Aiken Historical News November

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UNITED STATES FLAG

STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA AIKEN, BAMBERG, BARNWELL, LEXINGTON & ORANGEBURG COUNTIES

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The Historical News

SOUTH CAROLINA STATE FLAG

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VOL. 29 NO. 11-SC

Southern Historical News, Inc.

NOVEMBER 2009

SPECIAL THANKSGIVING EDITION

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ORANGEBURG • HOLLY HILL SUMMERVILLE OUR BUSINESS IS CUSTOMER SATISFACTION www.suburbanpropane.com ROB & EVERYONE AT SUBURBAN PROPANE THANK THEIR CUSTOMERS FOR PAST BUSINESS AND SUPPORT, & REMIND YOU THEY ARE OF SERVICE TO THE ENTIRE AREA!

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803-643-0300 corner of richland & gregg ave. aiken, sc EVERYONE AT SHADOW OAKS WISHES ALL A HAPPY THANKSGIVING & UPCOMING HOLIDAY SEASON!

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24-HOUR EMERGENCY SERVICE MANAGER - ROB KOLB

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"Family Caring For Family" Administrator - Scott Jones Located at 3525 Augustus Rd. in Aiken, phone 803-642-8376, PEPPER HILL NURSING CENTER is well known as being one of the region's finest nursing facilities. No wonder so many families, who want only the best for their relatives, specify this respected home when there's a need for specialized nursing care and dedicated service. Physical, occupational and speech therapy is offered with a well trained, caring and listening staff. This fine home is licensed and approved by the state board of health and employs only trained personnel to cater to the patient's every need. Trust PEPPER HILL NURSING CENTER to take better care of you or your relative who needs the best in nursing care. As the authors of this 2009 Historical Review, we're proud to be able to list this outstanding nursing home along with other leading businesses. Scott and staff thank the patients and families for placing their complete trust and confidence in them, and wish all a Happy Thanksgiving and a wonderful holiday season!

COUNTY HISTORY INDEX

Aiken..................................................21-23 Bamberg.............................................10-11 Barnwell.................................................4-8 Lexington...........................................18-19 Orangeburg........................................14-16

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AIKEN COUNTY AREA

BRING ON THE FOOD! A FEW WORDS ABOUT THANKSGIVING By Wayne Vernoy Rogers

Well, sorry if I sound a bit rude. That is not the intention! Just stressing the fact that, when most people think of Thanksgiving, the first thing that pops into their minds is the FOOD! But, to my surprise, I have found out that the food that is associated with Thanksgiving today, was totally different than the food that was eaten at early Thanksgiving celebrations. First of all, forget about roasted turkey, mashed potatoes, cranberry sauce and any beer, wine or pies! They had no ovens, so pumpkin stew and pudding were served instead. They had no potatoes either, and butter and oils were scarce. They also had no access to sugar! Oh dear, you might ask, “What on earth did they eat?” Well, they did a lot of boiling. They boiled chicken, lobster and fish. What they roasted, they did over a spit fire and the meat had to be constantly monitored and turned. Roasted venison and boiled foul were popular and readily available. If they did eat cranberries, they had to be boiled all day, then sweetened with honey or syrup. In 1621, a harvest festival was celebrated by the colonists, or the Pilgrims, to thank the Creator for saving their lives and to guide them through their rough trials through years of drought at Plymouth. When the drought ended, the rain revived the corn crop and other fruits and a few vegetables. To celebrate, the Pilgrims had a big dinner of about 150 people, consisting of the colonists and the relatives of Chief Massasoit of the Wampanoag Indians. General Bradford sent four of his soldiers to hunt for foul. When they returned they brought back enough to feed the entire village for a week! The Indians contributed five deer as well as corn meal, fish (Bass and Cod) and wild turkey and foul. Also they ate rabbit, squashes, beans, chestnuts, hickory nuts, onions, leeks, dried fruits, radishes, cabbage, carrots, eggs (turkey, and wild duck) and goat cheese. (Hmmmm, sounds good to me!) They also whipped up more than a couple of wheat breads and fruit mashes and they drank mostly water. That’s pretty different from what we would consider eating for Thanksgiving today. But the Pilgrims didn't dwell on the things that they did not have. Instead, they gave thanks for the things that they did have, and for the blessings that God (and the Great Spirit, as the Indians called him.) had bestowed on them.

The Historical News IS PUBLISHED BY: SOUTHERN HISTORICAL NEWS, INC. P.O. BOX 1068 HIRAM, GEORGIA 30141 1-800-422-4478 FAX: 1-770-943-0729

EDITOR’S NOTE ON HISTORY Some of the places featured in THE HISTORICAL NEWS may have changed locations, no longer exist, or have a different statement of purpose. They are presented only for the historic theme in consideration of public interest. Southern Historical News, Inc. welcomes your comments about our publication. If you have any historical information and/or photographs you wish to be printed, we would gladly accept them for future publications.

South Carolina Symbols STATE BIRD

STATE ANIMAL

STATE FLAG CAROLINA WREN

WHITETAIL DEER

STATE FLOWER

STATE TREE

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The idea behind their business is to serve the people of this area with a wide variety of name brand merchandise, including discounted cigars and tobacco products without long lines at the checkout. They have scientifically stocked their shelves with items often forgotten at the supermarket, and items we all need at unusual hours of the morning and evening. They offer lottery and are open Sunday for alcohol purchases which adds to the reason why so many people drop in morning, noon and night when they’re in a hurry. Wholesale phone orders and price inquiries are welcome and no sales taxes are charged to small businesses with non-tax permits. The writers of this 2009 Historical Review compliment the management of this minimarket for their efforts to offer what is needed, when it is needed. Remember the name, MO’S CONVENIENCE & TOBACCO, you’ll find their stock complete and their service extra fast. Everyone at MO’S CONVENIENCE & TOBACCO thanks their customers for past business and support, and reminds you they are of service to the entire area!

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AIKEN & BARNWELL COUNTY AREA

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Attention If you operate a business that is not listed in this publication and would like your company information listed in the next issue, please fill out the following and mail it to us at: Southern Historical News, Inc. P.O. Box 1068, Hiram, Ga. 30141. We will have one of our representatives contact you. Business Name: _______________________________ Business Address: _____________________________ City: _______________ State: _______ Zip: __________ Business Phone: (_____)______________________ Daytime # If Different: (_____)___________________ Or you can give us a call at:

1-800-422-4478

KID TO KID Family Owned & Operated Proudly Serving You In Aiken County Monday - Saturday 10:00 A.M. - 7:00 P.M. Sunday 10:00 A.M. - 6:00 P.M. Accepting Consignments Monday - Saturday 10:00 A.M. - 3:00 P.M. Because it's important to save money whenever possible and cut corners when it's practical, today's bargain hunters have reason to welcome an alternative form of shopping. For the best values on quality merchandise, shop KID TO KID. Located on Pine Log Rd. at Silver bluff, Next to Old Navy in Aiken, phone 803-648-0063, this well-respected consignment shop is fast becoming known as "the way of shopping." While fitting the people of this area from top to bottom. They feature name brand, gently worn apparel, accessories and many other items at a fraction of the original price. You can choose from the same quality clothes offered at larger department stores with one BIG difference...the prices are considerably less, with new arrivals every day, so every day is sale day! KID TO KID accepts only clean, well-cared for clothing on consignment. They will pay cash for any purchases they make or will offer store credit equal to 20% more than cash value. The writers of this 2009 Historical Review are pleased to include KID TO KID among the area's leading businesses. KID TO KID thanks their customers for past business and support, looks forward to serving you in the future, and wishes all a Happy Thanksgiving and a Blessed and Merry Christmas!

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BARNWELL COUNTY AREA continued from below

Barnwell County & Its Towns Barnwell County was called Winton County in 1785. The county was then named for John Barnwell, a Revolutionary War figure in 1800, the same year Barnwell died. Barnwell County grew with the introduction of the SC railroad. The railroad linked Charleston with the old town of Hamburg on the Savannah River. Because of the railroad, the Barnwell County towns of Williston and Blackville grew up alongside the railroad tracks in the mid-1800’s. Although trains no longer run through these towns, the history of the railroad is still apparent. Barnwell County was home to several influential state politicians, namely Senator Edgar A. Brown (1888-1975), state Speaker of the House Solomon Blatt (1895-1986) and former governor Joseph E. Harley (1880-1942). Collectively they were known as the “Barnwell Ring.”

Barnwell

completed in October, 1878, and the courthouse was finished by February, 1879. The unique vertical sundial in front of the courthouse was given to the town in 1858 by J.D. Allen, at the time a state senator from Barnwell. It is the only remaining one of its kind in the country, and keeps almost perfect standard time, although standard time was not set up until 1884. A fire-proof repository for records was added in 1902 by a Negro contractor and brick mason by the name of John Eve and another fire-proof addition was added for the probate judge in 1921. In the 1930s the building was plastered over by the WPA. An interesting tale is connected with the final and deciding popular vote on the courthouse location. The ballot boxes were brought to the county seat of Barnwell and locked in a closet with three men from Barnwell and three from Blackville left to guard them until the next morning. The guards are said to have gone to sleep under the influence of whiskey provided by some “wicked” citizen of Barnwell. The ballot boxes and their contents were stolen and on the shelf where the boxes had been were found three ballots--two for Barnwell and one for Blackville. From that day to this, no effort has been made to change the county seat again.

The City of Barnwell was known as “Red Hill” or the “Village” in its earlier days. People began to settle in Barnwell by 1800, but it was not incorporated as a town until 1829. At that time, Barnwell’s city limits encompassed a three-quarter mile radius around the county courthouse. The Circle, in front of the courthouse, is still the downtown heart of the city. Barnwell is now the County seat of Barnwell County.

Williston

The town of Williston started before the railroad. Descendents of Robert Willis, an earlier settler, gave the settlement his name. However, Williston didn’t really grow until 1833, with the coming of the railroad. By then, a 136-mile stretch of railroad had been laid to connect Charleston and the former town of Hamburg, near present-day Augusta. In 1833, this was the longest single stretch of railroad in the world. During the Civil War, detachments of Union soldiers and cavalry defeated Confederate forces near Williston in February of 1865. The Union forces then tore up railroad tracks and burned many of Williston’s homes. The historic Ashley-Willis house was spared because the Union soldiers slept there.

Blackville

Before Blackville was settled as a town, people, both Native Americans, and settlers, passed through here as the Cherokee Trail and the Edisto River cut through the area. Also the Native Americans, and later colonists, visited Healing Springs, the site of a natural spring. Boasting of the water’s curative powers, Native Americans brought wounded Revolutionary War soldiers to Healing Springs as well. In 1944, L.P. Boylston made a legal footnote in history when he deeded the one acre of land the spring is located on to “God.” Like other towns in Barnwell County, Blackville grew up around the railroad. The Blackville Public Library, is stationed in the town’s old train depot on Solomon Blatt Avenue. For a time in the 1870s, Blackville was the county seat of Barnwell County.

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The original Barnwell (Winton) court records, bound in a unique, shingle-bound manuscript, are preserved in the Barnwell County archives and date back to 1786. Court was originally held in private homes on plantations. The first courthouse had been built by August 3, 1789 in the Boiling Springs section on three acres of land given by Thomas Wyle and John Mitchell. In 1791 the county seat was moved to Barnwell Village. Court was held here at the house of Benjamin Odom, Sr. In 1799 Benjamin Odom donated five acres of land to the State of South Carolina for the site of a courthouse, which is the present location. The courthouse was built in 1800, but one was torn down. This building met the same fate as the previous one and was torn down in 1855. The new courthouse was occupied by 1848. In February 1865 Kilpatrick’s Calvary burned the village and the courthouse was put to the torch. Immediately after the destruction of the courthouse, money was allowed for a temporary jail, but court was held in the Presbyterian Church until 1869, when the county seat was changed to Blackville by act of the Reconstruction legislature. The court was held in Blackville 1869-73. It was returned to Barnwell by legislative ordered referendum in 1874. The final action was taken May, 1875 by public vote. In 1878, the contract was let to J. Whilden Woodward and associates J.H. Woodward and W.T. Blanton, and final cost amounted to $16,719.45. The jail was continued above

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BARNWELL COUNTY AREA

PAGE 5

Historic Barnwell Points of Interest Barnwell County CourtHouse Circa 1879 141 Main Street/57 Wall Street Barnwell, South Carolina 29812

The original Barnwell (Winton) court records, bound in a unique, shinglebound manuscript, are preserved in the Barnwell County Archives and date back to 1786. Court was originally held in private homes on plantations. The first courthouse had been built by August 3, 1879, in the Boiling Springs section on three acres of land given by Thomas Wyld and John Mitchell. In 1791 the county seat was moved to Barnwell Village. Court was held here at the house of Benjamin Odom, Sr. In 1799, Benjamin Odom donated five acres of land to the State of South Carolina for the site of a courthouse, which is the present location. The courthouse was built in 1800, but it was a wooden structure of poor quality. Another building was built in 1819, and the original one was torn down. A new courthouse was occupied by 1848. In February 1865, General Kilpatrick’s Union Calvary burned the village and the courthouse. Immediately after destruction of the courthouse, money was allocated for a temporary jail, and court was held in the Presbyterian Church until 1869, when the county seat was changed to Blackville by an act of the Reconstruction Legislature. Court was held in Blackville 1869-1873. It was returned to Barnwell by legislative ordered referendum in 1874. The final action was taken

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BARNWELL COUNTY AREA

BARNWELL POINTS OF INTEREST - continued from page 5

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in May 1875 by public vote. In 1878 the contract was let to J. Whilden Woodward and associates, J. H. Woodward and W. T. Blanton; and the final cost amounted to $16,719.45. The jail was completed in October 1878, and the courthouse was completed in February 1879. The present courthouse building was the fourth building located on the grounds given by Benjamin Odom, Sr. A fire-proof repository for records was added in 1902 by John Eve, a renowned contractor and brick mason of Barnwell. In 1921 another fire-proof addition was added for the records of the probate judge. In the 1930’s the red brick building was plastered over by the WPA which is the white building of this day.

es to the building were made. A social hall was added and stained glass windows were installed. These stained glass windows were originally in the old Ursuline Convent of St. Peter’s Catholic Church in Columbia, S.C. The church building is surrounded by a cemetery in which many names rich in South Carolina history can be found, such as Adrich, Bellinger, Maher and Simms. In more recent times a home for the priest was built along with the purchase of another house and property adjoining the churchyard.

