America Chapter 1 •
The first civilization was perhaps 18,000 to 40,000 years ago from Asia and maybe some crossed over the Atlantic from Europe. After that, 12,000 to 15,000 years ago, there was the Siberians that crossed over the bearing strait from Asia. There were many native Indian tribes in this area. There were also Mayas, Aztecs, Chibchas, Inchas, Toltecs, and Anasazis that all migrated down from the bearing strait and kept migrating down to South America. The goals of the European voyages of discovery were to find the route to Asia because there were spices and medicines there that were worth a lot of money and could open up trade with all the countries there. There were also things like gold, silver, and other precious metals over in Asia that they could acquire. The consequences of the exchanges and clashes the accompanied the European contact with the plants, animals, and people of the New World were that diseases such as smallpox, typhus, diphtheria, bubonic plague, malaria, yellow fever, and cholera decimated the Indians along with Spain’s brutality. Also this made a lot of Indians to be put into slavery by the Spanish. The consequences of the Indians coming in contact with horses and using them was that they made it far easier to kill buffalo and this made the buffalo population die off faster than they could repopulate. This also made it so that the grasslands were depleted do to the added amount of animals from Europe eating it.
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Chapter 2 •
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The reasons for the founding of the different colonies in the North America was to widen the reach of the English power and was to find a place to put all the homeless people that populated the streets of England. It was also in part to obtain money through trade and other precious things such as gold, silver, and land. The British colonists and Native Americans adapted to each other majorly by trading with each other. By doing this they also formed alliances against other European powers and other Native American tribes. The reason England was successful in North America was that they, unlike France and Spain, created a centralized governments in the colonies that didn’t rely on England to keep them alive. Also they created relations with Indians so that they learned to grow plants such as corn that could keep them alive during the winter. The last thing they did was welcome immigrants from a variety of nationalities so they had tons of people coming into their colonies.