Adolph Eichmann: Archetype Of Evil

‘We stand perplexed and stupefied before the phenomenon of Nazism, because we know nothing about man, or at any rate have only a lopsided and distorted picture of him. We stand face to face with the terrible question of evil and do not even know that is before us, let alone what to pit against it. And even if we did know, we still could not understand how it could happen here’ (C.G.Jung) Adolph Eichmann An Archetype of Evil or just a case of Blind Obedience? By Nestor Almada, Dip Mayo S Astrol. (UK), Cert. Vedic Astrol. AIVS (USA) In his book ‘The Murderers Among Us’ Simon Wiesenthal wrote ‘I saw Adolph Eichmann for the first time on the opening day of his trial in the courtroom in Jerusalem. For nearly sixteen years I had thought on him practically every day and every night. In my mind I had built up the image of a demonic superman. Instead I saw a frail, nondescript, shabby fellow in a glass cell. Everything about Eichmann seemed drawn with charcoal: his grayish face, his balding head, his clothes, There was nothing demoniac about him: he looked like a timid bookkeeper’ Markus Wolf, a former head of the East German foreign intelligence service, at the Nuremberg Trials, made similar observation ‘ There, before my eyes were the people who had been found responsible for terrible things, They were the greatest leaders of the Nazi regime who were still alive. I have seen their photographs, in all their former pomp and glory. In Nuremberg, I saw normal, simple people sitting in the dock. They seemed like staff in a railway station or in a post office’ Do criminals need to look like demons? There is an old myth that associates criminality with particular physical

characteristics. Cripples and hunchbacks were often distrusted. Some medieval laws regarded ugly and deformed people more likely to be guilty of crimes. During the eighteenth and nineteenth century, some eminent neurologists considered that skulls and brains of criminals showed unmistakable peculiarities. In Italy, a well-known criminologist named Lombroso suggested that criminals were born and not made. And that they could be distinguishing from non-criminals by certain stigmata, i.e.: excessive hairiness, heavy jaws, high cheekbones, and large drooping ears. Other experts suggested that ‘muscular’ types of individuals were more likely to be criminals. Adolph Eichmann did not seem to fit any of those physical characteristics. He was not a ‘muscular type’. Neither he resembled any of the sketches in the Dr Cesare Lombroso’s books. He looked more like a bureaucrat than a demon. Adolph Eichmann was born in Solingen, Rhineland (7oE05, 51W10) on March 19th 1906, at 8h15’ (Data and Chart from Astrodienst). Gemini rising, Sun in Pisces does no indicate a demoniac appearance but rather of a retiring and bookish-looking

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type. However, Moon in Capricorn without harmonious aspects from other planets can provide the clue of Eichmann ruthless mind and intellect.

Kroiz suggested that with this aspect, the Luna vibrations for evil are the strongest. He added ‘the qualities that go to make up a social human being, happily adjusted to life, are completely absent’. Wiesenthal correctly observed ‘Eichmann’s great strength was the he treated the Jewish problem unemotionally. He was the most dangerous man of all- the man with no human feeling’. Wiesenthal found everything incompressible about Eichmann. He could not explain why he became what he was. He found nothing. Eichmann came from a family with religious background and his father was a member of the Presbyterian Church. Benedikt Schwager, head of the Jewish community, awarded his father with a high Austrian decoration. Apparently Wiesenthal observations were not objective enough. He could not believe that a man who had a sound religious upbringing could be an antiSemite and commit such atrocities as Eichmann did. In fact the opposite appears to be the truth.