THE SUNDIAL

In Historic Barnwell, South Carolina The sundial is a unique vertical monument placed in front of the courthouse of Barnwell County. It was given to Barnwell in 1858 by Joseph D. Allen, at the time a state senator from Barnwell. It is thought to be the only freestanding, vertical sundial in the country. The sundial keeps almost perfect standard time, although standard time was not set up until 1884. Captain Allen, a wealthy Barnwell resident, had the sundial made by D.B. Haselton, Ironmonger of Charleston. He was a lover of monuments and adorned his parent's graves with ornate monuments. He saw to it that his Nannie's grave (Bethlehem Cemetery), and even his dog's grave, were well marked. It is ironic then, that after losing his wealth in the Civil War, he was buried in a grave not even marked by a headstone, which has now been marked by the Masons (Baptist Church Cemetery, corner of Dunbarton & Jackson Streets).

Saint Andrew’s Catholic Church

Circa 1831 110 Madison Street Barnwell, South Carolina 29812 Saint Andrew’s Chapel is the earliest religious structure in Barnwell. It is also the oldest original Catholic Church in South Carolina. The Chapel was built in 1831, just ten years after the church in the Carolinas and Georgia had its first bishop. The first priest to care for the Catholics of Barnwell came from Augusta, Ga. In 1847, Father John O’Connell began a monthly mass to the parish. The church building was spared by Sherman’s Army during his sweep through the area. In 1930 the Redemptory priests began their missionary work at St. Andrew’s. Then in 1944, Saint Andrew The Apostle Catholic Church at Barnwell was made a memorial shrine. The church began to grow in the early 1950’s with the beginning of the Savannah River Plant, and some changcontinued above

The Church of the Holy Apostles, Episcopal

Circa 1848 9457 Patterson Street Barnwell, South Carolina 29812 The congregation was organized November 18, 1848, and the building was erected in 1856-57, and dedicated on March 11, 1857. The Rev. Edwin A. Wagner, an Englishman was the first rector, and he gave the lot and much of the money for construction of the church. The Rev. Wagner built the house located on the west side of the church, next to the cemetery, as his private residence. This house was never church property. The church was begun with 35 white and 10 Negro members. It contained a slave gallery which now serves as a balcony. The War Between The States left the church in disrepair. General Kilpatrick’s horses were stabled in the church and watered from the fount. In 1883, the church was restored and regular services began again with the Rev. Robert Barnwell as rector. There are many famous men and women buried in the churchyard, including Gen. Johnson Hagood, William Gilmore Simms, Jr., Dr. A Bethune Patterson, physician and one-time state senator from Barnwell County, and Congressman James O’H. Patterson. The marker for Charlotte, a devoted Patterson family slave, can still be found here. The certificate can be seen in the church along with the original parish register and other historic documents. The church was placed on the National Register of Historic Sites in South Carolina in 1972.

Bethlehem Baptist Church

Circa 1899 177 Wall Street Barnwell, South Carolina 29812 This church was officially organized in 1868, having its origin in the antebellum Barnwell Baptist Church, which was built on this site in 1829. The Barnwell Baptist Church had their services on this site until 1854 when the congregation built another church building on a different site in the town. At this time several free blacks and slaves were members of Barnwell Baptist Church , and they asked to use the 1829 sanctuary for worship services and meetings. Permission was granted to the group, and they met there informally until their official organization in 1868. The old Barnwell Baptist Church sanctuary continued to serve this newly organized church until the building was demolished in 1898. At the time

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PAGE 7

BARNWELL POINTS OF INTEREST - continued from page 6

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it was demolished some of the material was salvaged and utilized in the present Bethlehem Baptist Church building.

man, Charles Pechmann, a German Lutheran, as a site for a Methodist church. The Presbyterians offered temporary use of their building while the Methodists were building their church. The church building was completed in 1887, first being of wood and in the shape of a “T” to honor the Rev. Tillman. In 1927, remodeling of the wooden church began. All of the exterior was bricked. A Pilsner pipe organ, with 40 pipes, was installed behind the choir loft. The year 1956 saw the construction of a separate educational building consisting of an assembly hall, kitchen and Sunday School rooms. The building was named for Rev. Bryan Crenshaw, who served the church for five years in the 1950’s. In 1978, three Main Street buildings were acquired. These located adjacent to the church. Two were torn down and the third was remodeled for the Activity and Youth Building. In the late 1980’s, a second floor was added to the Crenshaw Building. It contains a choir room, classrooms and the church offices. In September, 1988, the church dedicated the new stained glass windows, designed by Beverly Hebbard, a local artist.

Barnwell CourtHouse/ Presbyterian Church/ Performing Arts Center

Barnwell United Methodist Church

Circa 1885 236 Main Street Barnwell, South Carolina 29812 The village of Barnwell and the area around it had Methodists living here before the present Barnwell church was formed. There were some twenty Methodists in Barnwell Village before the War Between The States. The present Methodist Church was organized in Barnwell 1885. The Reverend J.L. Tillman, an evangelist, came to Barnwell and held meetings in the courthouse to overflow crowds. Rev. Tillman, a Methodist, started the church by the enrollment of twenty members at this meeting. A lot, centrally located in the town, was donated by a generous fellow towns-





Circa 1840 325 Academy Street Barnwell, South Carolina 29812 In the early 1840's, Dr. James Thornwell was sent by the Charleston Presbytery to organize a church at Boiling Springs. There soon was an opening for Presbyterianism in a little settlement on Turkey Creek known as Barnwell Court House. The Boiling Springs Church started an outpost here and the Reverend Samuel H. Hay was called as its first pastor with "preaching' in the Barnwell Court House. As this center of church life grew a Presbyterian

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S FOR ITH U W P O R SH F YOU ALL O FT NEEDS AY GI HOLID ONLINE AT OR t.com almar www.w

WALMART SUPERCENTER is located at 11391 Dunbarton Blvd. in Barnwell, phone 803-2592000. This is one of the leading department stores in this area. Be sure to visit them on your next trip to town. They boast a wide selection of clothing and shoes for the entire family. Regardless of age, figure or fashion personality, WALMART SUPERCENTER can please even the most discriminating taste. Need groceries, appliances, furniture, auto parts, cameras, toys or gifts, groceries, meats, produce items and much, much more? These items are what you’ll find at WALMART SUPERCENTER. Come in and see where quality merchandise and selection is greater. WALMART SUPERCENTER carries nationally advertised brands and have helpful and friendly sales personnel. All of these things contribute to make shopping here a real pleasure. The writers of this 2009 Historical Review make particular mention of this well-stocked store. The associates of WALMART SUPERCENTER thank their customers for past business and support, look forward to serving you in the future, and wish you a safe and happy holiday season!

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BARNWELL COUNTY AREA BARNWELL POINTS OF INTEREST - continued from page 7

Adventures in Preservation offers hands-on preservation vacations Adventures in Preservation, formerly known as the Heritage Conservation Network, is a non-profit organization that offers hands-on preservation vacations to destinations throughout the world. Guided by experts, participants take part in real-world preservation projects. Planned trips for 2010 include U.S. destinations in Illinois, Montana, and New York City as well as international destinations in Kenya, Armenia, Slovenia, and Albania. For more information visit www.adventuresinpreservation.org.

Buckhead Coalition Offers $100 Reward For Missing Plaque The Buckhead Coalition has a wall full of plaques in its Tower Place offices in Atlanta, but wants another. This one has significance and has been missing for many years. If you've ever wondered about the bare stone monument facing Peachtree at the side of E. Rivers School, at one time it displayed a bronze plaque by the Daughters of the American Revolution heralding the origin of Peachtree. This should be of general interest considering the fact that there are no less than thirteen roadways just in Buckhead with "Peachtree" in the name. Coalition president Sam Massell "suspects it's long forgotten in someone's basement, left over from a fraternity initiation or other prank". Thus, the Coalition is stepping "up to the plate" - pun probably intended - to put "Humpty Dumpty" back together again...with no questions asked! Just call Massell at 404-2332228 to arrange a mutally convenient place to make the swap.

Operation America (1972)

107 Todd Trails Road, 103 Millbrook, Alabama, 36054 334-414-9053 [email protected] Warren Shanks McEachern Founder

JIM'S TIRE & AUTO Locally Owned & Operated Monday - Friday 8:00 A.M. - 5:00 P.M. If you are particular about your car, then you should be particular about your car's servicing. People throughout this area go out of their way to stop in at JIM'S TIRE & AUTO, because they know that these professionals are completely familiar with all models and makes of automobiles and can handle anything from a tune-up to an oil change, brakes, major repair or overhaul. They also feature name brand tires. So, the next time you're in the area, stop in at JIM'S TIRE & AUTO, the service center that "Cares" for you and your car. They are located at 291 Washington St. in Barnwell, phone 803-259-5036. We, the editors of this 2009 Historical Review, are pleased to be able to list JIM'S TIRE & AUTO among the area's leading businesses. Everyone at JIM'S TIRE & AUTO thanks their customers for placing their complete trust and confidence in them, and reminds you they are of service to the entire area!

non gratum anus rodentum

Gentlemen/Ladies: Operation America is seeking the donation of Honorable Discharge certificates of deceased veterans for research and preservation. Every document donated will be thoroughly researched, preserved, and used as the basis for a biography describing the veteran’s life and service. Eventually, our archives will be transferred to the custody of the Smithsonian Institution for the use of all Americans. Due to the tragic 1973 fire in St. Louis, Missouri, the only surviving evidence of a veteran’s service is his/her Honorable Discharge certificate. Each year we “rescue” hundreds of documents cast into garbage dumps or exploited on the internet auctions. We ask your help in getting these historic documents into our archives for preservation and study. Your help will be deeply appreciated. We welcome your questions, comments, or suggestions.

church building was erected on the southeast corner of Washington and Franklin Streets. Mr. Edwin Augustus Hagood and Dr. James O'Hear Hagood gave the land with a specification that there would be no burial of members on the property. The lumber was cut from the old Short Staple Farm of Mr. Hagood and was sawed at the famous Hagood Mill. The heart of pine timbers were put together with wooden pegs. The outside door on the left opened to a stairway leading to the slave balcony. The pulpit was raised very high in order to reach this gallery where slaves from the plantations of the Gantts, Hays, and Hagoods worshipped. After Sherman's "vandals," on their march from Savannah to Columbia, burned most of the dwellings in Barnwell including the court house, the sanctuary was converted into a court house and continued to be used as such until 1880 when a new court house was completed. In 1891, lightning completely destroyed the steeple severly damaging the building. The steeple was never replaced and the church fell into a state of disrepair making it impossible for services to be held there. Instead meetings took place in the homes of members. In the late 1930's, the building was renovated and bi-monthly services were held in the church. With the development of the Savannah River Project in the 1950's, the church saw tremendous growth. Barnwell Presbyterians began calling their first full-time pastors. In 1967, members signed a contract for construction of a new sanctuary to be built on the site of the historic church. At this time the Presbyterians gave the church building to The Barnwell County Historical Commission and it was moved to its present location on Academy Street where it is used today as a center for the performing arts (The Circle Theatre). The building is listed onThe National Register of Historic Places.

Sincerely, Warren Shanks McEachern

M&M GLASS SERVICE, INC. Got a broken windshield? See M & M GLASS SERVICE, INC., the auto specialists, at 167 Vintage Dr. in Williston, phone 803-259-0329 or 1-866-559-9721, and have it replaced by experts! Many types of auto repairs can be performed by anyone with proper tools and complete instructions. Replacing a windshield is the exception to this rule. Trust your car to the professionals at this fine shop. The fact that M & M GLASS SERVICE, INC. is recommended by most insurance adjusters is a good indication that they do the best work in town. Ask your insurance man! Regardless of what type of car or truck you have, this firm can replace the glass in it quickly and inexpensively. They are also experts in commercial and residential, glass store fronts, table tops, rock chip repairs, mirrors and much more. They also offer emergency service and are just a phone call away. Boat, farm and industrial machinery glass can be done with expedience, too! As the editors of this 2009 Historical Review, we are pleased to list M & M GLASS SERVICE, INC. among the area's leading businesses. Everyone at M & M GLASS SERVICE, INC. thanks their customers for past business and support, and reminds you they are of service to the entire area!

PAGE 9

The Year We Had Two Thanksgivings in November to be Thanksgiving, but that is not the case. Although Americans had celebrated days of thanksgiving before, it was not until 1863 when President Lincoln began the observance of Thanksgiving in November. The following letters are just a few of the thousands of letters President Roosevelt received regarding his decision to move Thanksgiving up one week:

Document Transcripts On Thanksgiving Day, November 23, 1939, Franklin Roosevelt carved the turkey at the annual Thanksgiving Dinner at Warm Springs, Georgia, and wished all Americans across the country a Happy Thanksgiving. Unfortunately, his greeting went unanswered in some states; many Americans were not observing Thanksgiving on the same day as the President. Instead, they were waiting to carve their turkeys on the following Thursday because November 30th in many states was the official Thanksgiving Day. Two Thanksgivings? Why were Americans celebrating a national holiday on two different days? At the beginning of Franklin Roosevelt's presidency, Thanksgiving was not a fixed holiday; it was up to the President to issue a Thanksgiving Proclamation to announce what date the holiday would fall on. However, Thanksgiving was always the last Thursday in November because that was the day President Abraham Lincoln observed the holiday when he declared Thanksgiving a national holiday in 1863. Franklin Roosevelt continued that tradition, but he soon found that tradition was difficult to keep in extreme circumstances such as the Great Depression. His first Thanksgiving in office, 1933, fell on November 30th, the last day of the month, because November had five Thursdays that year. Since statistics showed that most people did not do their Christmas shopping until after Thanksgiving, business leaders feared they would lose money, especially during the Depression, because there were only 24 shopping days between Thanksgiving and Christmas. They asked Franklin Roosevelt to make Thanksgiving one week earlier. President Roosevelt ignored those concerns in 1933, but when Thanksgiving once again threatened to fall on the last day of November in 1939, FDR reconsidered the request and moved the date of Thanksgiving up one week. Thanksgiving 1939 would be held, President Roosevelt proclaimed, on November 23rd and not November 30th. Changing the date of Thanksgiving seemed harmless enough, but in actuality proved quite controversial. It was so upsetting that thousands of letters poured into the White House once President Roosevelt announced the date change. Some retailers were pleased because they hoped the extra week of Christmas shopping would increase profits, but smaller businesses complained they would lose business to larger stores. Other companies that depended on Thanksgiving as the last Thursday of November lost money; calendar makers were the worst hit because they printed calendars years in advance and FDR made their calendars out of date for the next two years. Schools were also disrupted by Roosevelt's decision; most schools had already scheduled vacations and annual Thanksgiving Day football games by the time they learned of Thanksgiving's new date and had to decide whether or not to reschedule everything. Moreover, many Americans were angry that Roosevelt tried to alter such a long-standing tradition and American values just to help businesses make more money.* As opposition grew, some states took matters into their own hands and defied the Presidential Proclamation. Some governors declared November 30th as Thanksgiving. And so, depending upon where one lived, Thanksgiving was celebrated on the 23rd and the 30th. This was worse than changing the date in the first place because families that lived in states such as New York did not have the same day off as family members in states such as Connecticut! Family and friends were unable to celebrate the holiday together. Franklin Roosevelt observed Thanksgiving on the second to last Thursday of November for two more years, but the amount of public outrage prompted Congress to pass a law on December 26, 1941, ensuring that all Americans would celebrate a unified Thanksgiving on the fourth Thursday of November every year. *Many Americans at the time believed that the Pilgrims chose the last Thursday

