Air Port Project
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GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY
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GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY
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GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY
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GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY
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GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY
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GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY
AN AIRPORT SIMULATION
A multi-threaded airport simulation Page No:-
GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY
Overview A critical step of the project is to design a modeling and simulation infrastructure to experiment and validate the proposed solutions. The ever growing demand of air transport shows the vulnerability of the current air traffic management system: congestion, time delays, etc. particularly in poor whether conditions. The project is focused on controller and pilot assistance systems for approach and ground movements. The critical step of the project was to design an airport modeling and simulation infrastructure to improve the safety and efficiency of ground movements in all whether conditions. It simulates the arrivals and departures at an airport in a time sequence. During every minute, planes may enter the system, they may land, they may take off, or they may crash. The project must keep track of planes, assign planes to runways, execute the take offs and landings, and keep track of status of each plane, runway and terminal. So the finally made computer software should model various aspects of the total airports operation-connecting airside and landside, literally from the airspace to the curb. As part of case study, following analysis diagrams will be created 1. Use cases for the system. Page No:-
GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY 2. Class diagram for initially identified classes. 3. Activity diagram to show flow for each use case. 4. Sequence and collaboration diagrams. 5. State chart diagram shows states before and after each action. Conceptualization Assumptions: o All takeoffs take the same amount of time and all landings take the same amount of time (though these two times may be different). o Planes arrive for landing at random times, but with a specified probability of a plane arriving during any given minute. o Planes arrive for takeoff at random times, but with a specified probability of a plane arriving during any given minute. o Landings have priorities over takeoffs. o Planes arriving for landing have a random amount of fuel and they will crash if they do not land before they run out of fuel. Input will be: o The amount of time needed for one plane to land. o The amount of time needed for one plane to takeoff. o The probability of a plane entering the landing queue in any given minute.
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GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY o The probability of a plane entering the takeoff queue in any given minute. o The maximum minutes until a plane waiting to land will crash. o The status of each runway, plane and terminal. The output of the program will be: o Total simulation time. o The number of planes that took off in the simulated time. o The number of planes that landed in the simulated time. o The average time a plane spent in the takeoff queue. o The average time a plane spent in the landing queue. o Updated status of each runway, plane, and terminal. Key terms: o Aircraft simulation. o Airport: runways, terminals, planes, control room. o Aircraft: passengers, model no, cockpit, pilots. o Function points: Transmit/receive signals Pilot sends signals for takeoff/landing Loop -Check status of each runway -Finalize a free runway -Assign the runway to the plan Update status of runway and terminal
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GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY Get the plane landed safely Check if time left for next departure Loop -Check the status of each terminal -Validate if terminal suitable for particular aircraft -Assign terminal to aircraft Get the plane parked in the terminal. Update status of terminal Requirement analysis: Textual analysis: This covers the requirements and diagrams of the project. The complete simulation of airport control system. Actors: These are who are involved in interaction of the whole process. 1.
Technical head: He is the person who supervises the controls the ground traffic on runway. He checks the status of runways and assigns the free runways and terminals for take off and landing.
2. Pilot: He is the person who controls the aircraft. He transmits or receives signals regarding the free runways and terminal from the control room. He is responsible for the safe landing or takes off of the planes.
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GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY Use cases: The steps involved in the whole process are indicated as use cases: o Transmit / Receive signals. o Check availability of runways. o Land the plane. o Check if time left for next departure. o Check for free terminal. o Update status of runway, terminal. 1. Transmit / Receive signals: The pilot in the aircraft transmits signals for requesting a free runway to take off or land. The control room on the ground receives these signals from the aircrafts. 2. Check availability of runway: The status of each runway in the airport is checked if it’s free and its going to be free until the particular aircraft is landed or takes off. If this is going to be free then the runway number is transmitted to the pilot on aircraft. 3. Land the plane: The plane is landed safely on the airport as per directions given by the control room regarding runway and timings. 4. Check if time left for next departure: If the plane leaves immediately after landing then assign again a runway for take off. If there is still time then the plane has to be parked in a terminal.
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GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY 5. Check availability of terminals: The status of each terminal is to be checked to find a free terminal. It should be checked whether that particular model of plane fits into that terminal. Then that particular terminal has to be assigned to the plane.
