Analytical Engine
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How D oes a Comput er Wor k? By Charlotte Diffey
or o C f e r d he Clicktents How Con
ers t u p om
of
ork W t n se e r p The
Contents Computers of the past v The Design of The First Computer! v More about : The Design of The First Computer! v Who built the first computer?
Com
rs e t u p
o
pa e h t f
st
Contents How do Computers of The present Work
Co mponents of a co mp uter Key Bo ard How d oes a m ouse work ?
The Design of The First Computer! Date thought up: In the year 1837 Designed by: Charles Babbage Name : The Analytical Engine
More about: The Design of The First Computer! Charles Babbage was the first to think about
something that would function like a computer and ended up designing a programmable mechanical computer that he called "The Analytical Engine" but because of limited finance, and the inability to stop himself from trying to upgrade it, Babbage never actually built his Analytical Engine.
Who invented the first computer? The real answer is that many inventors contributed to the history of computers and that a computer is a complex piece of machinery made up of many parts, each of which can be considered a separate invention.
Com ponents of a c omp uter Click here to start
Case
All the pa rts of a compu ter (e xce pt monit or, ke yboa rd ,
mo use, an d prin te r) are stored in the c as e, unle ss you ha ve a lapt op co mpute r. T his is like the body - it co ntain s, h olds, an d pr otects the vita l co mponents .
Inside the case!
Motherboard • The m ain printed c ircu it bo ard in th e co mpu te r, w hic h th e CP U (se e ne xt slid e) plug s i nt o; a s d o a ll o f the " card s" - so und car d bei ng th e m ost co mmon, sca nne r ca rd s, etc ., th e bus , m emory so ck ets , k eybo ard co nt roller and su pp orting ch ips . T his i s t he ce nt ral n ervous sy ste m o f y our co mpute r. Witho ut it n oth in g ru ns.
CPU (Cen tral Pr ocess ing Unit ) • Thi s is the actua l "br ains" of the
comput er. It does the ca lcu lati ons , the proces si ng of da ta, the readi ng (and inter pr eti ng ) of the comp uter code and conv er ts it to wha tever out put we or the prog ram tel ls it. It tur ns the mes sa ge of ones and zer os (binary machi ne lang ua ge) and hexa deci ma l code int o real Eng lish (or your prefer red la ng ua ge). It also cont rol s the other comp one nt s in the comput er.
RA M (Ran dom Acc es s Me mory ) Lik e pie ce s of scr ap pa pe r th at inf orm atio n
is te mporarily st ore d o n O NLY WHI LE y ou are actu ally w ork in g o n th e co mpute r.
More Ab out.. . RAM ( Rando m A cce ss Memo ry) Program s re qu ire RAM to ope rate , this is w here d ata is
store d while in u se... w hil e be in g m an ipu la ted - ed ite d, ad ded t o, o r subtr act ed fr om. T his is the only u sable MEM OR Y. W hen y ou l ose power, all of the scr ap pa pe r is th rown a way.
Dis k C ontr olle r This allows your co mpute r to in te ract wi th your dis k
driv e storage d evice s... w hether the y a re ha rd dis k driv es, f lopp y d is k dri ves, CD- ROMS, or Tape dri ves a co ntr olle r is re qu ire d. Nowad ays , the co ntroll er an d I /O port s ( serial or C OM ports , and pri nter port) are usu all y bu ilt in to the mothe rbo ard .
More About The Disk Controller Like f lood ga tes o n a dam in a riv er, the bu s spe ed o f
the d is k co ntr olle r de te rm ines how much stu ff ca n ge t through . I f y ou ha ve a slow co ntr olle r, then f ast d rive s won 't m atte r... it would be like h av ing a Pors che that can 't dri ve in anythin g bu t 1 st g ear.
