Anchor Terminology

ANCHOR TERMINOLOGY: 1)

ANCHOR AWEIGH: THE ANCHOR IS SAID TO BE AWEIGH THE MOMENT IT IS BROKEN OUT OF THE GROUND AND CLEAR OF THE SEA BED. 2) ANCHOR A-COCKBILL: WHEN THE ANCHOR IS HANGING VERTICALLY FROM THE HAWSEPIPE, WITH THE FLUKES TURNED INTO THE SHIPS SIDE. IN THIS POSITION IT WILL NOT STOW CORRECTLY IN THE HAWSE PIPE. 3) ANCHOR BUOY: A BUOY USED TO INDICATE THE POSITION OF THE SHIPS ANCHOR WHEN ON THE BOTTOM. 4) ANCHOR COMING HOME: WHEN THE ANCHOR IS BEING DRAWN TOWARDS THE SHIP IN THE OPERATION OF HEAVING AWAY, BY MEANS OF THE WINDLASS OR THE CABLE HOLDER/CAPSTAN, THE ANCHOR IS SAID TO BE COMING HOME. INSTEAD OF THE SHIP BEING DRAWN TOWARDS THE ANCHOR, THE REVERSE IS HAPPENING. 5) ANCHOR DRAGGING: THE ANCHOR IS SAID TO BE DRAGGING WHEN IT IS NOT HELD IN THE SEA BED. IT IS SAID TO BITE WELL WHEN IT HAS A GOOD HOLD IN THE GROUND. THE VESSEL IS DRAGGING ANCHOR IF SHE MNOVES HER POSITION WHILE DRAGGING THE ANCHOR OVER THE SEA BED. 6) ANCHOR WARP: THE NAME IS GIVEN TO A HAWSER OR ROPE WHEN IT IS ATTACHED TO THE ANCHOR AND USED AS A TEMPORARY CABLE. 7) BROUGHT UP: A VESSEL IS SAID TO BE BROUGHT UP WHEN HER WAY HAS STOPPED AND SHE IS RIDING TO HER ANCHOR, WITH HER ANCHOR HOLDING.THE TERM ‘COME TO’ AND ‘GOT HER CABLE’ ARE SOMETIMES SAID TO BE THE SAME THING. THE OFFICER IN CHARGE OF THE ANCHOR PARTY WILL KNOW WHEN THE VESSEL IS BROUGHT UP, BY THE CABLE RISING UP FROM THE SURFACE TOWARDS THE HAWSE PIPE WHEN THE BRAKE IS HOLDING IT. THE VESSEL SHOULD THEN MOVE TOWARDS THE ANCHOR, CAUSING THE CABLE TO DROP BACK AND MAKE A CATENARY. 8) CABLE CLENCH: A STRONG STEEL FORGED FITTING IN THE CABLE LOCKER FOR SECURING THE BITTER END OF THE CABLE. 9) CABLE JACK: A DEVICE FOR LIFTING THE CABLE CLEAR OF THE DECK. 10) CABLES LENGTH: A LENGTH OF 600 FT OR 100 FATHOMS(183 MTS). 11) CAT THE ANCHOR: THE ANCHOR IS SAID TO BE CATTED WHEN HUNG OFF, FROM WHAT USED TO BE CALED THE CLUMP CATHEAD. MORE MODERN VESSELS WILL BE FITTED WITH A PIPE LEAD SET BACK FROM THE LINE OF THE HAWS-PIPE AND USED FOR THE PURPOSE OF HANGING-OFF ANCHORS. FOUND IN PRACTICE WHEN

