Augment In

Brand Name: Augmentin Generic Name: Amoxycillin trihydrate Indication: Systemic infections, acute and chronic urinary tract infections caused by susceptible strains of gram- positive and gram-negative organisms Uncomplicated gonorrhea Endocarditis prophylaxis for dental, GI and GU procedures, Past exposure prophylaxis to penicillin- susceptible anthrax Drug Classification: Antibiotic (Penicillin) Mechanism of Action: amino penicillin thatinhibits cell- wall synthesis during bacterial multiplication. Bacteria resist amoxicillin by producing penicillinases (enzymes that hydrolyze amoxicillin) Dosage: Systemic infections, acute and chronic urinary tract infections caused by susceptible strains of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms: Adults and children weighing 20 kg (44 lb) or more: 250 to 500 mg P.O. q 8 hours. Children weighing less than 20 kg: 20 mg/kg P.O. daily in divided doses q 8 hours; in severe infection, 40 mg/kg P.O daily in divided doses q 8 hours or 500 mg to 1 g/m2 P.O. in divided doses q 8 hours. Uncomplicated gonorrhea: Adults and children weighing more than 45 kg (99 lb): 3 g P.O. with 1 g probenecid given as a single dose. Children age 2 and older weighing less than

45 kg: 50 mg/kg to a maximum of 1 g of probenecid as a single dose. Don’t give probenecid to children younger than age 2.Endocarditis prophylaxis for dental, GI and GU procedures: Adults: 2 g P.O. 1 hour before procedure Post exposure prophylaxis to penicillin- susceptible anthrax: Adults and Children older than age 9: 500 mg P.O t.i.d. for 60 days. Children younger than age 9: 80 mg/kg daily P.O., divided t.i.d for 60 days Special Precaution: Renal impairment, Severe hepatic dysfunction. Pregnancy Risk Category: B Adverse Reaction: CNS: lethargy, hallucinations, seizures, anxiety, confusion agitation, depression, dizziness, fatigue.GI: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea , glossitis, stomatitis, gastritis, enterocolitis, abdominal pain, pseudomembranous colitis, black hairy tongue GU: interstitial nephritis, nephropathy, vaginitis Hematologic: anemia, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura, eosinophilia, leukopenia, hemolytic anemia, agranulocytosis. Other: hypersensitivity reactions, anaphylaxis, overgrowth of non susceptible organisms. Contraindications: Contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to drug or other penicillins.

(continuation Augmentin) Form: Capsules: 250 mg, 500 mg Oral suspension: 50 mg/ml (pediatric drops), 125 mg/5ml, 200 mg/5 ml, 250 mg/5 ml, 400 mg/5ml (after reconstitution) Tablets (film-coated): 500 mg, 875 mg Tablets (chewable): 200 mg, 400 mg Nursing Responsibility:  Use cautiously in patients with other drug allergies ( especially to cephalosporins) because of possible cross- sensitivity and in those with mononucleosis because of high risk of maculopapular rash)  Obtain specimen for culture and sensitivity tests before giving first dose. Therapy may begin pending results.  Before giving, ask patient about allergic reactions to penicillin. A negative history of penicillin allergy is no guarantee against allergic reaction.  If large doses are given or if therapy is prolonged, bacterial or fungal super infection may occur, especially in elderly, debilitated, or immuno suppressed patients.

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Drug alters results of urine glucose tests that use cupric sulfate, such as Benedict’s reagent or Clinitest. Make Urine glucose determinations with glucose oxidase method such as Diastix or Chemstrip uG. Ampicillin may falsely decrease aminoglycoside levels. Store Trimox oral suspension in refrigerator, if possible. It also may be stored at room temperature for up to 2 weeks. Be sure to check individual product labels for storage information. Amoxicillin usually causes fewer cases of diarrhea than does ampicillin.