Hard Dis k Drive A STORAGE device , NOT M EMO RY! This is like a f ilin g
cabin et. Re trie val is faste r, an d f in din g thin gs is usu all y e asie r, bu t it is st ill ju st a filin g ca bi net. Dr iv es giv e you a pla ce t o st ore y our d ata, in st all progr am s tha t are large r than wha t would fit o n a fl opp y disk, an d d rast ica lly spee d up the ti me spe nt acce ss in g pr ogr ams. With the huge dri ves a vaila ble today, you can think o f the ha rd disk d riv e a s a r oom fu ll of f il in g cabin ets, w hich st ore pa pe rs , file s and da ta.
How Do es
The Keyboard
a key b
oard wo
rk?
In computing, a ke ybo ard is an input device, partially modelled
on the typewriter keyboard, which uses an arrangement of buttons or keys, which act as electronic switches. A keyboard typically has characters engraved or printed on the keys and each press of a key typically corresponds to a single written symbol. However, to produce some symbols requires pressing and holding several keys simultaneously or in sequence. While most keyboard keys produce letters, numbers or signs (characters), other keys or simultaneous key presses can produce actions or computer commands.
How Does a key board work? Each computer key has a switch under it, so
when you press the key it completes a particular circuit. This talks to the microcontroller which tells the screen you have pressed a certain key.
s an e o D How
ork? W e s u l Mo optica
How Does a mechanical Mouse Work? Mecha nica l M ou se
A mechanical mouse is a very simple device. There are two wheels which are in contact with the ball underneath. They are set up at a 90º angle from each other so that one detects forward / backward movement and the other detects left / right movement.
rk? o W e s l Mou a c i n a h c s a me
e How Do
How Does an optical Mouse Work? Able to work on almost any surface without a mouse pad, most optical mice use a small, red light-emitting diode (LED) that bounces light off that surface onto a complimentary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensor. In addition to LEDs, a recent innovation is the laser-based optical mouse, this detects more surface details compared to LED technology. This results in the ability to use a laser-based optical mouse on even more surfaces than an LED mouse.
My Compute r Designed by Charlotte Diffey
Computer of the present
A Future Computer
My Design
All This a nd M ore Inte rnet a cce ss
Sky TV
Pocket sized Calinder
Camera
alarm clock Diary
radio
Live sports and TV
weather and news flashes
plays music, videos and
games
The E nd By C ha rl otte Di ff ey
or o C f e r d he Clicktents How Con
ers t u p om
of
ork W t n se e r p The
Contents Computers of the past v The Design of The First Computer! v More about : The Design of The First Computer! v Who built the first computer?
Com
rs e t u p
o
pa e h t f
st
Contents How do Computers of The present Work
Co mponents of a co mp uter Key Bo ard How d oes a m ouse work ?
The Design of The First Computer! Date thought up: In the year 1837 Designed by: Charles Babbage Name : The Analytical Engine
More about: The Design of The First Computer! Charles Babbage was the first to think about
something that would function like a computer and ended up designing a programmable mechanical computer that he called "The Analytical Engine" but because of limited finance, and the inability to stop himself from trying to upgrade it, Babbage never actually built his Analytical Engine.
Who invented the first computer? The real answer is that many inventors contributed to the history of computers and that a computer is a complex piece of machinery made up of many parts, each of which can be considered a separate invention.
Com ponents of a c omp uter Click here to start
Case
All the pa rts of a compu ter (e xce pt monit or, ke yboa rd ,
mo use, an d prin te r) are stored in the c as e, unle ss you ha ve a lapt op co mpute r. T his is like the body - it co ntain s, h olds, an d pr otects the vita l co mponents .
Inside the case!
Motherboard • The m ain printed c ircu it bo ard in th e co mpu te r, w hic h th e CP U (se e ne xt slid e) plug s i nt o; a s d o a ll o f the " card s" - so und car d bei ng th e m ost co mmon, sca nne r ca rd s, etc ., th e bus , m emory so ck ets , k eybo ard co nt roller and su pp orting ch ips . T his i s t he ce nt ral n ervous sy ste m o f y our co mpute r. Witho ut it n oth in g ru ns.