Anti-Semitism in Germany was not a Hitler’s invention. It existed not only in Germany but in other European countries as well. Hate against Jews appears to be of a religious origin. Martin Luther, founder of Protestantism was not only an anti-Semite bigot, but he believed in '‘absolute obedience to political authority'’ (1). This could have influence the ‘cultural values’ of Nazi Philosophy. Luther wanted all Jews out of Germany to be deprived of ‘all their cash and jewels and silver and gold’. And that is what the Nazis did. Luther also wanted ‘that their synagogues or schools be set on fire, that their houses be broken up and destroyed, that the Jews be put under a roof or stable, like the gypsies, in misery and captivity. The Nazis did this as well. Jews were also unwanted in other countries. Pope Benedict XIV wanted all Jews out of Polish cities. In His Encyclical, Benedict XIV wrote: Another threat to Christians has been the influence of Jewish faithlessness. This influence was strong because Christians and Jews were living in the same cities and towns. The Jews have so replaced the Christians that some parishes are about to lose their ministers because their revenues have dwindled so drastically’. He added, Jews are cruel taskmasters. By means of their particular practice of commerce, they amass a great store of money and they by an exorbitant rate of interest utterly destroy the wealth and inheritance of Christians’. In another paragraph, Benedict wrote ‘ we promise you that when the situation arises, we will cooperate energetically and effectively with those whose combined authority and power are appropriate to

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remove this stain of shame from Poland’. Thus, the ghettoization of the Jews was an ancient Christian agenda. St Bernard wrote to the clergy of Eastern France: ‘Jews are eminent remainders for us of the Lord’s suffering. On this account they are scattered through all lands in order that they may witnesses to our redemption while they pay the just penalties for so great crime’ (Epistle 363) Peter, abbot of Cluny send a letter to Louis, King of France and advised him to punish their excesses and to strip them of the property they had taken from Christians or had acquired by usury’ Under Alexander III heavy penalties were imposed to Christians working as domestics servants for Jews. ‘Let them not continually devote themselves to the service of Jews for a wage’, Advised Alexander. Allport argue that ‘while the creeds of the great religions are universalistic, all stressing brotherhood, the practice of these creeds is often divisive and brutal. Even more, religion is in fact a focus of prejudice, because it usually stands for more than faith. Religion is the pivot of the culture. Perhaps that is why the clergy justify ethnic prejudices with religious sanctions. According to Jung, religion has an enormous influence on the entire life of the society. This is because ‘ all official religious doctrines actually belong to the collective consciousness of the race’. For Eichmann the gods were the fatherland and the NAZI party. ‘I served the gods my whole being and faith.

There was nothing I wouldn’t do for them’, he wrote. Jung, in his book ‘The Psychology of Nazism’ argue the German Psyche was possessed by an archetype called Wotan, the god of storm and frenzy, the unleasher of passions and the lust of battle’. The Nazi party was, according to Jung, a reflection of the unfathomable depth of Wotan’s character. This could be Jung’s explanation. ’The gods are without doubt personifications of psychic forces. As an autonomous psychic factor, Wotan produces effects in the collective life of a people and thereby reveals his own nature’. But Germans did not receive messages of moral and religious law. Germans decided to submit their personal autonomies to their Fuhrer. ‘It has always been terrible to fall into the hands of a living god’, added Jung. Hermann Hesse, deeply concerned with the authoritarian enculturation of Germany, wrote ‘You Germans more than any other people are accustomed to obedience. Your people have obeyed so easily, so very willingly and gladly, reluctant to take the slightest step that did not afford the satisfaction of carrying out an order or complying with a regulation. You are the most pious people in the world. But what gods your piety has created! Kaisers and drill sergeants!’ The Founders of the Nazi party were anti-Semites and anti-Semitism was part of the Nazi agenda. Eichmann was an anti-Semite because he was a Nazi (2). .

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Hitler’s racist ideologies involved two plans. The Lebensraum (Living Space) was a long-term process of racial consolidation in the newly annexed territories. The Endlosung (Final Solution) was the elimination of all European Jews. It was meant to expel them to the extremities of the German sphere of influence. Jews were to be deported first to Lublin and later to Madagascar. Madagascar was the solutions dreamed by the anti-Semites. It was considered the ideal dumping ground for all European Jews. Apart from France, Great Britain also needed to be defeated; otherwise, the Madagascar plan could not be implemented. The demographic planners were increasingly frustrated by the difficulty encounter with such a massive population transfer. England was not defeated and in Europe, nobody wanted to accept the expelled Jews.

and at the same time, they were blocking the movement of non-Jewish population from the countryside into the cities. The Nazi technocrats arrived to the conclusion that a removal of the Jews and confiscation of their property could solve a number of problems simultaneously. The expulsion policy failure created a human bottleneck. The sealing of the Ghettos resulted in a catastrophe of enormous proportions. According to Hilberg (1985), over half million of Polish Jews died in the Ghettos due to epidemic and starvation.

