Air Defence Radar

TO TEACH THE CL ABOUT LATEST TRENDS AND TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS IN RADARS

Definitions Reqs of AD radars Ltds of old radars Trends in modern radars Technological advancements Latest radar sys Latest radars aval in world Summary

 It is a tech of op radar with long pulses but obtain the resolution and accuracy of short pulse and the detection cap of a long pulse

PULSE COMPRESSION ACTUAL PULSE

Tx

Rx

AN T COMPRESSED PULSE

Radars

using

transmitting

and

monostatic radars

one

ant

for

receiving

are

Radars having tx and rx being separated by a dist are bistatic radars

BISTATIC RADAR SYS

Rx Tx

In multistatic radar sys there are one or more txs and multiple rxs , or multiple txs and one or more rxs , each posn in different loc

MU LTI STATI C RADAR SYS

Rx Tx

Rx Tx

 Radar that uses electronic beam steering is known, as" phased array radar (PAR)"

PH AR RAY ANT

Enhanced performance in interference and ECM envmt Max info of tgt parameters i.e ht, bg, range, no of tgts Ease of maint / op and trg Detection of low flying tgts Measures to ctr ECM and ARMs Mob Altn surv methods i.e TV Camera, IR Scanners

Very large in size Separate ht finding and surv eqpt Easy to jam Less data rate

Fast and accurate data processing 3D cap Better sig processing Elec ident of tgts Improved ECCM Digital MTI Compact

Reduce the acqn time Better data processing time Enhance reaction cap detection to destruction of tgt Clear pic at radar / wpn end

from

Lower costs Covert operation of the rx Inc resilience to ECM as rx loc is unknown

Cost of providing comm between sites Difficult to depl

Exploite the ionospheric reflection of EM waves These radars use HF At HF, ionosphere acts like a mirror and the tx sig is reflected downwards OTH radars are bistatic sys Can also op using gr waves

Fwd scatter OTH radar does not utilize the chars of inosphere Uses the chars of longer wave length of HF spectrum

FWD SCATTER (OTH - F) RADAR

CURVATURE OF EARTH

Tx and rx are separately loc Utilize reflection of radiations from ionosphere

BACK SCATTER (OTH - B) RADAR IO NOS PHERE

Tx Rx SUR FACE OF EA RTH

TG T

 Emp a large side-looking ant i.e one whose beam is perpendicular to the ac’s line of flt  Cap of hi range resolution  SLAR gen map like images of the gr and permits detection of gr tgts

SI DE L OO KI NG A B RA DA R (S LA R)

 One of the examples of these sys is FLIR i.e. fwd looking IR sys  It is a passive sys designed to loc and tr the IR radiations, gen by the hot metal The IR seeker or sensor is composed of sensitive photo-conductive material and is housed inside glass domes

FW D L OOKING AB RADAR (FLAR)

Excellent MTI performance Can produce sharp images of tgt on display Immune to jamming Smaller ant and aperture dimensions

PLESSEY AR – 327 3D AD RADAR

Jt STARS is a synthetic aperture radar mtd on an AB platform - E- 8 C ac The E- 8C, carries a phased-array radar under the fwd part of the fuselage The radar is cap of providing targeting and battle mgmt data to all Jt STARS ops, both in the ac and in the gr sta modules

SAR - (JT SURV TGT ATTK RADAR SYS)

Can detect stealth bombers from at least 3000 km away Uses two hi freq radio txs loc 2300 km apart  The tx arrays are about one km long

Hi sensitive rx Rx consist of two "arms", each 3.4 km long, and each site consists of 960 indl ant masts Tx and rx sites are loc about 100 km apart

JINDALE RADAR

Tx

Rx

HF band OTH Back Scatter E Wng radar Provide electronic surv of ac at ranges up to 2,880 km Sys has two separate tx and rx sites, 150 to 200 km apart

AN/FPS-118 OTH RADAR

Consist of an adv, auto detect and track, phased-array radar, the AN/SPY-1 coupled with the AN/UYK-1 hi-speed cptr sys Able to detect incoming msls or ac

Can sort tgts by assigning a threat value Can guide the msls to their tgts The radar panels are flat structures, mtd to give 360 deg

AEGIS RADAR

Electronically scanned, solid state, phased array radar Freq range is 500 MHz to 1,000 MHz Op in search, detection, tracking and msl guidance modes simultaneously

Can detect tgts at ranges up to 500 km Able to tr tgts up to speeds over 3,000 m/s The radar ill the tgt and guides the Arrow msl to within 4 m of the tgt

GREEN PINE E WNG FIRE CON AND MSL GUIDANCE RADAR

 C-band, multifunctional phased array radar sys  Can search, detect , track and ident potential threats  Patriot msls guidance and ECCM func  Remotely con by the MSQ-104 con sta, via a cable link

 Can track more than 100 tgts  Can engage 9 tgts simultaneously  Has a range more than 100 kms

AN/MPQ-53

STATE O F ART AU TO MATED SYS

12 SECs

SOC

MPDR

30-120 SECs CRCP

30 SECs

FAADC

DETECTION MPDR MPDR ADCP