6. Update status: The status of runway and terminal are to be set to be using while using them. The status has to be immediately changed as soon as the work is complete. This should be supervised carefully to avoid collisions and crashes of aircrafts. Classes: The classes contain the attributes and operations related to them the main classes classified in this solution are: 1. Control Room: He is the person who supervises the controls the ground traffic on runway. He checks the status of runways and assigns the free runways and terminals for take off and landing. 2. Plane-Cockpit: He is the person who controls the aircraft. He transmits or receives signals regarding the free runways and terminal from the control room. He is responsible for the safe landing or takes off of the plane. 3. Runway: This is the part the planes uses to land or take off only one plane can use a runway at a time to take off or land. 4. Terminal: This is the place where the planes are parked until the next departure. The terminals differ in size and Page No:-
GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY shape. The plane suitable fro that particular terminal is to be parked in it. 5. Take off / Land: The leaving of plane is called take off and coming back to runway is called landing. The runway is used for either purpose. Diagrams The diagrams are of two types: 1. Static diagrams Static diagrams are again divided into four: a)Class diagram b) Object diagram c) Component diagram d) Deployment diagram a. Class diagram A class diagram shows a set of classes, interfaces and collaborations and their relationships. Classes of airport simulation are: CLASS
ATTRIBUTES
OPERATIONS
Control room
-Technical head –no of staff –systems to control
+Receive signals form planes (). +Check for free runway () +send runway no () +check time for next departure () +Look for free terminal () +send terminal no to plane () +Get palne parked ()
Take off/Landing
-runwayno –flight no – status –time taken
+Update status of runway after each take off or landing ()
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GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY Plane-Cockpit
Terminal
Runway
-no of pilots –flight no – destination -timings
+Send signals to ground station () +receive runway no () +Land on runway () +Request terminal if time left for next departure () +Receive terminal no () +Get the plane parked in the terminal () -no of terminals -size of ----------terminal –flight model which fits in –status of terminal -no of runways -length of runway –status of runway –free timings – runway no
+Update status of runway after each take off or landing()
2. Dynamic Diagrams They are divided into five: 1. Usecase Diagram: Organizes the behavior of the system. 2. Sequence Diagram: Focused on the time ordering of messages. 3. Collaboration Diagram: Focused on structural organization of the objects that send and receive messages. 4. Statechart Diagram: Focused on changing state of system driven by events. 5. Activity Diagram: Focused on the flow of control from activity to activity. 1. Use case diagram A use case diagram shows a set of use cases and actors and their relationships. Actors Technical head
Use cases .Transmit/Receive signals Page No:-
GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY .Look for free runway .Check whether conditions .Give directions to aircrafts .Look for free terminal .Get the plane parked in the free terminal Pilot
.Transmit/receive signals .Land or take off the plane safely .Give acknowledgement about the timings to control .Get the plane into the free
terminal 2. Sequence Diagram: A diagram is an interaction diagram that emphasizes the time ordering of messages. It consists of set of objects and actor. Actors 1. Technical head: He is the person who supervises the controls the ground traffic on runway. He checks the status of runways and assigns the free runways and terminals for take off and landing. 2. Pilot: He is the person who controls the aircraft. He transmits or receives signals regarding the free runways and terminal from the control room. He is responsible for the safe landing or takes off of the planes. Objects 1. Runway: This is the path the plane uses to land or take off. Only one plane can use a runway at a time to take off or land. 2. Take off/Landing: The leaving of plane is called take off and coming back to runway is called landing. The runway is used for either purpose. 3. Whether Conditions: The whether department decodes the atmospheric data files from the current whether conditions and sends them to the control room. The systems in the control room checks whether the condition is suitable for landing the planes. 4. Terminal: This is the place where the planes are parked until the next departure. The terminals differ in size and shape. The plane suitable for that particular terminal is to be parked in it. 5. Cockpit: He is the person who controls the aircraft. He transmits or receives signals regarding the free runways and Page No:-
GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY terminal from the control room. He is responsible for the safe landing or takes off of the planes. 3. Collaboration Diagram: A collaboration diagram is an interaction diagram that emphasizes the structural organization of the objects that send and receive messages. It shows set of objects, links among those objects and messages sent and received by those objects. 4. State Chart Diagram: A state chart diagram shows a state machine, consisting of states, transitions, events and activities. It emphasizes the event ordered behavior of an object, which is especially useful in modeling reactive systems. 5. Activity Diagram: An activity diagram shows the flow from activity to activity within a system. It emphasizes the flow of control among objects.
