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ESTABLISHING SOCIOECONOMIC PROFILE TO REDUCE THE IMPACT OF HIGH INFLATION ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED STUDENTS OF GRADE 9-PILI IN PEDHS FOR S.Y. 2018-2019
JOHNATAN C. EUGENIO TEACHER I, PEDRO E. DIAZ HIGH SCHOOL Division of Muntinlupa City
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY In 2007 the global economy was in peril when the United States
of America was severely hit by financial crisis combined with deep recession that lasted from December 2007 to June 2009. The annual inflation rate reached the 17-year high of 12.5% in August 2008, up from a record of low of 2.8% percent registered in 2007. It improved to 8.8% percent in December 2008. Since then, the researcher utilized the student’s socioeconomic profile to analyze and understand the impact of economic inflation on academic performance of learners.
INTRODUCTION Based on the Enhanced School Improvement Plan SY 2019-2021,
financial matter is the second major cause of absenteeism in Pedro E. Diaz High School with 26.67% percent. In fact, in the assessment of PEDHS School Planning Team, Low academic performance was included in the six priority improvement areas of monitoring and evaluation. (PEDHS Enhanced School Improvement Plan) In August 2018, the Philippine’s inflation rate reached a whopping 6.4%. It was the highest for 9 years and 4 months. Subsequently, on September and October of the same year the inflation rate rises to 6.7%. It exceeded the government‘s upper forecast of 6,2% and is way above the government’s 4% upper target for 2018. If we compare it to our neighbors in South East Asian region: Vietnam inflation rate was only 4.5%, Indonesia 3.2%, Thailand 1.5%, Malaysia 0.9% and Singapore 0.6 %.
RELATED LITERATURE Pearson’s coefficient of correlation and t- test as statistical techniques
used for the analysis. It was noticed that there exist a positive significant correlation between SES and Academic Achievement. Rather and Sharma (2015) examined the impact of Socio-economic Status on Achievement grades. Data were collected from 200 Secondary school students of Aligarh district of Uttar Pradesh. The study showed that there was an intimate relationship between SES and Academic grades of the students. Showkeen and Rehman (2014) investigated about the impact of Socioeconomic Status of Science stream students and their Academic Achievement at Senior Secondary level. The study showed significant positive correlation between SES and Academic performance of Science stream students at Senior Secondary level. Thus, Socio-economics Status is important variable for determining the Academic Achievement of the students
METHODOLOGY Research Design
This study employs qualitative design where primary data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interview, and focus group discussions. This method was used to describe, analyze, and interpret gathered information. The researcher used a phenomenological approach in examining for a thorough description of the meaning and process of the experience of the impact of high inflation on the academic performance of learners. This method was conceptualized by Colaizzi (1978), as cited in Cresswell,(2003); Denzin & Lincoln, (2000) .
Setting and Informants This study was conducted in Pedro E. Diaz High School,
Alabang, Muntinlupa City . It involved the grade 9 students of section Pili for S.Y. 20182019. This section was classified as the Lower Section among the twenty four (24) sections of grade 9 (Junior High School).
With this economic phenomenon, the researcher decided to
focus on the impact of inflation on the academic performance of learners. Based on SF2, the researcher noticed that ADA declined to twenty eight (28) students with an equivalent percentage of 70 % percent in the attendance for the month of September. On the following month, the ADA declined to twenty seven (27) students with an equivalent percentage of 67.5% in the attendance for the month of October. A tentative number of twenty (20) students were the potential participants of this study. Five (5) of them have failed to participate The remaining fifteen (15) students underwent the third phase of saturation process. After collecting the necessary data through interviews, the researcher had reached the peak of saturation process.
As a result, ten (10) students were now officially participants of
the research. The upper five (5) and the top bottom five (5) in the socioeconomic profile were divided in two group, Group A is the experimental group and comprised of students in LowerIncome-Level. Group B is the controlled group and comprised of students in Upper-Middle-Level. five (5) themes have emerged substantial to process the qualitative research. These are the annual financial income, daily allowance, work experience, Monthly attendance and grades for every grading period
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Analyses and Interpretations of Data
Therefore, the data shows that Group A is highly vulnerable compared to moderate vulnerability of Group B in the indicators of vulnerability of annual family income
Therefore, the data shows that Group A is highly vulnerable compared to moderate vulnerability of Group B in the indicators of vulnerability of daily allowance
Therefore, the data shows that Group A is highly vulnerable compared to moderate vulnerability of Group B in the indicators of vulnerability of work experience.
Therefore, the data revealed that Group A and B got a low vulnerability in attendance on the academic performance of learners
Therefore, the data revealed that Group A is moderately vulnerable compared to low vulnerability of Group B in the indicators of vulnerability of attendance on the academic performance of learners.