Letter from Downtown Association of Los Angeles Downtown Association of Los Angeles 426 G. Bartlett Building | Seventh and Spring Telephone Vandike 1428 October 2, 1933 Hon. Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the United States, White House, Washington, D.C. Dear Mr. President: Thanksgiving, this year, according to the usual custom, would fall upon November 30th, the last Thursday in November, which would leave but twenty shopping days before Christmas. It is an established fact that Christmas buying begins vigorously every year in the retail stores the day following Thanksgiving and that the Thanksgiving to Christmas period is the busiest retail period of the whole year. The Downtown Association of Los Angeles feels that Abraham Lincoln's Proclamation of 1864 setting aside a day for Thanksgiving to be the 4th or last Thursday in November of each year can be carried out to the letter by designating in your Thanksgiving Proclamation this year, November 23rd, the fourth Thursday in November as the day of Thanksgiving. You will appreciate the importance that an additional week incorporated in this great holiday season will have upon the distribution activities of the entire United States and the added impetus that will be given thereby to the efforts of the administration and the N.R.A. to increase employment and purchasing power. The Downtown Association of Los Angeles respectfully requests your consideration of this practical suggestion, believing that your approval would have the deep appreciation of the merchants of the entire country. Respectfully yours, Dain Sturges Secretary. -----------------------------------------------------------------------Telegram from Richman Brothers WESTERN UNION TELEGRAM 1933 OCT 13 AM 10 31 HA154 108 DL=WUX CLEVELAND OHIO 13 1021A PRESIDENT FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT= THE WHITE HOUSE WASHDC= AS AMERICAS LARGEST CLOTHING MANUFACTURERS WE DESIRE TO EXPRESS OUR EMPHATIC PROTEST AGAINST THE SELFISH ATTEMPT OF A SMALL GROUP OF STORES TO CHANGE THE DATE OF THANKSGIVING DAY <STOP> QUITE ASIDE FROM THE HALLOWED TRADITIONAL REASON WE BELIEVE THE PROPOSED CHANGE WOULD HURT MORE MERCHANTS THAN IT WOULD HELP <STOP> IT WOULD SHORTEN THE SEASON AND CURTAIN THE FALL BUSINESS OF CLOTHES AND ALL SEASONABLE GOODS FOR THE BENEFIT OF NOVELTY AND SMALL GIFT ITEMS <STOP> UNDER THE CIRCUMSTANCES WE BELIEVE NOTHING IS TO GAINED FOR THE BUSINESS AND INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE OF THE COUNTRY AS A WHOLE AND WE EARNESTLY URGE YOU TO DISREGARD THIS SELFISH DEMAND= THE RICHMAN BROTHERS CO. ------------------------------------------------------------------------

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BAMBERG COUNTY AREA continued from below

BAMBERG COUNTY FIRST SETTLED IN 1670 For some years after South Carolina was first settled in 1670 the area of what is now Bamberg County was inhabited only by the Indians and occasionally the patrols of the Indian Police. In 1682 old Colleton County was established and from that date until 1768, the area was included within its boundaries, which then extended from the sea to the North Carolina line. Until after the Revolutionary War, settlement in the Bamberg County area, was very sparce due to its inaccessibility between the then impregnable swamps and waters of the Edisto and Salkehatchi Rivers. Between 1753 and 1759 some surveys were made along Colstons Branch and the forks of the nearby Salkehatchie; according to Robert L. Meriweather, Historian. The Ford family received early grants along Lemon Creek and the Salkehatchie; some of their lands purchased in 1775 by William Dowling and are still retained by his heirs. Another early area to be settled was in and around Buford’s Bridge. A group of German-Dutch settled on the Savannah Branch in the southeastern portion of the county. Orangeburg District was formed in 1768 and Bamberg County was then included in its area. There were no major battles of the Revolution fought on Bamberg County soil, although almost every family of the early pioneers can relate incidents of the murder of a member by roving bands of Tories. Hundreds of British and German soldiers liked South Carolina so well that they either remained or returned here to live. Among these was the first of the Bamberg family, George Bamberg. After the war, the German-Swiss emigrants who settled Orangeburg Township began spreading out further from the village, and many of the citizens of today bear the names of these pioneers as recorded by the Rev. Giessandanner, baptisms, marriages, and burial services from 1737 to 1761. Orangeburg District developed so rapidly that by 1785 it was divided into four counties, one of which was Winton. It is generally thought that the Bamberg County area was included within the bounds of Winton County. Winton County was short lived and replaced by Barnwell County in 1798. Bamberg was to remain a portion of old Barnwell District for ninety-nine years. The area flourished and reached what a local historian, Graham Copeland, describes as its “Golden Era.” Then William Gilmore Simms married the daughter of the owner of Woodlands and came here to live, bringing with him a cortege of intellectual friends. The coming of the S.C. Canal and Railroad Company through the County in 1833 prompted the growth along its tracks of the villages of Midway, Bamberg (Lowery's Turn Out) and Denmark (Graham's Turn Out). With the War of Secession clouds began to gather, Bamberg County area furnished three prominent men to the Secession Convention in 1861. David F. Jamison was president of the Secession Convention, and delegates included Lewis Malone Ayers, Jr. and Joseph Josiah Brabham. Sherman’s army practically devastated the county after the Battle of Rivers Bridge, Simms described his march through the county “As if it had been swept by a forest fire.” Then followed the dark days of reconstruction with Federal Troops stationed at Barnwell and Midway continually patroling the county. Records indicate light KU KLUX KLAN activity in the area, but a few years later, almost all the able bodied men belonged to the Red Shirts, an organization which openly concerned themselves for the most part with political affairs of the state. With the election of Wade Hampton as governor in 1876, conditions again returned to normality. In 1890-91 the Southbound Railroad Company completed its Columbia-Savannah line and crossed the S.C. Railroad about a mile west of Graham's Turn Out; this created an intersection and was responsible for the later settlement of Denmark to move from its original site. In 1893-94, the Manchester and Augusta Railroad completed a stretch crossing the other railroads near the town, and the result was that Denmark became a railroad center of some prominence. Major E.R. Hayes, General F.M. Bamberg, Dr. J.B. Black, and Messrs. H.J. Brabham, H.C. Folk, J.F. Folk, J.B. Hunter, T.J. Counts, and J.M. Dickinson were the commissioners appointed to take the necessary steps in the formation of the new county of Bamberg. In 1897 a circular in the form of an affidavit was distributed citing the fact that there was on deposit in the Bamberg Banking Company a sum of money sufficient for the town of Bamberg to provide, without cost to the proposed county, a suitable site for the construction of a county courthouse and a county jail. This statement was signed by F.M. Bamberg, E.R. Hays, and H.J. Brabham, and sworn to before H.C. Folk, notary public. The people of the area voted for the creation of the new county at an election held January 19, 1897, the birthdate of General Robert E. Lee. As a result of the election the Legislature passed an Act on February 25, 1897 establishing Bamberg County, and that the “Registration Books” and territory embraced within the stated limits be turned over (by Barnwell District) December 31, 1897 and that said County of Bamberg be fully created and established on that date. The new county was named for General Francis Marion Bamberg. Senator S.C. Mayfield was serving as a senator from Barnwell District and upon the formation of the new county wherein he resided, he resigned and was re-elected as Bamberg County’s first senator. continued above

Bamberg was the home of Carlisle Military School, a boys military boarding school from 1892 until 1977. Francis Marion Bamberg, for whom the county of Bamberg was named, was born June 27, 1838, the son of John Frederick and Cynthia Atterburg Bamberg, and the grandson of John George Bamberg, immigrant from Prussia. He enlisted in 1861 as a probate in Hart’s Battery of light artillery during the War Between the States and served throughout the war, attaining the rank of first lieutenant. His battery was in more engagements than any other in the service and he accompanied it in all of them. In November of 1865, he married Miss Mary Ann Jennings of Orangeburg, S.C. and they were the parents of 9 children. As a Brigadier General on the Staff of Governor Wade Hampton, Mr. Bamberg gained the title of “General” by which he was always known. He was engaged in the mercantile and livestock businesses, and was president of the Bamberg Banking Company. General Bamberg was one of Bamberg’s most influential businessmen, and a philanthropist, donating generously to many Bamberg institutions and investing in enterprises to assist the growth of the county. He died April 13, 1905 and is interred in Southend Cemetery in Bamberg

Sunday - Saturday – 7:00 A.M. - 9:00 P.M. Store Manager – Jason Torrence For quality groceries, reasonable prices and outstanding service, it's the PIGGLY WIGGLY at 3386 Railroad Ave. in Bamberg, phone 803-245-3168. This full line grocery features everything the modern family needs for complete nutrition and great eating. With outstanding values in selected meats and personal service behind the counter, this well-known store boasts a meat department which has become very famous in the local area. Their produce is also among the finest with constant attention being paid to freshness and cleanliness. Canned goods, bakery products, dairy items, sundries, dry goods and everything else you need is displayed with skill and pride. In compiling this 2009 Historical Review of leading businesses and markets throughout the area, we, the writers are pleased to be able to include this customer-oriented grocery to all of our readers! Jason and everyone at PIGGLY WIGGLY thank their customers for past business and support, and invite you to shop with them soon!

BAMBERG COUNTY AREA

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Town Of Olar Olar was once the home of the largest lumber mill in the south and it really put the town on the map. Known as the Schofield Lumber Co., located on the big Salkehatchie River, the company brought in a number of workers from the Scandinavian countries which accounts for some of the names of the neighboring towns -- Denmark, Norway, Sweden and Finland. The town was originally known as Hammond, which was chartered in 1889. Three years later the name was changed to Olar, in honor of Olar Morris, daughter of Robert Morris, when the town learned that there was another Hammond in South Carolina.

Town Of Govan Govan may be the smallest town in Bamberg County, but it has made more than its share of historical contributions to the area. With a population of only 109 according to the latest figures available, Govan is named for John Govan, who settled in the area about 1775. Historically, one well-known name in the area was Bishop Holland Nimmons McTyeire, who was born in Govan in 1824. McTyeire was the chief agent of Vanderbilt University. The famed philanthropist, Cornelius Vanderbilt, endowed the institution on one condition—that McTyeire would serve as its first president. This he did. The colonial home of Mr. and Mrs. Frank D. Garrett is typical of many in the South. Known then as the Samuel Hartzog home, it is said that Mrs. Hartzog was in bed with a newborn son when Sherman's Army came in 1865. Troops pretended to hang the master of the home and they took all food stuffs, animals and poultry. A slave girl retrieved one of the cows so that the infant would have milk. The late Dr. L.A. Hartzog, a horse and buggy doctor, in 1909, was a product of Govan and is representative of all consecrated doctors. A devout churchman, he was Sunday School superintendent for over 50 years and served as director of the Bamberg and Barnwell County Health Departments for 16 years and president of the Rivers Bridge Memorial Association for over 20 years.

Town Of Ehrhardt Ehrhardt is a small town in the southern part of Bamberg County. Its population of 700 is deceptive because of the major influence that agriculture plays in the community activities. The farmland surrounding the small town is some of the richest land in the South and most of the people who call Ehrhardt home live on their farms outside of the city limits. Principal crops produced in the community are corn and soybeans. But, in addition, it has one of the largest potato farms in the Southeast. Potatoes, both sweet and Irish, are grown, packed and shipped to all sections of the eastern United States from Ehrhardt. Watermelons are another major cash crop grown near here. During the summer months, large tractor-trailer trucks are loaded daily from farms in the area for shipment to markets in the Northeast. Diversification of agriculture is practiced by farmers in the community. Besides their row crops, they raise beef cattle and swine. Rivers Bridge State Park, about six miles from Ehrhardt, was the scene of one of the largest battles in the War Between the States in South Carolina. A small band of Confederate Soldiers held up Sherman's march to Columbia at the site. Commemorative ceremonies are held on Southern Confederate Day each year. The park has swimming, camping, picnicking,etc. and a museum. The town is named for Conrad Ehrhardt who settled in the area about 1851. With the extension of a branch line of the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad to the town in 1898, lots were sold in the area and the town was incorporated that year.