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GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY
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GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY
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GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY
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GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY
Page No:-
GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY
Page No:-
GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY
Page No:-
GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY
AN AIRPORT SIMULATION
A multi-threaded airport simulation Page No:-
GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY
Overview A critical step of the project is to design a modeling and simulation infrastructure to experiment and validate the proposed solutions. The ever growing demand of air transport shows the vulnerability of the current air traffic management system: congestion, time delays, etc. particularly in poor whether conditions. The project is focused on controller and pilot assistance systems for approach and ground movements. The critical step of the project was to design an airport modeling and simulation infrastructure to improve the safety and efficiency of ground movements in all whether conditions. It simulates the arrivals and departures at an airport in a time sequence. During every minute, planes may enter the system, they may land, they may take off, or they may crash. The project must keep track of planes, assign planes to runways, execute the take offs and landings, and keep track of status of each plane, runway and terminal. So the finally made computer software should model various aspects of the total airports operation-connecting airside and landside, literally from the airspace to the curb. As part of case study, following analysis diagrams will be created 1. Use cases for the system. Page No:-
GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY 2. Class diagram for initially identified classes. 3. Activity diagram to show flow for each use case. 4. Sequence and collaboration diagrams. 5. State chart diagram shows states before and after each action. Conceptualization Assumptions: o All takeoffs take the same amount of time and all landings take the same amount of time (though these two times may be different). o Planes arrive for landing at random times, but with a specified probability of a plane arriving during any given minute. o Planes arrive for takeoff at random times, but with a specified probability of a plane arriving during any given minute. o Landings have priorities over takeoffs. o Planes arriving for landing have a random amount of fuel and they will crash if they do not land before they run out of fuel. Input will be: o The amount of time needed for one plane to land. o The amount of time needed for one plane to takeoff. o The probability of a plane entering the landing queue in any given minute.
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GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY o The probability of a plane entering the takeoff queue in any given minute. o The maximum minutes until a plane waiting to land will crash. o The status of each runway, plane and terminal. The output of the program will be: o Total simulation time. o The number of planes that took off in the simulated time. o The number of planes that landed in the simulated time. o The average time a plane spent in the takeoff queue. o The average time a plane spent in the landing queue. o Updated status of each runway, plane, and terminal. Key terms: o Aircraft simulation. o Airport: runways, terminals, planes, control room. o Aircraft: passengers, model no, cockpit, pilots. o Function points: Transmit/receive signals Pilot sends signals for takeoff/landing Loop -Check status of each runway -Finalize a free runway -Assign the runway to the plan Update status of runway and terminal
Page No:-
GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY Get the plane landed safely Check if time left for next departure Loop -Check the status of each terminal -Validate if terminal suitable for particular aircraft -Assign terminal to aircraft Get the plane parked in the terminal. Update status of terminal Requirement analysis: Textual analysis: This covers the requirements and diagrams of the project. The complete simulation of airport control system. Actors: These are who are involved in interaction of the whole process. 1.
Technical head: He is the person who supervises the controls the ground traffic on runway. He checks the status of runways and assigns the free runways and terminals for take off and landing.
2. Pilot: He is the person who controls the aircraft. He transmits or receives signals regarding the free runways and terminal from the control room. He is responsible for the safe landing or takes off of the planes.
Page No:-
GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY Use cases: The steps involved in the whole process are indicated as use cases: o Transmit / Receive signals. o Check availability of runways. o Land the plane. o Check if time left for next departure. o Check for free terminal. o Update status of runway, terminal. 1. Transmit / Receive signals: The pilot in the aircraft transmits signals for requesting a free runway to take off or land. The control room on the ground receives these signals from the aircrafts. 2. Check availability of runway: The status of each runway in the airport is checked if it’s free and its going to be free until the particular aircraft is landed or takes off. If this is going to be free then the runway number is transmitted to the pilot on aircraft. 3. Land the plane: The plane is landed safely on the airport as per directions given by the control room regarding runway and timings. 4. Check if time left for next departure: If the plane leaves immediately after landing then assign again a runway for take off. If there is still time then the plane has to be parked in a terminal.
Page No:-
GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY 5. Check availability of terminals: The status of each terminal is to be checked to find a free terminal. It should be checked whether that particular model of plane fits into that terminal. Then that particular terminal has to be assigned to the plane.