Comparatively between Group A and B, the data revealed that Group A is Highly Vulnerable in the overall distribution of vulnerability obtained from the impact of high inflation on socioeconomic profile of selected students of Grade 9-Pili.
Comparatively between Group A and B, the data revealed that Group A is Highly Vulnerable in the overall indicators of vulnerability of the impact of high inflation on the academic performance of learners.
As can be seen from the data in Table 8, after a week of intervention, an improvement was observed in students 1 and 4 with comprehensive production of output. However, student 3 had failed to complete the appropriate output.
As can be seen from the data in Table 9, after two (2) weeks of extended intervention, an improvement was observed in student 3 with comprehensive production of output
FINDINGS The study shows that Low-Income family is highly vulnerable compared to
moderate vulnerability of Upper-Middle-Income in the overall distribution of vulnerability obtained from the impact of high inflation on socioeconomic profile of selected students of Grade 9-Pili. The study also shows that Low-Income family is highly vulnerable compared to low and moderate vulnerability of Upper-Middle-Income family in overall distribution of indicators of vulnerability on the academic performance of learners. The results of the study provide evidence that the intervention given by the teacher is quite effective. Foremost the efforts shown by students 1 and 4 pave away and produce comprehensive output. However, student 3 had failed to produce appropriate output for the first four weeks of intervention. On the contrary, after having participated in the extended intervention, student 3 was able to complete the desired output.
CONCLUSION It is found that establishing a socioeconomic profile of the students would reduce the impact of high inflation on the academic performance of students. In general, low-income family is highly vulnerable compared to upper-middle-income family on the contributing factors of high inflation such as the annual family income, daily allowance and work experience. Early detection of high vulnerability on high inflation would help teachers to make appropriate measures to curb the impact of high inflation on the academic performance of the students. The study also highlighted the importance of establishing learning goals to highly vulnerable students instead of performance goals. This study verify the findings of Faaz and Khan (2017); Solanke and Narayanaswamy (2015); Rather and Sharma (2015); Showkeen and Rehman (2014); Saifi and Mehmood (2011) which also found a positive impact of Socio-economic Status on student’s academic performance or achievement.
RECOMMENDATIONS Teachers should establish socioeconomic profile on the month of
June for early detection of highly vulnerable students to high inflation. The school should establish a comprehensive socioeconomic profile of students in every year level to reduce the 26.67% problem on financial matter. Experiential Contextualization Approach should be applied to the Low socioeconomic status students for the betterment of their academic performance. Likewise, the results of this study could possibly prompt early development of intervention strategies in the area of improving student attendance and inadvertently affecting student academic performance.
JOHNATAN C. EUGENIO TEACHER I, PEDRO E. DIAZ HIGH SCHOOL Division of Muntinlupa City
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY In 2007 the global economy was in peril when the United States
of America was severely hit by financial crisis combined with deep recession that lasted from December 2007 to June 2009. The annual inflation rate reached the 17-year high of 12.5% in August 2008, up from a record of low of 2.8% percent registered in 2007. It improved to 8.8% percent in December 2008. Since then, the researcher utilized the student’s socioeconomic profile to analyze and understand the impact of economic inflation on academic performance of learners.
INTRODUCTION Based on the Enhanced School Improvement Plan SY 2019-2021,
financial matter is the second major cause of absenteeism in Pedro E. Diaz High School with 26.67% percent. In fact, in the assessment of PEDHS School Planning Team, Low academic performance was included in the six priority improvement areas of monitoring and evaluation. (PEDHS Enhanced School Improvement Plan) In August 2018, the Philippine’s inflation rate reached a whopping 6.4%. It was the highest for 9 years and 4 months. Subsequently, on September and October of the same year the inflation rate rises to 6.7%. It exceeded the government‘s upper forecast of 6,2% and is way above the government’s 4% upper target for 2018. If we compare it to our neighbors in South East Asian region: Vietnam inflation rate was only 4.5%, Indonesia 3.2%, Thailand 1.5%, Malaysia 0.9% and Singapore 0.6 %.
RELATED LITERATURE Pearson’s coefficient of correlation and t- test as statistical techniques
used for the analysis. It was noticed that there exist a positive significant correlation between SES and Academic Achievement. Rather and Sharma (2015) examined the impact of Socio-economic Status on Achievement grades. Data were collected from 200 Secondary school students of Aligarh district of Uttar Pradesh. The study showed that there was an intimate relationship between SES and Academic grades of the students. Showkeen and Rehman (2014) investigated about the impact of Socioeconomic Status of Science stream students and their Academic Achievement at Senior Secondary level. The study showed significant positive correlation between SES and Academic performance of Science stream students at Senior Secondary level. Thus, Socio-economics Status is important variable for determining the Academic Achievement of the students
METHODOLOGY Research Design
This study employs qualitative design where primary data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interview, and focus group discussions. This method was used to describe, analyze, and interpret gathered information. The researcher used a phenomenological approach in examining for a thorough description of the meaning and process of the experience of the impact of high inflation on the academic performance of learners. This method was conceptualized by Colaizzi (1978), as cited in Cresswell,(2003); Denzin & Lincoln, (2000) .