Browning (p 30) argue that ‘Ghettoization of the Jews was not a conscious preparatory step planned by Hitler to facilitate the mass murder. Neither did it have the set task of decimating the Jewish population. In Fact, Ghettoization was carried out at different times in different ways for different reasons on the initiative of local authorities’.

Hitler approved the ‘Final Solution’ in October 1941. He was confident that the victory in Russia was likely to be before winter.

Aly & Heim (quoted in Browning) suggested that ‘the Nazi technocrats decided that East European Jews were not only part of the superfluous population. Jews were also considered an obstacle to modernization. Most of them were poor and were monopolizing the pre-industrial handicraft sector. Jews, the Nazis believed were preventing a rationalization of industrial production

Between September 1939 and the summer of 1941, the planning German intelligentsia suggested the ‘Final Solution’ for reasons that appeared logical to them. This ‘solution’ was gradually developed from the lower planning levels and proposed to the upper levels of the Nazi bureaucrat’s (3).

Browning (p 60), wrote that ‘Holocaust was not a mystical event beyond human understanding, but one that resulted from the rational means employed by German technocrats to get rid of a superfluous population’ But why all those Nazis were transformed from bureaucrats into mass murderers? One of the reasons, according to Browning (p56) was personal ambition. ‘They had joined the party and had taken positions and made careers dealing with the ghettoized Jews. When the mass murder began, the

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perpetrators of the Final Solution would carry out their task with the same ingenuity and inventiveness that ghetto managers had previously employed to maintain ghetto life under great constraint’ Eichmann’s birth charts suggest that he was a career minded and a very ambitious man. This is indicated by the Moon in Capricorn closed to the Mid Heaven. Most planets are above the horizon. Neptune, the ruler of his Sun sign is in the second house. Pisces, his Sun sign rule all matters related to the XII house. This house rules deportations and all places of detention such as prisons, concentration camps and ghettos. After studying books about Psychology of crime, about what type of early experiences may turn a child into a criminal and having found no explanation. Wiesenthal wrote: ‘I had made a mistake: I though of Eichmann as an ordinary criminal, which he was not. In his case the problem of early childhood and environment that usually lead to crime simply didn’t exist’ Wiesenthal observed that ‘Eichmann emerged as the top executive of the annihilation machinery’. Like Hitler, Eichmann was born with the Moon in Capricorn, but without harmonious aspect to it. Kroitz wrote ’ Should the Capricorn person turn to criminal, especially the Luna Capricorn, he becomes the toughest, most vicious criminal imaginable. Luna Capricorn has been called in Astrology ‘The Figure of the Devil’ this suggests a temperament that can plot with complete coldness, and execute premeditated crimes that are carried out with care and exactitude of high enterprise’.

Frawley suggested that an ill-placed and malefic Moon is often found in the chart of criminals and of those suffering mental disorders. Eichmann’s Mercury squares with Uranus in Capricorn, and according to Carter, this is a contact of intolerance. He suggested that this aspect ‘It is sometimes a criminal influence, apparently sufficing to turn the whole tenor of an otherwise not particular evil map into the wrong direction’. It was therefore understandable that Eichmann was found to be the ‘most suitable man’ to do the job. This is a case were ‘normal psychology’ can not be applied successfully. Eichmann is a case of a ‘potentially evil mind’ influenced by a ‘pathological environment’. Jung suggested that in such environment, collective evil forces could overwhelm individual Psychology. ‘The change of character brought about the up-rush of collective forces is amazing, a gentle and reasonable being can be transformed into a maniac or a savage beast’, Jung wrote. Eichmann was a ‘XII House man’. Moon in Capricorn mission found its ‘niche’ in all activities ruled by this house. The XII house is the hose of the ‘hidden enemies’. Eichmann joined the NSDAP (NAZI party) when this was considered an illegal organization in Austria. Mercury, the ruler of the Ascendant is in the XII house. Eichmann used his natural intellectual curiosity in this area. He was assigned to gather information about the ‘Freemasons conspiracy and set up an index of prominent Jews who were also Freemasons. After becoming a learned expert in Freemasons, Eichmann developed and

