DEPT. of ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND INSTALLATION TECHNOLOGY AT - A UT OMA TION T ECHNOL OGY
SENSORS TECHNOLOGY Limit Switches
1.
FUNCTION
Limit switches are used to detect:
absence or presence of objects
passing
positioning
end of travel (limit)
2.
COMPOSITION & IEC SYMBOL
A limit switch consist of:
S1
S1
Body
Contact block
Head
Operator; which act as the detecting component.
S1
Handout
S1
AT2-222 – Sensors & Fiber Optic Technology Chap. 2 – Sensors : Limit Switch
AT2-222-H-02
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DEPT. of ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND INSTALLATION TECHNOLOGY AT - A UT OMA TION T ECHNOL OGY Composition of Limit Switch
S1
S1
Handout
AT2-222 – Sensors & Fiber Optic Technology Chap. 2 – Sensors : Limit Switch
AT2-222-H-02
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DEPT. of ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND INSTALLATION TECHNOLOGY AT - A UT OMA TION T ECHNOL OGY 3.
OPERATING PRINCIPLES
For detection, the object needs to actuate the operator which in turns change the contact from NO to closed, or from NC to opened.
The operation of a limit switch must comply with standard IEC 947-5-1 Section 3: All the normally closed contact elements of the switch can be changed, with certainty, to the open position (no flexible link between the moving contacts and the operator of the switch, to which an actuating force is applied) ⇒ Positive Opening.
240 Vac
240 Vac
Handout
AT2-222 – Sensors & Fiber Optic Technology Chap. 2 – Sensors : Limit Switch
AT2-222-H-02
Page 3
DEPT. of ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND INSTALLATION TECHNOLOGY AT - A UT OMA TION T ECHNOL OGY
3.1.
Snap action
The displacement speed of the moving contacts is independent to the speed of the operator. Suitable for low speed actuators.
Unactuated
Positive opening
Approach travel
Contact change of state
Handout
AT2-222 – Sensors & Fiber Optic Technology Chap. 2 – Sensors : Limit Switch
AT2-222-H-02
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DEPT. of ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND INSTALLATION TECHNOLOGY AT - A UT OMA TION T ECHNOL OGY
3.2.
Slow break
The displacement speed of the moving contacts is equal, or proportional, to the speed of the operator.
Contact change of state
Unactuated
4.
RELATION BETWEEN OPERATOR AND DETECTION MOVEMENT
Plunger
Handout
AT2-222 – Sensors & Fiber Optic Technology Chap. 2 – Sensors : Limit Switch
AT2-222-H-02
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DEPT. of ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND INSTALLATION TECHNOLOGY AT - A UT OMA TION T ECHNOL OGY
Rotary
Multi-directional
Handout
AT2-222 – Sensors & Fiber Optic Technology Chap. 2 – Sensors : Limit Switch
AT2-222-H-02
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DEPT. of ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND INSTALLATION TECHNOLOGY AT - A UT OMA TION T ECHNOL OGY 5.
WIRING/SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
Limit switch is a two-wire sensor.
A limit switch connected to the input #9 (I0,9) of TSX 17/20.
24V DC Inputs
0.25A
0V 24V
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
21
S1
Handout
AT2-222 – Sensors & Fiber Optic Technology Chap. 2 – Sensors : Limit Switch
AT2-222-H-02
Page 7
DEPT. of ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND INSTALLATION TECHNOLOGY AT - A UT OMA TION T ECHNOL OGY
A limit switch connected to a contactor.
48V ac
1
2
S1
95
F1 96
3
S2
KM1 4 1
S3 2
1
S4 2 A1
KM1 A2
0V ac
Handout
AT2-222 – Sensors & Fiber Optic Technology Chap. 2 – Sensors : Limit Switch
AT2-222-H-02
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