Bamberg County Library The Bamberg County Library was established in 1945 by the unification of the Bamberg City Library, which had been operated by the Friday Afternoon Book Club and the Bamberg County Free Library, which was operated by the WPA. The Friday Afternoon Book Club had initiated library service in Bamberg by opening a small library in 1922. The library was located on the campus of the Carlisle Military School and remained in that location until 1924 when it was moved to the second floor of the Bamberg City Hall. A paid librarian was employed until 1931 when, due to the Depression, funds were no longer available for a salary. At this time Mrs. G. Frank Bamberg, "Miss Nell", volunteered to assume responsibility for keeping the library open. For fourteen years from 1931 to 1945 she served continued above

as librarian without compensation. Under her direction the library grew and was used so heavily by the public that the need for a special library building to house the service became urgent. Although in the midst of the Great Depression, the Friday Afternoon Book Club undertook a building campaign and managed to raise the money for a lot and building materials. The Reconstruction Finance Corporation supplied the labor. The entire community participated in the effort to raise the funds for the library building. The new building was completed early in the summer of 1933. In 1945 with the consolidation of the Bamberg County Free Library and the Bamberg City Library, the building became headquarters for the new Bamberg County Library system. In spite of limited funds, the Board of the Bamberg County Library was determined to improve library service for the people of the whole county, and with this in mind explored the possibility of becoming a member of the Aiken-BambergBarnwell-Edgefield Regional Library. With membership in the regional library and the additional services this made possible for the people of the county, it was soon apparent that a more adequate library building was essential if services were to continue to improve and expand. A commodious site on the corner of North Street and Railroad Avenue was secured. A grant of $50,000 to the project was made by the State Library from LSCA funds under its administration, local matching funds were secured, and a new building was completed in 1969. As a member of a large regional library, Bamberg shares the resources, training opportunities, and the direction of an expert staff of professional librarians. Rural Bamberg County is served on a regular basis by the regional bookmobile. The Denmark Library is a member of the county library system. It has recently moved into new and commodious quarters in the community center building in Denmark. The Bamberg County Library has become a real community center for local activities. Art Shows are a regular thing and through a program funded by the South Carolina Committee for the Humanities, such outstanding South Carolina authors as William Price Fox, Ben Greer, Elizabeth Boatwright Coker and Alice Cabiness have been brought in for literary evenings at the library. The library also serves as the center for the annual flower show in Bamberg County. The Bamberg County Library enjoys unusual community support. The country ranks second in the state percentage of income allotted to library service and two bequests from wills of local persons interested in the library have been received.

Bamberg Medical Equipment & Supplies Has a member of your family or a friend been stricken with an illness or injury which requires specific treatments or equipment? To help them get back on their feet again, you may need the services of BAMBERG MEDICAL EQUIPMENT & SUPPLIES at 3109 Main Hwy. in Bamberg, phone 803-245-1708. This reputable firm features such sickroom supplies as oxygen equipment, hospital beds, traction rigging, and much, much more. Their reasonable rates and considerate service have won them the respect of leading physicians and clinics. BAMBERG MEDICAL EQUIPMENT & SUPPLIES offers pick-up and delivery service and 24 hour emergency service to their customers. The road to recovery is a lot smoother with this respected firm’s help. The writers of this 2009 Historical Review are proud to include BAMBERG MEDICAL EQUIPMENT & SUPPLIES along with the area's other leading businesses. Everyone at BAMBERG MEDICAL EQUIPMENT & SUPPLIES thanks their customers for past business and support, and reminds you they are of service to the entire area!

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AIKEN & ORANGEBURG COUNTY AREA

Look for this sign!

we install Quality nApA parts

DIRECT CARPETS Proudly Serving This Area Over 30 Years Locally Owned & Operated By Jerry & Robin Weaver Monday - Friday 9:00 A.M. - 6:00 P.M. Carpet is one of the major items in the interior decoration of any home or office. Be sure that you do business with the area's leading carpet dealer: DIRECT CARPETS! You'll get sound advice, the finest carpeting and expert installation in one convenient stop. Located in Orangeburg at 328 John C. Calhoun Dr./Hwy. 301 North, phone 803-536-5260, they also specialize in hardwood, ceramic tile and laminates. This reliable community leader features name brand carpeting for every room in your home or office. Their selection is very complete, and they will offer many helpful tips as to which style to use and what's the best value for the money. See them for all your floor covering needs. In compiling this Historical Review for 2009, we would like to take this opportunity to offer our congratulations to DIRECT CARPETS for their part in the growth of the community. Jerry, Robin and the staff thank their customers for past business and support, and remind you they are of service to the entire area!

AUTO TECH, INC. A FAmily Owned & OperAted Business serVinG AiKen COunty OVer 13 yeArs • ALL IMPORT & DOMESTIC REPAIRS & MAINTENANCE • SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE SERVICE AT reAsOnABle rAtes • COMPUTERIZED DIAGNOSTIC SERVICE • PROFESSIONAL & EXPERIENCED

803-643-9266 460 silVer BluFF rd.

AiKen

STEVE YOUNG & ALL THE STAFF AT AUTO TECH, INC. THANK THEIR CUSTOMERS FOR PAST BUSINESS & SUPPORT, & WISH ALL A HAPPY HOLIDAY SEASON!

Shop With Us For All Of Your Holiday Gift Needs or Online At: www.walmart.com

Manager - Peggy Nemeth From the moment you step into WALMART SUPERCENTER, you know you’re dealing with a retailer who really knows how to treat a customer right! The courteous personnel, the well designed displays, the fantastic values throughout the store, and a host of other features make this one of the area’s foremost stores! Located at 2795 North Rd. in Orangeburg, phone 803-533-0645, this is one store where the customer always comes first! You may choose from one of the region’s best assortments of values in clothing, home goods, furniture, toys, items for your car or truck, and much more. There’s something for everyone at WALMART SUPERCENTER! They also have a full line grocery department, produce department, deli, meat department, bakery and more. Shop this well-known store often. You’ll save money, and you’ll really enjoy the courtesy and consideration that’s cheerfully extended to everyone who walks in. The authors of this 2009 Historical Review are proud to be able to list the name WALMART SUPERCENTER along with the other leading firms in the area. Peggy and all the associates at WALMART SUPERCENTER thank their customers for past business and support, and remind you they are of service to the entire area!

KAREN'S TAX SERVICE Locally Owned & Operated By Karen Bond Proudly Serving You In Aiken County Tax Service & Small Business Accounting Do yourself and your business a favor this year and contract the services of KAREN'S TAX SERVICE: one of the area's leading tax consultants. Located at 265 Chalk Bed Rd. in Graniteville, phone 803-6638845, this is one tax service which gives just that: SERVICE! They are always studying the new laws and scrutinizing all of the problems which are prevalent in both business and personal tax situations. Place your complete trust in their experience and you won't be disappointed. KAREN'S TAX SERVICE will do your quarterly returns as well as your yearly ones and they're open year round for consultation on any tax or accounting question. The writers of this 2009 Historical Review urge you to make this recognized firm YOUR personal tax consultant. We don't think you'll have any worries about taxes with this outstanding concern on the job! Everyone at KAREN'S TAX SERVICE thanks their clients for past business and support, reminds you they are of service to the entire area, and wishes you a Happy Thanksgiving and upcoming holiday season!

AIKEN & ORANGEBURG COUNTY AREA

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S WITH U R SHOP U O Y F LL O A R O F EDS! AY NE om HOLID .c almart www.w

Manager - David Zielinski One of the friendliest stores in town is WALMART SUPERCENTER! Here's the place you've been looking for, if you like the kind of store where courtesy and service are bywords of business, and the selection is ultra-complete. Located at 3581 Richland Ave. in North Aiken, phone 803-648-5551, this full line variety store has more to offer! Groceries, housewares, toys, games, hardware, cosmetics, drugs, school supplies, stationery, gifts, candy, fabrics, and notions are among the many essential items featured here. The prices are just as low as anywhere else, and smart shoppers keep a regular list of needed goods in order to be able to pick them up in one convenient stop. Personal service is an important part of the business operated by this concern. If YOU want to shop where selection and service are at their best, the editors of this 2009 Historical Review are happy to list WALMART SUPERCENTER of North Aiken, along with other leading businesses in the area! David and all of the associates thank their customers for past business and support, look forward to serving you in the future, and wish all of you a happy holiday season!

Locally Owned & Operated By Charlton Ardis

SERVIN BREAK G FA ANYTIM ST E ALL D AY!

Since 1953, in the small, rural central Oklahoma town of Shawnee, SONIC has been growing into the largest drive-in chain in America, currently with over 3,000 locations in 30 states - and even two in Monterrey, Mexico. SONIC is located in Orangeburg at 2564 North Rd., phone 803-534-5070, for call-in orders. SONIC has the basics - burgers, fries, and soft drinks - but they do it with a TWIST. A twist of lime that is. Or lemon. Or strawberries. Or chocolate. Or even blue-coconut. SONIC has 168,904 flavor-added drink combinations, as well as delicious Coca-Cola! Come on in for Happy Hour from 2:00 P.M. - 4:00 P.M. - 1/2 price drinks and slushes only. You could choose the All-American favorite Super Sonic Burger, or try something different like the Chicken Club Toaster. The Onion Rings here are fresh and the Extra Long Cheese Coney is perhaps the staple of SONIC’s food variety, along with their crispy tater tots! And don’t forget dessert - SONIC has a wide selection with everything from banana splits to hot fudge sundaes. Shakes come in the basic variety, but you have to try a Banana Cream Pie! SONIC even has breakfast. Items like Breakfast Toaster Sandwiches, and the Breakfast Burrito are available all day, from 7:00 A.M. until closing. The food at SONIC DRIVE-IN is so delicious and the service so great, that you will want to make dining at this fast, fabulous drive-in a regular habit. “Remember, you can only have a Blast From The Past at SONIC DRIVE-IN!” Everyone at SONIC DRIVE-IN thanks their customers for past business and support, and invites the entire area to dine with them soon!

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ORANGEBURG COUNTY AREA continued from below

HISTORIC HOMES, CHURCHES, CEMETERIES, & SITES

and their son, John Miller, Jr.) Claflin University is one of the oldest historical Black universities in the State of South Carolina. There are several buildings which are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Three buildings in the Claflin University Historic District on Highway 601 hold particular interest for the students of history. Lee Library, Tingley Memorial Hall, and Ministers Hall date from the turn of the century and each displays an individual architectural style executed with distinction. Two buildings were erected before the turn of the century - Trustee Hall (1895) and Lee Library (1898). Additionally, Bowen Hall, Tingley Hall and Ministers Hall were built in 1900, 1908 and 1919, respectively. Claflin University can boast more

Many old homes and churches in Orangeburg County have survived time and are steeped in the history of the area. The following are some of the more historically significant: Middleton Plantation, or the Donald Bruce House, the oldest home in the county, was built in 1735. The house and grounds can be seen from Highway 301 about two miles north of the Orangeburg city limits. Judge Glover's Home on Whitman Street in continued on page 15 Orangeburg was used as headquarters by General William T. Sherman on February 12, 1865. Built in 1846 by Thomas Glover (1798-1884), teacher, lawyer, legislator, circuit judge and signer of the Ordinance of Secession, the house originally fronted on Russell Street, but has been remodeled several times over the years. Trinity United Methodist Church was founded in January, 1866 as Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church and was built where the Orangeburg County Courthouse now stands. The present structure on Boulevard was begun in 1928 and completed in 1944. Materials portraying the original church are available and can be viewed by visitors. Williams Chapel African Methodist Episcopal Church, located at 1198 Glover Street was organized in 1873. The church was first located on Market Street (now Middleton Street). Miller F. Whittaker, the first black architect practicing in South Carolina prepared plans for the present building in 1915. Two college presidents at South Carolina State College (now South Carolina State University) and an AME Bishop were members of the church. The church was entered in the National Register of Historic Places, September 20, 1985. Walnut Grove Baptist Church, a branch of Four Holes Baptist Church in present Orangeburg Monday - Friday 8:00 A.M. - 5:00 P.M. County from 1820 to 1869, was admitted to the Charleston Association in 1869 and joined the Saturday 8:00 A.M. - 12:00 Noon Orangeburg Association in 1913. Located on S-38-92 four miles south of U.S. Highway 301, the present structure was built in 1883. The foundation sills are pegged together and the seats and Service! That's the main product at ROBINSON'S backs of the pews are hand planed solid wide borders. AUTOMOTIVE SERVICE, where the customer always comes White House Church is located on U.S. Highway 301 ten miles north of Orangeburg. The deed by first! Anytime you stop into this friendly garage at 940 Whitman which a four acre tract of land (on which White House Church stood, along with an earlier structure St. in Orangeburg, phone 803-536-4458, you can look forward known as the "White Meeting House") is the earliest documented record of Methodism in Orangeburg to some of the very finest repairs on your auto or truck in this County. The church and property were given to the Methodist Episcopal Church on October 1, 1790. area. You'll sure be treated right. They specialize in major repairs, In 1801 and 1803, the society was visited by Francis Asbury, pioneer Bishop of American their master technician is ASE certified, and has built up a long Methodism. list of satisfied customers and the reason is that business goes Zion Church, five miles south of Orangeburg on U.S. Highway 301, is believed to be one of the where it is invited and stays where it is well-treated. That accounts earliest Methodist churches in the area. The original building was built before the Civil War and in a very large measure for their success. replaced in the 1880s. In about 1843, appointed ministers replaced circuit riders. Early in the 1930s, Remember, for fast, dependable repairs call ROBINSON'S Zion was abandoned as a full-time church when its members moved to nearby Cope and AUTOMOTIVE SERVICE. Orangeburg. The writers of this 2009 Historical Review are pleased to list The Pioneer Graveyard on Bull Street in Orangeburg was the burial site for many early inhabitants ROBINSON'S AUTOMOTIVE SERVICE among the area's leadfrom the first settlement of Orangeburg Township in 1735 until the founding of various denomina- ing businesses. tional cemeteries. This first church in the Orangeburg area was erected soon after settlement began Everyone at ROBINSON'S AUTOMOTIVE SERVICE thanks by the Swiss and German settlers of the Reverend John Giessendanner's congregation. their customers for past business and support, and looks forward The Grave of Major John Majorbanks was located where the British army encamped at Wantcot to being of service to the entire area! Plantation, home of Daniel Ravenel, after the Battle of Eutaw Springs. Now under Lake Moultrie, it was about 25 miles southeast of St. John's Parish, five miles west of Bonneau. Major Majorbanks died and was buried there on October 22, 1781. The grave was moved to a site on SC Highway 6, 2.5 miles east of Eutawville at Eutaw Springs in 1941 by the South Carolina Public Service Authority. The Old Presbyterian Cemetery, located on Doyle St. across Professional Service Since 1971 from the Orangeburg County Courthouse in downtown Orangeburg, •RESIDENTIAL •COMMERCIAL is the resting place of many members of the First Presbyterian Church of Orangeburg and most notably, David Jamison, founder •INDUSTRIAL of the Citadel, President of the South Carolina Secession Authorized Dealer Convention. The first two pastors, six founders of the church, sev• Burglar • Fire • Security Cameras • Hold Up enteen Confederate veterans, and one Spanish American War veteran are interred in the cemetery in addition to about 250 othALSO OFFERING: ers. Restoration of the cemetery, that was established in 1835, • WHOLE HOUSE STEREO • HOME THEATER began in 1997. Over fifty grave stones have been repaired and restoration work is ongoing. Miller Cemetery, located on S-38-122, one-half mile east of Jameson, is the burial site of the Miller family from the early 1800s. The genealogical connections of this family, with many of 2006 2004 2005 2009 2008 2007 Orangeburg District's oldest families, make it historically significant to this area. The three remaining gravestones were erected in 1836 to John Miller (1750-1824; his wife, Margaret Ott Miller;

ROBINSON'S AUTOMOTIVE SERVICE

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HISTORIC HOMES, CHURCHES - continued from page 14

Edisto Memorial Gardens

In the early 1920s, the first azaleas were planted on a five acre plat. In 1947, greenhouse and nursery facilities were added to the garden operation. The Rose Garden was added in January 1951 to extend the season of beauty and today Edisto Memorial Gardens is composed of one hundred and ten acres of azaleas, camellias, roses and other flowers spaced among giant oaks and century old Cypress trees. Always on display are some 3,200 plants representing at least 75 labeled varieties of roses. In 1950, the fountain was placed at the main entrance to the Gardens in memory of the soldiers who died in the 1st and 2nd World Wars, Korean War and more recently the Vietnam Conflict. At this time, the name was changed from Edisto Gardens to Edisto Memorial Gardens.