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impressive knowledge about Zionism and Jews en general. He learned Hebrew and become a Gestapo observer at Jewish meetings. He become a ‘leading expert on Jewish Affairs’ Apparently Eichmann was personally initiated into the new policy of mass murder. Direction of this policy was given at the center, and instruction was sent. The killing machine was set in motion. One of the negative characteristics of a Moon in Capricorn person is what Jones describe as ‘Justification of Self, which reacts with high opportunism to every chance for becoming necessary in some given situation’. Eichmann in his memoirs was not only remorseless but unable to admit his own guilt as well. Eichmann wrote: ‘I saw how, by a few words, through a single, abrupt order of one individual, whom the regime empowered, field of annihilation was created’. Sun in Pisces indicates ‘the need to be submitted to a stronger will’. It also indicates the tendency to play the role of a victim. Eichmann, in his writing, considered of being himself a ‘victim of the circumstances’. He wrote, ‘Because I saw hell, death and the devil. Because I had to witness the insanity of annihilation. Because I was reined in as one of the many horses and could not break out either to the right or the left because of the will of the coachman and his orders…’ Eichmann’s XII House is heavily tenanted. Jupiter is in this House. Mercury, his ruler sign and Venus, the significator of the second house are also in this house. The cusp of the XII house

is in Aries and Mars, its ruler, is also the XII. Eichmann made a large fortune trading in human freedom. Being regarded as an ‘expert’ in Jewish issues, Eichmann was appointed by Heydrich (also born with the Sun in Pisces), to handle the Office for Jewish Emigration’. This was the only agency authorized to issue permits to Jews wishing to leave the Country. Nearly half of Vienna’s 180,000 Jews managed to purchase their freedom to emigrate by handling everything they owned. Allport correctly argued that ‘outright greed is certainly a cause of prejudice. Rationalization of greed is a principal source of prejudice. The formula is simple enough: Greed leads to grabbing and this leads to justification. But was Eichmann born an ‘evil man’? Wiesenthal found no rational explanation why an ordinary person like Adolph Eichmann, could become the greatest mass murderer of the XX Century. So far astrology is concerned, Eichmann was born with an ‘evil’ lunar position. But was this astrological aspect enough to made an evil out of him? Ancient astrologers believed that Gods and Demos are within our own Psyche. They are represented by the planetary energies of our own chart. The highest energies of the planets represent the Devas or Gods of the mind and intellect. On the lowest level, they become the Asuras or Demons. These are powers of falsehood that work through illusion, cruelty, deception, arrogance and negativity. Jung called these negative elements of our Psyche ‘the Shadow’. This entire negative and destructive characteristic remains unknown to us. This is because;

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we denied them expression in life for being incompatible with our chosen conscious attitude. Due to constrain imposed to us by society, we are unable to express and become conscious of our inferior traits. In ‘psychotics times’ like in the case of Nazi Germany, The Nazis removed all legal protection from the Jews. Criminal behavior was encouraged and rewarded. The moral restrain from religious authorities was non-existent. The silence of the churches was considered a tacit approval of the abuses committed against such unfortunate minorities. . Jung suggested ‘ It was a mistake to regard Psyche as a purely personal affair and to explain it exclusively from a personal point of view. Such a mode of explanation is only applicable to the individual in his ordinary everyday occupations and relationships. If however, he added, some trouble occurs, perhaps in the form of and unforeseen and somewhat unusual event, instantly instinctual forces are called up, forces which appear to be wholly unexpected, new and strange. They can not longer be explained in terms of personal motives’. Collective forces are powerful in such circumstances. The worst of human nature can be awakened and the ‘shadow’ expresses its destructive and evil nature. .

in which we humans more or less inevitably participate. Hitler was echoing the evil of the German mind. But how the collective German Psychology came to be? The evils of the glorification of war and of the absolute power of the authoritarian state; the misguided belief in the racial superiority of Germans, the hatred against Jews, the contempt for democracy were not the creation of Hitler's mind alone. Those evils were the refection of many sick and unbalanced minds of scholars, religious leaders, philosophers, historians and teachers, during the century before Hitler. Alexander Solzhenitsyn wrote “If only there were people somewhere, insidiously committing evil deeds, and it were necessary only to separate them from the rest of us and destroy them. But the line dividing good and evil cuts through the heart of every human being. And who is willing to destroy a piece of his own heart?”