CPU (Cen tral Pr ocess ing Unit ) • Thi s is the actua l "br ains" of the
comput er. It does the ca lcu lati ons , the proces si ng of da ta, the readi ng (and inter pr eti ng ) of the comp uter code and conv er ts it to wha tever out put we or the prog ram tel ls it. It tur ns the mes sa ge of ones and zer os (binary machi ne lang ua ge) and hexa deci ma l code int o real Eng lish (or your prefer red la ng ua ge). It also cont rol s the other comp one nt s in the comput er.
RA M (Ran dom Acc es s Me mory ) Lik e pie ce s of scr ap pa pe r th at inf orm atio n
is te mporarily st ore d o n O NLY WHI LE y ou are actu ally w ork in g o n th e co mpute r.
More Ab out.. . RAM ( Rando m A cce ss Memo ry) Program s re qu ire RAM to ope rate , this is w here d ata is
store d while in u se... w hil e be in g m an ipu la ted - ed ite d, ad ded t o, o r subtr act ed fr om. T his is the only u sable MEM OR Y. W hen y ou l ose power, all of the scr ap pa pe r is th rown a way.
Dis k C ontr olle r This allows your co mpute r to in te ract wi th your dis k
driv e storage d evice s... w hether the y a re ha rd dis k driv es, f lopp y d is k dri ves, CD- ROMS, or Tape dri ves a co ntr olle r is re qu ire d. Nowad ays , the co ntroll er an d I /O port s ( serial or C OM ports , and pri nter port) are usu all y bu ilt in to the mothe rbo ard .
More About The Disk Controller Like f lood ga tes o n a dam in a riv er, the bu s spe ed o f
the d is k co ntr olle r de te rm ines how much stu ff ca n ge t through . I f y ou ha ve a slow co ntr olle r, then f ast d rive s won 't m atte r... it would be like h av ing a Pors che that can 't dri ve in anythin g bu t 1 st g ear.
Hard Dis k Drive A STORAGE device , NOT M EMO RY! This is like a f ilin g
cabin et. Re trie val is faste r, an d f in din g thin gs is usu all y e asie r, bu t it is st ill ju st a filin g ca bi net. Dr iv es giv e you a pla ce t o st ore y our d ata, in st all progr am s tha t are large r than wha t would fit o n a fl opp y disk, an d d rast ica lly spee d up the ti me spe nt acce ss in g pr ogr ams. With the huge dri ves a vaila ble today, you can think o f the ha rd disk d riv e a s a r oom fu ll of f il in g cabin ets, w hich st ore pa pe rs , file s and da ta.
How Do es
The Keyboard
a key b
oard wo
rk?
In computing, a ke ybo ard is an input device, partially modelled
on the typewriter keyboard, which uses an arrangement of buttons or keys, which act as electronic switches. A keyboard typically has characters engraved or printed on the keys and each press of a key typically corresponds to a single written symbol. However, to produce some symbols requires pressing and holding several keys simultaneously or in sequence. While most keyboard keys produce letters, numbers or signs (characters), other keys or simultaneous key presses can produce actions or computer commands.
How Does a key board work? Each computer key has a switch under it, so
when you press the key it completes a particular circuit. This talks to the microcontroller which tells the screen you have pressed a certain key.
s an e o D How
ork? W e s u l Mo optica
How Does a mechanical Mouse Work? Mecha nica l M ou se
A mechanical mouse is a very simple device. There are two wheels which are in contact with the ball underneath. They are set up at a 90º angle from each other so that one detects forward / backward movement and the other detects left / right movement.
rk? o W e s l Mou a c i n a h c s a me
e How Do
How Does an optical Mouse Work? Able to work on almost any surface without a mouse pad, most optical mice use a small, red light-emitting diode (LED) that bounces light off that surface onto a complimentary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensor. In addition to LEDs, a recent innovation is the laser-based optical mouse, this detects more surface details compared to LED technology. This results in the ability to use a laser-based optical mouse on even more surfaces than an LED mouse.
My Compute r Designed by Charlotte Diffey
Computer of the present
A Future Computer
My Design
All This a nd M ore Inte rnet a cce ss
Sky TV
Pocket sized Calinder
Camera
alarm clock Diary
radio
Live sports and TV
weather and news flashes
plays music, videos and
games
The E nd By C ha rl otte Di ff ey
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