All-American Rose Selection Test Garden

Edisto Memorial Gardens was made an official test garden of the All-American Rose Selections, Inc. in 1973. One of the only 25 official test sites in the United States, the Garden is dedicated to recognizing up to five of the most desirable Hybrid rose introductions originating each year.

Water Wheel Edisto Memorial Gardens

This unique feature, a bit reminiscent of the rice paddy irrigation wheels of the Orient, adds not only interest to the landscape, but had performed an important utilitarian service since its installation in September 1941, by supplying water to a nearby lake. Designed by Mr. Andrew C. Dibble and constructed by Durham Bozard, the Water Wheel was renovated in October, 1987 by the Service Department of the City of Orangeburg.

The Edisto River

The Edisto River runs over 200 miles long which makes it the longest blackwater river in the world. The entire river runs through eight counties with the North fork going through Orangeburg County and the Memorial Gardens. The North fork is only passable by canoe, but what a canoe ride it is! It winds through some of the most scenic country you will ever discover. It is bordered by swamp forests with overhanging trees and an abundance of wildlife. There is a wide variety of birds and many alligators reside there. The river also runs through the Edisto Memorial Gardens where one can experience the beauty of flowers and wildlife all around them. There are also good spots in this area to picnic. One of the most popular canoe trips on the Edisto is a seven mile run between Shillings Bridge Road on SC Hwy. 74 and the Edisto Gardens. It has beautiful scenery and flatwaters for the novice. If you wish to have more of a challenge, there is a 12.3 continued on page 16

than its illustrious history. The campus is an evolving aesthetic center of architecture and landscaping. Claflin University welcomes guests to enjoy the atmosphere year round. Tingley Memorial Hall dates from 1908 and follows the design of William Wilson Cooke; Tingley and Lee are on the National Register of Historic Places. Tingley's Georgian architecture shows Cooke's command of radically different idioms. Intended as an academic facility, Tingley became the college administration building in 1913 when Fisk Hall burned. Recent interior modifications have retained the original blackboards and restored the warm pine woodwork. The cupola is the most recognizable symbol of Claflin. Tingley Memorial Hall is open to visitors during regular business hours. Ask in the President's Office to see the historic photographs exhibited in the Board Room. Ministers Hall is more restrained in design; its architect and builders unknown. The tablets on the gables announce it to be the "Dining Hall 1913"--a function it served until 1964. The wooden beams above the two-story commons are hand-beveled. The gables of Ministers Hall are replicated in Claflin's newest building, the adjoining Living and Learning Center, and will appear in new facades to the three women's residence halls. Lee Library celebrates its centennial this year. Built by industrial arts students from bricks fired on the campus, this Victorian gem boasts remarkable ornamentation in the masonry and retains its original pressed metal ceilings. The designer of the college's first library building was a Claflin graduate and then instructor, William Wilson Cooke. Lee Library, now the office of the Division of Humanities, is open to visitors during regular business hours. The Episcopal Church of the Epiphany, in Eutawville, was built in 1849 as a Chapel-of-ease to accommodate the residents of the summer village who made their homes in the cool pine forest of Eutaw from "....the blooming of the chinaberry tree each spring until the first hard frost of fall." While built by members of The Rocks Episcopal Church, it was also made available to the Methodist, Baptist and Presbyterian circuit preachers who occasionally came through the village. Epiphany Church is open daily from 8:00 a.m. until dark and visitors are always welcome. Call 803-492-7644 to arrange group tours.

The world's largest tax return specialists, H & R BLOCK has become synonymous with quality and a high standard of efficiency when it comes to preparing your personal and business returns. In Orangeburg, the H & R BLOCK offices are located at 2553 North Rd., phone 803-5311500, and at 1166 Magnolia St., phone 803-536-2015, and they're just waiting to help you with your tax problems. Whether you're filing an individual, joint, business or corporate return...they have the experience and the ability to get it done faster and better. You also have the H & R BLOCK guarantee of satisfaction. It's simply the best way to make an easy job out of the mountainous task of filling out your tax returns. The writers of this 2009 Historical Review urge all area residents to see H & R BLOCK this year at tax time. Everyone at H & R BLOCK thanks their customers for placing their complete trust and confidence in them, and reminds you they are of service to the entire area!

Andrae's Jewelers An up-to-date jeweler is indispensable to every community. ANDRAE’S JEWELERS has long been established as the area’s leading jeweler and one trip to this well-stock shop will show YOU why! Located at 1350 Grove Park Shopping Village in Orangeburg, phone 803-534-6834, this reliable merchant features jewelry of all types and the prevalent mood is QUALITY! At this fine shop, you’ll always find diamonds, watches, pins and other articles of jewelry with the kind of value you can see! They offer custom designed jewelry, jewelry appraisals, estate and consignment jewelry and jewelry repairs. They also buy gold, diamonds, broken jewelry and estate jewelry. Have a wedding in your future? ANDRAE’S JEWELERS can help! They feature the area’s finest selection of diamond wedding and engagement ring sets and also offer an exclusive bridal registry service to make gift-giving a lot easier. Drop by today and discover the beauty and value of their selection. The writers of this 2009 Historical Review for Orangeburg County urge everyone to make this respected jeweler their first stop for value and quality. Everyone at ANDRAE’S JEWELERS thanks their customers for past business and support, reminds you they are of service to the entire area, and wishes everyone a safe and happy holiday season!

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ORANGEBURG COUNTY AREA continued from below

Orangeburg County Holiday Calendar Of Events NOVEMBER 22 - Sights & Sounds of Christmas - Orangeburg Sponsored by DORA. Contact: Downtown Orangeburg Revitalization Association. Phone: (803) 531-6186 NOVEMBER 23-JANUARY 1, 2010 - Children's Garden Christmas & Kid's Walk Nov 23-Jan 1 - Edisto Memorial Gardens, Orangeburg, SC. Edisto Memorial Gardens will light up with the Children's Garden Christmas, a drive through display which hosts thousands of lights including still and animated displays such as Old Man Winter, a snowball fight, Santa and his elves, a Nativity Scene and more than 60 lighted cherry trees. Enjoy a stroll through the Kid's Walk which features interactive light displays including a hopping bunny, a squirrel and colorful Christmas trees. Open seven days a week from 5:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. Kid's Walk open from 5:00 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. Santa will be available for visits under the Gazebo at Centennial Park from 6:00 p.m.-8:00 p.m. Friday and Saturday evenings leading up to Christmas. No admission charge. Free and open to the public. Coordinated by the City of Orangeburg Parks and Recreation Department. Call: 803-533-6020. Phone: (803) 533-6020. DECEMBER 3 - RMC Auxiliary’s Annual Christmas Tree Lighting 6:00 PM - Regional Medical Center, 3000 St. Matthews Road, Admitting Lobby, Orangeburg, SC 29118 - This special fundraiser will benefit the Verna Martin Compassionate Care Program. For information on placing a light on the tree ($3 each) in honor or memory of someone, please call the RMC Volunteer Office at 395-2432. - Phone: (803) 395-2432. december 4 - santee Christmas Parade Entries Sought - Town of Santee. 194 Brooks Boulevard, Santee, SC 29142 - Time to start thinking about your entry for the 2009 Santee Christmas Parade. This year's theme is "Christmas in Santee". Entries will be accepted until Decamber 4th. For an entry form please contact Santee Town Hall at 803-584-2152 ext. 201 or 204. - Phone: (803) 8542152. DECEMBER 5 - Holly Hill 5th Annual Car Show - 9:00 AM TO 4:00 PM - Old State Road, Holly Hill, SC, 29059 - Custom and Classic car show Raffle door prized 50 / 50 raffle. Directions: From Columbia Take I-26 east to exit 177 Turn left onto 453 north go to red light turn left Will take you to the car show From Charleston take I-26 west to exit 177 Turn left onto 453 north go to red light turn left Will take you to the car show North or South on I-95 take I-95 to exit 90 GO East on Highway 176 Will bring you into center town to car show. Phone: 803-496-3330. December 5-6 - fifth Annual Christmas Prelude Festival - 10:00 AM TO 9:00 PM - 8603 Old State Road, Holly Hill , SC 29059 - Craft Show Food Venders Car Show Parade 12-5 at 11:am Street Dancing Carnival Rides Christmas Tree Lighting. Directions: From Columbia Take I-26 east to exit 177 Turn left onto 453 north go to red light turn left Will take you to the car show From Charleston take I-26 west to exit 177 Turn left onto 453 north go to red light turn left Will take you to the car show North or South on I-95 take I-95 to exit 90 GO East on Highway 176 Will bring you into center town to car show. Phone: 803-496-3330. December 5 - breakfast with Santa - Sponsored by Orangeburg County Council on Aging - 9:00 AM TO 10:30 AM - 2570 St. Matthews Road, Orangeburg, SC 29118 - Bring your family and friends to enjoy Breakfast continued above

with Santa. Children can visit with Santa and fill his ear with their Christmas wish list. After breakfast everyone will be treated to a magic show by magician Chris Campbell. All children in attendance will receive a special gift. Tickets are $4.00 each through Wednesday, December 2nd and may be purchased at the City of Orangeburg Parks and Recreation Department, 367 Green Street or the Council on Aging on St. Matthews Road. Tickets purchased after December 2nd will be $6.00 each while supplies last. Cinnamon rolls and sausage biscuits will be served as well as orange juice, coffee, and milk. Phone: 803-533-6020. December 5 - small Town Christmas - Elloree - Elloree, SC - Contact: Town of Elloree website www.elloreesc.com or call 803-897-2821. Phone: (803) 534-6821. December 6 - oliday Tour of Homes - 2:00 PM TO 6:00 PM - Elloree Heritage Museum & Cultural Center, 2714 Cleveland Street, Elloree, SC 29047 The Elloree Heritage Museum & Cultural Center will hold it's annual Holiday Tour of Homes featuring 5 homes in the Santee Cooper Resort. Tickets are $25 and available at many ticket outlets and the museum. Refreshments and a Holiday Bazaar will be available at the Santee Cooper Resort clubhouse. Phone: 803-8972225. December 11 - christmas Dance & Dinner - Elks Lodge - DJ Jim Bowers - 6:30 PM - Orangeburg Elks Lodge #897, 1720 Joe S Jeffords Hwy., Orangeburg, SC 29115 - Members and Guest are welcome. Steak Dinner from 6:30 to 8:30 Dance from 8:00 to 12:00. Live Music - Men of Distinction Only $10.00 For more information call 803-534-7350. Phone: (803) 534-7350. December 12 - holiday Victorian Tea - 2:00 PM TO 4:00 PM - Elloree Heritage Museum & Cultural Center, 2714 Cleveland Street, Elloree, SC 29047 The Elloree Heritage Museum & Cultural Center will hold it's Holiday Victorian Tea featuring a fashion show from Casual Habits and Hap's of Elloree. Please contact the museum for table sponsorship (803) 897-2225. Phone: 803-897-2225. EDISTO MEMORIAL GARDENS - continued from page 15

mile run that goes from the Gardens to SC Hwy. 39. This is the most primitive part of the North Fork and it is recommended that only experienced canoers attempt it. This is due to the amount of deadfall and the unpredictability of the currents. Fishermen will note with interest that the reputation of the Edisto River Redbreast dates back to colonial days. Lord Cornwallis wrote the King of England that the Carolinas were worth fighting for if only for the Redbreasted Beam in the Edisto River.

Edisto Memorial Gardens Nature Trail

A self-guided tour along this trail highlights native trees of South Carolina. Brochures are available at the Chamber office located at 570 John C. Calhoun Drive. Brochures may also be acquired by contacting the Orangeburg Cultural Arts Center located in the Gardens. The Edisto Memorial Gardens are easily accessible via Interstate 26 and 95. U.S. 301 and 601 pass by the Gardens on their route from Florida and New York. Over 500,000 visitors experience the Gardens each year. Visitors come from all fifty states and some foreign countries. The Gardens are located within the city limits on U.S. Highway 301 just four blocks from the heart of the City. The average peak Spring blooms of crabapple, azaleas, dogwood, etc. is from March 15 to April 15. Roses begin blooming soon after the middle of April and continue until the first killing frost of November. These dates may vary from year to year depending on the weather conditions. For up-todate information, call Orangeburg County Chamber of Commerce (803) 534-6821 or the Orangeburg Department of Parks and Recreation at 534-6211.

LOCALLY OWNED & OPERATED BY JOHN MUNGIN & WILMER LEE VERY BEST IN EXHAUST SYSTEMS & TAILPIPES HAND WASHING & WAXING

803-534-4485

1385 AMELIA ST. NORTHEAST ORANGEBURG

JOHN & WILMER THANK THEIR CUSTOMERS FOR PAST BUSINESS & SUPPORT, REMIND YOU THEY ARE OF SERVICE TO THE ENTIRE AREA, & WISH EVERYONE A SAFE & HAPPY HOLIDAY SEASON! GOD BLESS AMERICA!

PAGE 17 THE YEAR WE HAD TWO THANKSGIVING - continued from page 9

continued from below

Letter From Charles Arnold ARNOLD'S MEN'S SHOP, INC., Brooklyn, N.Y. August 15th, 1939

the calendar companies, and in many instances it will result in bankruptcy. You will realize, I am sure, that if you had purchased calendars last January for delivery this coming December, to be distributed January 1940, you would want those calendars to show the correct date for Thanksgiving, and you would expect the manufacturer to furnish them - Presidential Proclamation notwithstanding. Due to the fact that 90% of the calendars will be showing Thanksgiving on the usual date for 1940, your Presidential Proclamation should be rescinded; and if it is necessary to change Thanksgiving it should not be changed until 1941. Otherwise, it is going to be difficult for calendar manufactures to get their customers to use the calendars already printed.