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MOORING TO BUOYS BY MEANS OF MOORING SHACKLES WITH THE CABLE. CHAIN HOOK: A LONG IRON HOOK USED FOR MANHANDLING OF CABLE LINKS. DROP AN ANCHOR UNDERFOOT: LETTING AN ANCHOR GO TO THE BOTTOM, THEN HOLDINGON TO THE BRAKE. THIS IS SOMETIMES DON’T TO STEADY THE SHIPS HEAD AND PREVENT HER FROM YAWING ABOUT WHEN LYING TO A SINGLE ANCHOR. CARE MUST BE TAKEN IN THIS OPERATION THAT THE SECOND ANCHOR IS LET GO WHEN THE RIDING CABLE IS GROWING RIGHT AHEAD AND NOT WHEN IT LEADS OFF THE BOW. FOUL ANCHOR: THE TERM USED TO DESCRIBE THE ANCHOR WHEN IT HAS BECOME CAUGHT ON AN UNDERWATER OBSTRUCTION. THE FLUKES OF THE ANCHOR OFTEN GET FOULED BY AN OLD HAWSER OR CABLE, OBSTRUCTING ITS NORMAL USE. FOUL HAWSE: THIS TERM IS USED TO DESCRIBE THE CROSSING OF THE ANCHOR CABLES, WHEN BOTH CABLES ARE BEIBNG USED AT THE SAME TIME, AS WITH A RUNNING STANDING OR OPEN MOOR, OWING TO THE UNCONTROLLED SWINGING OF THE VESSEL WHEN ANCHORED WITH BOTH ANCHORS (MOORED). CROSS: OCCURS WHEN THE CABLES ARE FOULED AS IN FOUL “HAWSE”, WHEN THE SHIP HAS SWUNG THROUGH 180 o’S A CROSS BEING FORMED WITH THE TWO CABLES. ELBOW: OCCURS WHEN THE CABLES ARE FOULED AS IN “FOUL HAWSE”,WHEN THE SHIP HAS SWUNG 360 o’S, AN ELBOW IS FORMED IN THE ANCHOR CABLES. ROUND TURNS: OCCURS WHEN THE CABLES ARE FOULED AS IN ‘FOUL HAWSE’,WHEN THE SHIP HAS SWUNG THROUGH 720 o’S OR TWICE ROUND. GROW: THE CABLE IS SAID TO GROW WHEN THE EXPOSED PART OF THE CHAIN ABOVE THE SURFACE, IS SEEN TO EXPAND TOWARDS THE ANCHOR. GYPSY: THE VERTICAL WHEEL ON THE WINDLASS WHICH THE CABLE PASSES OVER. THE CABLE IS HELD IN THE SEGMENTS OF THE WHEEL KNOWN AS THE ‘SNUG’. THE GYPSY IS HELD BY THE CLUCHPLATE WHEN IN GEAR OR BY THE BRAKE WHEN ABOUT TO BE LET GO. HAWSE PIPES: WHEN TWO PIPES ON EITHER BOW WHICH ACCOMODATES THE BOW ANCHORS. SOME VESSELS WILL BE EQUIPPED WITH A STERN ANCHOR. THE TERM HAWSE PIPE IS IN GENERAL USE FOR THE STOWAGE SPACE FOR THE ANCHORS OF A VESSEL. HOVE IN SIGHT: WHEN A ANCHOR IS HOVE HOME, IT IS ‘SIGHTED AND CLEAR’ AT THE POINT WHEN THE ANCHOR CROWN SHACKLE BREAKS THE SURFACE OF THE WATER. A PRUDENT OFFICER WOULD

