Antenatal Care: Promotion Of Self-care During Pregnancy & Maternal Nutrition

Fakulti Kejururawatan

ANTENATAL CARE : PROMOTION OF SELF-CARE DURING PREGNANCY & MATERNAL NUTRITION

by Nor Marini Ibrahim

After the lecture, students should be able to: • • • • •

Explain the aims of prenatal care Perform physical examination Perform abdominal palpation Give health education to pregnant woman Tell the type of immunization to pregnant woman

AIMS OF ANTENATAL CARE: support & encourage a family’s healthy psychological adjustment to childbearing 3. Monitor the progress of pregnancy in order to ensure maternal health & normal fetal development 4. Recognise deviation from the normal & provide management or treatment as required 5. Ensure that women reaches the end of their pregnancy physicaly & emotionally prepared for her delivery

1. Help & support the mother in her choice of infant feeding to promote b/feeding & give advice about preparation for lactation when appropriate. 2. Build up a trusting relationship between the family & their caregivers which will encourage them to participate in and make informed choices about the care they receive.

Carta Alir Proses Lawatan Ibu Mengandung Ke Klinik Kesihatan Ibu Dan Anak REGISTRATION/SEMAK SEMULA KAD TEMUJANJI

URINE TEST, WEIGHT, HEIGHT MEASUREMENT & BLOOD PRESURE

Preliminery process by nurse

PHYSICAL & ABDOMENT EXAMINATION, ATT Inj.

HEALTH EDUCATION

BLOOD TEST (GRP, Rh., HB & VDRL)

REFER DOCTOR

ADDMISION/APPOINTMENTI/TREATMEN

1. REGISTRATION/BOOKING A VISIT

- Should be done as soon as the mother knows that she is pregnant - Approprite advice should be given early regarding care for both mother & fetus because the fetal organs are almost completely formed by 12 weeks of pregnancy. Maternal nutrition, infection, smoking or drug taking

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INTERVIEWING THE ANTENATAL MOTHER Social history - name, race, ic no., educational status, occupation, name of husband, husband’s ic no., address & contacting telephone number, date of marriage Family history - any family members suffering from diabetes, asthma, tuberculosis, hypertension, heart case Medical & surgical history - risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), or other sexually transmitted infection - Any previous operation esp. involved the reproductive organ (LSCS)

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Obstetric history Number of pregnancy (Gravida) Number of living children (para) Weeks of pregnancy Type & place of delivery Other complications (postpartum hemorrhage), cervical tear, instrumental delivery etc. Menstrual history (regular or not, LMP) Detail of past & present pregnancy, including Miscarriages or abortion Outcome of each pregnancy (team,preterm,stillbirth or baby alive & well) Problems in previous pregnancy (PPH, placenta previa, twin etc) Other complication-pre-eclampsia, gdm

1. Physical examination Height • if 145 cm & below is associated with small pelvis & may cause cephalo pelvis dispropotion (CPD) Weight • as a baseline weight