President Franklin D. Roosevelt White House, Washington, D.C. Dear President Roosevelt: Would like to give you the view point of the small merchant in regard to your change of the Thanksgiving date. The small storekeeper would prefer leaving Thanksgiving Day where it belongs. If the large department stores are over-crowded during the shorter shopping period before Christmas, the overflow will come, naturally, to the neighborhood store. Before writing, have consulted with my fellow directors of the Flatbush Chamber of Commerce, as well as my fellow trustees of the Kings Highway Board of Trade, and the executive council of the Associated Retailers of Greater New York, of which I am chairman. We have waited many years for a late Thanksgiving to give us an advantage over the large stores, and we are sadly disappointed at your action, in this matter. Kindly reconsider and oblige thousands of small retail storekeepers throughout this country. Sincerely yours, Charles A. Arnold Arnold's Men's Shop Inc., CAA:MLC Written in behalf of over 500 Adam Hat Agents whose association I head. CAA -----------------------------------------------------------------------Letter from Robert Benson JOE WILLIAMS Real Estate, Rentals, Insurance in all forms Groton, South Dakota, August 17, 1939 Mr. F.D. Roosevelt, Washington, D.C. Dear Sir: Referring to your proposal as to changing the date of Thanksgiving to November 23, we think we have just the place for you out here in South, Dakota. Yankton. After all this country is not entirely money-minded, we need a certain amount of idealism and sentiment to keep up the morale of our people, and you, would even take that from us. After all we want to make this country better for our posterity, and you must remember we are not running a Russia or communistic government. Between your ideas of running for a third term, and your changing dates of century old holidays, we believe you have practically lost your popularity and the good will of the people of the Northwest. Sincerely, Robert S. Benson Clarabelle Voight, As representatives of the northwest -----------------------------------------------------------------------Letter from John Taylor The Budget Press. Calendars. "Gift" cards Salem, Ohio, August 15, 1939 The President, Washington, D.C. Subject: Thanksgiving Mr. President: Millions of calendars for 1940 have already been printed and sold. We alone have printed over two million 1940 calendars. As you probably know, calendars are sold mostly in January, February, and March, for delivery in the Fall of the year, for use during the coming year, in order that we may keep our employees busy throughout the full twelve months. Otherwise, we would be working day and night the last few months and shut down most of the year. This situation makes it necessary to print calendars almost a full year in advance. As stated before, at the present time nearly all calendars are printed for 1940 and we have in preparation most of the preliminary work for 1941 calendars, which are sold by salesmen starting the first of December. In other words, actual samples of 1941 calendars are placed on display in December 1939. Your change for Thanksgiving naturally makes all 1939 calendars obsolete, as well as all 1940 calendars, although it is not too late to change the preliminary work for 1941. I am afraid your change for Thanksgiving is going to cause the calendar manufacturers untold grief. If very many customers demand 1940 calendars to correspond with your proclamation, hundreds of thousands of dollars will be lost by

Yours respectfully, John Taylor -----------------------------------------------------------------------Letter from New York University NEW YORK UNIVERSITY, University Board of Athletic Control Washington Square, New York August 22, 1939 The Secretary to the President, The White House, Washington, D.C.

My dear Mr. Secretary: I am wondering if you are at liberty at this time to supply me with any information over and above what has appeared in the public press to date regarding the plan of the President to proclaim November 23 as Thanksgiving Day this year instead of November 30. Over a period of years it has been customary for my institution to play its annual football game with Fordham University at the Yankee Stadium here at New York University on Thanksgiving Day, although there have been some instances during this period when the game has been played on the Saturday following Thanksgiving Day. As you probably know, it has become necessary to frame football schedules three to five years in advance, and for both 1939 and 1940 we had arranged to play our annual football game with Fordham on Thanksgiving Day, with the belief that such day would fall upon the fourth Thursday in November. Please understand that all of us interested in the administration of intercollegiate athletics realize that there are considerations and problems before the country for solution which are far more important than the schedule problems of intercollegiate athletics. However, some of us are confronted with the problem of readjusting the date of any football contest affected by the President's proposal. As soon as I read of the President's proposal, I advised our Graduate Manager in charge of schedule making simply to mark time pending further public pronouncement by the President as to the definiteness of his proposal. I thought that there might be a change of mind on his part following such public comment which has been made in the press. However, time is slipping past and if it is necessary for us to make arrangements for changing the date of our game The Secretary to the President

Page 2. This year, we should be taking steps very shortly to make such change effective and to make public announcement with regard to it. In short, I am wondering if you could furnish me with answers to the following questions which should prove helpful to us in reaching a decision: 1. Has the plan of the President as announced in the press been definitely established, with the result that Thanksgiving Day in 1939 will come on November 23 and not upon November 30 as had been generally anticipated? 2. If no definite decision has been reached as yet, are you in a position to state the earliest possible date upon which a final decision will be rendered? 3. Granted that the President does proclaim the third Thursday, November 23, as Thanksgiving Day for 1939, does it necessarily follow that the same procedure will be employed in 1940, with the result that Thanksgiving Day during the course of that year would fall upon November 21 rather than upon the fourth Thursday of the month, namely, November 28? I realize, of course, that you may not be in a position to furnish me at this time with the information sought, but you will appreciate that any light which you may be able to throw upon our problem will be extremely helpful. Very truly your, Philip O. Badger, Chairman of the University Board of Athletic Control, and Assistant to the Chancellor ------------------------------------------------------------------------

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PAGE 18

LEXINGTON COUNTY AREA

THE LEGACY OF OLD SAXE GOTHA TOWNSHIP THE CAYCE HISTORICAL MUSEUM is located within the old Saxe Gotha Township and represents the earliest settlement in the Midlands of South Carolina. The focal point in the museum is a reconstruction of the Trading Post established by James Chesnut and Joseph Kershaw at Granby Village in 1765. The British Forces seized the trading post in early 1781 and fortified it as Fort Granby. Emily Geiger, South Carolina's exciting heroine of the American Revolution, was held captive by the British on July 3, 1781. She memorized, and swallowed a note from General Nathaniel Greene to General Thomas Sumter and was released for lack of evidence. By 1816, after the Revolutionary War, this house became the house of the James Cayce family, and was called the Cayce House. For years historians described it as “The oldest and most important historical structure in the back country”. THE TRADING POST ROOM: includes memorabilia of Lord Cornwallis, Commander of the British forces in the South; of Emily Geiger; Cayce family furnishings used in the house following the American Revolution; and other local 18th century items. Also displayed herein are pieces of art by local artists who once resided in the old Saxe Gotha District. THE SAXE GOTHA - GRANBY ROOM: features historical information pertaining to the local Congaree Indians. There are exhibits of Congaree Indian artifacts found in the local area of the Congaree Indian Village. In this room is a diorama of the original Fort Congaree built in 1718. Also on display are original maps of Saxe Gotha Town, 1733; an original map of Granby; and a detailed sketch of the village in 1774. Other exhibits in this room reflect the agricultural and commercial trade industry in Saxe Gotha Township during the 18th century. THE EMILY GEIGER ROOM: were the quarters occupied by Lord Rawdon while in command of Fort Granby during 1781. It contains local furnishings appropriate to the era. On July 2, 1791, young Emily volunteered to carry instructions through enemy lines. On July 3, 1781, she was discovered, arrested, and interrogated at Fort Granby. Emily was locked in Lord Rawdon's room until a Tory woman could come and search her. She memorized the note, swallowed it, and was released due to lack of evidence. She was able to deliver the message of General Nathaniel Greene to General Thomas Sumter the following evening. The exploit of Emily Geiger resulted in a great victory for the American forces, and defeat for the British forces in South Carolina. A life sized scene depicting this event is a center of attraction to visitors. THE VICTORIAN ROOM: represents the years 1837 to 1901. On display are ladies Victorian fashions, hand sewn and hand woven pieces. Exhibits include a variety of household items, tools and equipment of the Victorian period. A special exhibit contains military items used during the War Between The States. There are 1865 sketches of Camp Sorghum, the Confederate prison camp for Union officers; and the old Saluda Factory where General Sherman's forces crossed the Saluda River to enter into Columbia, South Carolina on February 17, 1865. Also exhibited, the Guignard Brick Works display provides interpretive information pertaining to the oldest brick makers in continuous operation in North America since 1803. THE CAYCE ROOM: presents the local history in the Cayce area during the first half of the 20th century. It parades the founders of Cayce, its mayors, council members and citizens who played a vital role in the progress of Cayce since incorporation in 1914. Cayce became an important railroad town. A diorama of the Seaboard Round House (Constructed in 1917), and the railroad yard is displayed in this room. Beautiful patch work quilts on display depict local, historical sites and observances and are outstanding art pieces. The Cayce Historical Museum has one of the finest collections of early South Carolina post cards to be found. Many of these are exhibited in the Cayce Room. THE VISITORS CENTER: provides information and assistance to all visitors. It will accommodate approximately 50 people for briefings, lectures and visual education programs. Hands-on tours are planned for groups of small children. A section of the Visitors Center is set apart for special exhibits of primitive farm tools and equipment once used in Old Saxe Gotha Township. These items are appropriate to the period when flax, indigo, rice, hemp and cotton were major products produced in the Saxe Gotha area. Within the Museum are three old and original structures that support the mission of the Cayce Historical Museum. The SEPARATE KITCHEN FAMILY DAIRY (milk house) and the SMOKE HOUSE are furnished with appropriate items representing the 18th century era. THE RAILROAD CABOOSE contains the Railroad Hall of Fame, commemorating the industrialization of Cayce, South Carolina as a railroad town. It includes 140 pictures of those who worked locally on the railroad, or whose tour of duty passed through the City of Cayce. In addition, there are exhibits representing railroad activity since 1842.

THE YEAR WE HAD TWO THANKSGIVING - continued from page 17

Letter from Eleanor Lucy Blydenburgh 171 Steuben Street, Brooklyn, New York, October 18, 1939 President Franklin D. Roosevelt The White House, Washington, D.C.

Your Excellency, Your recent decision to change the date of our Thanksgiving Day has just taken effect here at Pratt Institute. Our directors announced that our school vacation would begin on the twenty-third of November and last until the twenty-sixth because New York, being your home state, is abiding by your decision. However, where I come from, Connecticut, they'll be observing it on the thirtieth of November as usual. Really, this situation makes my heart ache because I love our Thanksgiving Holidays as much if not a bit more than our Christmas Holidays. Oh, I've missed one other Thanksgiving at home with my parents because I was away at college and too far away to get home to celebrate with them and I didn't like being away at that time either but I see its going to happen again. I would really like to know just why you did change the date, my curiosity has been aroused. You probably won't see or hear of this letter because you are so busy however, it's been nice writing you about the situation. Respectfully yours, (Miss) Eleanor Lucy Blydenburgh -----------------------------------------------------------------------Telegram from F.P. Archer, Sr. TELEGRAM THE WHITE HOUSE, Washington 3PO. RA. 49-D. L. 8:45 a.m. Miami, Florida, August 16, 1939

THE PRESIDENT. Mr. President: Please inform those who disagree with your advance Thanksgiving date that every day is Thanksgiving in Florida. We who love healthful sunshine, bounteous harvests of fruits and vegetables and the clean, cool breezes from the Gulf Stream never cease thanking Almighty God for these daily blessings. F.P. Archer, Sr. -----------------------------------------------------------------------Letter from Shelby O. Bennett Shinnston, W. Va., August 15, 1939 The President, White House, Washington, D.C.

Mr. President: I see by the paper this morning where you want to change Thanksgiving Day to November 23 of which I heartily approve. Thanks. Now, there are some things that I would like done and would appreciate your approval: 1. Have Sunday changed to Wednesday; 2. Have Monday's to be Christmas; 3. Have it strictly against the Will of God to work on Tuesday; 4. Have Thursday to be Pay Day with time and one-half for overtime; 5. Require everyone to take Friday and Saturday off for a fishing trip down the Potomac. With these in view and hoping you will give me some consideration at your next Congress, I remain, Yours very truly, Shelby O. Bennett -----------------------------------------------------------------------Telegram from Leota and Helen Care WESTERN UNION HA 107 18 4 EXTRA=ALLIANCE OHIO 8 1137A FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT= PRESIDENT THE WHITE HOUSE WASHDC= CONGRATULATIONS ON YOUR REELECTION. WHEN SHALL WE SERVE OUR THANKSGIVING TURKEY 21ST? OR 28TH?= LEOTA AND HELEN CARE THE ALLIANCE RESTAURANT. 21ST 28TH.

LEXINGTON COUNTY AREA

IT ALL BEGAN ON THE CONGAREE RIVER... Before the white man came, the Congaree Valley, along the west side of the Congaree River, was peopled by the Congaree Indians. On November 20, 1566, the first white expedition reached the Congaree Indian Town. Captain Juan Pardo, with an army of 125 men and his priest, raised the Spanish flag over the Congaree town and claimed this town for Spain. Over a century passed before the first Englishmen penetrated the Congaree Valley. First to come were explorers and traders. Also, about 1700, the Cherokees began to trade at the Congaree with the English from Charles Towne. During the reign of Queen Anne of England (1702-1713), she bequested a large tract of land west of the Congaree and Saluda Rivers, and named it Saxe Gotha. This tract was allotted for settlement by oppressed Palatine refugees from along the Rhine River in Germany. In 1716, the Charles Towne government into an agreement with the Cherokee Indians to establish the first inland trading post. A combination of military and mercantile posts were erected at the Congaree Town of Indians in 1718. It was known as Fort Congaree. This important trading center was the first European structure in the midlands of South Carolina. This area was given its first true political identity in 1733 as Congaree District, one of eleven districts laid out with a Township and Town. It was a defense buffer zone for Charles Towne against hostile Indians. In 1735, the district was renamed Saxe Gotha, the original name designated by Queen Anne. In 1754 the wagon road between Saxe Gotha Township and Augusta was opened. Also, Martin Friday (Fridig) began operating a ferry over the Congaree River, where Granby Village was established in 1760. Granby continued to grow and become the most important inland commercial trading market east of the Mississippi River. In 1802, Granby was considerably larger than Columbia, and described as one of the most important towns in the States, with over 200 houses. When Lexington County was established in 1785, Granby became the seat of the new county. With the growth of Columbia, Granby gradually declined as a strong community. In 1818, the seat of Lexington County was moved to the present Town of Lexington.