Notes: (1) Since the peace of Westphalia in 1648, ‘Acceptance of autocracy and blind obedience to petty tyrants who ruled as princes become ingrained in the German mind’ (Shirer) (2)

Philosopher Paul Carus suggested that evil is a very real phenomenon, but it is not a thing, with physical properties of its own. Evil can be expressed through human actions. But evil it is not an entity with a will of its own. Evil is a process

Anti-Semitic points of the NAZI Party program promulgated on February 24, 1920, in a Munich beer hall stated ‘the Jews were to be denied office and even citizenship in Germany and excluded from the press. All who had entered the Reich

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after august 1914, were to be expelled’ (Shirer 1978, P41) (3)

According to Heim and Aly, the planning intelligentsia (Planende Intelligenz) were several obscure agencies such as Reichskuratorium fur Wirtschaftlichkeit, Institut fur

Deutsche Ostarbeit, Reichsstelle fur Raumordnung, Reichskommissariat fur die Festigung des Deutschen Volkstums and Abteilung Bevolkerungswesen und Fursorge. (Browning, P60)

References Allport, G. - (1958) ‘The Nature of Prejudice’ –Addison-Wesley Publishing Co - NY Benedict XIV – (1751) ‘On Jewish and Christians Living in the Same Place’ – Encyclical Promulgated on June 14, 1751 Brask, P. – ‘Jung’s Shadow: Two Troubling Essays by Jung’ Browning, C. – ‘The Path to Genocide: Essays on the Launching the Final Solution’ – Cambridge University Press - London Carter, C. – (1975) ‘The Astrological Aspects’ –L.N. Fowler & Co. LTD – London Frawley, D. – (1990) ‘The Astrology of the Seers” – Passage Press - Utah Hesse, H. – (1981) ‘If the War goes on’ –Pan Books LTD - London Hilberg, R. – (1985) ‘The Destruction of the European Jews’ -NY Jones, M. – (1982) ‘Astrology and Why it Works’ –Routledge & Kegan Paul – London Jung, C. – (1964) ‘Man and his Symbols’ – Aldus Books LTD Jung, C. – (1986) ‘ Memories, Dreams, Reflections’ – William Collins Sons & Co. LTD Glasgow Jung, C. – (1989) ‘The Psychology of Nazism’- Princeton UP Kimel, A. - “Why Did Ordinary Men Kill?” – on-line Holocaust Magazine Kroiz, E – (1987) ‘Horoscopes’ –Tophi Books – London Shirer, W. – (1978) ‘The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich’ –Redwood Burn LTD - UK Tucker, W. - (1969) ‘The How, What and Why of Astrology’- Astrological Publications – Delhi Tucker, W. - (1974) ‘Destiny, Cybernetics & Astrology’ – Astrological Publications - Delhi Wiesenthal, S. - (1967) ‘The Murderers Among Us’ - William Heinemman LTD Wolf, M. (2005) ‘Hitler’s Henchmen in the Dock’ – BBC News 2005/11/19 Sakoian & Acker – (1974) ‘The Astrologer’s Handbook’ – Peter Davies LTD - London Copyright Nestor Almada (2006) Nestor Almada was born in Cordoba, Argentina. He studied astrology with the Mayo School of Astrology (UK), Vedic Astrology and Ayurveda with Dr David Frawley, founder of the America Institute of Vedic Studies and Homeopathy and Biochemistry with the Grace Medical Mission (India). Other Studies: University of New England, Dip in Modern Languages (Italian). Macquire University, Crt in Lang. (French.). University of Melbourne, Grad Dip in Information and Communication Technology Ed. Hawthorn Institute of Education, Grad Dip in Education. Universidad Tecnologica Nacional (Argentina), Degree in Engineering (Electronics). Worked as an engineer in Europe and South Africa and as a teacher and Linguist in Australia. Presently studying Psychology at Monash University

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