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NOT CONCIDER THAT THE ANCHOR IS CLEAR UNTIL HE SEES THAT THE FLUKES ARE CLEAR. ON THE SAME BASIS AN OFFICER IN CHARGE OF AN ANCHOR PARTY TENDS NOT TO RING ANCHOR AWEIGH UNTIL HE SEES THE ANCHOR IS HOVE IN SIGHT AND CLEAR. JOGGLE SHACKLE: MAY BE DESCRIBED AS A LONG BENT SHACKLE, USED FOR HAULING CABLE ROUND THE BOW. SOMETIMES ENCOUNTERED WHEN CLEARING A FOUL HAWSE OR OTHER SIMILAR OPERATION IN MOVING OF THE CABLE. KEDGING: MOVING A VESSEL BY MEANS OF SMALL ANCHORS AND ANCHOR WARPS. LONG STAY: THE TERM APPLICABLE WHEN THE CABLE IS LEADING DOWN TO THE WATER CLOSE TO THE HORIZONTAL, WITH THE WEIGHT ON IT. A GOOD LENGTH OF THE CABLE IS EXPOSED. MORED: A VESSEL IS SAID TO BE MOORED WHEN SHE HAS TWO ANCHORS DOWN TO THE SEA BED. REAM A SHACKLE: TO CLEAN AWAY ANY RESIDUAL LEAD LEFT INSIDE THE LUG OF A SHACKLE AFTER THE LEAD PELLET AND THE SPILE PIN ISHAVE BEEN REMOVED, BY THE USE OF A REAMING TOOL. RENDER CABLE: TO APPLY THE BRAKE LIGHTLY SO THAT WHEN WEIGHT COMES ON THE CABLE IT WILL RUN OUT SLOWLY. SHACKLE OF CABLE: THE LENGTH OF A SHACKLE OF CABLE IS 15 FATHOMS( 90 FEET OR 27.5 MTS). IT IS DEFINED BY A LENGTH OF CABLE BETWEEN THE JOINING SHACKLES. SHEER: WHEN APPLIED TO A VESSEL AT ANCHOR, SHEER IS AN ANGULAR MOVEMENT OF THE VESSEL ABOUT THE HAWSE PIPE POINT, IT CAN BE DELIBERATELY CAUSED BY APPLYING HELM TO PORT OR STARBOARD. SHEER ANCHOR: AN ADDITIONAL ANCHOR USED ON LARGER VESSELS, A PRACTICE LARGELY DIS-CONTINUED ( THIS IS NOT TO BE CONFUSED WITH THE SPARE ANCHOR CARRIED BY THE MAJORITY OF THE VESSELS). SHORTEN CABLE: TO HEAVE IN, A PORTION OF THE CABLE SO AS TO REDUCE THE SCOPE. SHORT STAY: THE CABLE IS SAID TO BE SHORT STAY WHEN THE ANCHOR IS HOVE IN CLOSE TO THE SHIPS SIDE AND NOT OVER EXTENDED. THE CABLE IS NOT UP AND DOWN IN THAT POSITION. SNUB: TO SNUB THE CABLE IS TO STOP THE CABLE RUNNING OUT BY APPLYING THE BRAKE. A VESSEL IS SAID TO SNUB ROUND ON HER ANCHOR WHEN SHE CHECKS THE PAYING OUT OF THE CABLE BY APPLYING THE BRAKE ON THE WINDLASS, SO CAUSING THE CABLE TO ACT AS A SPRING, TURNING THE BOW SMARTLY IN THE DIRECTION OF THE CABLE.

35) SPURLING PIPES: TERMED NAVAL PIPESIN THE ROYAL NAVY, THE 36)

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CABLE PASSES FROM THESE PIPES THROUGH THE WINDLASS OR CABLE HOLDER TO THE CABLE LOCKER. SURGE: TO ALLOW THE CABLE OR HAWSER TO RUN OUT UNDER ITS OWN WEIGHT. THE TERM IS OFTEN USED WHEN HANDLING MOORING ROPES ON DRUM ENDS. ( YOU SHOULD NOT SURGE ON MAN-FIBRE ROPE, BECAUSE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF HEAT / FRICTION CAUSING THE YARNS / STRANDS TO FUSE .) TIDE RODE: A VESSEL IS SAID TO BE TIDE RODE WHEN SHE IS RIDING AT ANCHOR HEAD TO TIDE. UP & DOWN: THE CABLE IS SAID TO BE UP & DOWN WHEN THE ANGLE THE CABLE MAKES WITH THE WATER SURFACE IS 90o, USUALLY JUST BEFORE ANCHOR AWEIGH. VEER CABLE: TO PAY OUT CABLE UNDER POWER, BY WALKING BACK THE GYPSY OF THE WINDLASS. WALK BACK THE ANCHOR: TO LOWER THE ANCHOR UNDER POWER. WIND RODE: A VESSEL IS SAID TO BE WIND RODE WHEN SHE IS RIDING AT ANCHOR HEAD TO WIND. YAW: A VESSEL IS SAID TO YAW WHEN AT ANCHOR WHEN SHE MOVES TO PORT & STARBOARD OF THE ANCHOR POSITION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF WIND & / OR TIDE. YAWING SHOULD NOT BE CONFUSED WITH SHEERING.