Robert Mills House & Park

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The collection in the house displays decorative arts of the early 19th century, including American Federal, English Regency, and French Empire pieces. The basement contains service rooms with objects used for the storage and preparation of food. The Robert Mills House survives as a testament of Mills' architectural ability. Tickets are available at the museum shop. Tuesday-Saturday 10:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m., Sunday 1:00 to 4:00 p.m.

Suggested Reading Colored Light: A Historical Study of the Influence of Columbia Theological Seminary 1818-1936, Louis Lamotte, Richmond, VA: Presbyterian Committee of Publication, 1937. Greek Revival Architecture in America, Talbot Hamlin, New York: Dover Publications, 1944. Robert Mills, Architect, John M. Bryan, ed., Washington, DC: The American Institute of Architects Press, 1989. Robert Mills: Architect in South Carolina, Blanche Marsh, Columbia, SC: R.L. Bryan Company, 1970. THE LEGACY OF OLD SAXE - continued from page 18

“Uncle Bill” Cayce became Cayce’s first merchant having built his store near a railroad siding. The site was known locally, and by railroaders, as “Cayce Crossing”. Also, located on the museum grounds is the DIXIANA DEPOT (CA 1922) which was once an important passenger and commercial stop between Savannah and Columbia. THE GRANBY GARDENS PARK is located in the area of the Museum. It has excellent playground facilities for adults and children. Tables are available to groups and individuals for picnic outings. THE GRANBY BOTANICAL GARDENS are also located next to the Cayce Historical Museum in a natural setting along a creek where once flax was grown. This garden includes the plants that the first settlers brought into Saxe Gotha Township as early as 1737. The CAYCE HISTORICAL MUSEUM is located at 1800 12th Street Ext. (CITY HALL COMPLEX) in Cayce, SC. Their hours of operation are: Closed Monday; Open Tuesday thru Friday 9:00 a.m. - 4:00 p.m. and Saturday and Sunday 2:00 5:00 p.m. Small admission charge (FREE ON SUNDAY). For more information call 803-796-9020 or 803-739-5385.

1616 Blanding Street

The Robert Mills House exemplifies the skill of the United States' first Federal architect. Robert Mills designed some of the nation's most prominent buildings, including the Washington Monument. Ainsley Hall, a wealthy Columbia merchant, hired Mills to plan the Columbia townhouse in 1823. Mills designed few private residences. The house reflects the architect's preference for the classical revival style, with a large portico dominating the north façade. Like many of his public buildings, the Mills House is a brick structure with a symmetrical exterior and interior. Hall died before the house was finished. His estate faced several legal battles, and the mansion was ultimately sold to the Presbyterian Synod of South Carolina and Georgia. The Presbyterian Theological Seminary began holding classes in the building in 1831. In the 1850s, the property underwent many changes. The carriage house was converted into a chapel, and large dormitories replaced the small flankers on the sides of the house. Afterwards, the seminary's campus remained more or less unchanged for over a century. Several influential pastors of the Presbyterian Church taught at the seminary. George Howe, Sr. was instrumental in the founding of the seminary. Dr. Joseph R. Wilson, Woodrow Wilson's father, and Dr. James Woodrow, the future president's uncle held positions on the faculty following the Civil War. In 1927, the seminary moved to Decatur, Georgia, and the Columbia campus housed a series of other colleges. However, the buildings and property gradually fell into disrepair. A major grassroots movement saved the house from demolition in the early 1960s. After extensive restoration, it opened in 1967 as a historic house museum. continued above

CROUCH'S LIQUOR STORE & LEXINGTON PARTY SHOP Proudly Serving You In Lexington County Since 1974 The headquarters for your favorite party beverages in Lexington County is crouch's liquor store & lexington party shop at 203 hwy. 378 (on the corner of Bruton smith rd.), phone 803-3594670. Courteous and helpful service is a hallmark of this establishment, which has served this area since 1974. Most of the beverage items you'll need for the parties you're planning this holiday season are sold here. Make them your one-stop shopping place for party beverages and mixers. If it is wine or champagne you want, they have a complete selection and are always glad to suggest the suitable drink for the occasion. All of the popular brands of liquors are kept in stock and arranged in attractive displays, and you'll always find your favorite gift sets. It is not an easy job to properly select the right types and brands of the many hundreds of liquors on the market today, but through much study and careful evaluation this store always seems to have just what one wants. The compilers of this 2009 Historical Review for Lexington County are happy to include this well-liked liquor store among the area's leading businesses. crouch's liquor store & lexington party shop thank their customers for their business and support, wish all a happy holiday season, and remind you to drink responsibly!

PAGE 20

Thanksgiving By Stephanie W. Issacs The mere thought of Thanksgiving Day invokes visions of a beautifully laid out table, covered with linen, adorned by china, and delicious food. This family tradition, started so long ago, continues down the generations, with no end in sight for the future generations to come. Its a purely American holiday, that causes us to pause and acknowledge how truly thankful we should be. Throughout the years, the holiday has refined itself to what it is today. Foods are basically the same as they were then, totally familiar to us. Many pioneers who came to American shores would be surprised by the "new foods" we now deem as part of our Thanksgiving table. These pioneers came from many lands, mostly originating at the beginning from Europe: the English, who came to Virginia in 1607, and New England in 1620; the Dutch, who settled in New York in 1623; the Finns and Swedes in Delaware in the 1620s; the English Quakers in Pennsylvania in 1681; and the Germans also in Pennsylvania about 1690. These people beheld a wilderness of game animals which included: deer, moose, elk, bear, rabbits and squirrels. Food teemed from the eastern shores, and fruits, such as mulberries, cherries, grapes and walnuts were there for the taking. Indeed, America was a land of plenty - if you knew which plants were safe to eat and if you could preserve them for when the winds blew cold. Many plants were unfamiliar to the Europeans. Only with the help of the Native Americans who lived upon the land, did the settlers survive. The Indians introduced lima beans, peppers, pumpkins, squash, sweet potatoes and corn into the settlers diet of cabbage, parsnips and herbs. Corn was the crucial vegetable, which could be roasted, boiled, or made into pudding and bread. Indians taught the settlers to grow beans up cornstalks, thereby saving precious land and space. These vegetables, harvested and cooked together, made the popular dish of succotash. When we think of proper table manners at the Thanksgiving meal, many orderly images come to mind. For the settlers, however, the time to sit down and give thanks was too fleeting - there was just too much to be done. A table was usually made from simple planks of wood. Sometimes there weren't any chairs! As a result, the family members literally "ate and ran." Dinnerware was hard to come by. Sometimes spoons were carved out of wood. More creative spoons were made from seashells and walnut shells attached with twig handles. Pewter came later and was quite expensive. Forks were virtually unknown until the mid 1700s. The most common way to eat food was from a trencher - square blocks of wood in which bowls had been hollowed out on one side. The other side was usually flat, so that a piece of pie could be eaten upon it. One side had the main course, and "flip!" the other side held dessert. Some trenchers didn't even get this fancy. Some families used stale bread instead of wood. The food, once poured on the bread, could be entirely consumed. No dishwashing! Cups were usually shared around a table. Made of wood and called a "noggin," the cup usually contained cider or beer. No dainty cleanliness for these early folks. Without many forks or spoons, the fingers were the tools of choice. One common necessity did exist then as it does today when eating the Thanksgiving meal, napkins! Upon laps and tied around necks, the sight is the same. As time went on, tables were covered with cloths, and wooden utensils gave way to china and glassware. Although many types of poultry could be found in the New WorId, only one is truly associated with Thanksgiving Day: the turkey. Benjamin Franklin deemed the turkey such a noble bird that he wanted it to be the national bird of America, rather than the eagle! Needless to say, the eagle won out! Turkeys in colonial days could be huge: some weighed over 30 pounds! The wild birds often traveled in flocks numbering over a hundred or more. In contrast to today's domesticated turkey, the wild turkey had a beautiful purple and bronze colored plumage. No doubt the feathers were greatly prized as well. Some foods, as said before, were unfamiliar to new settlers to America. Sweet potatoes (actually roots) and squash, which are often included on the Thanksgiving Day table, are American. Potatoes (white), a wonderful accompaniment, were introduced from overseas in the 1700s. Tomatoes which are generously tossed into salads, were thought to be poisonous and people refused to eat them until after the American Revolution! What shall YOU serve at your Thanksgiving table this year? With so many people from different backgrounds in America, the choices are endless. Each family adds its own special touch to the holiday. Still, the main message of the holiday IS Thanksgiving, a moment to gather with family and friends in the busy turning of life - just to give thanks for what we have and who we are--AMERICANS!

Indian Summer Coming in late October or early November while the leaves are turning color and falling from the trees, Indian Summer is a short period of especially fair weather and mild days. It is not a separate season but a part of autumn that has no definite dates to begin or end. The mild, pleasant weather of Indian Summer follows the autumn's first period of cold, wintry days. The days become noticeably warmer, but the nights remain chilly. Throughout Indian Summer, the sun shines dimly and softly. The sky turns a rich blue and always appears gentle and hazy near the horizon. With almost no wind, the air remains smoky and still. An Indian Summer moon often has a soft yellow or orange hue that lasts from a week to 10 days. The rays of warm, hazy sunshine with that fresh autumn tang, have inspired poets to sing the praises of October and Indian Summer. Leaves change to brilliant crimson, russet, and gold. Wild asters, goldenrod, and fringed gentians bloom at this time. It is also the time for harvest and preserving the products that summer has brought forth. Then winter begins. Indian Summer is caused by a large mass of warm tropical air that south winds carry northward over the country. During Indian Summer, the air mass remains stagnant causing the weather to remain clear and mild. The American Indians looked forward to and enjoyed Indian Summer. They called it the special gift of a favorite god, Cautantowwit, the god of the Southwest. Although the origin of the name Indian Summer is uncertain, one story is that the American settlers named the period after the American Indians, who told the settlers that this pleasant period of autumn could be expected. Another story is that the settlers used the name because this period of good weather gave the warlike Indians a chance to make more attacks on the settlers. The settlers also believed that the smokiness of Indian Summer came from the camp fires that the Indians built. Other parts of the world also have a short period of fine weather similar to Indian Summer that is referred to by Europeans as Old Wives' Summer. In Poland, the period lasts for three or four weeks and is called God's Gift to Poland.

AIKEN COUNTY AREA

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Aiken Historic Tour This tour of Aiken begins at the Chamber of Commerce Building at 400 Laurens Street N.W. (To reach the Aiken Chamber of Commerce from Interstate 20, drive south on Highway 19 which becomes Laurens Street inside the city.) From the Chamber drive two blocks south on Laurens Street toward town. Turn right at Barnwell Avenue. Like Barnwell and Laurens, most Aiken streets were named for South Carolina counties. In the second block of Barnwell on the right are two frame houses known as 1. BANDBOX and TRANQUILITY, typical of the dwellings rented by winter colonists. They mark the eastern boundary of Aiken Historic District III. In the next block of Barnwell on the right behind the brick and board wall is 2. ROSE HILL (circa 1900), a Dutch colonial revival structure which was the home of the family of Colonel Sheffield Phelps. Also on the grounds housed in estate cottages and stables at the rear of the property is Rose Hill Art Center, where various courses in the arts are offered to the community. The entire estate is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. Turn left onto Florence Street. On the right as you drive south is 3. AIKEN PREP SCHOOL, founded in 1916 by Mrs. Thomas Hitchcock. This private boys' school with local and boarding students from grades 4-9 covers two city blocks. At Richland Avenue turn left. Drive two blocks on Richland and turn right onto Pendleton Street. At this corner is 4. ST. THADDEUS EPISCOPAL CHURCH, the oldest church building in Aiken (1842, remodeled in 1926). The churchyard immediately behind the sanctuary is the burial site of soldiers who died in the 1865 Battle of Aiken, the botanist Henry Ravenel, the poet James Matthews Legare, and numerous other important South Carolinians. You may want to stop and enjoy a walk through this lovely and interesting churchyard. Continue on Pendleton until it meets Hayne Avenue, one of Aiken's oldest residential streets. Turn right on Hayne. Houses in this area show the variety of architectural styles of the Winter Colony structures. Drive three blocks on Hayne to Lancaster Street. The large white house at this intersection, the 5. LORENZ COTTAGE (c. 1889) and the MORRISON-WRIGHT COTTAGE (c. 1900) on the right and the HERMAN HAHN HOUSE (c. 1890) on the far left corner look very much as they did when built. These houses were popular rental properties of the Winter Colony. Turn left onto Lancaster and drive until it ends at Highland Park Avenue. At this corner is another handsome winter residence, 6. PINE KNOLL (c. 1930). Turn left onto Highland Park Avenue. The golf course (c. 1912) on your right and its clubhouse (c. 1925) belonged to the 7. HIGHLAND PARK HOTEL PROPERTY which included the entire hill on the left. The old Highland Park welcomed many winter residents who later returned to build their homes you are seeing today. Both the 19th and 20th century hotel buildings were destroyed by fire. Highland Park Avenue ends at Park Avenue. Turn right. Drive one block east to the intersection of Park and Laurens Street. On the right is the 8. OLD AIKEN POST OFFICE, a fine example of Palladian architecture built in 1912. Notice 9. MORGAN CIRCLE, on the left with its cast-iron Victorian fountain. Turn right on Laurens Street. On the right in this block is the 10. LEGARE-MORGAN HOUSE, a one-story white clapboard cottage once owned by the family of James Matthews Legare, a well-known South Carolina poet, artist, and inventor. The original part of the house was built before 1837, This property is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. Cross the bridge over the railroad. The Aiken section of the railroad track, which ran from Hamburg, S.C., on the Savannah River to Charleston, was originally on Park Avenue. The track was moved when this "cut" was dug in 1853. When the 136-mile track was laid in the 1830s it was the longest railroad track in the world. Continue on Laurens. At the bottom of the hill on the right is one of the entrances to 11. HITCHCOCK WOODS, a 1400-acre preserve available for all types of horse activities and the enjoyment of the public. Turn left at the bottom of the hill onto South Boundary and take the next right turn onto Newberry Street. On the right behind the serpentine wall is 12. BANKSIA, formerly a winter estate, the cottage section is occupied by the Aiken County Historical Museum. You may see this elaborate building during the regular library and museum continued on page 22

For the type of performance you expect from your car, visit BRUNSON’S AUTO REPAIR for expert repairs on all makes and models, foreign or domestic. This complete car care center is located at 144 Hill Rd. in Aiken, phone 803-652-7775 and offers you honest, accurate and reliable service at competitive prices. They care about your car just like you do and their goal is your complete satisfaction. After all, a satisfied customer is a good referral. BRUNSON’S AUTO REPAIR can handle anything from a simple tune-up or brake work to a major repair or overhaul. Their certified technicians with their extensive training and their stateof-the-art equipment assures you that your investment will continue to be a good one. The writers of this 2009 Historical Review are pleased to be able to list this outstanding firm among the area's leading businesses. BRUNSON’S AUTO REPAIR thanks their customers for past business and support, reminds you they are of service to the entire area, and wishes you a Happy Thanksgiving and upcoming holiday season!