Setting and Informants This study was conducted in Pedro E. Diaz High School,
Alabang, Muntinlupa City . It involved the grade 9 students of section Pili for S.Y. 20182019. This section was classified as the Lower Section among the twenty four (24) sections of grade 9 (Junior High School).
With this economic phenomenon, the researcher decided to
focus on the impact of inflation on the academic performance of learners. Based on SF2, the researcher noticed that ADA declined to twenty eight (28) students with an equivalent percentage of 70 % percent in the attendance for the month of September. On the following month, the ADA declined to twenty seven (27) students with an equivalent percentage of 67.5% in the attendance for the month of October. A tentative number of twenty (20) students were the potential participants of this study. Five (5) of them have failed to participate The remaining fifteen (15) students underwent the third phase of saturation process. After collecting the necessary data through interviews, the researcher had reached the peak of saturation process.
As a result, ten (10) students were now officially participants of
the research. The upper five (5) and the top bottom five (5) in the socioeconomic profile were divided in two group, Group A is the experimental group and comprised of students in LowerIncome-Level. Group B is the controlled group and comprised of students in Upper-Middle-Level. five (5) themes have emerged substantial to process the qualitative research. These are the annual financial income, daily allowance, work experience, Monthly attendance and grades for every grading period
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Analyses and Interpretations of Data
Therefore, the data shows that Group A is highly vulnerable compared to moderate vulnerability of Group B in the indicators of vulnerability of annual family income
Therefore, the data shows that Group A is highly vulnerable compared to moderate vulnerability of Group B in the indicators of vulnerability of daily allowance
Therefore, the data shows that Group A is highly vulnerable compared to moderate vulnerability of Group B in the indicators of vulnerability of work experience.
Therefore, the data revealed that Group A and B got a low vulnerability in attendance on the academic performance of learners
Therefore, the data revealed that Group A is moderately vulnerable compared to low vulnerability of Group B in the indicators of vulnerability of attendance on the academic performance of learners.
Comparatively between Group A and B, the data revealed that Group A is Highly Vulnerable in the overall distribution of vulnerability obtained from the impact of high inflation on socioeconomic profile of selected students of Grade 9-Pili.
Comparatively between Group A and B, the data revealed that Group A is Highly Vulnerable in the overall indicators of vulnerability of the impact of high inflation on the academic performance of learners.
As can be seen from the data in Table 8, after a week of intervention, an improvement was observed in students 1 and 4 with comprehensive production of output. However, student 3 had failed to complete the appropriate output.
As can be seen from the data in Table 9, after two (2) weeks of extended intervention, an improvement was observed in student 3 with comprehensive production of output
FINDINGS The study shows that Low-Income family is highly vulnerable compared to
moderate vulnerability of Upper-Middle-Income in the overall distribution of vulnerability obtained from the impact of high inflation on socioeconomic profile of selected students of Grade 9-Pili. The study also shows that Low-Income family is highly vulnerable compared to low and moderate vulnerability of Upper-Middle-Income family in overall distribution of indicators of vulnerability on the academic performance of learners. The results of the study provide evidence that the intervention given by the teacher is quite effective. Foremost the efforts shown by students 1 and 4 pave away and produce comprehensive output. However, student 3 had failed to produce appropriate output for the first four weeks of intervention. On the contrary, after having participated in the extended intervention, student 3 was able to complete the desired output.
CONCLUSION It is found that establishing a socioeconomic profile of the students would reduce the impact of high inflation on the academic performance of students. In general, low-income family is highly vulnerable compared to upper-middle-income family on the contributing factors of high inflation such as the annual family income, daily allowance and work experience. Early detection of high vulnerability on high inflation would help teachers to make appropriate measures to curb the impact of high inflation on the academic performance of the students. The study also highlighted the importance of establishing learning goals to highly vulnerable students instead of performance goals. This study verify the findings of Faaz and Khan (2017); Solanke and Narayanaswamy (2015); Rather and Sharma (2015); Showkeen and Rehman (2014); Saifi and Mehmood (2011) which also found a positive impact of Socio-economic Status on student’s academic performance or achievement.
RECOMMENDATIONS Teachers should establish socioeconomic profile on the month of
June for early detection of highly vulnerable students to high inflation. The school should establish a comprehensive socioeconomic profile of students in every year level to reduce the 26.67% problem on financial matter. Experiential Contextualization Approach should be applied to the Low socioeconomic status students for the betterment of their academic performance. Likewise, the results of this study could possibly prompt early development of intervention strategies in the area of improving student attendance and inadvertently affecting student academic performance.
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