6. Update status: The status of runway and terminal are to be set to be using while using them. The status has to be immediately changed as soon as the work is complete. This should be supervised carefully to avoid collisions and crashes of aircrafts. Classes: The classes contain the attributes and operations related to them the main classes classified in this solution are: 1. Control Room: He is the person who supervises the controls the ground traffic on runway. He checks the status of runways and assigns the free runways and terminals for take off and landing. 2. Plane-Cockpit: He is the person who controls the aircraft. He transmits or receives signals regarding the free runways and terminal from the control room. He is responsible for the safe landing or takes off of the plane. 3. Runway: This is the part the planes uses to land or take off only one plane can use a runway at a time to take off or land. 4. Terminal: This is the place where the planes are parked until the next departure. The terminals differ in size and Page No:-
GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY shape. The plane suitable fro that particular terminal is to be parked in it. 5. Take off / Land: The leaving of plane is called take off and coming back to runway is called landing. The runway is used for either purpose. Diagrams The diagrams are of two types: 1. Static diagrams Static diagrams are again divided into four: a)Class diagram b) Object diagram c) Component diagram d) Deployment diagram a. Class diagram A class diagram shows a set of classes, interfaces and collaborations and their relationships. Classes of airport simulation are: CLASS
ATTRIBUTES
OPERATIONS
Control room
-Technical head –no of staff –systems to control
+Receive signals form planes (). +Check for free runway () +send runway no () +check time for next departure () +Look for free terminal () +send terminal no to plane () +Get palne parked ()
Take off/Landing
-runwayno –flight no – status –time taken
+Update status of runway after each take off or landing ()
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GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY Plane-Cockpit
Terminal
Runway
-no of pilots –flight no – destination -timings
+Send signals to ground station () +receive runway no () +Land on runway () +Request terminal if time left for next departure () +Receive terminal no () +Get the plane parked in the terminal () -no of terminals -size of ----------terminal –flight model which fits in –status of terminal -no of runways -length of runway –status of runway –free timings – runway no
+Update status of runway after each take off or landing()
2. Dynamic Diagrams They are divided into five: 1. Usecase Diagram: Organizes the behavior of the system. 2. Sequence Diagram: Focused on the time ordering of messages. 3. Collaboration Diagram: Focused on structural organization of the objects that send and receive messages. 4. Statechart Diagram: Focused on changing state of system driven by events. 5. Activity Diagram: Focused on the flow of control from activity to activity. 1. Use case diagram A use case diagram shows a set of use cases and actors and their relationships. Actors Technical head
Use cases .Transmit/Receive signals Page No:-
GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY .Look for free runway .Check whether conditions .Give directions to aircrafts .Look for free terminal .Get the plane parked in the free terminal Pilot
.Transmit/receive signals .Land or take off the plane safely .Give acknowledgement about the timings to control .Get the plane into the free
terminal 2. Sequence Diagram: A diagram is an interaction diagram that emphasizes the time ordering of messages. It consists of set of objects and actor. Actors 1. Technical head: He is the person who supervises the controls the ground traffic on runway. He checks the status of runways and assigns the free runways and terminals for take off and landing. 2. Pilot: He is the person who controls the aircraft. He transmits or receives signals regarding the free runways and terminal from the control room. He is responsible for the safe landing or takes off of the planes. Objects 1. Runway: This is the path the plane uses to land or take off. Only one plane can use a runway at a time to take off or land. 2. Take off/Landing: The leaving of plane is called take off and coming back to runway is called landing. The runway is used for either purpose. 3. Whether Conditions: The whether department decodes the atmospheric data files from the current whether conditions and sends them to the control room. The systems in the control room checks whether the condition is suitable for landing the planes. 4. Terminal: This is the place where the planes are parked until the next departure. The terminals differ in size and shape. The plane suitable for that particular terminal is to be parked in it. 5. Cockpit: He is the person who controls the aircraft. He transmits or receives signals regarding the free runways and Page No:-
GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY terminal from the control room. He is responsible for the safe landing or takes off of the planes. 3. Collaboration Diagram: A collaboration diagram is an interaction diagram that emphasizes the structural organization of the objects that send and receive messages. It shows set of objects, links among those objects and messages sent and received by those objects. 4. State Chart Diagram: A state chart diagram shows a state machine, consisting of states, transitions, events and activities. It emphasizes the event ordered behavior of an object, which is especially useful in modeling reactive systems. 5. Activity Diagram: An activity diagram shows the flow from activity to activity within a system. It emphasizes the flow of control among objects.
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GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY
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GITAM INSTITUE OF TECHNOLOGY
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