, o 60 ejsA 2003 esa nksckjk fQj blus nLrd nhA 33

1999 dk Qyw gkWUx dkWUx esa ,p9,u2 ls iSnk gqvk

1997 ds ,p5,u1 ls de ?kkrd 34

2003 ekpZ 2003 esa dkWuSDVhdV o uhnjyS.M esa

blds ckn fo’o ds vU; ns’kksa esa 35

uohure fLFkrh WHO }kjk pkj ns’kksa & dEcksMh;k] b.Mksusf’k;k] FkkbZySaM o fo;ruke esa

1

uoEcj 2005 dks 122 dsl blesa ,p5,u1 ik;k x;k fjiksVZ fd;s ftu esa ls 62 ekjs x,A

;g vHkh rd py 36

Hkkjr esa uohure fLFkrh dh leh{kk 2003 ls Qjojh 2006 rd i’kq jksx iz;ksx’kyk Hkksiky yxHkx 25000 lSEiy pSd fd;s ysfdu fdlh esa Hkh ,p5 ,u1 ugh ik;k x;k Hkkjr esa ,p5 ,u1 18 Qjojh 2006 i’kq jksx iz;ksx’kyk Hkksiky dhs fjiksVZ vuqlkj egkjk"Vª ds uokiqj ¼uUnwjckj½ esa ,p5 ,u1 ls gqvk 37

Hkkjr esa uohure fLFkrh dh leh{kk bl nkSjku 3 cPps o 1 efgyk esa Qyw tSlh fcekjh ds y{.k ik, tkus ds ckn gLirky esa Hkjrh djk;k x;k

blds ckn vkSj lSEiy VSLV fd, x, ysfdu fdlh Hkh bUlku esa ,p5 ,u1 ugha ik;k x;k 38

Hkkjr esa uohure fLFkrh dh leh{kk 6 vizSy 2006 dh [kcj ds vuqlkj tyxkao ftys ds 14 vU; xkaoksa QSyk

tyxkao ftys ds utnhd e/;izns’k ds cqgkZuiqj ftys esa Hkh blus nLrd nh 39

Hkkjr esa uohure fLFkrh dh leh{kk

bl nkSjku yxHkx 5 yk[k eqxhZ;ksa dks ekjk x;k

9 iksYVªh QkeksZa ds ekfydksa us vkRe 40

Hkkjr esa uohure fLFkrh dh leh{kk

25 tqykbZ 2007 dks euhiqj esa e;kaekj ds ckWMZj ds ikl fjiksVZ 15 tuojh 2008 dks gqvk

if’peh caxky esa

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Hkkjr esa uohure fLFkrh dh leh{kk 28 ebZ 2008 Scientists have found evidence that North American avian influenza viruses of the H7 subtype are becoming more like human flu viruses in their ability to attach to host cells, which suggests they may be improving their capacity to infect humans 42

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http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/country/en/index.html

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