Ask About Corporate Rates • Families Welcome For a rest of a lifetime, it's DAYS INN at 2654 Columbia Hwy. North in Aiken, phone 803-642-5692 or 1-800-329-7466, and QUALITY INN (featuring high-speed internet) at 110 East Frontage Rd. in Aiken, phone 803-502-0900. Easily accessible at Hwy. 1 and I-20, Exit 22, these top-rated motels are just the ticket for the road-weary traveler who needs rest, relaxation and, above all, the most peaceful, pleasant surroundings possible. You'll find the accommodations to be among the very best with plenty of free parking and truck parking, new, well-ventilated rooms with spotless baths, microwaves, refrigerators, hair dryers, alarm clocks, free newspaper, continental breakfast, 25" TV's, and several have Jacuzzis. Non-smoking rooms are available. A stay at these havens of rest will leave you ready to continue your journey in great shape. The rates are very reasonable, and the rooms are among the nicest anywhere...what more could you want? How about senior citizens, corporate and weekly rates? They have them too! Plan now to stay at DAYS INN or QUALITY INN whenever you're in Aiken. You're sure to enjoy your trip a lot more when you stay at one of the nicest places in town! The writers of this 2009 Historical Review for Aiken County think that you'll find the DAYS INN and QUALITY INN to be among the very best! DAYS INN and QUALITY INN thanks their guests for past business and support, and invites you to stay with them again soon! Happy Holidays!

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AIKEN COUNTY AREA

AIKEN HISTORIC TOUR - continued from page 21

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hours. Both the house and the exhibits make this a stop which should not be missed. On the right after you pass Banksia you can see the clay tennis court of 13. UNCLE JOHN'S CABIN, another winter cottage which is still a private residence. Turn left onto Easy Street, obviously named by vacationing winter residents. The left side of the street is the property of 14. JOYE COTTAGE, originally a simple house purchased from Miss Sarah Joye and expanded into a 90-room vacation "cottage" in 1897 by William C. Whitney, a New York banker who served in Grover Cleveland's cabinet as secretary of the Navy. As you continue down the street you will see some of the handsome walls for which Aiken is noted. At the corner of Easy Street and Whiskey Road on the left is a private residence which was Mr. Whitney's 15. SQUASH COURT. One of the courts remains just as it was when built in 1904. This and other buildings of Mr. Whitney's estate are listed in the National Register of Historic Places. Turn right onto Whiskey Road, so named for the goods which were transported along this road. Drive two blocks and turn right onto Dupree Place. On the left is 16. HOPELAND GARDENS, a public garden which was the winter estate of Mr. and Mrs. C. Oliver Iselin. The 14-acre estate was given to the city of Aiken and the former stables and carriage house now house the 17. AIKEN THOROUGHBRED RACING HALL OF FAME. You are invited to walk through these beautiful gardens and visit this interesting museum. Turn around in the Hopeland parking lot and return to Whiskey Road. Turn right on Whiskey and drive south. On the left at the next traffic light you will see the 18. GREEN BOUNDARY CLUB, a private club which was once a winter estate called Sunshine. On the right at this corner behind the brick wall is 19. RYE PATCH (c. 1905), a winter estate complete with tea cottage and stables now owned by the City of Aiken and available to rent for meetings and parties. Continue down Whiskey Road. Ahead on the right is 20. FERMATA CLUB, housed in the gymnasium of what was once the Fermata School for Girls, founded in 1919 by Marie Eustis Hofmann, the wife of the internationally famous pianist Josef Hofmann. Turn left onto Summerall Court. At the end of the street you will be facing 21. WHITEALL, built as a winter residence in 1928 by Colonel Robert McCormick, owner of The Chicago Tribune. The residential section surrounding the home was once part of this estate. Turn left on Magnolia. Drive one block and continue on the dirt road. This street and neighboring roads have been left unpaved to protect the hooves of many horses stabled in this area. Please drive slowly. In this first block of dirt road on your right is the 22. WHITNEY POLO FIELD. Polo has been played on this field since 1882, and matches are still held on Sunday afternoons. On the left you will see several large winter estates. In the second block on the left the large pink house was the 23. HOME OF DEVEREAUX MILBURN, an internationally ranked polo player. Next on the left is 24. GEORGIAN COURT (c. 1929), which was built by Robert Hassler, inventor of the spring shock absorber. The property originally consisted of the whole block on Magnolia Lane. Unusual features of the house are the underground bowling alley and an indoor tennis court. Please remember that these private residences are not open to the public. Turn right on Grace Avenue. In the second block of Grace on the left is the 25. F. AMBORSE CLARK ESTATE, Habersham House (c. 1929) now the Aiken Day School. On the right behind the iron gate you can see the estate's guest house. Turn right on Marion Street. The first house on the left is a winter home 26. TIP TOP TOO (c. 1928) which was built by the Pinkerton Family, descendants of the founder of the famous detective agency. Turn left on Mead Avenue and drive one block to Two Notch Road. Turn right. On your left you will see the 27. AIKEN TRAINING TRACK, site of the annual Aiken Trials. Watch for the Horse Crossing signs - you must yield! Continue on Two Notch Road. Turn at Audubon Drive, the first paved road on the left. On the left you will again see Aiken Training Track and surrounding stables. Farther down Audubon on the right is the 28. STEEPLECHASE TRACK, site of the annual Aiken Hunt Meet held in March. Take the first left onto Powderhouse Road. Approximately one-half mile ahead on the right is a beautifully restored 29. YELLOW VICTORIAN HOUSE built by the Burckhalter family in the 1880s. Powderhouse Road ends at South Boundary Avenue where you turn left. The impressive live oaks lining this street are over fifty years old. Turn right when you reach Horry Street (pronounced o-ree), approximately five blocks. Drive one block. The rambling structure on the right corner of Horry and Colleton is 30. LET'S PRETEND (c. 1880), a house with additions made by successive owners who adapted it for a winter cottage. Turn left on Colleton Avenue. This street is typical of this beautiful residential section of Aiken developed by both winter residents and local people in the late 19th and 20th centuries. Continue on Colleton five blocks to York Street. At the corner of York and Colleton you will see the 31. AIKEN INSTITUTE (1891), the town's first public school and the home of the Aiken County Public Library. Turn right on York Street. After you cross the railroad

bridge notice a rambling blue 19th century frame house, one of several old homes in Aiken which have been successfully adapted for businesses. On the left across the parkway is St. Mary's Catholic Church in the 32. CHAPEL OF ST. CLAIRE. This tiny chapel, given by Miss Celestine Eustis, built in 1879 and is reputed to be a design of the architect James Renwick. It has beautiful painted glass windows and is open only by appointment. Turn left onto Park Avenue and drive one block to Chesterfield Street where you again turn left. At this intersection is Aiken's Confederate Monument and the 33. AIKEN COUNTY COURTHOUSE (1881), renovated 1985) in front of which is a statue of James Byrnes of Aiken who was a United States Senator, an Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court and Secretary of State under Harry S. Truman. Drive by the side of the courthouse. After you cross the railroad bridge take the first right onto Colleton Avenue. You will see in this block the 34. WILLCOX INN, once an elegant inn flourishing in the early 1900s as a gathering place for many eminent winter visitors. This structure was restored to its former glory and reopened as an inn in 1985. Turn right on Newberry Street and cross the

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HAVE A SAFE & HAPPY THANKSGIVING & UPCOMING HOLIDAY SEASON!

AIKEN COUNTY AREA

Olde Savanna Town The first Englishman who arrived in the 1600s was Henry Woodward. He named the area Silver Bluff after the mica that stuck to his moccasins. In the 1700s Fort Moore was named after Royal Governor Moore. The village Savanna Town was inside the walls of the fort which served as an Indian trading post. Beech Island was originally called Beech Highland after the beech trees on the high terrain. The “h” in the town name was dropped because of the way the Cockney pronounced it. German-Swiss immigrants such as the Zubleys, Meyers and Toblers settled this area. George Galphin built a trading store in the area of Silver Bluff which was used as a “factor” for Indian trading. Galphin's land and house served as a fort during the revolution. The Silver Bluff area today is the home of the National Audubon Society Site where the Wood Stork stalks through the Kathwood Plantation foraging ponds. Jackson still has the natural beauty and wildlife that attracted the pioneer families. The railroad was involved in the formation of Ellenton. In the 1950s the Atomic Energy Commission built the Savannah River Plant and the entire town of Ellenton was moved. The site today covers over 200,000 acres and is South Carolina's largest employer. The Savannah River Site is recognized as an environmental research park and produces plutonium, tritium and other nuclear materials used in the nation’s defense. Many of the people resettled on the outskirts of the plant and the town is today called New Ellenton. AIKEN HISTORIC TOUR - continued from page 22

bridge. In the second block on the right is a large brick building which is the 35. AIKEN COURT TENNIS CLUB (1902, renovated 1936). Court tennis originated in the 14th century in America. This court is one of seven which exist in the United States. Across Newberry Street at this point is Aiken's newest downtown attraction 36. THE ALLEY with its many interesting shops and restaurants. In this area and on Laurens Street 20th century businessmen use 19th century structures and keep the downtown area busy and prosperous. Whether you stop now or later, don't miss Aiken's delightful downtown shopping area. When you reach Richland Avenue turn left. Continue one block on Richland to Laurens Street, the busy main street of downtown Aiken. Turn right on Laurens and a two block drive will return you to the Chamber of Commerce.

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THANKSGIVING

Late in December of 1620, over one hundred Pilgrims arrived in the new world of America. After more than a month of searching for a place to settle, they finally sailed into Plymouth Harbor. Here they were blessed with great fortune. Because what they discovered was a deserted Indian village - a whole settlement recently wiped out by a terrible epidemic. Consequently, they inherited acres of already cleared fields, ready for planting. The entire village had been devastated except for one lone survivor - a Pawtucket Indian named Squanto. It happened that some years before, Squanto had been kidnapped by an English sea captain and sold into slavery in Spain. He eventually escaped and made his way back to America. But upon his return, he discovered the terrible scene described above. And so when the Pilgrims arrived, Squanto became their great friend. Half of the Pilgrims took sick and died that first winter, and historians agree that if it hadn't been for Squanto and some of the neighboring tribes - it is doubtful if the Pilgrims would have made it at all. Squanto taught the Pilgrims how to make effective use of the New World's great natural resources - from the sea to the soil. He showed them how to fish and pilot their boats. He brought them seeds of native plants - pumpkin, squash, beans and Indian corn - and showed them how to plant and nurture these crops in the cleared fields. He even showed them how to hunt wild turkey. William Bradford, the famous Pilgrim leader, wrote a glowing tribute to this great Native American friend: "Squanto continued with the (the pilgrims) and was their interpreter, and was a special instrument sent of God for their good beyond their expectation. He directed them how to set their corn, where to take fish and to procure other commodities, and was also their pilot to brink them to unknown places for their profit, and never left them till he died."

And so it was that in the autumn of 1621, the Pilgrims were able to celebrate their first year in the New World. Nearly 100 Indians and more than 30 settlers came together for three days of feasting, recreation and thanksgiving. And so Thanksgiving Day was born.

QUALITY MEDICAL SUPPLY, LLC Home Care Equipment Proudly Serving Aiken & Surrounding Counties Are you recovering from an illness or injury which requires specific treatments or equipment? To help you get back on your feet again, you may need the services of QUALITY MEDICAL SUPPLY, LLC, located at 419 Hayne Ave. Southwest in Aiken, phone 803-648-1000. QUALITY MEDICAL SUPPLY, INC. offers needed supplies such as oxygen equipment, walkers, canes, nebulizers, CPAP/BIPAP, hospital beds and much more. Their reasonable rates and considerate service have won them the respect of leading physicians and clinics throughout the entire area. At QUALITY MEDICAL SUPPLY, INC. they offer free pick-up and delivery service and 24 hour emergency service to their clients. The road to recovery is a lot smoother with this respected firm's help. The writers of this 2009 Historical Review for Aiken County urge you to call them whenever you need hospital equipment. We are pleased to include this reputable firm among the area's leading businesses. QUALITY MEDICAL SUPPLY, INC. thanks the people of this area for placing their trust and confidence in them, and wishes all a Happy Thanksgiving and holiday season!

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LEXINGTON COUNTY AREA

Shop With Us For All Of Your Holiday Needs Online At www.walmart.com

Open 24 Hours Manager - Cliff Keefe Real quality and superior services are what you’ll always find when you shop WALMART SUPERCENTER in Lexington. This well-known supercenter is located at 5556 Sunset Blvd., phone 803-808-3740, and features one of the area’s finest assortments of this type of merchandise. Stop in today and look over the outstanding selection of values available. They offer a full-line of clothing for every member of the family, as well as furniture, housewares, hardware, sporting goods, hunting supplies, and all those personal touch items for your car, and feature a full line grocery department, bakery, deli, meat department, fresh produce, a beauty salon, pharmacy, one hour photo, vision center, portrait studio, and much, much more! A leader in every respect, WALMART SUPERCENTER has been a cornerstone in the business community for many years now. Their honest and forthright business practices have won them the respect and admiration of their customers, and even their competitors. It’s the kind of quality that stands behind the name WALMART SUPERCENTER...your best bet for everything! They accept most major credit cards. The authors of this 2009 Historical Review are pleased to include this fine store in this edition and remind you WALMART SUPERCENTER features low, low prices everyday! Cliff and all the associates at WALMART SUPERCENTER thank their customers for past business and support, and wish all a happy holiday season!